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This book provides an insightful reference to a range of relevant orthopaedic and neurological surgical techniques for the spine. It features detailed insight into how to approach treating patients exhibiting a wide range of symptoms of a particular disorder, from anatomy to biomechanics and pathology. Detailed explanations of the validity of a chosen treatment methodology are provided as are multiple choice questions to enable the reader to systematically develop a deep understanding of the content covered. MCQs in Spine Surgery details a range of the latest knowledge in spinal surgery and techniques, making it a valuable resource for all medical professionals who treat these patients. The inclusion of multiple choice questions make the work of particular use to those preparing for board examinations too.

This handbook covers the essential subject areas of cutaneous biometrics, including acne, aging, genetics, eczema, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, wound healing, and more. Erythema of rosacea and the risk of skin ulceration associated with oral nicorandil therapy are covered in detail. Various areas of acne are addressed, including acne severity grading, the assessment of general health and quality of life in patients with acne, and the effect of automated online counseling on clinical outcomes and quality of life among adolescents with acne vulgaris. Other topics include the development and validation of a clinical scale for the evaluation of forearm skin photoaging and a scoring system for mucosal disease severity. This is an ideal reference for biomedical engineering researchers and clinicians working in the field of dermatology interested in a deeper understanding of cutaneous biometrics and how it can be applied to their work. This book also: Broadens reader's understanding of the importance of creating meaningful dermatological patient outcome measurements and the use of the physician global assessment in a clinical setting to measure and track patient outcomes Details the guidelines on the measurement of ultraviolet radiation levels in ultraviolet phototherapy

The slow violence being inflicted on our environment—through everything from carbon emissions to plastic pollution—also represents an impending public health catastrophe. Yet standard health care practices are more concerned with short-term outcomes than long-term sustainability. Every resource used to deliver medical care, from IV tubes to antibiotics to electricity, has a significant environmental impact. This raises an urgent ethical dilemma: in striving to improve the health outcomes of individual patients, are we damaging human health on a global scale? In Dying Green, award-winning educator Christine Vatovec offers an engaging study that asks us to consider the broader environmental sustainability of health care. Through a comparative analysis of the care provided to terminally ill patients in a conventional cancer ward, a palliative care unit, and an acute-care hospice facility, she shows how decisions made at a patient's bedside govern the environmental footprint of the healthcare industry. Likewise, Dying Green offers insights on the many opportunities that exist for reducing the ecological impacts of medical practices in general, while also enhancing care for the dying in particular. By envisioning a more sustainable approach to care, this book offers a way forward that is better for both patients and the planet.

This book describes translational cancer therapeutics and the way forward from clinical and molecular diagnosis to treatment. In addition, genomics alterations, microRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs translate precision medicine for the individualistic therapy of cancer patients. It describes the involvement of various pharmacogenetic factors in pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic (PD/PK) modulations of medicines. Indeed, the role of bioinformatics and biostatistics, considering the extensive data analysis serving precision medicine approaches, has also been entertained in the present book. Therefore, intended book demonstrates the successful medical evidence for the use of precision medicine in the treatment of cancer and its future clinical perspectives. It fills the gaps in cancer biology and precision medicine with its up-to-date content and well-designed chapters. It will serve as a valuable resource for science, medical students, and interdisciplinary researchers. It is a very welcome addition for the scientific community, research centers, and university-industry research collaborators to find out a complete capsular package about cancer drug targets, precision, and personalized medicine (including an introduction to cancer cell signaling, genomic alterations, miRNA targeting, pharmacogenetics, biomarkers, and metabolomics in precision medicine, etc.) at a single platform.

Quality of life is an important outcome when treating a cancer patient. Research is vast on the role of quality of life on patients'general wellbeing, responsiveness to treatment, and even mortality. On the other hand, there are several methodological considerations when planning to measure and assess quality of life in cancer patients. This handbook – with authorship that is diverse in terms of perspectives, countries, and fields – aims to fill a gap in the available literature and responds to a number of questions in its 26 chapters:What is quality of life and health-related quality of life and why are they important?How is quality of life assessed?What are the theoretical and methodological considerations when using quality of life outcomes in cancer research?How is quality of life useful in routine clinical care?How is quality of life impacting different cancer populations in terms of site of the cancer, age, gender, and context?Handbook of Quality of Life in Cancer is a learning and consulting tool that can be used by a diverse audience. It is an essential resource for researchers who wish to use quality of life assessment tools in clinical trials or other types of studies; clinicians who want to develop their understanding of how they can utilize quality of life and how it is important for the patients they care for; and commissioners who wish to see why quality of life may impact population health and health system costs. Students in diverse fields of study (medicine, nursing, psychology, social work, medical sociology, population health, epidemiology, and medical statistics, among others) also would benefit from using the handbook for their studies and for their continuing professional development.

Offering a step-by-step, practical approach to this commonly performed cosmetic procedure, Procedures in Cosmetic Dermatology: Botulinum Toxin, 5th Edition, enables you to master the up-to-date cosmetic techniques that produce the superior results your patients expect. Edited by expert clinicians Drs. Alastair Carruthers and Jean Carruthers, along with Jeffrey S. Dover, Murad Alam, and Omar Ibrahim, it covers the science behind these neuromodulators and their usage areas in cosmetic dermatology, as well as the latest treatment options—all abundantly illustrated and evidence based. A substantial video library demonstrating injection techniques helps you successfully incorporate the latest procedures into your practice. - Provides complete, clear descriptions and rationales for injection placement for facial and neck rejuvenation and hyperhidrosis, including difficult areas like eyebrow shaping and treatment of masseter hypertrophy. - Covers new developments in the field including new treatment sites, new methods of using the toxins, an upcoming topical toxin, and new longer-acting and shorter-onset, shorter-lasting toxins. - Features high-quality images and 25 new videos demonstrating exactly how to perform injection techniques. - Addresses the differences in doses and particular characteristics among different botulinum toxin preparations in every chapter. - Includes procedural how-to's, step-by-step advice on proper techniques, case studies, contraindications and managing complications, and pearls and pitfalls. - An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. - If you encounter issues with your eBook please contact Elsevier eBook+ support via textbookscom.support@elsevier.com. Other recent titles in the Procedures in Cosmetic Dermatology Series: - Soft Tissue Augmentation, 5th Edition [9780323830751] - Lasers, Lights, and Energy Devices, 5th Edition [9780323829052] - Hair Restoration [9780323829212] - Cosmetic Procedures in Skin of Color [9780323831444]

Applications of Nanotechnology in Cancer Chemotherapy offers a complete and concise summary of nanotechnological interventions for cancer management. It highlights the basics of oncology, the cancer microenvironment, targets for active drug delivery, the underlying mechanisms and molecular pathways to enhance the drug delivery to the cancer site. The book discusses the principles of basic and innovative nanocarrier-based therapeutic approaches to modulate the progression of the disease. In addition, this book also explores the evolving targeting approaches specific to the cancer site and type. The scope of the book is not limited to targeted drug delivery for various cancers, but also explores the advancements in cancer imaging and diagnostics employing the nanotechnological tools. Emphasis has been given on the important evaluation techniques like in-vitro cell culture and in-vivo animal models to assess the performance of cancer nanomedicines. The book includes clinical study reports of various drug moieties explored using variety of nanoconstructs in myriad cancer conditions with the input of global market and pharmacoeconomics. - Discusses how organic and inorganic nanoplatforms are being used in cancer treatment - Shows how nanotechnology is being used to create new and more accurate diagnostic tools - Surveys the current generation of cancer nanomedicines, assessing their advantages and challenges

Robotic spine surgery is one of the fastest growing segments of the spine surgery market. Surgeons specialising in spine surgery are highly motivated to learn and improve their understanding of the indications,application,and future clinical scope of using new technological platforms. Spinal surgeons face time pressures but are hungry for new ways to effectively treat patients. This book presents information in the case study format. By using examples of surgical cases of an advanced nature (e.g. spinal deformity, minimally invasive surgery, combinatorial technology using the robot) this will differ from other texts. Each case study is written by a well-respected expert in the field and represents that surgeon's most monumental case. Each case contains a concise patient history with indications, contraindications and insights to help the reader assimilate expert knowledge. The case studies examine both the unique and technical aspects of robotic planning and surgical execution, and include seminal bullet point sections: Key take away points; Tips and pearls to avoid pitfalls; and'how I could have done this better.” This new text provides valuable and practical knowledge for spine surgeons and others involved in robotic surgery.

This fourth edition provides a detailed overview of the mechanisms, side effects, and administration of myriad treatments to assist clinicians in providing comprehensive care to patients with cancer.

Nanotechnology for Oral Drug Delivery: From Concept to Applications discusses the current challenges of oral drug delivery, broadly revising the different physicochemical barriers faced by nanotechnolgy-based oral drug delivery systems, and highlighting the challenges of improving intestinal permeability and drug absorption. Oral delivery is the most widely used form of drug administration due to ease of ingestion, cost effectiveness, and versatility, by allowing for the accommodation of different types of drugs, having the highest patient compliance. In this book, a comprehensive overview of the most promising and up-to-date engineered and surface functionalized drug carrier systems, as well as opportunities for the development of novel and robust delivery platforms for oral drug administration are discussed. The relevance of controlling the physicochemical properties of the developed particle formulations, from size and shape to drug release profile are broadly reviewed. Advances in both in vitro and in vivo scenarios are discussed, focusing on the possibilities to study the biological-material interface. The industrial perspective on the production of nanotechnology-based oral drug delivery systems is also covered. Nanotechnology for Oral Drug Delivery: From Concept to Applications is essential reading for researchers, professors, advanced students and industry professionals working in the development, manufacturing and/or commercialization of nanotechnology-based systems for oral drug delivery, targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release, materials science and biomaterials, in vitro and in vivo testing of potential oral drug delivery technologies. - Highlights the relevance of oral drug delivery in the clinical setting - Covers the most recent advances in the field of nanotechnology for oral drug delivery - Provides the scientific community with data that can facilitate and guide their research

Therapeutic enzymes exhibit fascinating features and opportunities, and represent a significant and promising subcategory of modern biopharmaceuticals for the treatment of several severe diseases. Research and drug developments efforts and the advancements in biotechnology over the past twenty years have greatly assisted the introduction of efficient and safe enzyme-based therapies for a range of both rare and common disorders. The introduction and regulatory approval of twenty different recombinant enzymes has enabled effective enzyme-replacement therapy. This volume aims to overview these therapeutic enzymes, focusing in particular on more recently approved enzymes produced by recombinant DNA technology. This volume is composed of four sections. Section 1 provides an overview of the production process and biochemical characterization of therapeutic enzymes, while Section 2 focuses upon the engineering strategies and delivery methods of therapeutic enzymes. Section 3 highlights the clinical applications of approved therapeutic enzymes, including aspects on their structure, indications and mechanisms of action. Together with information on these mechanisms, safety and immunogenicity issues and various adverse events of the recombinant enzymes used for therapy are discussed. Section 4, provides discussion on the prospective and future developments of new therapeutic enzymes. This book is aimed at academics, researchers and students undertaking advanced undergraduate/postgraduate programs in the biopharmaceutical/biotechnology area who wish to gain a comprehensive understanding of enzyme-based therapeutic molecules.

This book is dedicated to the issue of animal metaphor together with its intricacies and internal complexity. Its main objective is to present a unified picture of the role animal terms have played in the shape of English and other natural languages. The author addresses such aspects of animal metaphor as the problem of animal names used as surnames, so-called verbal and adjectival zoosemy, or the use of names of animal body parts with reference to people. The cognitively-oriented analysis is carried out in terms of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, which is capable of accounting for semantic change in a panchronic perspective. The results show that virtually any facet of humanity, which is beyond the norm, may be viewed, perceived, conceived of and expressed in animal terms.