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Educational spaces are one of the most critical operations laid down with the architect, school design is a foundation to build/re-build any community. According to current financial variabilities, political crises, and continuous lack of resources, a gap between human classes is widespread, leading to extremely poor, and recently refugees' communities. Regarding to education, the problem is that traditional school buildings with fixed structures are not effective nor available to these categories with extremely low resources and barley any infrastructure, therefore, it is essential to adopt new concepts to activate the function and impact of educational spaces in these urgent communities. The study aims to create a school "system" to fulfill the task of providing educational spaces, depending on the elements of adaptability with considering social, low-cost impact according to main definitions. With implementing the child's psychological- physiological development elements, age category from 6 :13 years "Middle childhood: Early adolescence" inside the design process. In Egypt, there are several areas of extremely poor living conditions, the two highly alarming case studies are first, Upper Egypt's rural villages having the highest ratio of extreme poverty in Egypt, second, refugee camps that became part and parcel of any standing country, both representing urgent need for children's education rescue. This paper is concentrating as a beginning on first case study as it has the highest percentage of out- school children. As result, trying to fulfill the task by creating an applied school system (project-based) with the adopted criteria, suitable to selected areas main conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective pastoral services in schools depend on leadership from the board of trustees and the principal, as well as teamwork and trust among all involved in the pastoral network. The counsellor has a critical role in developing and maintain ing the network as s/he is the nexus linking many "players" in the school, community and key social agencies. The development of the pastoral services in our South Auckland high school has been guided by the Vision, Values and Principles of the New Zealand Curriculum. This article describes the philosophy behind, and the implementation of, our pastoral services, which embrace all aspects of students' well-being and development, the counsellor's role in the process, the importance of an holistic approach that incorporates spirituality in the lives of students, and aspects of safe practice in a challenging environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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An abstract of the article "Centralisation and autonomy: a case study of constructed views," by Andrej Koren is presented.

The article presents an overview of the research conducted at Quebec, Canada to fathom the varied essence of knowledge among teachers and other academicians in relation to their ways, methods, techniques, and system of teaching. The principle on which the research was based solely rests on semi-structured interviews with researchers, concerned in-charges of teaching associations, and the Ministry of Education, Canada, as well as on a study projected with teachers.

The article discusses a study related to the impact of the cycled system of education on school organization and teachers' practices in Brazil. The good performance of the cycled system demands changes which conflict with the school culture. The study included a documental analysis and an assessment of background questionnaires by various teachers. It also included fieldwork by means of observation, interviews and questionnaires in a public school in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.