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To explore the influence of milk powder storage by-products on the probiotic activity, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025 fortified milk powder was used to evaluate the change of bacterial activity and the accumulation of Maillard and lipid oxidation by-products during long-term storage. Based on the above results, this study further clarifies the effect mechanism of milk powder by-products on the metabolism and transcriptional response of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025. The results of the strain JY025 growth ability and its metabolic ability of various carbon sources under different by-product interventions indicated that the Maillard by-products (higher concentrations) and the lipid oxidation by-products inhibit the growth metabolic of Lactobacillus. The transcriptomic analysis of strains under different interventions further suggested the intervention of Maillard by-products with a specific concentration improve the ability of Lactobacillus to utilize carbohydrates, which helps to provide additional energy and improve the tolerance of Lactobacillus to lipid oxidation by-product stress. [Display omitted] • Milk powder by-products are accumulated with the extension of storage time. • Higher concentrations of Maillard by-products inhibit bacterial growth metabolism. • Lipid oxidation by-products are not conducive to the bacterial growth metabolism. • Maillard by-products improve bacterial tolerance to lipid oxidation by-product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) is one of the common food-borne pathogens in humans and has a high tolerance to the environment. Considering the high lethal temperature of B. cereus spores, it is difficult to be effectively killed by common pasteurization methods, resulting in a certain amount of residual spores in milk. In this paper, a quantitative risk assessment model of B. cereus was constructed to assess the risk of introducing B. cereus in the production of reconstituted milk based on the collected detection data of B. cereus contamination in Chinese milk powder. As a result, it is found that B. cereus is relatively seriously polluted on the pipeline from mixing tank to UHT sterilization (with a mean concentration of 5.17 log cfu) in the production process of reconstituted milk. This study provides a theoretical basis for formulating B. cereus contamination control measures in the production of reconstituted milk related products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver doped zirconium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using milk powder via single step solution combustion method and has been examined for the removal of toxic chemicals from an organic dye. Ag doped ZrO 2 were intended to play a vital role in the removal of accumulated contaminants in aqueous environment due to high efficiency of visible light triggered photocatalytic activity. The obtained product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, BET measurements and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD and FTIR investigation probe the occurrence of silver in the synthesized final nanoparticles. The calculated average crystallite size is about 10–16 nm. Pure ZrO 2 and Ag doped ZrO 2 nanoparticles were analyzed against Rhodamine B (Rh B), a cataionic dye in visible light irradiation. By the analysis of experiments, silver (6 mol %) doped ZrO 2 shows good photocatalyst towards 95% of Rhodamine B degradation with 150 mg photocatalyst and 10 ppm dye within 105 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper outlines an assessment of human health and ecotoxicity associated with recombined milk processing in order to identify the components that have the highest contribution in these impacts. The approach used was based on the life cycle assessment (LCA), which is a standardized method (ISO 14040-14044). LCA is an excellent tool of environmental management and it provides a widespread knowledge on the environmental burdens associated to a product or to a human activity. The data of the mass and energy fluxes and the environmental emissions are obtained from site investigation and literatures. The results highlighted the impact per L of packaged liquid milk: respiratory effects of 7.82E-04 kg PM2.5eq, terrestrial ecotoxicity of 2.53 kg TEG soil and aquatic ecotoxicity of 2.94E+01 kg TEG water. The research has shown that the milk powder is the largest contributor in all the categories under assessment about 69% in terrestrial ecotoxicity, 54% in aquatic ecotoxicity and 65% in respiratory effects, mainly due to the emissions from raw milk production. This is explained by the need to use a large quantity of milk for the production of milk powder (it takes about 7.8 kg of milk to make 1 kg of powdered milk). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microplastics can be found almost everywhere and extensively expose to human. Infants are vulnerable, and the potential risks of microplastics may be greater for infants, however, infants' microplastic exposure is still poorly understood. Since milk powder makes up a significant portion of many infants' diets, we investigated microplastic pollution in infant milk powder and calculated the microplastic exposure from milk powder, feeding bottles and milk powder preparation. On one hand, we studied 13 different types of milk powder with different packaging, processing systems, and milk sources. The boxed milk powder (7 ± 3 items/100 g) was more polluted with microplastics than the canned milk powder (4 ± 3 items/100 g). The inner packaging of the boxed milk powder was plastic and aluminum foil laminated, it emitted 8 ± 2 to 17 ± 1 items/100 g of microplastics, and might be a main source of microplastics in boxed milk powder. On the other hand, we found that when infants consume milk powder, the microplastic exposure from milk powder itself is little, exposure from feeding bottles is 6.8 times higher than that from milk powder and milk powder preparation is 1.7 times higher. [Display omitted] • Boxed milk powder is more polluted with microplastics than canned milk powder. • The package might be a main source of microplastic in boxed milk powder. • Microplastics exposure from feeding bottles is 6.8 times higher than milk powder. • Microplastics exposure from preparation process is 2.1 times higher than milk powder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are 6 methods, pyrolysis, high-salt low - pH, isopropyl alcohol, CTAB, SDS or GuSCN, used in the extraction of milk powder genomic DNA for the molecular marker analysis of high quality and sufficient samples. To find out the better method of them, the effects of different methods were compared by detecting the DNA by optical density, agarosegel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that the genomic DNA extracted by all methods except for isopropyl alcohol antl SDS method could be used in PCR reaction. Meanwhile, the better DNA concentration and purity could be gained by different methods in the order of pyrolysis, GuSCN, High-salt low-pH, CTAB. These methods are simply to operate, fast to gain results, and suitable for the extraction of total DNA from milk powder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]