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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

High dropout rates and a lack of academic resilience continue to plague South African higher education. Often, this is more prevalent in practical disciplines that have been subjected to curriculum changes in recent years, such as engineering. It is challenging to understand academic resilience in university settings due to insufficient research. Therefore, more information is needed on the role of personal characteristics and the socio-ecological university environment in enabling and constraining students' academic resilience. To assist higher education institutions in theorising academic resilience, this article presents a novel conceptual framework of Ungar's social-ecological theory, and Ebersöhn's Flocking theory. As part of this theorisation, this article also provides diverse perspectives on academic resilience from engineering students, lecturers, and support staff through semi-structured interviews. An analysis of this qualitative data was conducted using thematic analysis. A major finding of the study was that enabling factors were principally personal, whereas constraining factors were principally socio-ecological. Findings led to the development of an original framework for conceptualising the enablers and constraints of academic resilience in engineering students. This conceptual framework could guide towards the identification of areas of priority for academic resilience and in doing so contribute to interventions to reduce student dropout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, the population of persons with disabilities is estimated as 26.8 million of whom 15.7 million are in the age range 15-59 years (Census 2011). This has proved to be a challenge to the right to education, particularly when there is a situation of poverty and gender-specific issues, which along with disability, lead to further marginalisation. The study reported investigated factors that enabled and/or inhibited progress in the lives of people with disabilities who are doubly disadvantaged. The authors focused on the lived experiences of 14 persons with disabilities and collected data from them using semi-structured interviews. Interview responses were transcribed and coded and validated before grouping into themes of facilitators, inhibitors and opportunities for a better future. The results revealed that family support, support from members in the community and the confidence of persons with disability on their own capabilities were enabling factors. Lack of public awareness, poor facilities for continuing education, untrained teachers, lack of accessible environment and resources, the trauma of having to prove themselves to gain acceptance were inhibitors of their progress. Caregivers of persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities expressed concern for their child's future. Poverty, living in remote areas and/or being a female formed further obstacles to accessing higher education and employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation (DT) readiness is usually associated with the technological maturity of an organisation more than with its readiness from a strategic point of view, which makes it essential to have artefacts that allow this type of evaluation, which still needs to be sufficiently expanded and tested. Based on Rogers's [1] framework, this work developed a conceptual model to assess the impact and relevance of the six enablers in strategic readiness and benefits resulting from a DT project. Through a qualitative study with a panel of experts from six Portuguese organisations, it was possible to validate the model, conclude which are the most relevant strategic enablers for greater DT readiness, and also that conducting more business through digital platforms significantly improves the resulting benefits. Furthermore, it will be possible to apply this model in broader quantitative contexts to determine which factors are most prevalent according to the context, be it an industry, a region, or an organisation's dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A recent United Nations World Tourism Organisation publication, Regional report on women in tourism in the Middle East identified that the representation of women working in tourism in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is significantly below the global average. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabian (KSA) government is seeking to address this imbalance. The purpose of this research is to support this initiative, by determining how women's workforce participation in the event sector can be encouraged. A qualitative study using a mix of case studies and semi-structured interviews with twelve personnel from within the event sector in KSA was conducted. Additional qualitative data was gathered from the authors' participation in virtual gender-related tourism events and conferences. Thematic analysis indicated key findings which include the need for the KSA government and the corporate sector to promote a positive attitude towards women in the workplace. The cessation of activity in the sector, due to COVID-19, requires government and business leaders to develop a recovery plan that will continue to foster the empowerment of women in the sector. Without a recovery plan, there is a real risk that the gains in the empowerment of women in the sector will be lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of modular construction (MC) is well-established in developed countries and is known to promote sustainability. However, MC is not widely utilised in developing countries. To address this issue, a study was conducted to identify enablers that can increase the adoption of MC in developing countries, specifically for residential projects. A survey was conducted to determine the relative value of 21 enablers that boost the adoption of MC. The data collected was analysed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), which classified the enablers into four main components: Optimization, Planning and Management, Preparation, and Promotion and Improvement. Then, Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation (FSE) was employed to rank these four components, where it was found that "Optimization" is the top performing component while " Promotion and Improvement " is the least performing component. The study's results provide a roadmap for the Egyptian construction industry to adopt MC, which can improve the construction sector, particularly in residential construction. Additionally, the findings of this research help fill a gap in knowledge about the enablers that can enhance the use of MC in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: 'Exercise snacking', which is characterised by shorter and more frequent exercise bouts compared with traditional exercise guidelines, may be an acceptable strategy for increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviour in older adults. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the enablers and barriers for older adults associated with participation in a home-based exercise snacking program delivered and monitored using an Amazon Echo Show 5 device (Alexa). Methods: This study used an interpretive description qualitative design to conduct semi-structured interviews following a 12-week pilot study in 15 adults aged 60–89 years with at least one chronic condition. All participants were prescribed a home based, individualised, lower limb focussed 'exercise snacking' program (involving ≤ 10 min of bodyweight exercises 2–4 times per day) delivered and monitored by an Alexa. Qualitative interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: All 15 participants (mean age 70.3 years) attended the semi-structured interview. Themes including time efficiency, flexibility, perceived health benefits, and motivation were enablers for participation in the 'exercise snacking' program. A lack of upper body exercises and omission of exercise equipment in the program, as well as a lack of time and motivation for performing exercise snacks three or more times per day, were barriers to participation. Conclusion: While 'exercise snacking' is acceptable for older adults, future trials should provide equipment (e.g. adjustable dumbbells, exercise bands), prescribe whole-body exercise programs, and establish strategies to support participation in more than three exercise snacks per day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A review conducted in 2015 reported community pharmacists are willing to adopt a professional role in counselling consumers about the appropriate and safe use of traditional and complementary medicines (T&CM) but faced multiple barriers in doing so; including the role being poorly defined. This current review aimed to update and extend these findings, by identifying studies published since 2015 that reported on pharmacists across any setting.Methods: Eligible studies published between January 01, 2016 and December 31, 2021 were identified across six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ScienceDirect and MEDLINE). A grounded theory approach was used to thematically synthesize the data extracted.Findings: A total 64 studies representing pharmacists across 30 countries were included for review. Study designs varied including cross-sectional surveys (n = 36), qualitative studies (n = 14), and pseudo-patient studies (n = 3). Eight studies reported on practice and/or bioethical responsibilities and 19 studies reported on factors that would enable pharmacists to fulfill these responsibilities, while 37 studies reported about both.Conclusion: These findings indicate research about pharmacists' responsibilities associated with T&CM is evolving from gap analysis towards research that is proactive in advocating for change in multiple areas. These findings can be used to inform a consensus discussion among pharmacists and key stakeholders regarding a set of professional responsibilities that would serve in the development of: a clearly defined role and associated practice standards, and competency requirements that inform educational learning objectives for inclusion in undergraduate, post-graduate and continuing professional pharmacy education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with human intelligence (HI) has been asserted to provide transformational power across the humanitarian supply chain (HSC). However, there is little rigorous work that analyses the enablers that promote AI–HI integration and application in the HSC. Thus, this paper reports a hybrid decision support framework for analysing enablers of AI–HI integration in the HSC with complicated, uncertain, and periodic information. First, to collect interdependent preference data from experts, the complex spherical fuzzy weighted Heronian mean operator with a weighted distance measures-based optimization model is established to generate a group decision matrix. Next, to measure the influence strength of enablers, a complex spherical fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation method is established to determine enabler weights, taking into account their interactive relationships. After that, to explore the enabler level of AI–HI integration in different participants of the HSC, the complex spherical fuzzy measurement of alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution method is developed by combining the former two procedures. Finally, a case study of enablers analysis for AI–HI integration in HSC is presented to assess the feasibility of the current method, which includes sensitivity and comparison studies. The results reveal that the factor "enhancing the efficiency of relief operations" (0.084) is the most important driving factor for AI–HI integration. The outcomes of this study can provide a new decision support method for understanding the enablers of AI–HI integration in key parts of the HSC. • An integrated CSF-decision framework is proposed to assess enablers of AI-HI integration. • The inter-dependencies between estimation information distributions are considered. • The expansion of the CSF-DEMATEL is proposed to assign enablers weights. • An improved CSF-MARCOS model is developed to estimate enablers of AI-HI integration in HSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Special health care needs (SHCNs) individuals experience higher levels of dental problems including accessing oral health (OH) facilities. Improving standard of OH care in SHCNs requires identifying barriers and enablers. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of prior researches to identify OH care barriers and enablers for SHCN individuals. Electronic searching was conducted systematically in PubMed and Cochrane databases. The PICOS parameters were formulated for the inclusion of studies, and the PRISMA method was used to select the articles. Two reviewers independently screened the articles for eligibility and to minimise the risk of bias in the studies and also searched the contents of key articles, quality of methodology, outcomes and reference lists of all the studies included. A total of 1316 (PubMed 956, Cochrane 360) studies were found initially and after title and abstract screening and also removal of duplication, reviewers selected 53 papers from PubMED and 19 articles from Cochrane to go through full articles and led to the final confirmation of 21 studies. Common challenges included lack of OH knowledge and awareness, difficulty in accessing treatment, transportation problem, treatment cost, and lack of inter-professional collaboration for specialized services. Potential solutions included OHE training and services for patients and caregivers, easy access to dental services, specialized dental practitioners and use of a combination of expertise to meet the demands of SHCN individuals. This brief analysis will establish dental obstacles to the provision of information to policymakers for SHCN population at organizational, individuals and policy levels. It will help in effective planning for providing and improving OH care quality in caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• There is a lack of adequate knowledge on the factors that influence men's involvement in maternal healthcare in SSA. • Cultural issues and stigma associated with maternal health hinder men's involvement. • A lack of financial resources, and unfriendly health facility environments also hinder men's involvement. • Health education and preferential treatment of women accompanied by their partners were enablers. • Involving men in the formulation of maternal healthcare policies is also crucial. Globally, there are about 800 maternal deaths every day, with low-to-middle-income countries accounting for most of these deaths. A lack of access to maternal healthcare services is one of the main causes of these deaths. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), one of the barriers to accessing maternal healthcare services by women is a lack of their male partners' involvement. This scoping review aimed to assess the enablers and barriers to men's involvement in maternal healthcare services. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist was used as a guide for this review. We searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2023 in the English language from SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Africa Journals Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar databases. Two reviewers independently conducted the data extraction and article selection. All of the authors discussed and decided on the codes and categories for enablers and barriers after using NVivo to generate them. Twenty-seven articles were used in this review. Of these, seventeen were qualitative studies, six were quantitative studies, and four were mixed-methods studies. The enablers of men's involvement in maternal healthcare were grouped into sociodemographic factors, health system factors, and policy factors, while barriers were grouped into sociodemographic, cultural, economic, and health system barriers. The lack of maternal health knowledge, insufficient economic resources, and unfriendly staff at healthcare facilities all contributed to a lack of involvement by men. To improve men's involvement in maternal healthcare in SSA, there should be economic empowerment of both men and women, health education, and the provision of adequate infrastructure in healthcare facilities to accommodate men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Anthropocene has brought with it many challenges, the primary of which are climate change and food security. The growing global population increasingly demands more from a shrinking resource base, while variable climate conditions make future provision uncertain. To address issues of low agricultural productivity and land degradation, conservation agriculture (CA) has been promoted in smallholder settings across Africa. CA is an agricultural package that consists of three key principles (minimum soil disturbance, mulching, and crop rotation) and its success depends on the simultaneous implementation of all three principles. However, CA has met with limited success. A scoping review was conducted to assess the barriers and enablers of CA for smallholder farmers in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) – a regional inter-governmental economic community. The scoping review included peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, reviews, and grey literature written in English that focused on the contextual links between CA adoption and the smallholder context, since 2015. Six electronic databases were consulted, and included records were charted according to a pre-defined data extraction form. A total of 66 records were included. A qualitative content analysis was performed. The findings indicated four central themes – physical resources, human resources, informational resources, and financial resources. The four central themes and their respective categories, detailing barriers and enablers, were combined to produce the Conservation Agriculture Suitability Framework for Smallholder Farmers. The review contributes to the knowledge base of the CA discipline and practice by revealing the contextual determinants of successful CA implementation. Ultimately, the success of CA in southern Africa will be underpinned by how well it fits into the broader smallholder farming system. • Climate variability and population growth in Africa has created vulnerability in the smallholder farming sector as well as food security challenges. • Conservation agriculture (CA) has been promoted to address these challenges but has seen low adoption rates and high disadoption rates. • A scoping review was conducted to assess the barriers and enablers of CA for smallholder farmers in southern Africa • Barriers and enablers are context specific, not universal, and are not unique to CA but are rather general constraints of smallholder livelihoods. • The CA Suitability Framework for Smallholder Farmers created to facilitate appreciation of the heterogenous smallholder context and promote incremental change through flexible and participatory approaches that accommodate local barriers and enablers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The drastic change in the technological environment has transformed the entire world including the education sector which was and is largely dominated by classroom teaching. In the last decade, a new entrant in the education sector has been e-learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced educational institutes to look at e-learning as a path to continue the learning process. The present paper aims to propose a model highlighting the enablers that encourage the smooth and effective delivery of e-learning process and highlight the barriers that cause hurdles in the effective delivery of e-learning. The researchers have followed the Total Interpretive Structural Modelling and Fuzzy Matriced' Impacts Croise's Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) analysis approach of extant literature review, expert opinion and multiple iterations to arrive at the proposed model. The findings of the present research study show the linkages between the identified enablers: institutional culture, institutional capability and support, flexibility in the teaching-learning process, e-readiness, motivation, knowledge management practices, and technology. Knowledge management practices that include practices of capturing knowledge and sharing knowledge have emerged as the most significant enabler of e-learning. The model on barriers to e-learning shows the relationship between lack of required skills, lack of access to technology, quality concerns, time as a barrier, learner engagement as barriers to effective e-learning. Modelling of enablers and barriers and effective e-learning is a less explored area, particularly in the Indian context with special emphasis on the pandemic. The study was carried out to address this research gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health care delivery is undergoing a rapid change from traditional processes toward the use of digital health interventions and personalized medicine. This movement has been accelerated by the COVID-19 crisis as a response to the need to guarantee access to health care services while reducing the risk of contagion. Digital health scale-up is now also vital to achieve population-wide impact: it will only accomplish sustainable effects if and when deployed into regular health care delivery services. The question of how sustainable digital health scale-up can be successfully achieved has, however, not yet been sufficiently resolved. This paper identifies and discusses enablers and barriers for scaling up digital health innovations. The results discussed in this paper were gathered by scientists and representatives of public bodies as well as patient organizations at an international workshop on scaling up digital health innovations. Results are explored in the context of prior research and implications for future work in achieving large-scale implementations that will benefit the population as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused instability in the education system and has compelled higher education institutions (HEIs) to find alternative ways of teaching and learning by making use of the latest online teaching approaches. Aim: The purpose of the study was to explore how COVID-19 could serve as an enabler for the enhancement of online learning and teaching skills for nurse educators at the University of Namibia with specific emphasis on prospects and challenges. Setting: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in English at a public nursing education institution located in the northeast of Namibia. Methods: A qualitative explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Data were collected by means of in-depth semi-structured interviews with 18 nurse educators from the School of Nursing. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Field notes were simultaneously taken to enrich the data. Results: The study revealed three themes: nurse educators' experiences of the use of online learning and teaching skills, COVID-19 as an enabler for enhancing online learning and teaching skills and strategies to sustain online teaching and learning. Conclusion: Internet technology has generated a surge in demand for web-based teaching and learning. The online learning mode was not effectively utilised during the COVID-19 era because of inadequate technological skills on the part of nurse educators. Contribution: These findings can be used by universities to equip students and academic staff with skills to adapt to e-learning as the new modus operandi in learning and teaching in the post-COVID-19 era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The educational status of Emirati women in the United Arab Emirates has developed rapidly over the last five decades, with females now outnumbering males in higher education institutions. Marriage and motherhood often take place during the years of undergraduate study for women, particularly for those from families who retain Emirati cultural traditions of relatively early marriage and childbearing. This study analyses the role which spouses play in their wives' pursuit of education, using the theoretical gender and development lens to explore whether a transformation of power relations within the marriage takes place for the growth in female participation in higher education to occur. Spousal behaviours are identified and categorised through the gender and development lens as either enablers or constraints to women's empowerment and participation in higher education, and potential reasons for these behaviours surrounding gender relations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The physical and social environments surrounding food, whether perceived or observed, can influence consumers' food choices by changing food access, and affordability, or by changing settings where food-related behaviors occur. Aim: To describe older adults' perceived food environment, identify the most important sites and factors that enable healthy eating, and explore older adults' recommendations for communities to facilitate fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods: Participants aged 60 and older from metropolitan areas in Massachusetts, Iowa, and Illinois completed a researcher-administered survey to rate the perceived environment including accessibility, availability, and affordability of fruits and vegetables, and perceived importance of factors and establishments related to fruit and vegetable consumption. Participants also suggested changes for establishments to facilitate fruit and vegetable consumption. Results: The majority of the 142 participants perceived their food environment for fruits and vegetables as not difficult to access (85.2%) with good or excellent availability (90.1%). Education, marital status, and race were associated with some aspects of the perceived food environment. Perceived accessibility and supermarkets were rated as the most important factor and establishment, respectively, to facilitate fruit and vegetable consumption across all study sites. Participants proposed recommendations to address the availability, quality, accessibility and affordability of fruits and vegetables. Conclusion: Interventions promoting accessible, affordable, quality fruits and vegetables may improve older adult consumers' perceptions of their food environment. Communities may also use undervalued resources such as mobile markets more strategically to provide additional support for healthy eating in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Domestic and family violence (DFV) is known to escalate during pregnancy. Routine screening for DFV in maternity departments is a widely acceptable practice according to staff and women. This study is part of a 3-year follow-up of an organisational intervention evaluation and aimed to identify clinicians' perceptions of current practices, as well as barriers and enablers to DFV antenatal screening. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten midwives about conducting DFV screening within the maternity department of a large tertiary public hospital in Queensland, Australia. Interview transcripts were read and thematically analysed by two independent researchers. Four main themes emerged from the data: uncertainty despite education and training; fear of opening Pandora's Box; working with 'red flags' and 'gut feelings'; and it's all about the relationship. Although clinicians identified the importance of guidelines for managing DFV and knowledge of resources and services, confidence varied. Ongoing, formal, mandatory training in the area of DFV was highlighted. Managing partner presence in the room, building rapport with the woman, and time constraints continue to be challenging barriers to DFV detection. Routine screening, continuity of care, and staff knowledge and experience were major enablers to successful detection and response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The amount of weight gained in pregnancy has the potential to impact the health of a woman and her baby in the short and long term. The existing literature demonstrates that women identify several barriers and enablers to maintain healthy weight gain in pregnancy. Understanding these barriers and enablers assists practitioners and maternity services to better support women to maintain healthy gestational weight gain. While the existing literature is largely focussed on women who are overweight or obese, this paper aims to explore the experiences of women from a range of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) categories regarding their weight gain in pregnancy. Fifteen women from the Australian Capital Territory participated in semi-structured interviews in the postpartum period to explore the barriers and enablers for healthy weight gain in pregnancy. Qualitative data were analysed using descriptive thematic analysis techniques. Women identified several barriers and enablers to maintain healthy weight gain in pregnancy. These included pregnancy-related physiological changes, personal and cultural attitudes and beliefs, availability of psychological support, social and community networks, attitudes and advice from their treating health professionals, and availability of education. This study is consistent with existing literature in confirming that women experience a range of personal, social, and cultural factors that impact upon weight gain in pregnancy. Participants identified inconsistent education and advice regarding gestational weight gain. This has clinical implications for clinicians and maternity services for improvement in the education and support of pregnant women regarding weight gain in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence-based in-service education (ISE) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is essential to maintaining nurse skill and competence in this complex clinical area. However, there has been limited research that has focused on developing and optimising the specialised training required by ICU nurses working in trauma care. To explore the perspectives of ICU clinical stakeholders regarding their needs and preferences for ISE to inform the future development and implementation of effective educational interventions. A qualitative, multiple-case study supported by the "Empowering Education" theoretical framework, which emphasises the importance of stakeholder involvement in education development. Adult ICUs in three major hospitals located in two geographical areas in Saudi Arabia. Forty clinical nurses, twelve nurse managers, nine nurse leaders and seven clinical educators participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews followed by focus groups. Framework analysis was used for data analysis. Stakeholders wanted ISE and training by subject experts characterised by: (i): relevant educational content; (ii): a range of educational techniques and (iii) flexible delivery and format. Nurses also identified factors that encouraged them to participate in ISE including adequate resources and a supportive work environment, whilst heavy workloads, cost and scheduling issues hindered engagement. This paper highlights the importance of considering staff needs and local context when developing in-service ICU education to support nurses' competence. Further recommendations and a proposed framework to develop future ISE in the ICU are provided. The key to effective in-service education for ICU nurses is understanding stakeholders' needs and motivational drivers, whilst addressing barriers to successful implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Nurse practitioners (NPs) contribute to patient care, coordination, and education in pediatric specialty settings. • Enablers include mutual trust, role clarity, and organizational structure. • Barriers include ineffective teamwork, lack of resources and complex communication systems. The objective of this study was to explore the enablers of and barriers to the contribution of nurse practitioners (NPs) in pediatric specialty care. A total of 11 NPs in pediatric medical specialties were interviewed regarding teamwork, communication, documentation, satisfaction, overall role, and perception of the value they contribute to care. Themes were identified related to structural and organizational enablers and barriers that facilitate or hinder the NPs' contribution to pediatric specialty care. The findings of this study can provide a better understanding of the role of NPs caring for pediatric patients in the specialty setting and can also help guide organizational environments to maximize the potential of pediatric NPs to positively affect patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, there is a paradigm shift in medical education. This shift occurred following the Covid-19 crisis. The world uses digital e-learning to support the public health response to this pandemic. The study's objective was to determine the medical students' acceptance and perceptions of e-learning during the Covid-19 closure time in Jeddah. A cross-sectional, web-based study was done among 340 medical students from King Abdulaziz University, 2020. A standardized, electronic, self-administered, Google Form data collection sheet was distributed. It included the E-learning acceptance measure (ElAM) containing three constructs, namely: tutor quality (TQ), perceived usefulness (PU), and facilitating conditions (FC). The sheet also inquired about the students' perceptions of the benefits, enablers, and barriers to e-learning. Descriptive, inferential statistics and multiple linear regression analyses were applied. Blackboard and Zoom were the most preferred Learning Management Systems (LMS) by our medical students. The mean score of ElAM was 102.82 ± 24.102. Better achievers obtained significantly (P < 0.001) higher scores in all ElAM constructs. About three-fifths of the students confirmed that e-learning substituted classical on-campus learning and was an adaptable, and less time-consuming method. The educator's good e-learning skills, the subject, instructional design, interaction, motivation, and good LMS were agreed as enablers of e-learning. However, most students accepted that clinical teaching is the most challenging learning outcome and that exams could be affected by low internet quality. Medical students moderately accepted e-learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic closure time. More training of the students and tutors, better designing e-courses, more interaction, motivation, and blended learning are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated the level of integration of mobile device technology in teaching and learning in Botswana universities. Botswana is one of the few African countries with a strong and stable economy and a high prevalence of technological gadgets that include mobile phones, tablets, and laptops, among others, in use in the population. Despite the prevalence of these technological gadgets, not much is known about the level of integration of technology in teaching and learning in universities in Botswana. A quantitative approach that employed a structured questionnaire for data collection was used in a study that included a sample of 360 lecturers from five out of eight selected universities in Botswana. The results of the study showed that negative attitudes of lecturers towards the integration of technology continue to be one of the major contributory factors in the low levels of technology integration in teaching and learning in universities in Botswana. The study also revealed that high Internet costs, as well as slow Internet connectivity are some of the main challenges contributing to the slow pace of technology integration in universities in Botswana. Results further showed that despite the high prevalence of mobile devices, desktops remain the main technological gadgets used during teaching and learning at universities in Botswana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research presented in this paper aimed to analyze the influence that certain factors (barriers and enablers) have on the processes of technology transfer carried out in research organizations and in the productive sector in Romania, in the context of the knowledge-based economy. It was carried out using a questionnaire-based survey answered by both researchers and employees from other organizations in Romania (industry companies, employers' associations and producers from various fields of activity, NGOs). Factor analysis of the technology transfer enablers highlighted three latent factors: the environment of the technology transfer processes, the synergy effects of the technology transfer processes and the financing. Factorial analysis of barriers also revealed three latent factors: improper focus, difficulties in financing and sophistication and level of knowledge involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is a significant public health challenge for India. Self-management, including dietary management, physical activity, stress management, and adherence to medication, is critical in glycaemic control. Though data concerning self-management, in general, are available among persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), exclusive research on dietary self-management was limited. A qualitative study to explore the knowledge, current dietary practices, and the barriers and enablers for dietary self-care management in persons with T2DM. In this qualitative study, in-depth interviews were conducted among 35 participants with T2DM who scored minimally and optimally in the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). Interviews were conducted using a validated interview guide. In-depth interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed to verbatim and thematically analysed. The study included 20 males and 15 females. The three major themes derived in the study. Firstly, "Knowledge, Interpretation and Information" the majority of the participants have understood the influence of diet on control of blood glucose level includes food choices and quantum of food. Secondly, "Current Dietary Practices-Preferences, Availability of food and Convenience influence dietary practices': All participants had their own belief on the side effects and benefits of certain food items. Most of the participants followed a three-meal pattern: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Finally, Barriers and Enablers in dietary self-management practice. Knowledge, physical and emotional factors, behaviour, planning were the intrinsic factors. Elements of the research, social support, season and climate, food environment were the extrinsic factors and communication, and financial management was the intermediate influences observed. The themes generated by this research provide insight into self-management and patient expectations in dietary matters. It would be desirable for physicians and health care providers to be aware of these practices when advising people with T2DM on dietary self - management. • A qualitative study from the rural and suburban area on dietary self-management among people with T2DM. • An exploration of knowledge, insights, belief, behavioural and environmental physiognomies. • Stimulation of explored factors on food selection, dietary patterns and eating behaviour. • Dietary self-management is driven by barriers and enablers. • People with T2DM would also have preferences, which should guide dietary interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The routine use of evidence-based upper limb rehabilitation interventions after stroke has the potential to improve function and increase independence. Two such interventions are Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Robot Assisted Therapy. Despite evidence to support both interventions, their use within the National Health Service appears, anecdotally, to be low. We sought to understand user perceptions in order to explain low uptake in clinical practice. Methods: A combination of a cross-sectional online survey with therapists and semi-structured interviews with stroke patients was used to explore uptake and user opinions on the benefits, enablers and barriers to each intervention. Findings: The therapists surveyed reported low use of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Robot Assisted Therapy in clinical practice within the Scottish National Health Service. Barriers identified by therapists were inadequate staffing, and a lack of training and resources. Interviews with stroke patients identified themes that may help us to understand the acceptability of each intervention, such as the impact of motivation. Conclusion: Barriers to the uptake of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Robot Assisted Therapy within the clinical setting were found to be similar. Further qualitative research should be completed in order to help us understand the role patient motivation plays in uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Industrial disputes result in a loss of work days, resources and also put a lot of pressure on employers, employees and the Government. Collective bargaining as a bipartite process is an effective mechanism to resolve disputes through the negotiation between employee and employer representatives. The study aims to identify the 'enablers', i.e. factors that permit and encourage collective bargaining in an industry. Through this study, the researchers have attempted to identify the nature of the relation and linkages between the factors identified. Design/Methodology: The research was undertaken in three major parts. In the initial part of the study, the enablers were identified through extant literature review. These factors were then validated with basic statistics in the second part of the research. In the final part, Interpretative Structural Modelling and MICMAC analysis was performed to arrive at a model highlighting the nature of relationship between the identified factors. Case studies on collective bargaining practices were studied to further validate the enablers. Findings: The ISM model for the enablers of collective bargaining had four levels, from the model awareness about law emerged as the most important enabler. MICMAC analysis further classified the enablers and disablers as driving, dependent, linkage and autonomous factors. Originality and Significance of the Study: The research is unique as it attempts to propose a model through the expert opinion on industrial relations manager, trade union representatives, employees' representatives, management and experts from academia. To the researcher's knowledge, there has been no significant contribution in the area of proposing a model for the enablers of collective bargaining through ISM and MICMAC. The researchers have also studied case studies related to the practices of collective bargaining in industries. The identified and validated factors would be useful to stakeholders in collective bargaining to design policies to ensure the effectiveness of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Longstanding gaps in physiotherapy service delivery exist in rural areas across Australia. In response to this, a large public rural health organisation contracted a private physiotherapy business to implement a public–private partnership (PPP) to supply physiotherapy to hospital inpatients, aged care facility residents and outpatients in four outer regional Australian towns. Treatment rooms were provided by the health organisation for the private physiotherapists to see clients. This study explored how stakeholders defined the success of a PPP model of service delivery in a rural setting and examined if the model was successful according to stakeholder definitions. Barriers and enablers (mechanisms) were identified and linked to stakeholderdefined success measures. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using a constructive inquiry design. Participants were purposively recruited, via email invitation and telephone follow-up. Participants comprised managers and clinicians from the rural public health organisation and the private physiotherapy business involved in setting up, working within or alongside the partnership. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with all participants. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework analysis. Program logic was used to synthesise all information. Results: Individual interviews were conducted with five staff from each partnering organisation, including managers and clinicians (total n=10). Two main themes and three subthemes were identified. All participants described the model as being successful. Elements of success included improved access to local services, and satisfied stakeholders. There were three mechanisms identified to successfully implement the service delivery model. The first mechanism was the provision of human and several other resources, which included the workforce model and the use of several resources for the partnership. The second mechanism was stakeholder engagement, which included having motivated stakeholders and consistent stakeholders. The third mechanism was streamlined processes, which included the content of the contract and referral schedule, streamlined administration processes for contracting and accounting, having processes for managing private therapists in a public setting as well as processes for communication. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that an innovative physiotherapy PPP model of service delivery can be a successful way to improve access to physiotherapy services in rural areas. Success of service models varies depending on the viewpoint of the stakeholder and achieving success for all stakeholders is contingent on mechanisms such as those identified in this study. PPPs have potential to address service gaps in hospitals, residential aged care and primary care in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are currently 429 midwives in Australia who hold the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia's Endorsement for scheduled medicines for midwives. Little is known about how midwives are using the endorsement and what factors impact on its use. To critically examine the literature to discover what the barriers and enablers are for midwives to use the endorsement. A search was undertaken examining literature published since 2004. Due to a lack of articles specific to midwifery, the search was widened to include literature related to similar non-medical health professions. The search was divided into two streams: accessing the Medicare Benefits Schedule and accessing the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and prescribing. Twenty-six primary articles from 2009 onward met the review criteria. Although singular barriers and enablers to both streams were identified, many of the themes act as both enabler and barrier. Themes common to both the Medicare Benefits Schedule focus and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and prescribing focus are that of medical support, scope of practice, ongoing support from health care consumers and management, and endorsement processes. Barriers occur approximately three times more frequently than enablers. Barriers and enablers occur for various reasons including legislative, regulatory, organisational, and the individual's support for and attitude towards these roles. To overcome barriers and facilitate the success of emerging non-medical extended practice roles, significant buy-in and investment is needed across all levels of the health system. The review highlights a significant gap in knowledge about the endorsement's use in midwifery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The animal feed supply chain in South Africa is an important industry that has experienced numerous changes as it evolved. However, not much is known empirically about the dynamics of implementing supply chain management (SCM) in the animal feed industry in specific South African contexts. Objectives: This study investigates the SCM-related factors for growth (enablers), barriers and disruptions within the animal industry in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Method: This study used a qualitative method in which managers drawn from the animal feed industry in the Western Cape Province were interviewed. The collected data were examined using thematic analysis. Results: This study showed that the use of technology to achieve goals, bargaining power of the industry and unity, and procurement and supply chain strategy served as the main SCM enablers. The lack of infrastructure, ineffective change management, health and safety, nature of the industry, and skills and qualifications are the primary barriers hindering the effective implementation of SCM. Economic factors, natural disasters and diseases, and a lack of customer loyalty within the animal feed industry were the main SCM disruptions highlighted in the study. Conclusion: This study provides information regarding the factors (enablers) that deserve attention when developing interventions to improve the performance of the animal feed supply chain. The information on SCM barriers and disruptions is relevant when developing risk management initiatives in the animal feed industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Client-centred practice was theorised by occupational therapists in Canada and subsequently introduced into the Tanzanian occupational therapy curriculum. There has been no critique of its relevance for African countries, nor research into occupational therapists' perspectives of applying client-centred practice in African world contexts. This study aimed to determine the understanding and use of client-centred practice by occupational therapists in Tanzania. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Working Tanzanian occupational therapists (n =64) completed a questionnaire based on two existing instruments. Data were analysed using SSPS (version 20.0) and qualitative coding. Results: Barriers were shortage of time (79.7%), client-centred practice is too demanding for the client (78.1%) and the therapist and client have different goals (76.6%). Enablers included education about client-centred practice as a student (98.4%), client involvement in planning services (96.9%) and staff and service provider training (96.9%). Three themes were identified: client-centred practice enriches relationships, is difficult to implement, and needs to be supported by increasing human resources, further training and client education. Conclusion: The implementation of client-centred practice in Tanzania is compromised by the resource-constrained and hospi-centric health service context. Alternative practice approaches that are aligned with collectivist cultural attitudes could be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under mobile Internet environment, users are switching from PC search to mobile search. Prior studies largely focused on users' early adoption and continual usage of mobile search. Limited attention has been paid to searching switch. This study is to identify enablers (i.e. perceived ubiquitous connectivity, perceived contextual offer and perceived convenience) and inhibitors (i.e. habit of PC search and relative disadvantage of mobile search) influencing users' switching intention from PC to mobile, as well as examining their different effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to summarise the qualitative findings from systematic reviews to identify what pregnant women perceive as barriers and enablers to smoking cessation during pregnancy. Smoking during pregnancy is a predictor of adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Despite known health risks, less than half of pregnant smokers quit during pregnancy. An umbrella review using the Johanna Briggs Institute methodology was conducted. A comprehensive literature review was completed in July 2017. All included papers were subject to an eligibility criterion and checked for quality by at least two reviewers. A total of n = 529 papers were identified and screened. Of these, only two met all inclusion and quality criteria and were included for review. More barriers than facilitators were identified from the available literature. An enabler or barrier to smoking cessation for pregnant women is not a fixed entity but dependent on the context of an individual's life. What is an enabler for one woman may be considered a barrier for another, and these are dependent on support provided by family and friends. Further research is needed to optimise ways of addressing these barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract 'Access to Electricity' has been a major issue in India over the past many years. With the goal of achieving Universal Electrification, Government of India has been proposing various modifications in existing electrification schemes as well as new models to accelerate the intensive electrification. One such model is the Community Energy (CE) system which is predicted to be a clean and sustainable means of energy production and use. However, there are certain challenges associated with such systems which remain unexplored due to major focus on centralized electrification approach followed over the years. Thus a holistic policy framework for such systems presently lacks in Indian context due to insufficient literature available discussing barriers and incentives associated with such projects. This paper lists out relevant challenges and enablers associated in the deployment of CE projects in India with their effect on the installation and operation of the project. Thereby, TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) analytical tool is applied to rank the associated challenge or enabler in their respective domain. Necessary inferences are drawn to provide policy implications depending upon the priority of barriers/enablers in the deployment of CE projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Questions What are the attitudes of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) towards physical activity during pregnancy? What are the perceived barriers to and enablers of physical activity during pregnancy in women with GDM? Design A qualitative study with phenomenology and interpretative description as theoretical frameworks. Participants Pregnant women experiencing an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy, diagnosed with GDM, and aged 18 to 40 years were recruited using purposive sampling. Method Semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and returned to participants for member checking. Three researchers independently and thematically analysed the qualitative data using an inductive method. Data were coded and compared, and themes were developed, discussed and defined. Recruitment continued until data saturation. Emergent themes were sent to participants and peer reviewed for confirmation. Results The participants were 27 women, with mean age 32 years (SD 3), mean gestation 30 weeks (SD 5), mean pre-pregnancy body mass index 26 kg/m2 (SD 5), and born in 10 different countries. The process of communicating information about physical activity (messaging) was the main theme to emerge. Sub-themes included: wanting information about physical activity from credible sources; wanting clear, specific information about safe physical activity during a GDM pregnancy; receiving information at GDM diagnosis because this event triggered women's desire to be more physically active; understanding why physical activity is important to improving outcomes for themselves and their babies; and wanting information about flexible, convenient and practical physical activity options. Conclusion To feel confident and safe about being physically active during pregnancy, women with GDM wanted clear, simple and GDM-specific messages from credible sources. Health professionals can support women with a GDM pregnancy with targeted physical activity messages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Morbidity and mortality from heart disease continues to be high in Australia with cardiac rehabilitation (CR) recognised as best practice for people with heart disease. CR is known to reduce mortality, reoccurrence of heart disease, hospital readmissions and costs, and to improve quality of life. Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (Australian First Peoples or Indigenous peoples) have a greater need for CR due to their higher burden of disease. However, CR referral, access and attendance remain low for all people who live in rural and remote areas. The aim of this integrative review was to identify barriers, enablers and pathways to CR for adults living independently in rural and remote areas of high-income countries, including Australia. Methods: Studies were identified through five online data bases, plus reference lists of the selected studies. The studies focused on barriers and enablers of CR for adults in rural and remote areas of Australia and other high-income countries, in English peer-reviewed journals (2007-2016). A mix of qualitative, quantitative and mixed method studies were reviewed through a modified Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA), followed by a critical review and thematic analysis. Results: Sixteen studies were selected: seven qualitative, four quantitative and five mixed method. Five themes that influence CR attendance were identified: referral, health services pathways and planning; cultural and geographic factors necessitating alternative and flexible programs; professional roles and influence; knowing, valuing, and psychosocial factors; and financial costs - personal and health services. Factors identified that impact on referral and access to CR were hospital inpatient education programs on heart disease and risk factors; discharge processes including CR eligibility criteria and referral to ensure continuum and transition of care; need for improved accessibility of services, both geographically and through alternative programs, including home based with IT and/or telephone support. Also, the need to ensure that health professionals understand, value and support CR; the impact of mental health, coping with change and competing priorities; costs including travel, medications and health professional consultations; as well as low levels of involvement of Australian First Peoples in their own care and poor cultural understanding by non-Australian First Peoples staff all negatively impact on CR access and attendance. Conclusion: This study found weak systems with low referral rates and poor access to CR in rural and remote areas. Underlying factors include lack of health professional and public support, often based on poor perception of benefits of CR, compounded by scarce and inflexible services. Low levels of involvement of Australian First Peoples, as well as a lack of cultural understanding by non-Australian First Peoples staff, is evident. Overall, the findings demonstrate the need for improved models of referral and access, greater flexibility of programs and professional roles, with management support. Further, increased education and involvement of Australian First Peoples, including Indigenous health workers taking a lead in their own people's care, supported by improved education and greater cultural awareness of non-Australian First Peoples staff, is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a world where the consequences of inequalities in access to safe drinking water persist, Household Drinking Water Treatment Technologies (HDWT) remains the most readily available and promising alternative solution to prevent waterborne diseases. While successful cases of combating waterborne diseases with HDWT have been documented, there are also reports of failures in reducing water-related illnesses. Understanding the reasons behind these inconsistent results is crucial. This work aimed to identify and critically discuss barriers, enablers, and technology delivery strategies for HDWT-based interventions to improve drinking water safety. Data from 147 articles covering Solar Disinfection, Chlorination, Flocculation-Disinfection, BioSand Filter, and Ceramic Water Filter were extracted from a total of 11,982 systematically retrieved records. Among the identified factors, 77 barriers and 76 enablers were distributed across different domains: psychosocial (37.7, 47.4%), promotion (22.1, 26.3%), technology (28.6, 10.5%), economic (9.1, 14.5%), and environmental (2.6, 1.3%) for barriers and enablers, respectively. Technology delivery strategies primarily included water education and technology promotion, training for technology usage, provision of HDWT through donation or promotional sale, donation of safe water storage, technical assistance, and the use of a diarrhea control diary. All barriers and enablers affect the initial adoption, regular, and sustained use of HDWT and should be considered when planning and implementing interventions. The health impacts of interventions decreased over time since HDWT adoption. Adequate user training, HDWT donation, and high compliance are important predictors of success for HDWT-based interventions. In general, identifying and exploring the listed enablers can help overcome many of the reported limitations. [Display omitted] • Barriers and enablers to HDWT-based interventions are reviewed and discussed. • Most of the identified factors are psychosocial, promotional and technological. • Notion of risk and fear of drinking untreated water determine the adoption of HDWT. • Regular use of HDWT is conditioned by social norms, attitudes and user skills. • User training, HDWT accessibility, and compliance are good predictors of performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to report on a newly funded research project in which we will investigate how secondary students apply mathematical modelling to effectively address real world situations. Through this study, we will identify factors, mathematical, cognitive, social and environmental that “enable” year 10/11 students to successfully begin the modelling process, that is, formulate and mathematise a real world problem. The 3-year study will take a design research approach in working intensively with six schools across two educational jurisdictions. It is anticipated that this research will generate new theoretical and practical insights into the role of “enablers” within the process of mathematisation, leading to the development of principles for the design and implementation for tasks that support students’ development as modellers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a strategic approach to strengthening research methods skills in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to improve disaster resilience (DR). The findings are based on an initial assessment of the nature, scale and beneficiaries of the research methods training program developed as a part of an ERAMUS+ project called ASCENT (Advancing Skill Creation to ENhance Transformation). This project aims at addressing Research and Innovation (R&I) capacity strengthening for the societal DR. The paper examines what research methods skills are needed to be improved in HEIs in three countries, i.e. Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Thailand. This was examined mainly with the use of an online survey questionnaire that was sent to 08 HEIs from these three countries. Altogether 530 responses were received from both the academic and research staff in these institutions. The responses were analysed using version SPSS 23.0 with several analysis techniques such as Mann-Witney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Principal Component Analysis. The research findings revealed that both academic and research staff lack capacity in research methods such as elite interviews, observations, document studies (e.g. secondary data analysis), probabilistic method, interdisciplinary thinking, field experiments, sampling techniques and Delphi studies. The strategic approach to strengthening research methods skills, therefore, focuses on developing a comprehensive and structured research methods training programme encompassing the aforementioned research methods. In addition, several modes of training such as face-to-face, and online training were incorporated in this strategic approach to suit the nature, scale and beneficiaries of the research method training program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Question What are the attitudes, barriers and enablers to physical activity perceived by pregnant women? Design In a systematic literature review, eight electronic databases were searched: AMED, CINAHL, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute, Medline, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus (from database inception until June 2016) and PubMed (from 2011 until June 2016). Quantitative data expressed as proportions were meta-analysed. Data collected using Likert scales were synthesised descriptively. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using an inductive approach and content analysis. Findings were categorised as intrapersonal, interpersonal or environmental, based on a social-ecological framework. Participants Pregnant women. Intervention Not applicable. Outcome measures Attitudes and perceived barriers and enablers to physical activity during pregnancy. Results Forty-nine articles reporting data from 47 studies (7655 participants) were included. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews and focus groups. Meta-analyses of proportions showed that pregnant women had positive attitudes towards physical activity, identifying it as important (0.80, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.98), beneficial (0.71, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.83) and safe (0.86, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.92). This was supported by themes emerging in 15 qualitative studies that reported on attitudes (important, 12 studies; beneficial, 10 studies). Barriers to physical activity were predominantly intrapersonal such as fatigue, lack of time and pregnancy discomforts. Frequent enablers included maternal and foetal health benefits (intrapersonal), social support (interpersonal) and pregnancy-specific programs. Few environmental factors were identified. Little information was available about attitudes, barriers and enablers of physical activity for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus who are at risk from inactivity. Conclusion Intrapersonal themes were the most frequently reported barriers and enablers to physical activity during pregnancy. Social support also played an enabling role. Person-centred strategies using behaviour change techniques should be used to address intrapersonal and social factors to translate pregnant women’s positive attitudes into increased physical activity participation. Registration PROSPERO CRD42016037643. [Harrison AL, Taylor NF, Shields N, Frawley HC (2018) Attitudes, barriers and enablers to physical activity in pregnant women: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy 64: 24–32] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study systematically explored the barriers and facilitators to routine antenatal HIV testing from the perspective of pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa during the implementation period of the Millennium Development Goals. Articles published between 2000 and 2015 were selected after reviewing the title, abstract, and references. Twenty-seven studies published in 11 African countries were eligible for the current study and reviewed. The most common barriers identified include communication with male partners, patient convenience and accessibility, health system and health-care provider issues, fear of disclosure, HIV-related stigma, the burden of other responsibilities at home, and the perception of antenatal care as a “woman's job.” Routine testing among pregnant women is crucial for the eradication of infant and child HIV infections. Further understanding the interplay of social and cultural factors, particularly the role of women in intimate relationships and the influence of men on antenatal care seeking behaviors, is necessary to continue the work of the Millennium Development Goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of solid waste has been recognized as the cornerstone for sustainable development and closed loop circular economy models. Moreover, solid waste management is at the forefront of initiatives seeking to cut greenhouse gas emissions. This research stems from the limited success that solid waste management programs have had in the context of developing countries and the need to overcome the obstacles and impediments hampering the implementation of a sustainable solid waste management framework. It aims to facilitate the optimization process of the applied technical, operational, and managerial schemes, streamline sustainable practices and close the circularity gap that currently exists in waste management taking Lebanon as a case example. Accordingly, a performance assessment and optimization tool was developed to evaluate the administrative, environmental, and operational performance of 27 unions of municipalities and large municipalities encompassing more than 90 villages/cities. The model compares different technologies based on a set of user defined constraints and groups municipalities and operational facilities into four classes: (A) Superior, (B) Satisfactory, (C) Poor, and (D) No service. The excessive amounts of disposal rates, failure in the adoption of a comprehensive solid waste management framework, the absence of a contingency plan, and the consistent reliance on ad hoc strategies for handling solid waste characterized the sector in Lebanon. A thorough analysis of the various waste management systems revealed that none could be classified as "superior", with the ratings of most schemes compounded in the lower end of the spectrum. • Development of an optimized multi-criterion solid waste decision support model. • Model evaluates waste management systems and highlight areas of improvement. • Model categorically stratify municipalities and operational solid waste facilities. • Analyses of various waste systems provide technical indicators of system efficiency. • Identifying enablers for a sustainable and circular economy approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impetus for addressing climate change is real and present, but its translation into action lacks immediacy and severity, and involves reorientating our lifestyles and economies towards sustainability. Drawing on focus groups conducted in seven UK communities, specific interventions were identified as encouraging change in the short-term, maintaining momentum in the medium-term and sustaining sustainability in the long-term to address various enablers of, and barriers to, sustainable lifestyles. The findings illustrate that there are multiple entry points and influencing periods for sustainable living. Given the importance of the temporal dimension in encouraging and sustaining practices for sustainable lifestyles, the paper advances a “what works” approach to sustainable lifestyles that can be embedded with practical solutions. This approach creates a synergy between what individuals want to do to live sustainably and how they want to do this with interventions that are known to create meaningful lifestyles changes and maintain sustainable living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A $12 million Commonwealth funded consortium project trialled energy efficiency initiatives in six remote Indigenous communities over three years. This project, which won several awards, employed and educated over 80 local Yolŋu to educate their fellow community members to use power wisely. The research and evaluation component was designed together by Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers and entailed ethnography and a local Indigenous co-researcher approach. Sixteen local Yolŋu co-researchers conducted 125 in-depth qualitative interviews with community members across six communities in the local languages. At the beginning of the project, the Yolŋu co-researchers conducted 40 narrative interviews with fellow Indigenous community members to find out how they use power, and to identify barriers to and enablers of using power efficiently. Towards the end of the project, Yolŋu co-researchers conducted 85 in-depth interviews with fellow Indigenous community members and with Yolŋu who had educated community members to evaluate the project. The interpreted and transcribed interviews were analysed using a combination of thematic and narrative strategies (interviews at the start of the project) and of content, thematic and narrative strategies (evaluation interviews). The stories provide rare insights into how Yolŋu used, experienced and interpreted fire or power in the old days, missionary times and government days. The stories identify barriers to, and enablers of, Indigenous and non-indigenous people working together designing and conducting projects. The stories capture how Yolŋu educators and Indigenous community members experienced and interpreted the project—including effective practices, challenges, impediments and recommendations for the future. In this paper, we share the essence of these stories to provide an overview of the key barriers and enablers of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people working together in remote Indigenous communities to use power efficiently. We propose that, for projects with Indigenous people to be effective, non-indigenous partners need to closely and genuinely work together with remote Indigenous communities prior to applying for funding and implementing projects as well as throughout the projects. The projects need to employ a long-term and adaptive process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are 15 large-scale CCS projects operating globally. Ten out of these fifteen projects, are located in North America [1] . The European Union's (EU) stated ambition was to have up to twelve operating CCS projects by 2015 [2] , however this goal was not accomplished. The two projects currently operating storage in the European Economic Area, Sleipner and Snøhvit, are located in Norway. Because of this disparity in the number of projects operating in North America and in Europe – ten vs. two – we have analysed business models of major CCS projects in North America and in Europe, with an aim to identify risks and enablers in CCS project financing development on both continents. We find that successful CCS project development depends on multiple factors, such as (i) clarity of regulatory frameworks, (ii) efficiency of permitting processes, and (iii) early and sustained stakeholder engagement for public acceptance. However, project finance remain the most challenging piece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design Qualitative study. Introduction Adherence is paramount to the successful outcome of exercise-based treatment. Purpose of Study The barriers and enablers to adherence to a home- and class-based exercise program were explored in this qualitative study. Methods Semi-structured interviews were carried out to establish common themes relating to the participants' experiences during a year-long randomized controlled trial. Results/Discussion Twelve participants were interviewed. The main enablers to exercise were highlighted as equipment, perceived benefit from the exercises, and longer and more intensive monitoring. Barriers included the lack of motivation, lack of equipment, and pain. Conclusions Implications for practice are incorporating enablers and addressing barriers including self-discharge from classes; the importance of longer term follow-up and the benefits of adopting exercise into a well-established routine may provide potential benefits. Level of Evidence N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]