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Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2019 im Fachbereich BWL - Bank, Börse, Versicherung, Note: 1,0, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: This bachelor's thesis is dealing with the relationship between Capital Ratios and lending behaviour of banks with the focus on the German banks. After the financial crisis in 2008/9, the assets of banks took severe losses and threatened the banks on the brink of bankruptcy. Afterwards the regulation of banks and its capital ratios became stricter. This regulation and requirement have an impact on the lending behaviour of banks and forced them to rethink the construction of their assets due to the maintaining of a regulated capital ratio. There are two different ways on approaching it. The first is by either adjusting their risk-weighted assets or the second is by increasing their levels of regulatory capital. This approaches led to different lending behaviours of the banks because loans are a main component of risk-weighted assets and assets in general. Nowadays there is a debate whether the new regulation is the reason why banks are lending less money than in the past and three scientific papers, which will be reviewed, have different arguments and different perspectives. The goal of this thesis is to take a look on assets, loans and capital ratios of German banks, compare and analyse them throughout the years in order to give an answer on the question whether capital ratios and the requirements have an impact on the lending of these banks. The first step is to give some insights about the definitions of the reviewed bank types in Germany and their business models, different ratios and their structure and how they are connected to the regulatory standard Basel III. Secondly, I will give a literature review and then the thesis will give an examination of a given data set about German banks. I lay my focus on the commercial banks and the so called “Sparkassen” (savings banks in Germany). By working with them, I want to find out a correlation between capital ratios and loan growths and provide a descriptive statistic about my calculations. I will also distinguish between small and large banks and analyse them separately in order to see if their behaviours differ from each other and if we are able to conclude that the size of their assets matters. In the end, the thesis will provide an analysis, which also involves the findings of the papers, of the results I found out and I will see if my analysis and thesis are agreeing with the statements of the papers.

​Die Verbreitung des Internets und die zunehmende Digitalisierung in der öffentlichen Verwaltung und Politik haben über die letzten Jahre zu einer starken Zunahme an hochdetaillierten digitalen Datenbeständen über politische Akteure und Prozesse geführt. Diese big public data werden oft über programmatische Schnittstellen (Web APIs; programmable Web) verbreitet, um die Einbettung der Daten in anderen Webanwendungen zu vereinfachen. Die Analyse dieser Daten für wissenschaftliche Zwecke in der politischen Ökonomie und Politologie ist vielversprechend, setzt jedoch die Implementierung einer data pipeline zur Beschaffung und Aufbereitung von Daten aus dem programmable Web voraus. Dieses Buch diskutiert die Chancen und Herausforderungen der praktischen Nutzung dieser Datenbestände für die empirische Forschung und zeigt anhand einer Fallstudie ein mögliches Vorgehen zur systematischen Analyse von big public data aus dem programmable Web auf.

Drawings on paper produced in color or primed in color play a prominent role in the art of drawing in the early modern period. What influence did the single-colored surface have on the lines, the use of color and the modeling of light and shadow when the drawings were executed? What specific horizons of interpretation are associated with this drawing technique? For the first time, the contributions in the volume investigate these questions using case studies from the north and south. Methodologically up-to-date and from a multi-perspective perspective, they offer fundamentally new results on image-theoretical questions of Evidentia as well as on art-technological studies. The focus is on works by Lorenzo Monaco, Benozzo Gozzoli, Hans Pleydenwurff, Hendrick Goltzius, Rembrandt, Govert Flinck, Nicolas Poussin, Caspar Fraisinger, among others.

Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2022 im Fachbereich Führung und Personal - Führungsstile, Note: 1,0,, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: This paper sets out to explore the integral role of leadership competencies in driving organisational innovations and enhancing overall performance. It establishes the notion that contemporary leadership has significantly evolved from its traditional form that emphasized strict rules and control over subordinates, to an approach that encourages and values new ideas, innovations, and performance. Today's competitive market conditions and growing customer expectations mandate an affirmative management style, necessitating leaders to inspire and harness the innovative potential of their teams while working towards a common goal. The research focuses on the significance of effective leadership methods, appropriate techniques, and their successful implementation in professional environments, particularly within the context of research and development departments where innovation is critical for company growth and profitability. Through a careful blend of literature review and a mixed-method approach, this study aims to provide a comprehensive view of the landscape of leadership competences within organisations and determine the competencies that significantly contribute to promoting innovation and overall performance. In conducting this study, the leadership competencies of higher management in an anonymised, medium-sized, service-oriented company, referred to as company XYZ, will be assessed using the KODE® personality tests. The overarching aim is to draw a connection between leadership competencies and innovation, thereby forming a strong foundation for future, large-scale research work. Ultimately, this paper seeks to aid leaders and policymakers in improving development programs, recruitment policies, and organisational practices, while also contributing valuable insights to the current discourse on the competencies required for leaders to successfully boost innovation and performance within organisations.

Dieses essential erläutert fundiert und kompakt die schriftliche Besucherbefragung als Instrument im Kulturmarketing und Kulturtourismus. Nach einer Einführung in die wichtigsten Begriffe werden die beiden Methoden schriftlicher Befragungen (Paper-Pencil und Online) anwendungsbezogen vorgestellt und auf ihre Stärken und Schwächen untersucht. Hierauf aufbauend werden die einzelnen Phasen von schriftlichen Befragungen – von der Gestaltung eines Fragebogens und der Datenerhebung über die Datenaufbereitung und -auswertung bis hin zur Follow-up-Phase – skizziert. Die theoretischen Erläuterungen werden anhand vieler aktueller Beispiele aus der Praxis von Kultur und Tourismus illustriert.

Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2019 im Fachbereich Pädagogik - Hochschulwesen,, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: English degree programs in Liberian universities have been experiencing low enrolment rates in recent years, with the African Methodist Episcopal University (AMEU) being no exception. The goal of this research is to determine the factors that are commonly blamed for low enrolment rates in English degree programs at Liberian universities, with a focus on the AMEU from 2013-2018. The study will explore the internal and external factors that contribute to low enrolment, and investigate the role of curriculum and pedagogy in student interest in English degree programs. Strategies to increase enrolment rates will also be discussed, with implications for policy and practice in Liberian higher education institutions. This research paper investigated the'Perceived Causes of Low Enrolment in English Degree Programs at Liberia Universities'with a case study at the African Methodist Episcopal University (2013–2018). The paper sampled the views of 100 respondents, including freshman students, administrators, and faculty members of the African Methodist Episcopal University. The paper focused on the teaching of the English Language and the teacher's pedagogy of teaching the English Language in universities and colleges in Liberia. Questionnaires and reviewing of documents were used to sample student opinion on perceived causes of low student enrolment in English Degree programs. The statistical analysis considered best for this study was frequency count and percentage. Findings revealed that the lack of qualified English teachers, lack of instructional materials, subject nature, low student interest, lack of motivation, and low job opportunities among other causes were responsible for low student enrolment in English Degree programs at universities and colleges in Liberia. Some recommendations were suggested at the end of the study.

Das natürliche Material Papier ist derzeit Gegenstand der Forschung und Erprobung in der Baupraxis. Es ist kostengünstig herstellbar, besteht aus nachwachsendem Rohstoff und ist vollkommen rezyklierbar. Der Schwerpunkt der Verwendung liegt dabei auf der temporären Nutzung, etwa in Übergangsbauten für Schulen, Notunterkünfte oder „Microhomes'. Richtig vor Nässe und Feuer geschützt, erweist sich das Material als fest und haltbar. Und auch der architektonische Anspruch kommt dabei keineswegs zu kurz, wie Beispiele von Pritzker-Preisträger Shigeru Ban zeigen: die Grundschule Chengdu, die Paper Concert Hall in Aquila oder die Cardboard Cathedral in Christchurch waren jeweils ein Zeichen der Hoffnung nach verheerenden Erdbeben. Die Einführung erklärt die Grundlagen des Bauens mit Papier und zeigt spannende Anwendungen.

Dutt, Carsten: Inhalt / Vorwort. Rebenich, Stefan: Reinhart Koselleck und die Alte Geschichte. A tour through Reinhart Koselleck's extensive library shows his intimacy with Greek and Latin texts, almost reminiscent of the Humanist postulate ad fontes. Furthermore, the paramount importance of Greek historiography is obvious in Koselleck's efforts to formulate a theory of history and gauge the possibilities and limits of historical knowledge. He saw Thucydides in particular as the archegetes of modern historiography. His reference to the historiographical and philosophical tradition of Greco-Roman antiquity allowed him to analyze and bring to consciousness »the peculiarity of modern times as a new time and the history of time as time«. Talking about Reinhart Koselleck and ancient history always means talking about Christian Meier. In no other field did the two historians work more closely together than in the field of conceptual history. Through his work, Meier consistently historicized antiquity, which he perceived as rather alien, but whose significance for the present he underscored from the perspective of reception. Koselleck, on the other hand, who described temporalization (»Verzeichtlichung«) as the decisive criterion of modernity, detemporalized antiquity in order to advance to the supra-temporal proprium of ancient historiography and philosophy, which is an essential component of his own theory of history. Dunkhase, Jan Eike: Zwischen Kafka und Hamlet. Reinhart Kosellecks publizistische Anfänge im Kontext The paper introduces Reinhart Koselleck's first three publications from the years 1951–53, which present the future historian as a literary critic. They report on a Kafka workshop organized by students at the University of Heidelberg and review a contemporary novel by Paul Schallück as well as a Hamlet interpretation promoted by Carl Schmitt. Koselleck's articles are analyzed within the context of the student magazine they were published in and contrasted with his fellow student Hans Robert Jauss'first publication in the same Forum academicum. While young Koselleck doesn't express himself as an historian in these early publications, they shed light on his intellectual beginnings in the shadow of his emerging doctoral thesis Critique and Crisis, especially concerning his foundational struggle with »the transcendence of history.« Kemmerer, Alexandra: Ad limina. Koselleck und die völkerrechtliche Imagination in der Krise Early in his academic career, Reinhart Koselleck developed an interest in questions of international law. However, the historiography of international law, which has undergone a very dynamic evolution for almost three decades, remains little interested in Koselleck's conceptualhistorical method. In this paper, I trace Koselleck's association with international law scholars – particularly with Carl Schmitt, with whom he maintained an exchange beginning with the latter's Nomos der Erde (1950) and continuing through Die legale Weltrevolution (1978). I strive to uncover the mutual influences and the significance of this cooperation for today's transdisciplinary legal research.Their perspectives and possibilities through the conceptual-historical method are discussed in closing, before I return to the end of the world, where land and sea meet and where this text began. Dutt, Carsten: »Beihilfe zur Ernüchterung«. Dunkhase, Jan Eike: Die Frage nach der Geschichte. Eine Doppelrezension Reinhart Kosellecks aus dem Jahr 1950 Koselleck, Reinhart: Rezension zu Hans Freyer, Weltgeschichte Europas, und Karl Jaspers, Vom Ursprung und Ziel der Geschichte. Koselleck, Reinhart; Dutt, Carsten: Zum politischen Totenkult. Ein Interview Hölscher, Lucian: The Discovery of the Future in Early Modern Europe. My argument for the discovery of the future is based on the idea of a process of temporalization that took place in early modern Europe.

Beiträge aus Forschung und Anwendung – Emanuela Sanfelici: On the strength of D0: case resolution phenomena in free relative clauses Abstract: This paper proposes a novel account of free relative clauses (RCs), which associates case resolution patterns to the typology of D0 heads à la Longobardi (1994), Guardiano & Longobardi (2005). Although free RCs generally obey matching requirements, certain languages tolerate configurations where the case assigned by the matrix clause to the nominal phrase containing the free RC conflicts with that assigned within the RC. Languages vary as to whether they allow for case conflicting configurations and apply case resolution, and, if they do, as to whether the case conflict is resolved in compliance with that assigned from the matrix or the RC probe. By adopting a cartographic approach to free RCs, I account for the linguistic variation by means of two ingredients: (a) the property of the D0 head in a given language, strong vs. weak D0, and, in turn, of the feature-sharing mechanisms between D0 and the lower heads; (b) the operation of chain reduction phrased in terms of a subset relation. – Christian Hugo Hoffmann: Die Philosophie der Philosophie: Was zeichnet genuin philosophische Fragen aus? Abstract: Philosophy cannot be studied without becoming engaged in philosophy itself. Taking Timothy Williamson's seminal work'The Philosophy of Philosophy'as a point of departure for this analysis at hand, and a specific question therein, in his book, presented by him as genuinely philosophical, we discuss in this paper what characterizes distinguished philosophical questions and what does not. While Williamson responds critically to the so-called linguistic and conceptual turn considered central to (analytic) philosophy by con-tending that his chosen question, representative of many more, is philosophical but not even implicitly meta-linguistic or meta-conceptual, our contribution is different and three-fold: first, in homage to Williamson, we show that he might not achieve his argumentative goal. Going beyond the limited framework set by his monograph, we further argue, second and more generally, that the predicate'being a philosophical question'(such as his model question) suffers from vagueness. Finally, third, we derive implications from our investigation for the meta-philosophical answers of the Linguistic and Conceptual Turns. – Alexander Horn: Sprachgeschichtliche Stolperstellen im Geschichtscomic MOSAIK und ihr didaktisches Potential für den Deutschunterricht. Abstract: Up to now, comics have mainly been used for teaching literature. In this article, approaches of language teaching methodology for the use of comics in German classes are presented. Using the example of the history comic Mosaik, the article discusses different variants of language-historical staging. The didactic potential subsequently shown illustrates how comics can be used in language teaching to promote both vocabulary acquisition and the development of language criticism competence and thus the formation of language awareness among students. Rezensionen – Anja Müller: Fuchs, Julia (2020): Erwerb von Informationsstrukturellen Fähigkeiten – Produktion und Rezeption von (in)definiten Artikeln bei deutschsprachigen Kindern. – Niklas Reinken: Andreas, Renate & Michael Andreas (2020): Praxis-Fachbuch für den kompetenten Rechtschreibunterricht. Neue Erkenntnisse – Neue Wege Informationen und Hinweise von Klaus Müllner und den Herausgeber•innen

Containing thirty-one lectures deliv-ered at the Fifth Münster Symposium on Jonathan Swift in May 2006, this volume testifies to the broad spectrum of research interests in the Dean of St Patrick's, Dublin, and his work. The essays have been grouped in nine sections: theoretical approaches (A. C. Elias, Jr, Melinda Rabb); bio-graphical problems (W. B. Carno-chan, João Fróes); bibliographical and textual studies (James E. May, Stephen Karian, James McLaverty); A Tale of a Tub (Marcus Walsh, Allan Ingram, Frank T. Boyle); historical, religious, and political issues (Sean Connolly, Ian Higgins, Howard D. Weinbrot, Toby C. Barnard, Valerie Rumbold); poetry (Clive T. Probyn, John Irwin Fischer, Dirk F. Passmann and Hermann J. Real; James Wool-ley); Swift and Ireland (Joseph McMinn, Sabine Baltes, Sean Moore); Gulliver's Travels (Ann C. Kelly, Serge Soupel, Clement Hawes, J. A. Downie); and Reception and Adapta-tion (Peter Sabor, Sabine Wendel, Flavio Gregory, Gabriella Hartvig, Michael Düring).

Der digitale Zwilling lässt sich als intelligentes, digitales Abbild eines realen Produktes oder Prozesses beschreiben. Die Studie untersucht digitale Zwillinge aus einer Geschäftsmodellperspektive. Eine vergleichende Analyse von sechs unterschiedlichen Geschäftsmodellen anhand des Business Model Canvas zeigt deutliche Unterschiede in der Interpretation der Begrifflichkeit des digitalen Zwillings und dessen Verwendung als Geschäftsmodell auf. Die größte Herausforderung für die Entwicklung digitaler Zwillinge sind fehlende monetäre Argumente und das Überwinden von Schnittstellenproblematiken. Gleichzeitig werden große Potenziale im Business to Business-Bereich (B2B) und mittelfristig auch im Business to Customer-Bereich (B2C) erwartet. ​Die Autoren:Robin Klostermeier ist Unternehmensberater und berät Kunden zu Fragen der digitalen Transformation und Datenintegration.Prof. Dr. Steffi Haag ist Juniorprofessorin für Wirtschaftsinformatik an der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Prof. Dr. Alexander Benlian ist Professor für Wirtschaftsinformatik & E-Services an der Technischen Universität Darmstadt.

Immer mehr Unternehmen bauen Chatbots, damit ihre Kunden und Mitarbeiter in natürlicher Sprache mit den Systemen des Unternehmens kommunizieren können. Mittels Chatbots können dialogintensive Prozesse automatisiert und neue Wissensquellen erschlossen werden. Das vorliegende essential führt die Grundlagen von Chatbots ein und zeigt mit Praxisbeispielen der Schweizerischen Post, wo sie angewendet werden können, worauf bei ihrer Gestaltung geachtet werden muss und welche neuen Fähigkeiten in einem Unternehmen für deren Einsatz erforderlich sind.Die Autoren:Toni Stucki hat langjährige Erfahrungen als Softwarearchitekt. Bei der Schweizerischen Post leitet er ein Softwareentwicklungsteam, mit dem er bereits mehrere Chatbots implementiert hat. Dr. Sara D'Onofrio arbeitete als Innovation-Managerin bei der Schweizerischen Post und war bei der Chatbot-Entwicklung der IT Post mit dabei. In ihrer Dissertation beschäftigte sie sich mit der Thematik Chatbots. Prof. Dr. Edy Portmann ist Swiss Post Professor of Computer Science am Human-IST Institut der Universität Freiburg i.Üe., Schweiz, und beschäftigt sich mit Fragen rund um Informationssysteme, -verarbeitung und -beschaffung.

Assembling thirty-five lectures delivered at the Sixth Münster Symposium on Jonathan Swift in June 2011, this new volume of Reading Swift testifies to an extraordinary spectrum of research interests in the Dean of St Patrick's, Dublin, and his works. As in the successful earlier volumes, the essays have been grouped in eight sections: biographical aspects (W. B. Carnochan, John Irwin Fischer, Clive T. Probyn, Abigail Williams); bibliographical and textual studies (Ian Gadd, James E. May); A Tale of a Tub (J. A. Downie, Gregory Lynall and Marcus Walsh, Michael McKeon); historical and religious issues (Christopher J. Fauske, Christopher Fox, Ian Higgins, Ashley Marshall, Nathalie Zimpfer); Irish vistas (Sabine Baltes, Toby Barnard, Andrew Carpenter, D. W. Hayton, James Ward); poetry (Daniel Cook, Kirsten Juhas, Stephen Karian, Dirk F. Passmann and Hermann J. Real, James Woolley); Gulliver's Travels (Barbara M. Benedict, Allan Ingram, Ann Cline Kelly, Melinda Alliker Rabb); and reception and adaptation (Gabriella Hartvig, Clement Hawes, Heinz-Joachim Müllenbrock, Tim Parnell, Peter Sabor, Nicholas Seager, Howard D. Weinbrot). Clearly, the élan vital, which has been such a distinctive feature of Swift scholarship in the past thirty years, is continuing unabated.

This new volume of Reading Swift assembles 26 lectures delivered at the Seventh Münster Symposium on Jonathan Swift in June 2017, testifying to an extraordinary spectrum of research interests in the Dean of St Patrick's, Dublin, and his works. Reading Swift follows the tried and tested format of its predecessors, grouping the essays in eight sections: biographical problems; bibliographical and canonical studies; political and religious as well as philosophical, economic, and social issues; poetry; Gulliver's Travels; and reception studies. The élan vital, which has been such a distinctive feature of Swift scholar-ship in the past thirty-five years, is continuing unabated.

This first-ever portrait of Linda Berger's work invites you to discover the artist's detailed drawings, especially her latest graphic works and exhibitions. Thematically and visually, the book reveals Berger's artistic concepts and the processes of creating her drawings. In addition to numerous, mostly large-format illustrations – drawings, spatial interventions, and views of the most important exhibitions – the texts by renowned authors and experts on Berger's oeuvre contribute to the understanding and mediation of her art. This book connects artistic work and design in a special way: Its graphic concept vividly renders the intensity of the artist's drawing process and the unusually large dimensions in which she worked comprehensible.

To celebrate the first 40 years of the series'Aegypten und Altes Testament'with its 100th volume a conference on the topic of the series - Egypt and the Hebrew Bible - was hosted in December 2019 in Munich. In this volume the papers are attributed to three major fields: language, iconography, and history. In the first section of this volume linguistic approaches are presented. Francis Breyer presents some of the results of his research about Egyptian names and words in the Old Testament. His scientific approach is closely connected with Gorg's main interests in both fields. Pieter Gert van der Veen presents another main interest of Gorg's research. Gorg was - since his dissertation - very interested in place (and tribal) names mentioned in Egyptian lists. Van der Veen's paper is an update on some of the toponyms. Stefan Jakob Wimmer presents a new reading of several Hieratic inscribed bowls from Canaan. Evidently, a Canaanite word is used in these Egyptian texts. The second part focuses on iconography. Stefan Munger presents a group of seals found in the southern Levant which demonstrates a strong Egyptian influence. Bernd U. Schipper publishes a funeral stela now in the Egyptian Museum in Berlin. This stela is extremely interesting because of its combination of Egyptian iconography with an Aramaic inscription. The paper by Ludwig D. Morenz is wide-ranging both in geographical and chronological perspective and discusses the refusal of presenting JHWH iconographically. Two solutions, one from the Iron Age and the other one from the Byzantine period, are presented. The third part of this volume focuses on history. Regine Schulz contributes her discussion on the reliefs of the famous battle of Qadesh between the Hittites and the Egyptians for this volume. She observes some interesting roles in the depictions and numbers of soldiers on these reliefs. Marlies Heinz presents some ideas about the well excavated site of Kamid el-Loz, an Egyptian stronghold in present-day Lebanon during the Late Bronze Age. The Exodus is most prominent in the Bible for the historical connection between (later) Israel and Egypt. Manfred Bietak presents a linguistic and archaeological update of the interpretation of the Biblical texts seen through the eyes of an Egyptologist. The next two chapters deal with two succeeding episodes of the historical connections of Egypt and Israel/Judah and combine both methodologically with a historical and an archaeological approach. Katharina Streit and Felix Hoflmayer discuss the late 8th and early 7th century BCE, while Wolfgang Zwickel concentrates on the second part of the 7th and the early 6th century. The paper presented by Katja Weia discusses the role of foreign mercenaries in Egypt during the Late Egyptian period. All together the papers presented here cover relevant topics of Egyptian-Levantine history during about 1000 years from the battle of Qadesh to the Persian-Hellenistic period.

Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2022 im Fachbereich Medien / Kommunikation - Journalismus, Publizistik, Note: 1,3, Fachhochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg in Sankt Augustin, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die Arbeit setzt sich mit der Nutzerbindung und Zahlungsbereitschaft bei Online-Medien auseinander. Viele deutsche Verlage treiben ihre Online-Bezahlmodelle voran. Der Bundesverband Digitalpublisher und Zeitungsverleger (BDZV) geht davon aus, dass sich bis 2023 nahezu alle Zeitungen für ein digitales Bezahlsystem aussprechen werden. Der Gedanke ist gereift, dass Journalismus auch im Netz seinen Preis haben darf. Doch damit ist folgendes Problem nicht gelöst: Die derzeit größten Herausforderungen vieler Verlage sind weiterhin, Nutzer zu gewinnen und an die eigene Marke zu binden, wie Holger Kansky, Leiter Digitales beim BDZV, erklärt. Trotz der seit Jahren steigenden Paid Content-Umsätze bei den Zeitungen ist die Zahlungsbereitschaft für digitaljournalistische Inhalte weiterhin nicht ausreichend. Dabei scheint dies auf den ersten Blick verwunderlich: Die Preise für ein digitales Standard-Abo sind durchschnittlich gesunken und viele Redaktionen wollen ihre Vertriebsstrategien zunehmend digital ausrichten. Das E-Paper ist ohnehin schon länger auf dem Markt. Zusätzlich arbeiten einige Verlage seit längerem mit Datenkonzepten wie Artikel- Scores, um Inhalte jederzeit optimieren zu können und wollen Erfolgsfaktoren bezahlpflichtiger „Plus“-Artikel erarbeiten. Der Journalismus hat auch nach wie vor eine hohe Bedeutung: Zu Beginn der Corona-Krise profitierten viele Online-Medien von hohen Reichweiten und Zugriffszahlen auf ihren Websites. Auch die Zahl abgeschlossener Abos ist während dieses Zeitraums gewachsen. Nach Kansky sei die Leserbeziehung noch nicht loyal und ausreichend nachhaltig. Netflix und Spotify könnten als Vorbild dienen: Die Streaming-Plattformen setzen auf Algorithmen basierend auf individuellen Interessen und gehören mittlerweile schon fest zum Alltag. Zwar lassen sich Bewegtbild- und Musikangebote nicht mit Nachrichten vergleichen, doch ein „Spotify für News“ wird in der deutschen Verlagslandschaft zumindest diskutiert.

How to provide training for youth is one of the fundamental questions a society faces and which must be answered by each generation anew. An ever-changing economic environment poses a constant challenge to both - the content of the training as well as the means by which it is provided. Also, societal preferences are subject to change. How well are the existing institutions of education and training equipped for dealing with and adjusting to the changing requirements, or even for anticipating new ones? This collection of papers takes up the case of the apprenticeship. Since it has proven to be the most important pillar of training for non-college-bound youth in many Western European countries - with other countries considering its implementation as well - the topic of apprenticeship calls for up-to-date in-depth analysis: If so, to what extent is training actually beneficial to the two main parties involved: the trainees and the firm? What prospects do graduating apprentices face on the labor market? What is the relationship between apprenticeship training and early career mobility? What are the costs and benefits to firms offering apprenticeship training? What is the socially optimal amount of training? The release of new and improved datasets allowed many new and interesting questions to be raised that could not have been studied with previously available data. The book provides a valuable resource to anyone interested in apprenticeship training, whether for academic purposes or as practitioner.

Beiträge aus Forschung und Anwendung – Jürg Fleischer:'Qualität hat seinen Preis Preis': Genus-insensitives'sein'im Gegenwartsdeutschen. Abstract: The German possessive'sein'is usually classified as a pronoun of the 3rd person singular masculine and neuter. However, in the grammatical literature some descriptions of'sein'instead of an expected 3rd person singular feminine possessive pronoun'ihr'referring to feminine antecedents can be found. Based on search queries in the German Reference Corpus DeReKo it is shown that the phenomenon can be empirically established. While certain collocations displaying a high amount of neuter pronoun antecedents might be favorable for the use of'sein'(alles [neuter] hat seinen Preis'everything has its price'> Qualität [feminine] hat seinen Preis'quality has its price'), it turns out that the semantics of the antecedent is decisive. In most examples, the feminine antecedent is an inanimate noun. This suggests that'sein'is underlyingly unmarked with respect to gender, while the feminine'ihr'is primarily a pronoun denoting female sex and only secondarily feminine gender. – Irene Rapp & Raphaela Wolman: Lüge, Irrtum und Missverständnis: Kommunikation Missverständnis: Kommunikationsstörungen in einem erweiterten Common Ground Ground-Modell. Abstract: In this paper we will argue that the analysis of lies, fallacies, and misunderstandings requires a complex model including a heterogeneous common ground based on reportative and situational evidence (cf. Farkas & Bruce 2010) and two additional layers, beliefs and objective facts. Lies can be defined by using the concept of reportative evidence, i. e. there is a contrast between an utterance and the utterer's beliefs. Fallacies arise if a person is mistaken with regard to the situational evidence, i. e. there is a contrast between her beliefs and the objective facts. Misunderstandings, again, refer to reportative evidence, i. e. there is a contrast between the intended meaning of an utterance and the way it is understood by the hearer. Whereas the analysis of lies proves that the common ground is based on evidence and not on mutual belief, the analysis of fallacies and misunderstandings shows that both its situational and its reportative part have to split up into one part that is clearly fixed and another part that is open to interpretation and thus endangered by these communication failures. – Antonios Tsiknakis: Zur Ungrammatikalität von [−w]-Ausdrücken in der SpecC-Position von VL-Komplementsätzen. Abstract: This article addresses the impossibility of topicalization in verb final complement clauses in German. In the first part of the paper, existing research dealing with this phenomenon is discussed. Following this, an alternative approach is suggested which is embedded in a general theory of finite verb movement to the left periphery and topicalization in interrogative and declarative clause types. In a nutshell, it will be established that both syntactic processes are trig-gered by respective clause type features whose interpretation leads to an update of the question under discussion or the common ground of the context in prototypical utterance situations. Finally, the paper is concluded with the proposition to treat the feature triggering topicalization as a functor that modifies the interpretation of the feature which is triggering verb movement and therefore presupposes its presence for reasons of interpretability. Rezensionen – Melitta Gillmann: Narrog, Heiko & Bernd Heine (2018): Grammaticalization from a typological perspective. – Jan Kerkmann: Schneider, Christian (2020): Der sprachlose Philosoph. Ludwig Wittgensteins Philosophie als lebensgeschichtliche Selbstreflexion. Informationen und Hinweise von Klaus Müllner und den Herausgeber•innen

Liddy Scheffknecht zählt zum Kreis der experimentierfreudigsten bildenden Künstler•innen der jüngeren Generation in Österreich. Die Publikation Liddy Scheffknecht – Points in Time präsentiert ausgewählte Arbeiten, die im letzten Jahrzehnt (2010–2020) entstanden sind. Liddy Scheffknechts Arbeiten umfassen ein breites mediales Spektrum – und dennoch formen sie ein kohärentes, fortlaufendes künstlerisches Programm. In fotografischen Sequenzen, Installationen, Skulpturen, Zeichnungen und Medienhybriden untersucht die Künstlerin das Verhältnis von Zeitlichkeit, Wahrnehmung und Raum; damit erzeugt und bricht sie Illusion gleichermaßen. In Liddy Scheffknechts künstlerischen Arbeiten kommen immaterielle Medien wie Sonnenlicht und Schatten ebenso zum Einsatz wie klassische bildhauerische Materialien und digitale Medien.

Abstracts Dehé, Nicole, Braun, Bettina, Einfeldt, Marieke, Wochner, Daniela, Zahner-Ritter, Katharina: The prosody of rhetorical questions: a cross-linguistic view. This paper provides a survey of our knowledge of the prosody of rhetorical questions, i.e. questions that do not require an answer and try to commit the listener to the presupposed answer, as compared to the prosody of string-identical genuine, information seeking-questions. The survey includes semantic literature on questions, corpus data, and experimental evidence from production and perception experiments. It covers a range of typologically different languages (German, English, Icelandic, Italian, Standard Chinese, Cantonese, Japanese, French) that have different word-level and phrase-level characteristics. The main finding is that rhetorical and information seeking questions differ reliably in terms of the following prosodic characteristics: (i) f0-features (e.g., position and type of pitch accent, type of boundary tone, as well as more global f0-parameters, depending on language type); (ii) duration / speaking rate (rhetorical questions are typically longer / produced with slower speaking rate than information-seeking questions). Often, but not always, rhetorical questions are produced with non-modal voice quality. Breul, Carsten: If a man buys a horse, … you have no argument against material implication: on a flaw in the foundations of the restrictor approach to conditionals. The paper discusses a prominent one of Kratzer's (1986, 1991, 2012) arguments against material implication analyses of the denotation of (indicative) conditional sentences. This is the argument based on the sentence Most of the time, if a man buys a horse, he pays cash for it. It is shown that material implication makes a prediction that does conform to speakers'intuitions, contrary to Kratzer's claim. The paper also argues that Lewis's (1975) attack on material implication analyses of conditional sentences based on examples where the conditional is embedded under the adverbials sometimes and never does not have much force given that the interpretation of such sentences is subject to inferential pragmatic operations in addition to the recovery of their denotation. Reinken, Niklas: Funktionalisierte Variation in Handschriften. In contrast to printed letters, handwritten texts show a larger amount of variation regarding letter shape and letter contact. This variation though might not be totally random but could follow a certain grammatical or structural function. By analysing a corpus of 10.117 graphs written by four writers, this paper explores which structures and which functions correlate. More precisely, it will be shown that the shape of certain letters might indicate syllabic, morphologic od prosodic structures. In addition, it will be shown that handwritten texts present the words'structure better than printed texts could do. Overall, this paper points out how handwritten scripts show the graphematic principles known from printing even better than printed texts do. Speyer, Augustin: Rezension: Sylvie Hancil, Tine Breban & José Vicente Lozano (Hgg.) (2018): New trends in grammaticalization and language change. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Balnat, Vincent: Rezension: Stephan Stein & Sören Stumpf (2019): Muster in Sprache und Kommunikation. Eine Einführung in Konzepte sprachlicher Vorgeformtheit. Berlin: Erich Schmidt (= Grundlagen der Germanistik 63). Hüttemann, Maurice, Rödel, Michael: Rezension: Anica Betz & Angelina Firstein (Hgg.) (2019): Schülerinnen und Schülern Linguistik näher bringen. Perspektiven einer linguistischen Wissenschaftspropädeutik. Baltmannsweiler: Schneider Hohengehren. Klaus, Müllner: Informationen und Hinweise.

Beiträge aus Forschung und Anwendung – Jörg Meibauer: Konzepte des unwahrhaftigen Implikatierens – Realistisches Lügenkonzept und die Verpflichtung auf die Wahrheit konversationeller Implikaturen. Abstract: A realistic concept of lying is one that comprises the levels of semantics and pragmatics, and, within pragmatics, speech act theory and implicature theory. Moreover, it focuses on communicated meaning as understood by an average discourse participant. This paper discusses whether lying is regarded by the folk as not only insincerely asserting a false-believed content but also untruthfully implicating a content. Since this is a matter of dispute, recent experimental results on this question are discussed. It turns out that the speaker's commitment to a content is what ultimately matters when judgments about deceptive acts are made. – Irene Rapp & Raphaela Wolman: Inszenierte Ironie: Lügen, Irrtümer und Missverständnisse in einem fusionierten Common-Ground-Modell. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to establish a common ground model for multi-layered communication in drama. In particular, we will focus on the concept of irony. We will show that in drama ironic effects can be achieved by presenting lies, fallacies or misunderstandings. Whilst these phenomena are communication failures in the internal communication system, they lead to second-order implicatures in the outer communication system, i. e. the communication system between text and audience. In Rapp & Wolman (2020a) an evidence-based common ground model was presented in order to describe communications failures in single-layered communication. To capture the interaction of an inner and an outer communication system we will combine their parts in a specific manner: whereas the discourse commitments are taken from the inner system, all other components (common ground, beliefs, facts) belong to the outer system. Importantly, the outer system also includes second-order implicatures arising from communication failures in the inner system. We will illustrate this model by examining crucial passages of the bourgeois tragedy Kabale und Liebe by Friedrich Schiller. Praktisches aus Forschung und Lehre – Felicitas Otte, Elena Jahn, Cornelia Loos, Julian Bleicken & Annika Herrmann: The DGS corpus as a linguistic resource: student research and beyond. Abstract: This paper has two objectives: we provide a detailed description of the DGS corpus, the largest existing collection of German Sign Language (DGS) data, and we show how such a corpus may be and already has been used as a resource for linguistic research in academic settings. In the first part, we describe where and how the Public DGS Corpus can be accessed, the types of elicitation tasks and formats that were used for data collection, and the regional and sociolinguistic background of the participants. Taking into account which phonetic, morpho-syntactic, and lexical information has been annotated thus far, we then make suggestions for a wide range of applications of the corpus in phonetic, morphological, syntactic, information structural, sociolinguistic, and typological studies of DGS. Lastly, we summarize the methodologies and results of selected research projects that are based on the DGS corpus. Rezensionen – Robert Mroczynski: Neuhaus, Laura (2019): Linguistik der Litotes im Deutschen – Syntax, Semantik und Pragmatik einer'nicht uninteressanten'Redefigur. – Fabian Ehrmantraut: Pafel, Jürgen (2020): Referenz. – Said Sahel: Selmani, Lirim (2020): Adjektiv. Informationen und Hinweise von Klaus Müllner und den Herausgeber•innen

Abstracts De Santis, Daniele, Manca, Danilo: Introduction. The Given: Historical and Hermeneutical Category or Laziness and Perversion of Reason? Filieri, Luigi: Sellars and Kant on Givenness and Intuition. In this paper, I argue that Sellars's conceptualist reading of Kant, though less radical than more contemporary approaches (e. g., Brandom, McDowell), relies on a controversial account of the relations between the givenness of intuitions, the productive imagination and the power of judgment. I will discuss: 1) how Sellars reconsidered Kant's account of intuition; and 2) the kind of conceptualism he argues for. I will raise two main claims. First, Sellars's conceptualist reading of intuition overlooks the role of space and time as givenness conditions. Second, Sellars's account of the productive imagination disregards the complementary significance of the power of judgment in a priori synthesis, the role of which is to grant synthetic unity. My aim is to reconstruct a consistent dialogue between Sellars and Kant by discussing Sellars's reading of a priori synthesis and comparing his views to Kant's original aims. Bredeson, Garrett Zantow: Natorp's Critique of Appeals to Givenness in Light of the Marburg Renewal of Idealism. For Natorp, the most urgent task for turn-of-the-century philosophy consisted in recovering the meaning of idealism. Instead of simply appealing to given facts, idealists transform givennesses of all sorts into tasks for thinking under the guidance of laws which we ourselves have laid down and for which we ourselves are responsible. In this paper I will try to connect the dots between (a) the broader Marburg project of tethering philosophy to the achievements of modern science and (b) Natorp's critique of his contemporaries'appeals to givenness. Understanding this connection is, in my view, crucial for appreciating the sense and grounding of Natorp's idealism. Palette, Virginie: The Resistance of the Given and its Demythologization in Husserl's Phenomenology. The objective of this paper is to reconstruct Husserl's two-pronged approach of sensory givenness. On the one hand, the phenomenological focus on intentional consciousness implies a virulent criticismof the positivistic myth of the sensory given. On the other hand, there is also a positive appeal to sensory givenness in phenomenology, without which phenomenology would not be worthy of its name and would, ultimately, be nothing other than a form of neo-Kantianism. In the context of transcendental genetic phenomenology, Husserl manages to rehabilitate sensory givenness in a reduced, viz. demythologized form. This reconstruction of Husserl's ambivalent reference to the given can help phenomenology defend itself against some actual trends, which tend to reduce it to phenomenalismor to conceptualism. Manca, Danilo: Spontaneity and Givenness. Natorp, Husserl, and Sellars's Neo-Kantianism. In this article, I propose a comparison between Natorp, Husserl, and Sellars that has a twofold aim. First, I ask to what extent Sellars's perspective can be considered to be Neo-Kantian. Second, I demonstrate that the point of divergence among these three thinkers does not have to do with the role they ascribe to givenness in knowledge, but with the way they conceive the activity of thinking. Focusing on Husserl's reading of Natorp's theses concerning the subjective and objective ground of knowledge, I show that both Natorp and Husserl agree with Sellars on the limits of a positivistic and empiricist perspective that relies on what is given in perception for the justification of one's epistemic beliefs. On the other hand, the differences between the three thinkers emerge as soon as we consider how they attempt to integrate the spontaneity of thinking into the sphere of intuition from a renewed Kantian perspective. De Santis, Daniele: Thought, Being, and the Given in Hans Vaihinger's Die Philosophie des Als Ob.

The confrontation of the magisterial Wörterbuch der Ägyptischen Sprache (12 volumes, publ. 1926-1963) and the enormous possibilities for lexicography offered by modern techniques forms the subject of this new volume in Brill's monograph series Probleme der Ägyptologie. It consists of papers offering of course an appreciation of the Wörterbuch, but also thorough contributions highlighting specific lexicographical and linguistic problems, and the new approaches and concepts in these fields. New directions for (Egyptian) lexicography are appearing, profiting from, and combining the solid lexicographical methodologies of the past, and computer-aided innovations of today.

Beiträge aus Forschung und Anwendung – Milena Belosevic: Die Semantik ereignisbasierter Personennamenkomposita im Deutschen Abstract: The paper aims to account for the semantic properties of eventive personal name compounds in German (e.g. Brezel-Bush/Pretzel-Bush). These are compounds where the compound constituents are combined based on the discursive event in which the name bearer has participated. In this regard, the question arises of how the relationship between the compound constituents can be modelled given that the knowledge about the discursive event plays a central role. Starting from the corpus data collected from the German Reference Corpus (DeReKo), the Digital Dictionary of the German Language (DWDS) and Twitter (X), we test the hypothesis that the relationships between the constituents of eventive personal name compounds cannot be captured by existing approaches to the semantics of compounds. Instead we apply two frame semantics approaches to this compound type: an approach based on the German FrameNet and an approach based on Barsalou frames and show how they contribute to the linguistic operationalization of discursive events that underlie the relationship between the constituents. The analysis indicates that well-known advantages and disadvantages of both frame semantic approaches also apply to the eventive personal name compounds. Whereas the limited set of frame elements from the German FrameNet in combination with construction morphology can account for the non-compositional compound meaning, Barsalou-Frames are recursive and therefore provide better evidence for different aspects of knowledge involved in the interpretation of eventive personal name compounds. – Wei Gu: Geburtstagsglückwünsche in digitalen Dialogen: Ein Vergleich zwischen deutschsprachigen WhatsApp- und chinesischen WeChat-Messengernachrichten Abstract: This article is a contrastive study of birthday interactions in German and Chinese on WhatsApp and WeChat, respectively. The congratulatory formulas of both languages are examined, along with communicative and culture-specific phenomena related to written languages and pictograms in digital writing. This article attempts to explain the theoretical basis of general routine formulas and formulaic language, as well as greetings in messenger writing, and linguistic cultural analysis. In addition, the author has conducted an empirical investigation. At the textual level, high-frequency expressions in German and Chinese congratulatory dialogues have been collected quantitatively and presented in two word clouds. Apart from this, concrete acts of communication in both contexts will be analyzed qualitatively. The associated image-related discussion is conducted based on an overview of the general use of image symbols in messenger messages and, in particular, of the 15 emojis that are identified to be most frequently used as non-verbal components of congratulations. This is followed by examples of the use of figurative signs and a qualitative discussion of their culture-specific characteristics. This article also identifies the relationship building in birthday congratulations in Chinese WeChat and German WhatsApp. This research explains the change of the use of emojis and stickers in messenger writing and whether new communication possibilities in messenger messages can be expected in the future. – Judith Kalinowski:'Leichte Sprache'in German as a foreign language: an empirical study about compound separation and pronoun use Abstract:'Leichte Sprache'is a variety of German that is linguistically and structurally reduced in its complexity. It intends to facilitate reading and thus to make it easier for people with poor reading skills to participate in society. The target groups of Leichte Sprache are very heterogeneous, therefore, it is an open question which target groups benefit from which rules of Leichte Sprache.

Die Zahl an Kartellschadensersatzverfahren hat in den letzten Jahren stetig zugenommen. Gleichzeitig sind die Verfahren mit erheblichem Aufwand verbunden und dürften die Gerichte teils noch über Jahre beschäftigen. Der Autor untersucht das geltende Kartellzivil- und Zivilprozessrecht und kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die derzeit bestehenden Instrumente nicht geeignet sind, die Ziele des Kartellrechts zu verwirklichen. Wie der Gesetzgeber im Rahmen der 11. GWB Novelle spricht er sich für eine intensivere Einbindung der Kartellbehörden bei der Aufarbeitung von Kartellschäden aus. Allerdings geht der Gestaltungsvorschlag über eine einfache Abschöpfung von Vorteilen hinaus. Vielmehr begründet er, weshalb die Übernahme der 2017 reformierten strafrechtlichen Einziehung von Taterträgen auch für das Kartellrecht ein geeignetes Modell darstellt. Bei einer Umgestaltung des § 34 GWB nach diesem Vorbild sei eine effektivere und effizientere Kompensation Geschädigter zu erreichen.

Digital platforms like Amazon routinely provide their users with conflict resolution mechanisms for transactions mediated by the platforms. Through these proprietary mechanisms, platforms influence contractual relationships they are not part of. Using specific examples like the Amazon A-to-z Guarantee, this paper delves into the legitimacy of this influence and assesses the extent to which digital platforms must adhere to regulatory requirements in the context of alternative dispute resolution law, both presently (de lege lata) and potentially in the future (de lege ferenda), while taking economic characteristics of digital platforms into consideration.

Human Life in Motion presents for the first time the previously unpublished transcripts of the seminars on Aristotle Martin Heidegger gave in the 1920s. These transcripts reveal much about the evolution of his thought during that time.Detailed student transcripts for these seminars appear among the papers of one of Heidegger's students, Helene Weiss, held today in the Special Collections Department of Stanford University. Analyzing and organizing hundreds of pages of these transcripts written by different students, Francisco Gonzalez brilliantly reconstructs the original seminars. He summarizes what Heidegger presented and claimed in each class. Gonzalez also throws into relief the overarching philosophical significance of the seminars, showing how the different interpretative moves or claims are connected and where they lead, something which in turn requires explicating them in the context of both the Aristotelian texts discussed and Heidegger's own thought during this period.Essential reading for students and scholars of Heidegger or Aristotle, Human Life in Motion is a publishing event that forces a reconsideration of the thought and legacy of both philosophers.

Die Zeit vom 11. bis 15. Jahrhundert wird in der Forschung als lang gestreckter Siegeszug des Papiers in Europa beschrieben. Als Konsens gilt, dass der neue Beschreibstoff angesichts seiner Preisvorteile und der Verfügbarkeit seiner Rohstoffe nicht nur das zuvor dominierende Pergament verdrängte, sondern auch die entscheidende Voraussetzung für den rapiden Anstieg an Schriftlichkeit im Spätmittelalter war. Für diese linearen Fortschrittsthesen fehlen jedoch weitgehend empirische Studien, welche die Ausbreitung des Papiergebrauchs in geographischer wie in sozialer Hinsicht nachvollziehen. Der vorliegende Sammelband thematisiert einerseits die mittelalterliche Papierproduktion und den europaweiten Handel mit der neuen Ware am Beispiel von ausgewählten Mühlenrevieren in Italien, Südwestdeutschland und Belgien. Andererseits rückt er die Frage nach der Papierverwendung und damit zugleich den jahrhundertelangen parallelen Gebrauch des älteren Pergaments ins Zentrum: Die Beiträge fokussieren Fallbeispiele sowohl aus dem Bereich der Administration als auch der Buchkultur. Neue Wege geht der Band mit der interdisziplinären Kooperation von Historikern, Buchwissenschaftlern, Archäologen, Archivaren, Restauratoren und Handpapiermachern.

Die Einführung der Papierherstellung gilt als zentrale Voraussetzung für die Durchsetzung des Papiergebrauchs im spätmittelalterlichen Europa. In weiten Teilen unerforscht ist jedoch, wie sich die Papiermacherei etablierte und wie sich die Papiermacher als Vertreter eines neuen Berufs in die Gesellschaft integrierten. Die Studie untersucht daher den Etablierungsprozess dieses neuen Gewerbes am Beispiel des deutschen Südwestens, der früh erste Papiermühlenreviere im Reich nördlich der Alpen ausbildete. Mit technikhistorischen Aspekten befasst sich der erste Teil. Er beleuchtet die Papierherstellung von der materiellen Seite, indem er danach fragt, welche Spuren in historischen Papieren auf den Produktionsprozess verweisen. Im Fokus des zweiten Teils stehen mit den Papiermühlengründungen in Basel vor allem sozial- und wirtschaftsgeschichtliche Aspekte. Die Fallstudie zu Basel ist in eine Gesamtdarstellung der frühen südwestdeutschen Papiermühlenstandorte eingebettet. Mit der systematischen Auswertung der Quellen bereichert der vorliegende Band zum einen die Papiergeschichtsforschung in Hinblick auf die Anfänge der Papierherstellung im deutschen Raum. Er bietet zum anderen das theoretische Rüstzeug für Materialanalysen von Papier.

Der Einsatz von Cloud-Services birgt neben vielfältigen Vorteilen auch Risiken für die IT-Sicherheit von Unternehmen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Betreiber Kritischer Infrastrukturen, die durch das IT-Sicherheitsgesetz dazu verpflichtet werden, ihre IT besser vor Cyber-Attacken zu schützen. Für ein funktionierendes IT-Risiko- und Sicherheitsmanagement ist daher eine vollständige Identifikation sowie Bewertung der sich aus dem Einsatz von Cloud-Services ergebenden Risiken unerlässlich. Hierzu werden im vorliegenden essential ein Anforderungskatalog an Cloud-Services zur Umsetzung des IT-Sicherheitsgesetzes, ein Framework für das IT-Risikomanagement von Cloud-Services in Kritischen Infrastrukturen sowie Handlungsempfehlungen für Unternehmen präsentiert.Die AutorenMichael Adelmeyer, M.Sc., CISA, ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Fachgebiet für Unternehmensrechnung und Wirtschaftsinformatik (UWI) der Universität Osnabrück. Christopher Petrick, M.Sc., hat Betriebswirtschaftslehre mit den Schwerpunkten Accounting und Management an der Universität Osnabrück studiert. Prof. Dr. Frank Teuteberg ist Leiter des Fachgebiets UWI an der Universität Osnabrück.

Dieses Buch präsentiert den Ertrag des 51. Linguistischen Kolloquiums 2016 in Vilnius (Litauen). Unter dem Rahmenthema «Fremde und eigene Sprachen» behandeln die 31 Beiträge in deutscher und englischer Sprache vor allem Probleme des Sprachvergleichs, des Sprachkontakts, der Mehrsprachigkeit, des Zweitspracherwerbs, der Übersetzung und der zwischensprachlichen Kommunikation vor dem Hintergrund des kulturellen Wandels in Europa. Darüber hinaus kommen auch sich wandelnde Funktionen der Linguistik und pragmatische, lexikalische, semantische und grammatische Phänomene einzelner europäischer Sprachen und ihrer Varietäten in systematischer und historischer Hinsicht zur Sprache.

Unternehmen haben das Innovationspotenzial der eigenen Mitarbeiter auch außerhalb der F&E-Abteilung erkannt und eigene unternehmensinterne Innovations-Communities, auf Basis sog. Enterprise-Social-Software-Plattformen (ESSPs), implementiert. Viele Initiativen scheitern in der Praxis jedoch häufig aufgrund einer fehlenden oder zu geringen Partizipation der Mitarbeiter. Die mit den Maßnahmen erhofften Ziele werden dadurch oft nicht erreicht. In diesem essential werden die wesentlichen Problemfelder der mitarbeiterzentrierten Produktentwicklung beschrieben und Handlungsempfehlungen aus der Praxis aufgezeigt. Die AutorenSebastian Rohmann war wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter sowie Doktorand an der Professur für Anwendungssysteme und E-Business der Universität Göttingen und ist nun als strategischer Projektmanager tätig.Prof. Dr. Matthias Schumann ist Inhaber der Professur für Anwendungssysteme und E-Business an der Universität Göttingen.

Im Zuge der Digitalisierung werden Gestaltung und Management der Digital Customer Experience zunehmend wertvoller. Technologieführer diverser Branchen sind besonders dafür bekannt, digitale Interaktionen zwischen Nutzern, Drittanbietern und weiteren Akteuren erfolgreich zu organisieren. In diesem essential wird die Videospieleplattform Steam mit der Fallstudienmethode untersucht. Basierend auf der Analyse von Steam werden Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet, die auch für Unternehmen in traditionellen Branchen anwendbar sind. Schwerpunkte bilden hierbei die Orientierung von Services und Serviceportfolio an Kundenbedürfnissen, das Management von Konsumententechnologie sowie die Entwicklung von Vertrauen und Loyalität durch Verankerung von Werten und Normen auf einer digitalen Plattform. Die Handlungsempfehlungen werden anschließend in der Automobilbranche, bei TV-Streaminganbietern und anhand einer Plattform für Autoreparaturen beispielhaft illustriert.Der AutorBenjamin Spottke lehrt und forscht am Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik der Universität St. Gallen.

Das Thema Compliance hat in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmende Relevanz gewonnen und ist für große Unternehmen unverzichtbar. Allerdings stellt sich die Frage, wie mittelständische Unternehmen mit dem veränderten Anspruch an Regelkonformität umgehen. Insbesondere der Kosten‐Nutzen‐Aspekt der Implementierung eines Compliance‐Management‐Systems und die Interpretationen in der Praxis der Unternehmen hinsichtlich der Compliance‐Thematik sind aufschlussreich zur Beantwortung der Frage, warum in mittelständischen Unternehmen Skepsis bzw. Ablehnung hinsichtlich der Implementierung von Compliance‐ Management‐Systemen zu überwiegen scheint.

Often depicted as an amateur who practised many trades badly, Xenophon is increasingly seen by a new generation of scholars as an important and distinctive voice on the history, society and thought-world of the later classical and pre-hellenistic era. The 24 papers published here originate from a ground-breaking Liverpool conference held to celebrate and build upon this transformation. Aus dem InhaltE. Badian: Xenophon the Athenian M. Dreher: Der Prozess gegen Xenophon M. Sordi: Senofonte e la Sicilia R. Waterfield: Xenophon's Socratic mission F. Roscalla: Kalokagathia e kaloikagathoi C. Hindley: Xenophon's ethical erotics V. Azoulay: Xenophon, Cyrus and the King's Body T. Petit: Xénophon et la vassalité achéménide H. Bowden: Xenophon and religion R. Brock: Xenophon's political imagery J. Dillery: Xenophon, the military review and Hellenistic pompai J. Lee: The Lochos in Xenophon's Anabasis L. Tritle: Xenophon, Clearchus and PTSD T. Rood: Xenophon and Diodorus: continuing Thucydides E. Rung: Xenophon, the Oxyrhynchus Historian and Timocrates P. Funke: Der Doikismos von Mantineia N. Sterling: Xenophon's Hellenica and the Theban hegemony M. Jehne: Auslassungen in Xenophons Hellenika a.o.

Organisationen sind bereits von der starren Struktur des klassischen Projektmanagements zu agilen Ansätzen übergegangen. Dies gilt auch für Softwareentwicklungsprojekte, die flexibel sein müssen, um schnell auf die Wünsche der Kunden reagieren zu können und um Änderungen zu berücksichtigen, die aufgrund von Architekturentscheidungen erforderlich sind. Nachdem sich die Datenwissenschaft als Eckpfeiler in Organisationen und Unternehmen etabliert hat, ist es nun zwingend erforderlich, diesen entscheidenden Schritt auch für analytische Geschäftsprozesse durchzuführen. Die nicht-deterministische Natur der Datenwissenschaft und die ihr innewohnenden analytischen Aufgaben erfordern einen interaktiven Ansatz für eine evolutionäre, schrittweise Entwicklung zur Realisierung der wichtigsten Geschäftsanwendungen und Anwendungsfälle.Die 3. Internationale Konferenz zur Datenwissenschaft (iDSC 2020) brachte Forscher, Wissenschaftler und Wirtschaftsexperten zusammen, um Möglichkeiten zu erörtern, wie neue Wege zur Umsetzung agiler Ansätze in den verschiedenen Bereichen der Datenwissenschaft, wie maschinelles Lernen und KI, Data Mining oder Visualisierung und Kommunikation, sowie Fallstudien und Best Practices von führenden Forschungseinrichtungen und Wirtschaftsunternehmen etabliert werden können.Der Tagungsband umfasst alle im wissenschaftlichen Track vorgestellten Volltexte und die Kurzbeiträge aus dem studentischen Track.Zu den Themen, die Sie interessieren, gehören unter anderem: Künstliche Intelligenz und Maschinelles Lernen Implementierung von Data-Mining-Prozessen Agile Datenwissenschaft und Visualisierung Fallstudien und Anwendungen für Agile DatenwissenschaftOrganizations have moved already from the rigid structure of classical project management towards the adoption of agile approaches. This holds also true for software development projects,which need to be flexible to adopt to rapid requests of clients as well to reflect changes that are required due to architectural design decisions. With data science having established itself as corner stone within organizations and businesses, it is now imperative to perform this crucial step for analytical business processes as well. The non-deterministic nature of data science and its inherent analytical tasks require an interactive approach towards an evolutionary step-by-step development to realize core essential business applications and use-cases.The 3rd International Data Science Conference (iDSC 2020) brougt together researchers, scientists, and business experts to discuss means of establishing new ways of embracing agile approaches within the various domains of data science, such as machine learning and AI, data mining, or visualization and communication as well as case studies and best-practices from leading research institutions and business companies.The proceedings include all full papers presented in the scientific track and the short papers from the student track.Among the topics of interest are:Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Implementation of data mining processes Agile Data Science and Visualization Case Studies and Applications for Agile Data Science

Examensarbeit aus dem Jahr 2020 im Fachbereich Anglistik - Kultur und Landeskunde, Note: 2,0, Universität Rostock, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The paper aims at providing a deeper understanding of the hooligan scene. Altogether the paper essentially consists of three main parts. The first part provides the theoretical framework to understand the nature of the phenomenon. Here the concept of subculture with its different approaches is introduced and the subcultural meaning of style will be analysed. Furthermore, the issues of class, masculinity and age, which are closely linked to the study of subcultures, will be considered in relation to football hooliganism in England. In the second part I will examine the development of hooliganism in England, starting in the 1960s when football-related violence attracted great public interest for the first time. Subsequently two events which can be seen as a watershed in the history of the English disease, Heysel and Hillsborough, will be analysed not only in terms of their procedure, but especially regarding their impact on football hooliganism. Part three deals with two selected films related to the subject of football hooliganism in England. Firstly, a plot synopsis of Lexi Alexander's “Green Street Hooligans” and Pat Holden's “Awaydays” will be provided. Afterwards, I will analyse specific selected scenes with reference to traces of the subculture that can be found in the films. In the final chapter the main findings will be summarised and the formulated questions will be finally answered.

Originalia: Josefina Budzisch – Ulrike Kahrs (Hamburg): Cardinal directions in Selkup The paper deals with the denotations of the main cardinal points in Selkup, taking all three main dialect groups (Northern, Central and Southern) into account. The naming of cardinal points is not well studied for Selkup, there is a lack of analysis of the underlying semantic structure of the denominations – this study aims at closing that research gap and giving some insights in environmental and cultural factors playing a role in expressing cardinal points. The paper has the following structure: after a brief introduction, the current state of research is presented as well as the data used in the study, the main section deals with the analysis of the underlying structures in denoting south/north and east/west. The findings are summarized in the final section. Sándor Szeverényi – Katalin Sipőcz (Szeged): Formen der direkten und indirekten Redewiedergabe im Nganasanischen und im Mansischen In this paper we examine reported speech constructions in two Uralic languages spoken in Siberia, Nganasan and Mansi. We also examine whether areal - primarily Russian - influence can be found in these structures. Indirect speech report with person shift are rare in the languages studied, but sporadic data can be found in the corpus for this type, too. In Mansi and Nganasan the direct reported speech structure is much more common than indirect. It can be observed that in languages the direct speech structure consisting of two clauses requires a complementizer resulting subordinating clauses. Such complementizers do not exis in these languages, although there are examples in our corpus for the adaption of the Russian conjunction što'that'. In Mansi, in addition to the direct structure we can find indirect type without conjunction, and non-finit structure can be used, too. In Nganasan the reportative evidential serves as an alternative strategy. Denys Teptiuk (Tartu): Quotative indexes in Erzya: a typological overview In this paper, I provide a typological overview of quotative indexes, i.e. linguistic expression(s) encoding the presence of reported speech and thought, in contemporary Erzya. I focus on quotative strategies of different complexity attested in social media texts and classify the constructions according to their morphosyntactic structure and orientation. Furthermore, I take into account the possible connotations arising in the use of concrete strategies, such as the precision of reported discourse vis-à-vis original discourse, the reporter's evaluative connotations concerning reported information and ambiguity in the presentation of speech and thought. The results of this study show that the markers used in Erzya quotative indexes correspond to their uses in other related languages and reflect cross-linguistic tendencies in the use of semantically reportative and non-reportative markers in quotative constructions. Enikő Tóth – Péter Csatár (Debrecen): A comparison of Hungarian focus structures: experimental insights Our paper reports the results of an experiment we conducted to compare Hungarian preverbal focus (PVF) and syntactically unmarked focus (SUF) within the same experimental framework. The aim of the experiment was twofold: (i) to examine whether native speakers give higher ratings for PVF/SUF constructions in exhaustive settings than in non-exhaustive ones, (ii) to test whether the mode of presentation (written vs. auditory clues, no introductory question vs. the presence of an introductory wh-question) influences the ratings. We used a sentence-picture verification task in a relatively rich context. We found no empirical difference between PFV and SUF across the conditions, i.e. SUF might also receive an exhaustive interpretation (Surányi 2011). The results regarding the role of the wh-question are in line with Onea and Beaver's work (2011) on PVF.

Am Beispiel zahlreicher deutsch-jüdischer Autorinnen und Autoren analysieren die Beiträge dieses Bandes aufschlussreiche Briefwechsel, die als Seismograph für gesellschaftliche Prozesse, geistige Bewegungen und geschichtliche Entwicklungen betrachtet werden können. Sie konzentrieren sich auf Inhalt und Form, wobei Gattungsübergänge und die Berührungspunkte zwischen fließenden Genres beleuchtet werden. Die ausgewählten Briefkorpora werden u. a. anhand der folgenden Fragestellungen untersucht: Welche Rolle spielen die Briefe in der Fundierung neuer ästhetischer, literarischer und kultureller Bewegungen? Inwiefern fördern Briefwechsel den literarischen Austausch über kulturelle, sprachliche und religiöse Unterschiede hinaus? Stiften Literaturbriefe transnationale, produktive Verbindungen? The papers of this book appraise the exchanges of letters by German-Jewish authors on the subject of literature. These correspondences can be seen as a seismograph for social processes, intellectual movements and historical developments. The papers analyse the style of the letters and highlight their boundaries to and tangency with other literary genres. The selection is analysed within the framework of these queries: What role are the letters playing in the establishment of new aesthetic, literary and cultural movements? How do correspondences enable literary exchanges to overcome cultural, religious and linguistical differences? Do letters about literature foster transnational, productive connections?

Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2021 im Fachbereich Didaktik für das Fach Englisch - Landeskunde, Note: 1,7, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The title of the paper already indicates what it is about. The micropolitics of Kendrick Lamar are to be analysed. But what exactly does that mean? This paper will look at what micropolitics means to Kendrick Lamar. Does he define his political opinion through his ethnicity? In this paper, political hip hop and rap will be examined in particular. One of the most important rappers of the 21st century will be used for this purpose: Kendrick Lamar. This paper will deal with how Kendrick Lamar reveals his political opinion in his works. What qualifies him for this thesis is, that Kendrick Lamar raps a lot about racism, discrimination and life as a black person in his songs. But not only these topics are dealt with in his songs. The reference to religion is not neglected either. What runs like a thread through all his songs and albums is the marginalisation of black people. Kendrick Lamar sees himself as the voice of the black oppressed society. He gives them his voice and tries to draw attention to various issues. In the following, micropolitics will be first defined and it will be worked out what it means for the culture and what role popular culture plays here. The most important part of this work is to understand how micropolitics can be used to better understand hip hop. This will be elaborated mainly in the second chapter. Furthermore, this thesis will briefly compare micropolitics and politics and work out what part hip hop can play here. At this point, it will be made clear why Kendrick Lamar resorts to politics in his songs and what politics actually means in this case. Once these basics have been clarified, Kendrick Lamar will be briefly introduced in order to better understand the background of his music. Afterwards, his political attitude will be elaborated. This will be done based on his four published studio albums. Furthermore, four different songs, each song from a different album to see his development, will be analysed in detail. A music video will also be subjected to this analysis.

In diesem Open-Access-Buch würdigt die Autorin unterschiedliche Normermittlungstheorien und betrachtet die Rolle von Unternehmen bei der Entwicklung der Regelungen zur Bilanzierung von Mehrkomponentengeschäften nach IFRS 15. Der IFRS-Standardsetzungsprozess ist durch die Teilnahme unterschiedlicher Interessengruppen gekennzeichnet, die auf die Entstehung von Bilanzierungsregeln Einfluss nehmen. Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse werden die Comment Letter von Unternehmen und die Standardentwürfe zu IFRS 15 auf ihre inhaltliche Zielrichtung sowie die verwendete Rhetorik untersucht und die Auswirkungen auf das Standardsetzungsergebnis veranschaulicht.

Beiträge aus Forschung und Anwendung – Nanna Fuhrhop, Niklas Reinken & Jonas Romstadt: Der'modalisierende'Gebrauch von Anführungszeichen in Abiturklausuren Abstract: Quotation marks are substantially used for direct speech and citations. For the'modalizing'use, the Official Rules state that a'different understanding than usual'is indicated; they give very little information on the use of quotation marks beyond literal reference. It therefore seems all the more interesting to investigate the usage of modalizing quotation marks. In the present analysis, we studied the school-leaving examinations of an entire year. School-leaving examinations are texts by persons whose institutional acquisition of written language can be regarded as complete; they are texts written by skilled writers. The investigation takes into account both formal and functional observations. We recognized differences between school subjects that can be interpreted with regard to the concept of educational language. The writers described here showed a high sensitivity (conscious or unconscious) to the use of quotation marks, which we call the'struggle for educational language'. This may be related to the corpus investigated here. However, our study constitutes a solid basis for further corpus studies on quotation marks. – Juliane Schwab, Jutta L. Mueller & Mingya Liu: Dimensions of variation in sentence comprehension: a case study on understating negative polarity items in German Abstract: Despite the rich theoretical and empirical literature on negative polarity items (NPIs) in general, understating NPIs like all that or much have received relatively little attention in psycholinguistics. In this paper, we investigate the comprehension, processing, and production of two such understating NPIs in German, namely'sonderlich'('particularly') and'so recht'('really'). In a first experiment, using self-paced reading and naturalness ratings, we found that'sonderlich', contrary to'so recht', was rated as natural in affirmative contexts although this environment is incompatible with NPIs. The finding is subsequently extended to the domain of sentence production, demonstrating that'so recht'was consistently used as NPI, but'sonderlich'was not. The last two experiments investigate the factors underlying this finding, showing that the surprising patterns for'sonderlich'may relate to its susceptibility for interference from form- and meaning-related lexical competitors during tasks that strain cognitive resources, and, to some extent, to individual differences in participants'language aptitude measured through print exposure. Based on the novel empirical data, we discuss the theoretical status of'sonderlich'and'so recht'as understating NPIs, on the one hand, and the cognitive mechanisms affecting retrieval of their NPI-related lexical-semantic features, on the other. Rezensionen – Sophie Ellsäßer: Magali Paquot & Stefan Th. Gries (Hgg.) (2020): A practical handbook of corpus linguistics – Okan Kubus: Gary Morgan (ed.) (2020): Understanding deafness, language and development – Horst M. Müller: Michael A. Arbib (Hg.) (2020): How the brain got language – towards a new road map Informationen und Hinweise von Klaus Müllner und den Herausgeber•innen

Die HappinessandWork-Scale (HaWoS) ist ein Verfahren, das Bedingungen für Glück bei der Arbeit erfasst. Es handelt sich um ein mehrdimensionales Instrument der Organisationsdiagnostik, das als Ausgangspunkt einer Förderung von Glück im Arbeitskontext dient. Die HAWOS misst das Glücksempfinden der Mitarbeitenden einer Organisation im Arbeitskontext über zwölf Items anhand der drei Faktoren des Arbeitsglücks: Sinnempfinden, Selbstverwirklichung und Gemeinschaftsgefühl. Die Items der HAWOS sind berufsbezogen formuliert, die Entwicklungs- und Validierungsstudien wurden an Personen mit Berufserfahrung durchgeführt. Hintergrund: Für Beschäftigte gewinnt eine erfüllende Arbeit immer mehr an Bedeutung. Die HaWoS setzt mit der Erfassung von glücksförderlichen Bedingungen bei der Arbeit genau dort an. Mit dem validierten HaWoS können Ansatzpunkte für die Gestaltung der Arbeit identifiziert werden und Interventionen evaluiert werden. Die Zielgruppen: Arbeits-, Wirtschafts- und Organisationspsycholog•innen Personalentwickler•innen Personalverantwortliche, Management, Führungskräfte Coaches Organisationsberater•innen EinsatzbereicheDie HaWoS kann im Individual- und im Gruppenkontext angewendet werden. Die HaWoS bildet dabei den Ausgangspunkt für Interventionen oder Entwicklungsprozesse mit dem Ziel einer glücksförderlicheren Arbeitsgestaltung. Die HaWoS kann außerdem in Transformationsprozessen eingesetzt werden, die einen Kulturwandel zu einer sinnhafteren Arbeit zum Ziel haben.Durchführung, Auswertung und Interpretation· Sehr gute Testökonomie: Bearbeitungszeit von max. 5 Minuten· Testdurchführungen erfolgt digital oder „paper-pencil“· Online-Auswertung direkt im Testsystem mit grafischen Ergebnissen auf einem intuitiv nutzbaren Dashboard Gütekriterien· Objektivität ist durch standardisierte Durchführung und Auswertung gewährleistet.· Reliabilität: Mit Werten zwischen =.77 und =.86 im guten Bereich.· Validität: Bestätigung der faktoriellen sowie der konvergenten Validität in mehreren Studien.· Normierung basierend auf einer Normstichprobe von 3353 Personen liegt vor.

The European Neolithic is characterized by a variety of practices for dealing with human remains. In Central European Neolithic studies, the archaeological discourse on humans, bodies and death has traditionally dealt with finds of inhumations. This is not least due to dominant Western conceptions of death involving the deposition of the intact body at one, often delimited, place. Recently, focus has been drawn to the depositions of fragmented and even manipulated human remains, not least through an increasing amount of new archaeological evidence, which challenges traditional archaeological terms, concepts and research practices. The present volume integrates theoretical perspectives on the meaning of the human body and the perception of the transformation from life to death in as much as they can be studied from archaeological finds such as burials and depositions of human remains, with a special focus on Neolithic Central Europe. The collection of papers, the result of a session at a conference in Würzburg 2019, brings together articles with theoretical approaches, as well as contributions which deal with different areas and Neolithic sub-periods, such as the Linear Pottery culture, the Funnel Beaker Culture and the sub-alpine Late Neolithic, and includes prominent find complexes. These are framed by essays that critically examine archaeological research on the handling of death and the dead, and a summary overview of the contributions to the volume.