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C15H8F4N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n(no. 14), a= 11.2759(7) Å, b= 9.0182(5) Å, c= 14.2235(8) Å, β= 93.834(2)°, V= 1443.13(15) Å3, Z= 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0391, wRref(F2) = 0.1067, T = 273.15 K.

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of Mg-RE (rare-earth)-Zn alloys is important for meeting the requirements of lightweight large-scale components with high manufacturing flexibility. The Mg-8.1Gd-2.6Y-0.7Zn-0.5Zr (GWZ831K, wt.%) alloys were fabricated through the use of WAAM technology, and the microstructure evolution along the building direction and corresponding mechanical properties were then studied. The as-built sample in this paper was composed of finely equiaxed ɑ-Mg grains, eutectic (Mg, Zn)3(Gd, Y) phase, cubic phase, and γʹ precipitates. Furthermore, due to the in-suit heat treatments that were induced by the multiple thermal cycles, more γʹ precipitates were observed in the middle region. The microstructures at different heights were characterized by alternatively distributed fine equiaxed grains (melt pool boundaries, MPB) and coarse equiaxed grains (melt pools, MP). The mechanical properties of the as-built component were found to exhibit yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and elongation (EL) of 159 ± 1.0 MPa, 237 ± 4.0 MPa, and 6.7 ± 0.4 % in the building direction (BD) and 163 ± 5.1 MPa, 242 ± 8.7 MPa, and 7.0 ± 0.7 % in the traveling direction (TD). This demonstrates that the WAAM-processed GWZ831K alloy has good isotropy.

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) with a certain thickness has wide applications in semiconductor electronic devices. In this study, the relationship between the amount of ammonia borane and the thickness of h-BN films was investigated via low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) on a noncatalytic c-plane Al2O3substrate. Through various characterization methods, the grown film was confirmed to be h-BN. The effect of the precursor mass on the growth thickness of the h-BN film was studied, and it was found that the precursor mass significantly affected the growth rate of the h-BN film. The results from SEM show that the amount of ammonia borane is 2000 mg and a 1.295-μm h-BN film is obtained. It will provide an experimental reference for the growth of thicker h-BN materials to prepare high-efficiency neutron detectors for radiation detection.

In this paper, the effect of two-stage homogenisation treatment on the evolution of the second phase was investigated. The microstructure of the extruded 7055 aluminium alloy was composed of α(Al) matrix and other second phases, including MgZn2, Al2CuMg, and Al7Cu2Fe phases. The segregation of second phase was serious and the content was 27.9%. During the 460°C × 24 h homogenisation, MgZn2phases dissolved quickly, but there was still a significant amount of Al2CuMg phases present. After two-stage homogenisation (460°C × 24 h + 480°C × 10 h), the content of Al2CuMg phase decreased from 15% to 3% and the degree of segregation was reduced. In addition, the mechanical properties of the extruded 7055 alloy were effectively improved.

In this paper, the effect of two-stage homogenisation treatment on the evolution of the second phase was investigated. The microstructure of the extruded 7055 aluminium alloy was composed of a(Al) matrix and other second phases, including MgZn2, Al2CuMg, and Al7Cu2Fe phases. The segregation of second phase was serious and the content was 27.9%. During the 460°C?×?24?h homogenisation, MgZn2phases dissolved quickly, but there was still a significant amount of Al2CuMg phases present. After two-stage homogenisation (460°C?×?24?h?+?480°C?×?10?h), the content of Al2CuMg phase decreased from 15% to 3% and the degree of segregation was reduced. In addition, the mechanical properties of the extruded 7055 alloy were effectively improved.

Our main purpose was to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in β-thalassemia major patients who underwent transplantation from September 2012 to November 2019. The PedsQL 4.0 scale proxy version was administered to 221 transplant patients aged 5–18 years. Their HRQOL results in the proxy-report were compared with those in the proxy-report of 429 matched healthy peers and 198 matched nontransplant patients. Compared with their healthy peers, the transplant patients exhibited worse HRQOL in the physical health domain (P< 0.001), school domain (P< 0.001) and overall scores (P= 0.006). Patients within 4 years after transplantation exhibited physical functioning (P< 0.001), school functioning (P< 0.001) and overall HRQOL damage (P= 0.001); the scores across all domains for patients more than 4 years after transplantation were not significantly different from those for the healthy controls. The transplant patients rated their HRQOL for all domains better than the nontransplant patients (P< 0.001). The HRQOL of patients after human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related and HLA-matched unrelated donor transplantation were not significantly different. Chronic graft-versus-host disease and two or more comorbidities were independently negatively associated with overall HRQOL outcomes (P= 0.032 and P< 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, patients more than 4 years after transplantation achieve an HRQOL equal to that of their healthy peers.

Customized heat treatment is essential for enhancing the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metallic materials, especially for alloys with complex phase constituents and heterogenous microstructure. However, the interrelated evolutions of different microstructure features make it difficult to establish optimal heat treatment processes. Herein, we proposed a method for customized heat treatment process exploration and establishment to overcome this challenge for such kind of alloys, and a wire arc additively manufactured (WAAM) Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy with layered heterostructure was used for feasibility verification. Through this method, the optimal microstructures (fine grain, controllable amount of long period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure and nano-scale β′ precipitates) and the corresponding customized heat treatment processes (520 °C/30 min + 200 °C/48 h) were obtained to achieve a good combination of a high strength of 364 MPa and a considerable elongation of 6.2%, which surpassed those of other state-of-the-art WAAM-processed Mg alloys. Furthermore, we evidenced that the favorable effect of the undeformed LPSO structures on the mechanical properties was emphasized only when the nano-scale β′ precipitates were present. It is believed that the findings promote the application of magnesium alloy workpieces and help to establish customized heat treatment processes for additively manufactured materials.

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In the present prospective study, we aimed to investigate the incidence, management, and outcome of VOD/SOS in patients with thalassemia major (TM) who received allo-HSCT. VOD/SOS was diagnosed and classified based on the modified Seattle criteria. The prophylactic regimen for VOD/SOS was a combination treatment of dalteparin and lipo-PGE1. VOD/SOS was managed through an approach consisting of adequate supportive measures, short-term withdrawal of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), and the use of methylprednisolone and basiliximab for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. VOD/SOS was found in 54 of 521 patients (10.4%) at a median time of 12 days after allo-HSCT. The cumulative incidence of all-grade and moderate VOD/SOS was 10.4% and 4.2%, respectively. Among the 54 VOD/SOS patients, no patient developed severe grade and died from VOD/SOS. Besides, the cumulative incidence of transplant-related mortality on day 100 for patients with or without VOD/SOS was 0% vs. 4.0% (P= 0.187), respectively, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 94.3% vs. 93.2% (P= 0.707), respectively. Collectively, we concluded that appropriate symptomatic therapy and short-term withdrawal of CNIs safely mitigated the mortality of VOD/SOS in TM patients who underwent allo-HSCT.

Magnesium and its alloys, as a promising class of materials, is popular in lightweight application and biomedical implants due to their low density and good biocompatibility. Additive manufacturing (AM) of Mg and its alloys is of growing interest in academia and industry. The domain-by-domain localized forming characteristics of AM leads to unique microstructures and performances of AM-process Mg and its alloys, which are different from those of traditionally manufactured counterparts. However, the intrinsic mechanisms still remain unclear and need to be in-depth explored. Therefore, this work aims to discuss and analyze the possible underlying mechanisms regarding defect appearance and elimination, microstructure formation and evolution, and performance improvement, based on presenting a comprehensive and systematic review on the relationship between process parameters, forming quality, microstructure characteristics and resultant performances. Lastly, some key perspectives requiring focus for further progression are highlighted to promote development of AM-processed Mg and its alloys and accelerate their industrialization.

Symbiosis receptor-like kinase (SymRK) is a key protein mediating the legume-Rhizobiumsymbiosis. Our previous work has identified an MAP kinase kinase, SIP2, as a SymRK-interacting protein to positively regulate nodule organogenesis in Lotus japonicus, suggesting that an MAPK cascade might be involved in Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. In this study, LjMPK6 was identified as a phosphorylation target of SIP2. Stable transgenic L. japonicuswith RNAi silencing of LjMPK6decreased the numbers of nodule primordia (NP) and nodule, while plants overexpressing LjMPK6increased the numbers of nodule, infection threads (ITs), and NP, indicating that LjMPK6 plays a positive role in nodulation. LjMPK6 could interact with a cytokinin receptor, LHK1 both in vivoand in vitro. LjMPK6 was shown to compete with LHP1 to bind to the receiver domain (RD) of LHK1and to downregulate the expression of two LjACS(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase) genes and ethylene levels during nodulation. This study demonstrated an important role of LjMPK6 in regulation of nodule organogenesis and ethylene production in L. japonicus.

Background: Previous studies have confirmed that the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remained still very high in patients with thalassemia major (TM) undergoing related haploidentical donor and unrelated donor hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HID-HSCT and MUD-HSCT), which seriously affected patients' overall survival and thalassemia-free survival, especially acute GVHD (aGVHD). This study aimed to investigate whether Daclizumab at a dose of 1 mg/Kg on days +7, +14, +28 and +42 reduced GVHD plus standard GVHD prophylaxis (tacrolimus [FK506] plus methotrexate [MTX] and mycophenolate mofetil [MMF]) in TM patients with HID-HSCT or MUD-HSCT.

Objective:This article primarily examines the clinical attributes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in transplant recipients with thalassemia, offering significant insights into the treatment and care of this patient population.

Background:Cytomegalovirus(CMV) is one of the most important infections following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although Letermovir is licensed for prophylaxis of CMV infection in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant adult CMV seropositive patients. There are limited data for letermovir as primary CMV prophylaxis in pediatric patients . The objective of the study was to analyze the the use of letermovir for prophylaxis from CMV infection in β thalassemia major children undergoing allo-HSCT in a single center.

Under the goal of “double carbon”, energy storage is gradually recognized by the society as a means to adjust the output deviation of new energy sources. However, the development of energy storage industry is limited due to the high cost and unclear revenue model of energy storage batteries. Based on this, this paper proposes a business model in which shared energy storage operators provide bias insurance services for new energy sources. Firstly, based on the perspective of commercial insurance, the business model of the shared energy storage operator providing deviation insurance service is designed; secondly, based on the law of large numbers and the actuarial theory of insurance; and finally, the validity of the model is verified through calculation examples, and the feasibility of the proposed business model is also proved. The research results show that compared with the installed capacity of shared energy storage deviation insurance mode reduces 81.57 % compared with new energy storage, and the insurance cost of unit installed capacity of new energy station saves 71.07 % compared with the cost of self-built energy storage cost and deviation assessment cost, which greatly improves the energy storage utilization efficiency and the economic benefits of energy storage operators. The insurance, a financial product explored in this paper, enriches the profit model of energy storage, provides a feasible path for energy storage investors to lock in profits in advance, helps to stimulate the enthusiasm of energy storage investment, and promote the development of China's new energy and energy storage industry.

The Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite situated in the eastern Tauride belt, southern Turkey, is a well-preserved oceanic lithosphere remnant comprising, in ascending order, mantle peridotite, ultramafic and mafic cumulates, isotropic gabbros, sheeted dikes, and basaltic pillow lavas. Two types of chromitites are observed in the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite. One type of chromitites occurs in the cumulate dunites around the Moho, and the other type of chromitites is hosted by the mantle harzburgites below the Moho. The second type of chromitites has massive, nodular, and disseminated textures. We have conducted the mineral separation work on the podiform chromitites hosted by harzburgites. So far, more than 100 grains of microdiamond and moissanite (SiC) have been recovered from the podiform chromitite. The diamonds and moissanite are accompanied by large amounts of rutile. Besides zircon, monazite and sulfide are also very common phases within the separated minerals. The discovery of diamond, moissanite, and the other unusual minerals from podiform chromitite of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite provides new evidences for the common occurrences of these unusual minerals in ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites. This discovery also suggests that deep mantle processes and materials have been involved in the formation of podiform chromitite.

The developments in ceramic vat photopolymerization technology have the potential to revolutionize the manufacture and application of complex and functional ceramics. At present, there are still defects in parts fabricated by ceramic vat photopolymerization, which are caused by selected materials, layer-by-layer printing, and part processing. These defects restrict the shaping accuracy and performance of ceramic parts and hinder the further application and development of this technology. It is necessary to systematically review the generation and control of defects in ceramic vat photopolymerization. This review summarized the defect types (geometry-related defects and performance-related defects), defect detection methods, theoretical analysis and numerical modeling simulation of defects, defect generation mechanisms, defect control, and innovative methods of ceramic vat photopolymerization. The feasible methods of defect control and performance improvement were proposed, including particle coating, slurry improvement, new green part processing methods, novel printing manners, composite ceramic or precursor, optimized debinding and sintering. The main challenges (caused by both additive printing and traditional processes; caused by the light-curing principle itself; and the right application for various ceramic vat photopolymerization technologies) were discussed, and future research directions for ceramic vat photopolymerization had prospected.

The aim of this study was to confirm the anti-inflammatory effect and explore the adverse effects and underlying mechanisms of Prunella vulgarisL., which has been extensively used for hundreds of years in East Asia. Network pharmacology studies predicted that glucocorticoids (GCs), GC-targeting molecules, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were intensively involved in the anti-inflammation and glucose intolerance. To attest the effects and underlying mechanisms, C57 male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, control (C), dexamethasone (Dex), water extract of P. vulgaris(PE 35 or 70 mg), and PE (70 mg) + mifepristone (PEM). After a 3-week treatment, acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests confirmed the peripheral and central analgesic effects, respectively. Plasma GCs and BDNF were significantly increased. Coincidently, plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL1β, IL6, and IL10, were decreased by PE treatment, which were blocked by the application of mifepristone (P< 0.5). Western blots confirmed GC receptor (GR) translocation, and decreased cyclooxygenase 2 in the lumber spine by PE treatment. Food intake was impeded after a 4-week PE treatment, but the ratio of bodyweight gain to food intake was increased in a time-dependent manner. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test disclosed that PE treatment impaired glucose disposal in mice. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that hepatic GC-responsive genes such as GC-induced leucine zipper protein and glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 were up-regulated, and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein expressions were decreased by PE treatment. Hypothalamic BDNF was up-regulated, whereas hepatic BDNF was down-regulated. The regulation of these genes by PE was reversed by mifepristone administration. In conclusion, PE treatment plays analgesic and glucose regulation roles simultaneously through GC-induced signaling pathways, and P. vulgarismay provide a natural ligand of GR for the treatment of inflammation with glucose dysregulation.

Receptors for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are composed of the calcitonin-like receptor in association with receptor activity-modifying protein-1 (RAMP1). CGRP is an extremely potent vasodilator and may protect against vascular disease through other mechanisms.

We have characterized 4 of the 16 members of the family of dynamin-related proteins (DRP) in Arabidopsis. Three members, DRP1A (previously referred as ADL1), DRP1C and DRP1E, belong to the largest group of phragmoplastin-like proteins. DRP2A (ADL6) is one of the two members that contain a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and a proline-rich (PR) motif, characteristics of animal dynamins. All four proteins interacted in yeast two-hybrid assays with phragmoplastin, and showed different patterns of localization at the forming cell plate during cytokinesis. GFP-tagged DRP1A and DRP1C proteins were found to be associated with the cytoskeleton in G1 phase of the cell cycle. The distribution pattern of DRP1A was sensitive to propyzamid and insensitive to cytochalasin D, suggesting that DRP1A is associated with microtubules and not actin filaments. The association of DRP1A with microtubules was confirmed in vitroby spin-down assays. A GTPase-defective phragmoplastin acted as a dominant negative mutant, reduced transport of vesicles to the cell plate and formed dense tubule-like structures in the cell plate. We propose that DRP1 proteins may provide an anchor for Golgi-derived vesicles to attach to microtubules, which in turn direct the vesicles to the forming cell plate during cytokinesis. Whereas the DRP1 subfamily members are involved in tubulization of membranes, DRP2 may be involved in endocytosis and membrane recycling via clathrin-coated vesicles.

Mouse chromosome 7F4/F5, where the imprinting domain is located, is syntenic to human 11p15.5, the locus for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. The domain is thought to consist of the two subdomains Kip2 (p57(kip2))/Lit1 and Igf2/H19. Because DNA methylation is believed to be a key factor in genomic imprinting, we performed large-scale DNA methylation analysis to identify the cis-element crucial for the regulation of the Kip2/Lit1 subdomain. Ten CpG islands (CGIs) were found, and these were located at the promoter sites, upstream of genes, and within intergenic regions. Bisulphite sequencing revealed that CGIs 4, 5, 8, and 10 were differentially methylated regions (DMRs). CGIs 4, 5, and 10 were methylated paternally in somatic tissues but not in germ cells. CGI8 was methylated in oocyte and maternally in somatic tissues during development. Parental-specific DNase I hypersensitive sites (HSSs) were found near CGI8. These data indicate that CGI8, called DMR-Lit1, is not only the region for gametic methylation but might also be the imprinting control region (ICR) of the subdomain.

Phragmoplastin, a high molecular weight GTPase belonging to the dynamin superfamily of proteins, becomes associated with the cell plate during cytokinesis in plants. Growth of the cell plate requires continuous fusion of vesicles, and phragmoplastin appears to play a role in the formation of vesicle-tubule-vesicle structures at the cell plate. In this study, we have demonstrated that two self-assembly domains (SA1 and SA2) are involved in polymerization of phragmoplastin. SA1 is about 42 amino acids long and is located near the N terminus overlapping with the GTP-binding region. SA2, containing at least 24 amino acids, is located in the middle of the molecule outside the GTP-binding domain. Peptides containing either SA1 or SA2 interact efficiently with the full-length phragmoplastin. The SA1 domain of one phragmoplastin molecule also binds to SA2 of another as confirmed in vitroby using radiolabeled peptides. This interaction leads to the formation of polymers with a staggered contoured spiral structure. Electron microscopy studies revealed that helical arrays of phragmoplastin can be induced by reducing salt concentration. Our results suggest that phragmoplastin may assemble into helical arrays that wrap around and squeeze vesicles into vesicle-tubule-vesicle structures observed on the forming cell plate.

The overlap repulsive potentials of ion pairs (Li +-F-, Na+-F- and K+-F-) are calculated by means of generalized Heitler-London method and the numerical results are fitted in the Born-Mayer form, i.e. Dexp ( - αR), Then the parameter D for each pair potential is modified to satisfy the crystal equilibrium condition at the experimentally known lattice constant. The redetermined repulsive potentials are applied to calculate the cohesive energies, bulk moduli, equations of state and NaC1-to-CsC1 structural phase transition pressures of LiF, NaF and KF crystals. The results obtained are compared with some other theoretical values and the available experimental data, and good agreement is reached.

Abstract

The symbiotic association between the legume Lotus japonicusand the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Mesorhizobium lotiresults in the formation of root nodules. This process begins with the recognition of the rhizobial nodulation factor (NF) by the NF receptors (NFR) at the cell surface of the host roots. The downstream signaling cascades after NFR recognition have not been fully characterized. We recently identified a clathrin heavy chain 1 (CHC1) from L. japonicusas a potential target of the NF signaling cascades. CHC is a known central component in the clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in eukaryotic cells. The CHC1gene was highly expressed in Rhizobium-infected root hairs and the CHC1 protein was present in cytoplasmic punctate structures near the infection pockets and along the infection thread membrane. Furthermore, expression of a dominant-negative variant of CHC1 or treatment with a chemical inhibitor of CME resulted in impaired phenotypes in the NF signaling, rhizobial infection and nodulation. These findings open a new avenue for future work aiming at understanding the role of endocytosis in NF signaling pathway and rhizobial infection.