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Bitter melon seed oil (BMSO) extracted by supercritical CO2 was determined in the present study. At first, a single factor and orthogonal experiment were performed to explore the parameters of extraction pressure, temperature and time on the yield of oil. Then the constituents of extracted fatty acid were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that under the best conditions of extraction pressure (25MPa), extraction temperature (50°C) and extraction time (100 minutes), the yield of oil from shelling bitter melon seed was 36.1% with the CO2 flow rate kept at 10kf/h. Moreover, BMSO was rich in linolenic acid and stearic acid, accounting for 42.362% and 31.481% respectively.

Many methods to reconstruct the corneal topography are based on the Placido disk system. The skew rays can contribute errors to the system when using the reflection image with these methods. To overcome this limitation, a backward ray tracing technique is developed. By performing this technique, a continuous surface representation of the cornea is obtained. The error analysis shows an enhanced accuracy in reconstructing the corneal topography. The colormaps of corneal surface powers are also drawn for graphic representations of corneal topography.

The paper take the solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) as the object, studies the influence of the fuel cell on load characteristics of the distribution network. Structures based on Matlab simulation platform contains the SOFC typical distribution network, and a series of transient simulation was conducted, results indicate that the SOFC power generation system can be describe in its equivalent model based on the URL equivalent circuit-order differential equation of state. On this basis, the access to the distribution network SOFC power generation system regarded as power consumption of the negative dynamic load, proposed containing the SOFC can be to the equivalent the GSLM model containing the SOFC described distribution grid load characteristics.

In this work, magnetic nanoscale Fe3O4 particles were synthesized through coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in alkaline media. The structure, composition and properties of the nanoparticles prepared were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Catalytic efficiency of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was tested in degradation of phenol solution. At pH 7, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate reached 70% in 3 hours. The heterogeneous catalyst exhibited efficient catalytic activity close to that of iron homogeneous catalyst but with less than 3% leaching of irons cation. Further, it performed well under much wider pH range (pH 3~7) compared to classic Fenton reagent, providing potential alternative as a novel heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for environmental remediation.

In this study, we have presented a smart core/shell nanocomposite: intelligent polymer modified iron nanoparticles (PNZVI), which can be easily synthesized by the microemulsion method followed by a in-situ surface-radical graft polymerization. The structure and composition of the nanocomposite particles prepared were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and thermal analysis (TG). The PNZVI exhibited good stability in air since the coating of polymer effectively protected the iron core from oxidation. Furthermore, the stimuli-response of outer polymer layer was capable of creating a stable dispersion of nanoparticles and improving the compatibility of the composite particles with organic pollutant. Batch experiments further confirmed that the prepared PNZVI were capable of effectively reducing trichloroethylene (TCE).

The combined application of TiO2photocatalyst and pulsed high-voltage electrical discharge process for the degradation of organic pollutant parachlorophenol (4-CP) in aqueous solution was tentatively investigated. The optimum conditions for 4-CP removal were applied voltage at 14 kV, electrode distance at 2 cm, pH at 6.5 (close to neutral solution), TiO2concentration at 50 mg/L, gas source O2at 100 L/h, and hybrid corona-streamer discharge mode. Introduced TiO2into pulsed discharge plasma process under such optimum condition, the rate constant of 4-CP degradation (kcp) was greatly promoted, from 1.56×10−3to 2.81×10−3s−1, and energy efficiency for 4-CP removal was greatly enhanced by approximately one time, and it was attributed to more amounts of chemically active species (e.g., ozone and hydrogen peroxide, especially hydroxyl radicals) produced in pulsed discharge plasma process in combination with TiO2photocatalyst.The combined application of TiO2photocatalyst and pulsed high-voltage electrical discharge process for the degradation of organic pollutant parachlorophenol (4-CP) in aqueous solution was tentatively investigated. The optimum conditions for 4-CP removal were applied voltage at 14 kV, electrode distance at 2 cm, pH at 6.5 (close to neutral solution), TiO2concentration at 50 mg/L, gas source O2at 100 L/h, and hybrid corona-streamer discharge mode. Introduced TiO2into pulsed discharge plasma process under such optimum condition, the rate constant of 4-CP degradation (kcp) was greatly promoted, from 1.56×10−3to 2.81×10−3s−1, and energy efficiency for 4-CP removal was greatly enhanced by approximately one time, and it was attributed to more amounts of chemically active species (e.g., ozone and hydrogen peroxide, especially hydroxyl radicals) produced in pulsed discharge plasma process in combination with TiO2photocatalyst.

A novel metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique has been applied to the preparation of the photocatalytic titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon. The effects of various condition parameters such as carrier gas flow rate, source temperature and deposition temperature on the deposition rate were investigated. The maximum deposition rate of 8.2 mg/(g·h) was obtained under conditions of carrier gas flow rate of 400 ml/min, source temperature of 423 K and deposition temperature of 913 K. The deposition rate followed Arrhenius behavior at temperature of 753 K to 913 K, corresponding to activation energy Eaof 51.09 kJ/mol. TiO2existed only in anatase phase when the deposition temperature was 773 K to 973 K. With increase of deposition temperature from 1073 K to 1273 K, the rutile content sharply increased from 7% to 70%. It was found that a deposition temperature of 773 K and a higher source temperature of 448 K resulted in finely dispersed TiO2particles, which were mainly in the range of 10–20 nm.

A novel fluidized electrochemical reactor that integrated advanced electrochemical oxidation with activated carbon (AC) fluidization in a single cell was developed to model pollutant p-nitrophenol (PNP) abatement. AC fluidization could enhance COD removal by 22%–30%. In such a combined process, synergetic effects on PNP and COD removal was found, with their removal rate being enhanced by 137.8% and 97.8%, respectively. AC could be electrochemically regenerated and reused, indicating the combined process would be promising for treatment of biorefractory organic pollutants.

A novel β-PbO2anode modified with fluorine resin was developed for typical pollutant electrocatalytic degradation and wastewater treatment. Various operating parameters such as applied voltage (3.5–10.5 V), pH (2–6), salinity of the electrolyte (0.5–2 g/L K2SO4) and initial phenol concentration (100–400 mg/L) were investigated to explore the electrocatalytic ability of the anode by taking phenol as sample. A preliminary study on dyeing wastewater treatment by this method indicated that the biodegradability could be increased to suit subsequent biological treatment. The stability of the anode has been proved to be high against acidity. The anode showed promising application for treatment of wastewater, especially of high salinity and high acidity wastewater.