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The aim of this book is to provide practical advice and awareness of health management and disease control in sea bass and sea bream, the most widely farmed fish in the Mediterranean region. The prevention and control of the main pathologies affecting intensively cultured marine fish species are of paramount importance. Farmed sea bass and sea bream are high-value fish, making significant contributions to the economies of many countries. This important book gives particular emphasis to rapid diagnosis and response to the most dangerous pathologies, which can cause severe economic losses in affected fish farms. Key features of the book Sea Bass and Sea Bream include: - a clear layout and practical approach, easy to understand and implement; - colour photographs of the main diseases and parasites affecting sea bass and sea bream; and - a combination of the authors'wide field-based experience in the diagnosis of fish diseases, with knowledge from a major fish diseases reference laboratory. This book is an essential purchase for fish farm operatives and managers, veterinarians, fish health managers and inspectors, consultants, fish pathologists, microbiologists and parasitologists. Personnel within companies supplying the aquaculture industry with pharmaceuticals and vaccines, feed, and technical equipment will find a wealth of useful information within this book. Libraries in all universities and establishments teaching and researching aquaculture, veterinary studies, fish biology, microbiology, pathology and parasitology should have copies of this important book on their shelves.

This book uses Māori Kaupapa (a Māori approach, practice) to provide unique insights toward the anthropological understanding of power and place in Heretaunga, New Zealand. It examines the power of Māori leaders and ancient and modern archaeological and historical landscapes over the past six centuries. It highlights Māori warfare, characterized by impressive fortifications known as pā. Severe impacts of the colonial period are also discussed, including demographic calamity, changes in settlement pattern, and the innovative ways that Māori leaders sought to navigate the last half of the nineteenth century. Recent history and modern issues are examined as well, particularly the rise of tribal self-government. Importantly, the roles of female leaders are examined for each period. This book will be of interest across many disciplines for those interested in conflict and warfare, complex pre-state level societies, colonialism, power and women, and indigenous adaptions to globalization.

First published in 1956, World Sea Fisheries gives a general survey of the sea fisheries of the world. It assesses their relative importance at a time when the growing world population placed an increasing strain on food supplies. It examines the forces which mould the character of sea fisheries in any region. As the book attempts to explain the basic reasons for their varying characters, its regional section is preceded by sections dealing with the physical factors affecting fisheries, and with fishing techniques and craft. The author gives chief attention to certain essential features of an area by giving the reader a more accessible source of important figures and isolating most significant features and trends from the mass of detailed and complex statistics provided by many countries. The volume also contains several maps. It will be a fascinating read for students and researchers of economic geography and general readers interested in the topic as it gives a rare glimpse into the fishing industry that existed almost seventy years ago.

Excerpt:'The scope of the present work is to give in a concise form an account of the principal facts relating to the structure, classification, and life-history of Fishes. It is intended to meet the requirements of those who are desirous of studying the elements of Ichthyology; to serve as a book of reference to zoologists generally; and, finally, to supply those who, like travellers, have frequent opportunities of observing fishes, with a ready means of obtaining information. The article on “Ichthyology,” prepared by the late Sir J. Richardson for the eighth edition of the “Encyclopædia Britannica,” is the only publication which has hitherto partly satisfied such requirements; and when I undertook, some years ago, to revise, or rather rewrite that article for the new edition of that work, it occurred to me that I might at the same time prepare a Handbook of Ichthyology, whilst reserving for the article an abstract so condensed as to be adapted for the wants of the general reader.'

Centuries ago, when penguins were first encountered by European explorers, they were not thought to be birds but rather a fish-like relative. Subsequent accumulation of knowledge has shown penguins to be an avian species with unrivaled aquatic attributes, owing to a number of evolutionary adaptations: shape change, low drag, ability to regulate buoyancy, and extraordinary surface compliancy from their featheration. They are indeed the most extremely specialized diving bird, having given up flight (which otherwise is hugely advantageous) to the benefit of underwater prowess (such as speed, maneuverability and an ability to exploit an extraordinary range of depths). This flightlessness, however, also comes with costs that are substantial for a seabird (such as the inability to cover large distances quickly in reaction to ephemeral prey); and the energy needed to cope with moving through an aqueous environment, which is more resistant than air. For penguins, the high energetic costs inexploiting the ocean environment thus makes them especially sensitive to changes in food availability or their access to their prey. While a number of “penguin books” cover the natural history, mainly of breeding aspects, few address in much detail the incredible aquatic nature of these creatures. A huge amount of information has been amassed over recent past decades thanks to dramatic advances in microelectronics, bio-logging and maturation of some long-term studies of penguin life history. This work represents an integration of all these data with charts, maps and graphs, along with richly illustrated photos by experts in the field.

Water is an indispensable resource for our society. Essential to sustaining life and economic prosperity, water is also the basic component for manufacturing almost everything to keep society alive, including energy, food, clothing, cars, and electronics, among many other examples. It is, thus, an integral part of our lives beyond simply quenching our thirst. In addition, our future economy and security highly depend upon the availability of clean water. Yet given its critical importance, there is a limited supply of renewable freshwater across the globe and there is no substitute. Global population and economic growth, urbanization, and climate change further exacerbate the increasing stress on freshwater supplies. As such, society urgently needs to find the scientific and engineering solutions to more efficiently manage our precious water resources. The volumes of this multi-volume reference cover the latest scientific advancements and solutions in managing and treating this crucial resource.Related Link(s)

The book presents chapters from world leaders on water desalination advances with respect to processes, separations materials, and energy and environmental considerations. It provides a balanced discussion of the mature and newer desalination technologies and provides a fundamental assessment of the potential of emerging approaches. Realistic assessments for the feasibility of energy extraction from salinity gradients, desalting high salinity source water, membrane distillation, capacitive deionization, are among the topics discussed. Also, among the topics discussed in the book are recent advances in the desalination application of nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, and surface structuring of membranes.

This book provides an integrated view of Atlantic coastal Patagonian ecosystems, including the physical environment, biodiversity and the main ecological processes, together with their derived ecosystem services and anthropogenic impacts. It focuses on the key components of the aquatic ecosystem, covering the lower levels (plankton) to the top predators like large mammals and birds, before turning to human beings as consumers and shapers of coastal marine resources. The book then presents an overview of how organisms that constitute the aquatic food webs have changed through time and how they likely will soon change due to global change processes and anthropogenic pressures. In this regard it offers a wealth of information such as long-term patterns in physical / atmospheric processes, biodiversity and the distribution of marine organisms, as well as the results of experimental studies designed to understand their responses under future scenarios shaped by both climate change and anthropogenic pressures. The book also covers various aspects of the past, present and potential future relationship of human beings with Patagonian coastal environments, including the utilization of sea products, tourism, and growth of cities.

A fully updated new edition of the most complete guide to the veterinary assistant curriculum The newly revised Second Edition of Textbook for the Veterinary Assistant delivers a complete exploration of the veterinary assisting curriculum and acts as a comprehensive text for students and instructors. The book discusses all aspects of the curriculum approved by the National Association of Veterinary Technicians in America. The book is thoroughly updated to reflect cutting-edge advances in veterinary practice and includes a new chapter on laboratory considerations and an updated chapter on avian and exotics covering popular exotic pets. Readers get access to an expanded companion website that offers teaching PowerPoints, homework assignments, self-assessment tests and quizzes, multiple-choice questions, teaching activities, breed study guides, and instructional video clips. Textbook for the Veterinary Assistant also includes: A thorough introduction to medical terminology for veterinary assistants, including prefixes, suffixes, and common abbreviations used in veterinary medicine Comprehensive explorations of veterinary anatomy, including anatomical directional terms and all relevant anatomical systems Practical discussions of the behavior, handling, and restraint of animals, including explorations of animal body language In-depth examinations of animal nutrition, including discussions of weight management, body condition scoring, and food assessment Textbook for the Veterinary Assistant is the ideal resource for veterinary assistant students and veterinary assistants studying for the NAVTA Approved Veterinary Assistant exam, as well as practicing veterinary assistants seeking a one-stop resource that includes up-to-date information on topics such as restraint, behavior, nutrition, anatomy, and laboratory considerations. It is also useful for veterinary technology students in introductory courses.

This 12 volume encyclopedia contains 160 chapters covering a broad range of topics related to marine biology.

The second volume in the Fauna Malesiana book series gives an extensive overview of the larval development of 124 families of fishes, many of them of importance for both fishery and from ecological perspectives. The families that are described originate from the center of global marine biodiversity: the tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans, a region rich in coral reefs, as well as mangrove, estuarine, and coastal shelf habitats. The identification guide not only documents the ontogeny of these fishes but also provides the means to identify these extraordinarily diverse larvae to the level of family. The book offers a wealth of instructive and detailed figures and illustrations (219 plates, each consisting of approximately 4 figures) for enabling the identification of these families and their larval specialization.

Using R for Modelling and Quantitative Methods in Fisheries has evolved and been adapted from an earlier book by the same author and provides a detailed introduction to analytical methods commonly used by fishery scientists, ecologists, and advanced students using the open-source software R as a programming tool. Some knowledge of R is assumed, as this is a book about using R, but an introduction to the development and working of functions, and how one can explore the contents of R functions and packages, is provided. The example analyses proceed step-by-step using code listed in the book and from the book's companion R package, MQMF, available from GitHub and the standard archive, CRAN. The examples are designed to be simple to modify so the reader can quickly adapt the methods described to use with their own data. A primary aim of the book is to be a useful resource to natural resource practitioners and students.Featured Chapters: Model Parameter Estimation provides a detailed explanation of the requirements and steps involved in fitting models to data, using R and, mainly, maximum likelihood methods. On Uncertainty uses R to implement bootstrapping, likelihood profiles, asymptotic errors, and Bayesian posteriors to characterize any uncertainty in an analysis. The use of the Monte Carlo Markov Chain methodology is examined in some detail. Surplus Production Models applies all the methods examined in the earlier parts of the book to conducting a stock assessment. This included fitting alternative models to the available data, characterizing the uncertainty in different ways, and projecting the optimum models forward in time as the basis for providing useful management advice.

Fifteen years have passed since the 3rd edition of Antimicrobials in Food was published. It was arguably considered the'must-have'reference for those needing information on chemical antimicrobials used in foods. In the years since the last edition, the food industry has undergone radical transformations because of changes on several fronts. Reported consumer demands for the use of'natural'and'clean-label'antimicrobials have increased significantly. The discovery of new foodborne pathogen niches and potentially hazardous foods, along with a critical need to reduce food spoilage waste, has increased the need for suitable antimicrobial compounds or systems. Novel natural antimicrobials continue to be discovered, and new research has been carried out on traditional compounds. These and other related issues led the editors to develop the 4th edition of Antimicrobials in Food.In the 4th edition, the editors have compiled contemporary topics with information synthesized from internationally recognized authorities in their fields. In addition to updated information, new chapters have been added in this latest release with content on the use of bacteriophages, lauric arginate ester, and various systems for antimicrobial encapsulation and delivery. Comprehensive revisions of landmark chapters in previous editions including naturally occurring antimicrobials from both animal and plant sources, methods for determining antimicrobial activity, new approaches to multifactorial food preservation or'hurdle technology,'and mechanisms of action, resistance, and stress adaptation are included. Complementing these topics is new information on quantifying the capability of'clean'antimicrobials for food preservation when compared to traditional food preservatives and industry considerations when antimicrobials are evaluated for use in food manufacture.Features Covers all food antimicrobials, natural and synthetic, with the latest research on each type Contains 5,000+ references on every conceivable food antimicrobial Guides in the selection of appropriate additives for specific food products Includes innovations in antimicrobial delivery technologies and the use of multifactorial food preservation with antimicrobials

The Juan Fernández Archipelago is located in the Pacific Ocean west of Chile at 33° S latitude. Robinson Crusoe Island is 667 km from the continent and approximately four million years old; Alejandro Selkirk Island is an additional 181 km west and only one million years old. The natural impacts of subsidence and erosion have shaped the landscapes of these islands, resulting in progressive changes to their subtropical vegetation. The older island has undergone more substantial changes, due to both natural causes and human impacts. After the discovery of Robinson Crusoe Island in 1574, people began cutting down forests for lumber to construct boats and homes, for firewood, and to make room for pastures. Domesticated plants and animals were introduced, some of which have since become feral or invasive, causing damage to the local vegetation. The wealth of historical records on these activities provides a detailed chronicle of how human beings use their environment for survival in a newecosystem. This book offers an excellent case study on the impacts that people can have on the resources of an oceanic island.

All food products possess their own characteristic microbiology. Nevertheless, out of all the fodder commodities, seafood is considered to have the most complex and diverse microbiology. In contrast to poultry or meat products where a few living species are categorized in each group, the term seafood covers hundreds of species and genera. This book offers a comprehensive investigation of microbiological safety and quality concerns of seafood. The detailed analysis of seafood products in different stages is presented in the book including harvest stage, processing stage and consumption stage. Most of the chapters in the book are comprehensively written based on latest data. An intensive effort has been made to integrate discussions on matters that are both timeless and timely. There are eight chapters in the book in which some of the topics are not essentially'microbiological'in nature; however, these topic are key to any meaningful information on seafood safety; these may include: Parasites, Thermal Processing, De¬puration, and Natural Toxins. This book interprets seafood microbiology and seafood industry from the standpoints of processing influences and environ¬mental influences. It will serve as an impetus for prospective research in these two areas of food industry, and bring the paradigms of safety and quality into effect.

The book is an attempt to address the important facts and figures relating to climate change impacts on water security: a. Climate change impacts on water resources; b. Climate change impacts on water related diseases; c. Climate change impacts on water dependent biodiversity and ecosystems; d. Climate change adaptation and mitigation measures for water security; and e. Climate change and greenhouse gas emissions from water sector. • Climate change is an additional stress on water security in addition to other chemical and biological stressors. • Rivers depending on the Himalayan glaciers (the Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra) could face water shortages or reduced river run-off due to retreat of glaciers, and this would cause dramatic impact on drinking water supplies, biodiversity, hydropower generation, industry, agriculture, ecosystems on which about 2.4 billion people in Asia depends. • As a consequence of drought, the annual stream flow in the Murray-Darling basin (Australia) is projected to fall by 10-25% by 2050 and 16-48% by 2100 which would have severe consequences on irrigated agriculture in the region. • Rise of water temperatures may enhance proliferation of harmful algae (some of algae produce toxins), causing water quality problems for recreational activities, fisheries/fish farming, irrigation, and drinking and seafood contamination with algal toxins. • Global warming is projected to increase river water temperatures in a number of countries including the USA (the Mississippi, Colorado, and Mackenzie basins), Europe (the Rhine, Danube, and Rhone basins), eastern China (the Yangtze), and Australia (the Murray-Darling). • Sea-level rise (SLR) will cause salinization of coastal groundwater resources, and may damage or destroy many coastal ecosystems including wetlands, salt marshes, and may cause saline water intrusion in agriculture and freshwater aquaculture facilities, a shift in community composition of mangrove forests, etc. • It is projected that a 1°C rise of temperature in the future can increase the initial relative risks of cholera by 15 to 29 percent. Both rise of temperature and sea-level may enhance dengue and malaria. • To adapt to climate change, we need increasing storage capacity, rainwater harvesting, improvement of water use efficiency, desalination of seawater, water savings, mandatory rainwater tanks in new and old buildings, use of recycled/reclaimed water, virtual water trade, improvements in irrigation efficiency, modification of irrigation techniques, reducing leakage of irrigation pipes, selection of climate resilient crops to save scarcity of water resources. • Water processes (abstraction, treatment, end use and wastewater treatment) do emit Greenhouse gases (GHG). In irrigation, pumping of water is the most energy-demanding process and consequently causes more GHG emissions (CO2). Dams/reservoirs emit GHGs such as methane. • The most effective way to decrease carbon footprint in water sectors is to use low carbon emitting fuels such as, renewable energy (solar, wind or nuclear). Ecological toilet may be promoted to reduce GHG emissions from septic tanks in developing countries. • Stopping or slowing deforestation, forest degradation and sustainable management of forests may significantly contribute to avoid GHG emissions, may conserve water resources and prevent flooding, reduce run-off, control erosion, reduce siltation of rivers, and protect fisheries and preserve biodiversity. • Mangrove ecosystems can play an important role in the protection of the coast from the natural disasters (cyclones, tsunamis) and could act as a barrier (live seawalls) against disasters and help minimize damage to property and life.

The opening chapter describes the characteristics, challenges and opportunities pertaining to the Strait of Hormuz and reviews the present and future conditions of the marine environment in the region. Next, the authors analyze phytoplankton chlorophyll-a data obtained on 27 oceanographic cruises in the southern Gulf of Mexico between 1979 and 2000. Four cruises were selected to report variations of chlorophyll-a associated with hydrographic conditions (temperature and salinity) in surface waters, one in April 1983 and three in different seasons in 1987. Data on the abundances of >105 cells/L of the non-toxic benthic-planktonic widely distributed ubiquitous pennate diatom Cylindrotheca closterium as a causative agent of harmful algal blooms in the coastal waters of the northern Yucatan Peninsula, with an emphasis on four marinas, are presented in the following chapter. Following this, studies are presented wherein it is shown that substrate type, species diversity, stem and root density, predator, seasons, and mate display activity affect the zonal and spatial distribution as well as the diameter of a burrow in semi-terrestrial crabs. The authors go on to highlight the applications of the most active compounds present in marine macroalgae known as polyphenols, as well as their isolation using green extraction methods. Their bioactive properties are reviewed and their potential for health improvement is evaluated. The penultimate chapter focuses on tributyltin, a toxic compound with broad-spectrum activity toward diverse marine species, and how it affects marine environments. The closing chapter examines the several molecular methods which have been evaluated for species identification, phylogenetic analyses, and determining the population structure of Thunnus.

Admired all over the world and loved by locals for its natural beauty, Sydney Harbour is enjoyed by thousands of people every day. But rarely do we look below the surface where, beneath all the hustle and bustle, lively communities go about their business. With underwater forests and gardens, hundreds of species of fish and thousands of invertebrates, Sydney is as colourful and diverse below the water as it is above! Underwater Sydney celebrates Sydney's incredible harbour and coast through eclectic stories and stunning underwater photography. It also explores the challenges the harbour is facing today after more than 200 years of coastal development and the role that marine science plays in maintaining the harbour's health. Underwater Sydney will open your eyes to the rich marine life that makes the Sydney estuary and coast so special.

This book explores how we can solve the urgent problem of optimizing the use of variable, uncertain but finite fisheries resources while maintaining sustainability from a marine-ecosystem conservation perspective. It offers readers a broad understanding of the current methods and theory for sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources, and introduces recent findings and technological developments. The book is divided into three parts: Part I discusses fish stock dynamics, and illustrates how ecological processes affecting life cycles and biological interactions in marine environments lead to fish stock variability in space and time in major fish groups; small pelagic fish, demersal fish and large predatory fish. These insights shed light on the mechanisms underlying the variability in fish stocks and form the essential biological basis for fisheries management. Part II addresses the technologies and systems that monitor changes in fisheries resources and marine ecosystems using two approaches: fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data. It also describes acoustic surveys and biological sampling, as well as stock assessment methods. Part III examines management models for effectively assessing the natural variability in fisheries resources. The authors explore ways of determining the allowable catch in response to changes in stock abundance and how to incorporate ecological processes and monitoring procedures into management models. This book offers readers a broad understanding of sustainable exploitation as well as insights into fisheries management for the next generation.

This book is about important relevant recent research topics in sustainable aquaculture practices. A critical assessment of the sustainable fishing methods and the aspect of sustainable aquaculture feed is presented in this volume. A special focus has been given to socio-economic and environmental assessment of aquaculture practices and analysis of carbon footprint under an intensive aquaculture regime. Aquaponics as a niche for sustainable modern aquaculture has been highlighted. The effect of use of pharmaceuticals to prevent fish disease on the surrounding marine environment is an emerging area of concern, and a critical discussion on this aspect is included in the book. The spread of organic waste and nutrients released by fish farms to natural water bodies has raised considerable concerns. Therefore the methods to prevent their dispersion and removal (treatment) have been comprehensively covered in this book. This book is an essential read for academician, researchers, and policy makers in the field of aquaculture.

After long voyages, hungry crews needed to be fed. On board every ship were the keen fishermen,, catching fish to eat, but also ready with a great fish tale. On some voyages there were the resident naturalists and artists, recording, sketching and painting each new species found – some familiar, some completely alien. For tens of thousands of years Aboriginal people had been fishing these waters with spears, hooks, nets and traps, and gathering shellfish from the beaches, rocks and reefs. These activities were of considerable interest to the early mariners and were recorded in the same journals and diaries, so by these direct links we learn how the original inhabitants of this land fished at the time of first contact.

This book presents a broad overview of pollution issues facing climatic, economic, and legal globalization. Topics include changes in oceans from ancient times to the present, the importance of marine currents and changing climates, marine pollution linked to climate change (fossil fuels, global carbon dioxide, heavy metals, pesticides, plastics, emerging pollutants, and marine debris), global shipping and species invasion, global climate change in the Arctic and Antarctic environments, and regulatory responses to mitigate pollution and climate change in oceans.

The Hawkesbury River is the longest coastal river in New South Wales. A vital source of water and food, it has a long Aboriginal history and was critical for the survival of the early British colony at Sydney. The Hawkesbury's weathered shores, cliffs and fertile plains have inspired generations of artists. It is surrounded by an unparalleled mosaic of national parks, including the second-oldest national park in Australia, Ku-ring-gai National Park. Although it lies only 35 km north of Sydney, to many today the Hawkesbury is a ‘hidden river'– its historical and natural significance not understood or appreciated. Until now, the Hawkesbury has lacked an up-to-date and comprehensive book describing how and when the river formed, how it functions ecologically, how it has influenced humans and their patterns of settlement and, in turn, how it has been affected by those settlements and their people. The Hawkesbury River: A Social and Natural History fills this gap. With chapters on the geography, geology, hydrology and ecology of the river through to discussion of its use by Aboriginal and European people and its role in transport, defence and culture, this highly readable and richly illustrated book paints a picture of a landscape worthy of protection and conservation. It will be of value to those who live, visit or work in the region, those interested in Australian environmental history, and professionals in biology, natural resource management and education.

The Handbook of Australasian Biogeography is the most comprehensive overview of the biogeography of Australasian plants, fungi and animal taxa in a single volume. This volume is unique in its coverage of marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and subterranean taxa. It is an essential publication for anyone studying or researching Australasian biogeography. The book contains biogeographic reviews of all major plant, animal and fungal groups in Australasia by experts in the field, including a strong emphasis on invertebrates, algae, fungi and subterranean taxa. It discusses how Australasia is different from the rest of the world and what other areas share its history and biota.

The first comprehensive review of the current and future effects of climate change on the world's fisheries and aquaculture operations The first book of its kind, Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture explores the impacts of climate change on global fisheries resources and on marine aquaculture. It also offers expert suggestions on possible adaptations to reduce those impacts. The world's climate is changing more rapidly than scientists had envisioned just a few years ago, and the potential impact of climate change on world food production is quite alarming. Nowhere is the sense of alarm more keenly felt than among those who study the warming of the world's oceans. Evidence of the dire effects of climate change on fisheries and fish farming has now mounted to such an extent that the need for a book such as this has become urgent. A landmark publication devoted exclusively to how climate change is affecting and is likely to affect commercially vital fisheries and aquaculture operations globally, Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture provides scientists and fishery managers with a summary of and reference point for information on the subject which has been gathered thus far. Covers an array of critical topics and assesses reviews of climate change impacts on fisheries and aquaculture from many countries, including Japan, Mexico, South Africa, Australia, Chile, US, UK, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, India and others Features chapters on the effects of climate change on pelagic species, cod, lobsters, plankton, macroalgae, seagrasses and coral reefs Reviews the spread of diseases, economic and social impacts, marine aquaculture and adaptation in aquaculture under climate change Includes special reports on the Antarctic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, the Arctic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea Extensive references throughout the book make this volume both a comprehensive text for general study and a reference/guide to further research for fisheries scientists, fisheries managers, aquaculture personnel, climate change specialists, aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate biologists, physiologists, marine biologists, economists, environmentalist biologists and planners.

Algae Based Polymers, Blends, and Composites: Chemistry, Biotechnology and Material Sciences offers considerable detail on the origin of algae, extraction of useful metabolites and major compounds from algal bio-mass, and the production and future prospects of sustainable polymers derived from algae, blends of algae, and algae based composites. Characterization methods and processing techniques for algae-based polymers and composites are discussed in detail, enabling researchers to apply the latest techniques to their own work. The conversion of bio-mass into high value chemicals, energy, and materials has ample financial and ecological importance, particularly in the era of declining petroleum reserves and global warming. Algae are an important source of biomass since they flourish rapidly and can be cultivated almost everywhere. At present the majority of naturally produced algal biomass is an unused resource and normally is left to decompose. Similarly, the use of this enormous underexploited biomass is mainly limited to food consumption and as bio-fertilizer. However, there is an opportunity here for materials scientists to explore its potential as a feedstock for the production of sustainable materials. - Provides detailed information on the extraction of useful compounds from algal biomass - Highlights the development of a range of polymers, blends, and composites - Includes coverage of characterization and processing techniques, enabling research scientists and engineers to apply the information to their own research and development - Discusses potential applications and future prospects of algae-based biopolymers, giving the latest insight into the future of these sustainable materials

Until now, there has been only one source of data on global fishery catches: information reported to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations by member countries. An extensive, ten-year study conducted by The Sea Around Us Project of the University of British Columbia shows that this catch data is fundamentally misleading. Many countries underreport the amount of fish caught (some by as much as 500%), while others such as China significantly overreport their catches. The Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries is the first and only book to provide accurate, country-by-country fishery data. This groundbreaking information has been gathered from independent sources by the world's foremost fisheries experts, and edited by Daniel Pauly and Dirk Zeller of the Sea Around Us Project. The Atlas includes one-page reports on 273 countries and their territories, plus fourteen topical global chapters. National reports describe the state of the country's fishery, by sector; the policies, politics, and social factors affecting it; and potential solutions. The global chapters address cross-cutting issues, from the economics of fisheries to the impacts of mariculture. Extensive maps and graphics offer attractive and accessible visual representations. While it has long been clear that the world's oceans are in trouble, the lack of reliable data on fishery catches has obscured the scale, and nuances, of the crisis. The atlas shows that, globally, catches have declined rapidly since the 1980s, signaling an even more critical situation than previously understood. The Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries provides a comprehensive picture of our current predicament and steps that can be taken to ease it. For researchers, students, fishery managers, professionals in the fishing industry, and all others concerned with the status of the world's fisheries, the Atlas will be an indispensable resource.

The definitive guide to cooking great fish.'The bible for seafood. The only book you'll ever need on the topic.'Neil PerryWritten by the most respected authorities on seafood in the country, this landmark publication contains all you need to know about selecting and preparing over 60 types of fish and seafood, including catching methods, notes on sustainability, flavour profiles and cooking guidelines.More than 130 recipes showcase the delicious potential of the vast array of seafood available, and clear step-by-step photography illustrating the key techniques takes all the guesswork out of cooking seafood at home.Accompanied throughout by striking imagery, this important book is as beautiful as it is informative, and will become the benchmark reference for anyone interested in cooking and eating fish and seafood.'A book Australia not only wants, but needs, written by the only people in the country truly equipped to tackle the task. Essential.'John Lethlean

Earth's human population currently exceeds 7 billion, and by the year 2050 our planet will have at least two billion more mouths to feed. When faced with providing food for so many people, the idea is often advanced that Australia will become the'food bowl'of Asia. Australia currently grows enough food to feed about three times its population and agricultural exports are important to our economy; however, Australia's role in feeding the world needs careful consideration. This highly topical book draws together the latest intelligence on the sustainable production and distribution of food and other products from Australian farms. It examines questions that policy-makers, farmers, politicians, agricultural scientists and the general public are asking about the potential productivity of our arable land, the environmental and economic impacts of seeking to increase productivity, and the value of becoming cleaner and greener in our agricultural output. With chapters on the emergence of new markets, consumer trends in China, the biophysical constraints on agricultural expansion, and the various products of Australian agriculture and aquaculture, Australia's Role in Feeding the World provides valuable insight into the future of agriculture in this nation. The book is ideal reading for academics and students in agriculture, environmental sciences, economics, Australian studies, international development studies; agricultural practitioners; and the food production industry.

Take your knowledge of fishes to the next level Fishes of the World, Fifth Edition is the only modern, phylogenetically based classification of the world's fishes. The updated text offers new phylogenetic diagrams that clarify the relationships among fish groups, as well as cutting-edge global knowledge that brings this classic reference up to date. With this resource, you can classify orders, families, and genera of fishes, understand the connections among fish groups, organize fishes in their evolutionary context, and imagine new areas of research. To further assist your work, this text provides representative drawings, many of them new, for most families of fishes, allowing you to make visual connections to the information as you read. It also contains many references to the classical as well as the most up-to-date literature on fish relationships, based on both morphology and molecular biology. The study of fishes is one that certainly requires dedication—and access to reliable, accurate information. With more than 30,000 known species of sharks, rays, and bony fishes, both lobe-finned and ray-finned, you will need to master your area of study with the assistance of the best reference materials available. This text will help you bring your knowledge of fishes to the next level. Explore the anatomical characteristics, distribution, common and scientific names, and phylogenetic relationships of fishes Access biological and anatomical information on more than 515 families of living fishes Better appreciate the complexities and controversies behind the modern view of fish relationships Refer to an extensive bibliography, which points you in the direction of additional, valuable, and up-to-date information, much of it published within the last few years Fishes of the World, Fifth Edition is an invaluable resource for professional ichthyologists, aquatic ecologists, marine biologists, fish breeders, aquaculturists, and conservationists.

Fish recruitment is a key process for maintaining sustainable fish populations. In the marine environment, fish recruitment is carried out in many different ways, all of which have different life history strategies. The objective of this book is to argue for greater linkages between basic and applied research on fisheries recruitment, and assessment and management of exploited fish stocks. Following an introductory chapter, this second edition of Fish Reproductive Biology is organized into 3 main sections: Biology, Population Dynamics and Recruitment Information Critical to Successful Assessment and Management Incorporation of Reproductive Biology and Recruitment Considerations into Management Advice and Strategies The authors collectively bring a wide range of diverse experience in areas of reproductive biology, fisheries oceanography, stock assessment, and management. Fully updated throughout, the book will be of great interest to a wide audience. It is useful as a textbook in graduate and undergraduate courses in fisheries biology, fisheries science, and fisheries resource management and will provide vital information for fish biologists, fisheries scientists and managers.

Advances in Marine Biology has been providing in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of marine biology since 1963 — more than 50 years of outstanding coverage from a comprehensive serial that is well known for its contents and editing. This latest addition to the series includes updates on many topics that will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology, and biological oceanography. Specialty areas for the series include marine science, both applied and basic, a wide range of topical areas from all areas of marine ecology, oceanography, fisheries management, and molecular biology, and the full range of geographic areas from polar seas to tropical coral reefs. - Reviews articles on the latest advances in marine biology - Authored by leading figures in their respective fields of study - Presents materials that are widely used by managers, students, and academic professionals in the marine sciences - Provides value to anyone studying bottlenose dolphins, deep-sea macrofauna, marine invertebrates, pinna nobilis, and ecology, amongst other study areas

This book focuses on latest information on the biology and ecology of the three bluefin tuna species: the Pacific (Thunnus orientalis), Atlantic (T. thynnus), and southern bluefin tuna (T. maccoyii). In the book, the phylogeny and basic ecological information such as early life history, age and growth, and food habits are covered. Information relat

The nutritional benefits of marine flora and fauna are well known. Fish and crustaceans provide high-quality sources of amino acids-nutritionallyimportant proteins found in only small amounts in cereals and grains. Nutrients and minerals in seafood can improve brain development and reproduction and there are strong links between fish and heart heal

There are more than 33,000 species of living fishes, accounting for more than half of the extant vertebrate diversity on Earth. This unique and comprehensive reference showcases the basic anatomy and diversity of all 82 orders of fishes and more than 150 of the most commonly encountered families, focusing on their distinctive features.Accurate identification of each group, including its distinguishing characteristics, is supported with clear photographs of preserved specimens, primarily from the archives of the Marine Vertebrate Collection at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. This diagnostic information is supplemented by radiographs, additional illustrations of particularly diverse lineages, and key references and ecological information for each group.An ideal companion to primary ichthyology texts, Fishes: A Guide to Their Diversity gives a broad overview of fish morphology arranged in a modern classification system for students, fisheries scientists, marine biologists, vertebrate zoologists, and everyday naturalists. This survey of the most speciose group of vertebrates on Earth will expand the appreciation of and interest in the amazing diversity of fishes.

Stock Identification Methods, 2e, continues to provide a comprehensive review of the various disciplines used to study the population structure of fishery resources. It represents the worldwide experience and perspectives of experts on each method, assembled through a working group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. The book is organized to foster interdisciplinary analyses and conclusions about stock structure, a crucial topic for fishery science and management. Technological advances have promoted the development of stock identification methods in many directions, resulting in a confusing variety of approaches. Based on central tenets of population biology and management needs, this valuable resource offers a unified framework for understanding stock structure by promoting an understanding of the relative merits and sensitivities of each approach. - Describes 18 distinct approaches to stock identification grouped into sections on life history traits, environmental signals, genetic analyses, and applied marks - Features experts'reviews of benchmark case studies, general protocols, and the strengths and weaknesses of each identification method - Reviews statistical techniques for exploring stock patterns, testing for differences among putative stocks, stock discrimination, and stock composition analysis - Focuses on the challenges of interpreting data and managing mixed-stock fisheries

the best food reference work ever to appear in the English language... read it and be dazzled'Bee Wilson, New Statesman First published in 1999, the ground-breaking Oxford Companion to Food was an immediate success and won prizes and accolades around the world. Its blend of serious food history, culinary expertise, and entertaining serendipity, was and remains unique. Interest in food, cooking, and the culture surrounding food has grown enormously in the intervening period, as has the study of food and food history. University departments, international societies, and academic journals have sprung up dedicated to exploring the meaning of food in the daily lives of people around the world, alongside an ever-increasing number of articles, books, programmes, and websites in the general media devoted to the discussion of food, making the Oxford Companion to Food more relevant than ever. Already a food writing classic, this Companion combines an exhaustive catalogue of foods, be they biscuits named after battles, divas or revolutionaries; body parts (from nose to tail, toe to cerebellum); or breads from the steppes of Asia or the well-built ovens of the Mediterranean; with a richly allusive commentary on the culture of food, expressed in literature and cookery books, or as dishes peculiar to a country or community. While building on the Companion's existing strengths, Tom Jaine has taken the opportunity to update the text and alert readers to new perspectives in food studies. There is new coverage of attitudes to food consumption, production and perception, such as food and genetics, food and sociology, and obesity. New entries include terms such as convenience foods, drugs and food, Ethiopia, leftovers, medicine and food, pasta, and many more. There are also new entries on important personalities who are of special significance within the world of food, among them Clarence Birdseye, Henri Nestlé, and Louis Pasteur. In its new edition the Companion maintains its place as the foremost food reference resource for study and home use.

The waters of the Indo-Pacific were at the centre of the global expansion of marine capture fisheries in the twentieth century, yet surprisingly little has been written about this subject from a historical perspective. This book, the first major study of the history of fishing in Asia and Oceania, presents the case-studies completed through the History of Marine Animal Populations (HMAP) initiative. It examines the marine environmental history and historical marine ecology of the Indo-Pacific during a period that witnessed the dramatic escalation of industrial fishing in these seas.

This book is geared for advanced level research in the general subject area of remote sensing and modeling as they apply to the coastal marine environment. The various chapters focus on the latest scientific and technical advances in the service of better understanding coastal marine environments for their care, conservation and management. Chapters specifically deal with advances in remote sensing coastal classifications, environmental monitoring, digital ocean technological advances, geophysical methods, geoacoustics, X-band radar, risk assessment models, GIS applications, real-time modeling systems, and spatial modeling. Readers will find this book useful because it summarizes applications of new research methods in one of the world's most dynamic and complicated environments. Chapters in this book will be of interest to specialists in the coastal marine environment who deals with aspects of environmental monitoring and assessment via remote sensing techniques and numerical modeling.

Over the last decade, molecular studies carried out on the Australasian biota have revealed a new world of organic structure that exists from submicroscopic to continental scale. Furthermore, in studies of global biogeography and evolution, DNA sequencing has shown that many large groups, such as flowering plants, passerine birds and squamates, have their basal components in this area. Using examples ranging from kangaroos and platypuses to kiwis and birds of paradise, the book examines the patterns of distribution and evolution of Australasian biodiversity and explains them with reference to tectonic and climatic change in the region. The surprising results from molecular biogeography demonstrate that an understanding of evolution in Australasia is essential for understanding the development of modern life on Earth. A milestone in the literature on this subject, this book will be a valuable source of reference for students and researchers in biogeography, biodiversity, ecology and conservation.

This book was developed mainly from the selected presentations and contribu­ tions made during the 3rd Biennual European Conference on Fish Processing in Grimsby, UK, 29th June-1st July 1999, which was sponsored by the Society of Chemical Industry, University of Lincoln, and North East Lincolnshire Council. The book is divided into three sections preceded by an introductory chapter providing an overview of seafood quality, technology and nutraceutical applica­ tions. The first section (Chaps 2-10) describes a range of aspects of seafood quality from the impact of slaughter procedures, practical evaluation, texture, measuring fish content, protein functionality, histamine toxicity and flavour; the second section (Chaps 11-13) covers value-added waste products, automation in fish processing and water treatment; the final section (Chaps 14-16) dis­ cusses food and health applications of marine nutraceuticals/functional foods. Contributing to this volume are researchers from different countries who are well recognised in their respective areas of expertise, providing a diverse and global perspective of the issue of seafood quality, technology and nutraceutical applications.

At the 50th Anniversary Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists the ten most significant innovations in food science developed during the past 50 years were named (Food Technology, September 1989). Among the'Top 10'innovations, controlled atmosphere packaging (CAP) for fruits and vegetables was listed 5th in order of importance. Of course, CAP is a forerunner of MAP (modified atmosphere packaging) in which a variety of food products are packaged under selective mixtures of atmospheric gases, but without the on-going maintenance (control) of the gas mixture. Development of packaging systems and films that are selectively permeable to specific gases has been the key element in the commercialization of controlled and modified atmosphere packaging of foods. It may not be far from the truth to say that since then there has been an explosion of activities around MAP/CAP, especially in research and development into various aspects of this technology. The application of MAP to some bakery products, fresh fruits and salads and fresh meats and meat products has reached a significant level both in Europe and North America. The increasing consumer demand for fresh or near-fresh products and convenient, microwavable foods has added impetus to the growth of MAP/CAP technology. It is, therefore, timely that a comprehensive book that provides scientific background and practical applications of the technology should be written.

Modified atmosphere packaging may be defined as an active packaging method in which an altered atmosphere is created in the headspace that retards chemical deterioration while simultaneously retarding growth of spoilage organisms. Shelf lives of perishable products, such as dairy products, meat, poultry, fish, fruits and vegetables, and bakery items are limited by biochemical changes in the product catalysed by exposure to the normal atmosphere (21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen and less than 0. 1% carbon dioxide) and growth of spoilage organisms. Modification of the atmosphere within a package containing these products helps to better maintain the quality of the food under longer storage conditions and retards the growth of undesirable organisms. Of course, deterioration is also slowed by chilling, which is required for the transport to market of highly perishable items like meat, poultry and fish that would either spoil or have the potential for contamination by certain food pathogens. Chilling plus a modification of the atmosphere optimizes the keeping quality of food. Modification of the atmosphere has been known for over a century as a means of food preservation and has become a very popular means of food preservation in the latter part of the 20th century. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is practised extensively in Europe, Canada and the USo Both vacuum packaging (rem oval of air from the package) and addition of gases within the package are considered MAP.

This book is a completely new edition of Fresh Seafood-The Commer­ cial Buyer's Guide, which was first published in 1984. There have been many changes in both product and the seafood business in the intervening years. About 70 percent of the material in this book is new, a tribute to the rapid pace of change throughout the industry. The subject of this book is fresh seafood.'Fresh'is defined as product handled under refrigeration (mechanical or ice) from har­ vester to consumer. This excludes frozen product, canned product and other shelf-stable packaging. Frozen seafoods are covered in the companion volume, The New Frozen Seafood Handbook. Many prod­ ucts are, of course, handled in both refrigerated and frozen forms. There may be substantial differences, not just in how they are han­ dled, but in how they are processed, graded and packed. Frozen sea­ foods are often treated and traded as commodities, with standard descriptions. Marketing and distributing fresh fish and shellfish, which has to be eaten within days of harvest, is necessarily more personal and direct. The contest between refrigerated and frozen seafoods has continued for many years and shows no signs of resolving. Despite massive im­ provements in the quality of much frozen product, consumers and their retail and restaurant suppliers still tend to believe that'fresh'is bet­ ter, perhaps simply because the word'fresh'is naturally appealing.

The book Climate Change and Agricultural Food Production: Impacts, Vulnerabilities and Remedies'provides an overview of climate change impacts on all agricultural food producing sectors (agriculture, livestock and fisheries), food contamination, and food safety (microbial pathogens, toxic biological & toxic chemical contaminants), food security and climate change adaptation and mitigation measures to counteract or minimise or reduce the effects of climate change on agriculture, livestock and fisheries. It reviews and summarizes research results, data and information from the world including Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, Latin America, North America, Polar Regions and Small Island Nations. The book has been structured as textbook, reference book and extension book and written in simple and plain English with key facts and acronyms and glossary provided in each with tables and figures to benefit a wide range of readeThe key data and information provided in each are highlighted below:

Oceans cover two-thirds of the earth's surface And while their surfaces often look smooth, the oceans are teeming with life oceans provide animal habitat all the way down to the ocean floor Since oceans are on average, over 2.5 miles deep, this means that they contain 99.5 percent of our planet's livable habitat. within that vast space, the oceans are filled with a huge range of microscopic organisms, animals, and plant life. ln this field, main subjects are taxonomy, ecology and host-microbes interaction of marine microbes by using physiological, biochemical and molecular biochemical techniques. The study of marine biology includes a wide variety of disciplines such as astronomy, biological oceanography, cellular biology, chemistry, ecology, geology, meteorology, molecular biology, physical oceanography and zoology and the new science of marine conservation biology draws on many longstanding scientific disciplines such as marine ecology, biogeography, zoology, botany, genetics, fisheries biology, anthropology, economics and law lt is important for scienitists to determine the quality of the marine environment to ensure water quality is sufficient to sustain a healthy environment coastal environmental health is an important,area of environmental marine biology so that scientist scan determine the impact of coastal development on water quality for the safety of people visiting the beaches and to maintain a healthy marine environment. Pollutants, sediment, and runoff are all potential threats to marine health in coastal areas. Offshore marine environmental health is also studied For example, an environmental biologist might be required to study the impact of an oil spill or other chemical hazards in the ocean The book will prove to be useful and unique of its kind, as a reference resource and most authoritative guide, dealing with a broad spectrum of Microbiology of Marine Life and environmental pollution problems.lt is intended that this encyclopaedia is an dispensable treatise to the students and researchers of biology and microbiology of marine life.

Ecology of Australian Temperate Reefs presents the current state of knowledge of the ecology of important elements of southern Australian sub-tidal reef flora and fauna, and the underlying ecological principles. Preliminary chapters describe the geological origin, oceanography and biogeography of southern Australia, including the transitional temperate regions toward the Abrolhos Islands in the west and to Sydney in the east. The book then explains the origin and evolution of the flora and fauna at geological time scales as Australia separated from Antarctica; the oceanography of the region, including principal currents, and interactions with on-shelf waters; and the ecology of particular species or species groups at different trophic levels, starting with algae, then the ecological principles on which communities are organised. Finally, conservation and management issues are discussed. Ecology of Australian Temperate Reefs is well illustrated with line drawings, figures and colour photographs showing the many species covered, and will be a much valued reference for biologists, undergraduates, and those interested and concerned with reef life and its natural history. 2014 Whitley Award Commendation for Marine Ecology.

Molecular studies reveal highly ordered geographic patterns in plant and animal distributions. The tropics illustrate these patterns of community immobilism leading to allopatric differentiation, as well as other patterns of mobilism, range expansion, and overlap of taxa. Integrating Earth history and biogeography, Molecular Panbiogeography of the Tropics is an alternative view of distributional history in which groups are older than suggested by fossils and fossil-calibrated molecular clocks. The author discusses possible causes for the endemism of high-level taxa in tropical America and Madagascar, and overlapping clades in South America, Africa, and Asia. The book concludes with a critique of adaptation by selection, founded on biogeography and recent work in genetics.

Modified atmospheres are used to preserve foods without the need for unwanted preservatives. This book covers the subject from an industrial perspective and explains both how the technology works, and how it can be used. The editor and authors all have extensive practical knowledge of the subject and are world recognized authorities in the field. The new edition contains four new chapters and around 50% new material overall.