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Si3N4–TiN–SiC composites were prepared by partial substitution of the Ti–Si–Fe alloy extracted from high-titanium blast furnace slag for Si under nitrogen atmosphere. The nitridation, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated in detail. The results show that Ti–Si–Fe alloy facilitated the nitridation of Si and full nitridation of Si was achieved in the compacts with 3.6–5.4 wt.% Ti–Si–Fe alloy additive, and thus, densification and mechanical performances of the composites were improved obviously. Propagating of microcracks induced by the volume expansions accompanying with the conversion of Ti5Si3and TiSi2to nitrides at 950–1050 °C built new N2(g) transport channels in the compacts. In the following up nitridation process, adequate N2(g) was transported through these channels into the compacts to fundamentally enhance contact of N2with Si, facilitate and ensure the complete nitridation of internal Si. Moreover, the Ti–Si–Fe–Mn–N eutectic liquid played an important role in the formation of both α- and β-Si3N4, and the Fe in the Ti–Si–Fe alloy was of great importance for the formation of fibrous Si3N4by the reaction between SiO(g) and N2(g).

The ability to recognize and differentiate between conspecifics and heterospecifics as well as their signals is critical for the coexistence of closely related species. In the genus Rattus, species are morphologically similar and multiple species often coexist. Here, we investigated the interspecific recognition and signal differentiation of two sympatric rat species, the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus, RN) and the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi, RT). In a two-way choice test, both RN and RT females showed a preference for conspecific male rats to heterospecific ones. RT females showed a significant preference for accessible urine of males of same species to those of other species, but not for the inaccessible urine. On the other hand, there were significant differences in the structural characteristics of the ultrasonic vocalization emitted by males of these two rat species. Sodium dodecyl sulphate‒polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‒PAGE) and isoelectric focusing electrophoresis unveiled that major urinary proteins (MUPs) in voided urine were more highly expressed in RN males versus RT males. The interspecific differences of urinary volatile compounds were also discussed. In conclusion, female rats had the ability to distinguish between males of either species.

Background: The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as an alternative to low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for extended thromboprophylaxis of abdominal/pelvic cancer-related postoperative thromboembolism (VTE) is unclear. We aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of DOACs vs. LMWH in these patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using EMBASE, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Web of science through May 19th, 2023 for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that compared the outcomes with DOACs vs. LMWH for extended thromboprophylaxis among patients undergoing abdominal/pelvic cancer surgery. Primary efficacy outcome was clinical VTE, and safety outcome was clinically relevant bleeding complications reported within the 30-day postoperative period. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023413175). Results: We identified 5078 articles and selected 29 full-text articles for eligibility. A total of 9 studies (2 RCTs and 7 observational studies) encompassing 2651 patients were included for systematic review and 7 for meta-analysis. When compared with LMWH extended thromboprophylaxis, DOACs had a similar incidence of VTE (RR: 0.65 [95% CI: 0.32–1.33],I2= 0%), major bleeding (RR: 1.68 [95% CI: 0.36–7.9], I2= 26%), and clinically relevant non-major bleeding (RR: 0.68 [95% CI: 0.39–1.19], I2= 0%). Subgroup analysis suggested no difference according to the study type (RCTs versus observational studies) regarding clinical VTE or major bleeding (Pinteraction= 0.43 andPinteraction= 0.71, respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest that DOACs for extended thromboprophylaxis were an effective and safe alternative to LMWH after major abdominal/pelvic cancer-related surgery.

Logistics provider selection is a multi-criteria decision-making problem faced by e-commerce companies. Considering the complexity of the problem and the uncertainty of the decision information, an integrated approach of GTOPSIS is proposed for evaluating and selecting the most suitable logistics provider. The GTOPSIS approach integrates the three-parameter interval grey number (T-PIGN) into the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). It allows decision-makers to use T-PIGN to represent the performance of the alternatives which can retain and utilise the original uncertain assessment information of alternatives to the greatest extent. Besides, the PERT distribution is adopted to weight the three parameters of T-PIGN. A real-life case study is presented to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the GTOPSIS approach.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is characterized by multi-focal pain and is associated with fatigue, unrefreshing sleep and psychological impairment. Pregabalin is one of the most frequently used agents in fibromyalgia treatment. However, it has failed to demonstrate benefit over placebo for reducing fatigue and psychological impairment, and may cause adverse effects (e.g. somnolence, dizziness). “Ba-Duan-Jin” (BDJ) is a common form of “Qigong” exercise for health promotion in China. Growing evidence suggests that BDJ may achieve satisfactory control of fibromyalgia-related symptoms in Chinese patients. Therefore, we wish to ascertain if BDJ could overcome the disadvantages of pregabalin. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial has been designed which will recruit 104 patients with fibromyalgia (age 18–70 years) with a visual analog scale (VAS) pain score of ≥ 40 mm These patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) BDJ group (to undertake guided BDJ exercise and take a placebo capsule) or (2) pregabalin group (to take a pregabalin capsule and receive wellness education and guided muscle-relaxation exercises). The primary endpoint will be changes in the VAS score for pain. The secondary endpoints will be changes in the score for the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck II Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale and Short Form-36 Health Survey Questionnaire. These parameters will be assessed at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks of follow-up. Planned Outcomes: Our results are expected to provide more clinical evidence for the beneficial effects of BDJ in treating fibromyalgia. Trial Registration: NCT03797560.

The quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSSEs) with an inorganic skeleton, a solid–liquid composite material combining their respective merits, exhibit high ionic conductivity and mechanical strength. However, most quasi-solid electrolytes prepared by immobilizing ionic liquid (IL) or organic liquid electrolyte in inorganic scaffold generally have poor interface compatibility and low lithium ion migration number, which limits its application. Herein, we design and prepare a ZIF-8-based QSSE (ZIF-8 QSSE) in which the ZIF-8 has a special cage structure and interaction with the guest electrolyte to form a composite electrolyte with good ionic conductivity about 1.05 × 10–4S cm–1and a higher lithium-ion transference number of about 0.52. With the ZIF-8 QSSE, a protype lithium battery coupled with LiCoO2cathode shows good electrochemical performances with an initial discharge capacity of 135 mAh g–1at 50 mA g–1and a remaining capacity of 119 mAh g–1after 100 cycles, only 0.119% capacity degradation per cycle. It is worth noting that the ZIF-8-based QSSEs have good thermal stability up to 350 °C that does not show thermal runaway, which is significantly higher than that of a conventional organic liquid battery system.

This research was studied the effect of 15 nm SiO2 on the hydration behavior, hydration process and microstructure of spinel-containing high alumina cement (HAC), which is from high titanium blast furnace slag via smelting reduction method of Ti-Si-Fe making process. The results showed that with the increase of nano-SiO2, the heat released rate of hydration and the maximum peak were decreased and advanced. Accumulation of hydration heat to release was considerably improved before 16h. Nano-SiO2 can promote the formation of hydration products or promote the hexagonal phases CaAl2O4·10H2O and Ca2Al2O5·8H2O change into cubic phase Ca3Al2O6·6H2O, which has the pozzolanic and filler effects, which The pore size distribution of the hydration products was enhanced by nano-SiO2. At the same time, the flexural and compressive strength was increased gradually.

Titanium silicon carbide (Ti3SiC2) were obtained by molten salt synthesis method using the Ti-Si-Fe alloy extracted from high titania blast furnace slag and natural graphite as the raw materials. The phase composition, microscopic structure of the products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The influence of firing temperature and chloride salts species on the phase and morphology of the products were investigated. The results indicated that the synthetic temperature of Ti3SiC2 by molten salt synthesis method was about 100 °C, which was lower than that without molten salts. The “dissolution-precipitation” mechanism governed the overall molten salt synthesis process. The lamellar Ti3(Si,Al)C2 crystal growth obeyed by a two-dimensional ledge growth mechanism.

A redox-neutral copper-catalyzed cascade reaction involving alkoxyl radical-mediated ring expansion/1,4-difunctionalization of 1,3-enynes was developed, offering a straightforward approach to the tetra-substituted allenes with macrolactone, CN, and CF3functional groups. Remarkably, incorporation of the NH2group onto the 1,3-enyne moiety enabled further cyclization to give a unique scaffold containing a lactone and an indole moiety.

The collection efficiency (CE) of an aerosol sampler is usually assessed dependently by using a sampler with higher CE and higher sampling accuracy or comparing the grain size distribution, concentration and/or other characteristics of the collected dust to that of the original dust, instead of the sampler itself. To establish a simple method for the assessment on the collection efficiency (CE) of an aerosol sampler, a self-dependent method was derived to calculate the CE of an aerosol sampler, which was patented with the number of ZL200910233001.X by the State Intellectual Property Office of China. According to the patent method, two or more uniform aerosol samplers of the same model were connected in series the inlet of a sampler was connected directly with the outlet of another sampler. The CE (η) of the aerosol sampler can be calculated by a simple equation as: η=1-m2/m1, in which m1 and m2 is the weight of the aerosol particles collected by sampler 1# and sampler 2# in the connection sequence, respectively. A cascade impactor sampler was used to sample in a micrometer particle (d50=2.5 μm) aerosol environment and a nanoparticle (d50=42 nm) aerosol environment which were formed artificially in a glove box, as well as a workplace environment which manufactured nanometer powders. The sampling test results indicated that the cascade impactor sampler showed relative high CE (99.51%) for micrometer aerosol but a little bit low CE (95.2%) for nanoparticle aerosol. However, a low CE (93.93%) was calculated out by the method because of low concentration aerosol nanoparticles in the workplace environment, which result to big testing errors. It was found that the assessment result on collection efficiency of a sampler is highly affected by the subsequent analytical methods and detection accuracies after the sampling process. If the precision of the electronic balance was improved to a reasonable higher order of magnitude, the cascade impactor sampler can hopefully show much higher collection efficiency on nanoparticle aerosols.

After a large number of micro-grid power has been accessed to energy saving, the system would bring new challenges to the power distribution network in planning, design and construction. RCD directly related to the safety of persons and equipment. This article describes the commonly type of grounding protection, and analyze their respective advantages and disadvantages of the structure and characteristics of the micro-grid power supply system, the structure and characteristics of the ground type in the micro-grid power supply system were studied, the choice of RCD were focused on.

Many artificial neural networks are the simple simulation of brain neural network’s architecture and function. However, how to rebuild new artificial neural network which architecture is similar to biological neural networks is worth studying. In this study, a new multilayer feedforward small-world neural network is presented using the results form research on complex network. Firstly, a new multilayer feedforward small-world neural network which relies on the rewiring probability heavily is built up on the basis of the construction ideology of Watts-Strogatz networks model and community structure. Secondly, fault tolerance is employed in investigating the performances of new small-world neural network. When the network with connection fault or neuron damage is used to test the fault tolerance performance under different rewiring probability, simulation results show that the fault tolerance capability of small-world neural network outmatches that of the same scale regular network when the fault probability is more than 40%, while random network has the best fault tolerance capability.

Granularity is the main parameter of evaluating materials, from the analysis of powder producing system that made of vibration mill, the material’s size can be controlled through controlling the speed of motor. Focus on the complex nonlinear in the processing of ground breaking, the two dimensional controller is designed. Due to the subjectivity and randomness in the designing method of classic fuzzy controller, so genetic algorithm is used to put fuzzy controller some learning function in order to obtain better control effect of the system.

The key problem which the control of landslide hazard is the prediction of landslide fatalness, successful landslide forecast can consumedly decrease the loss caused by landslide hazard. Landslide spatial forecast can determine the location of unstable slope. For a certain landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir area, according to the existing monitoring data and analysis methods, such as: nonlinear regression analysis method, exponential smoothing and gray prediction method, to forecast deformation tendency of landslide from quantitative point and take comparative study. Results indicate that the gray prediction method is more tally with the reality in the deformation prediction. It can provide reference for deformation forecast of similar landslide or slope prevention in chongqing and Three Gorges Reservoir area.

The production of functional activated carbon (AC) prepared from cheap agricultural biomass combustion residue rice husk ash (RHA) has been utilized as the adsorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue from an aqueous solution was examined in this study. The RHA was subjected to a chemical pretreatment by ZnCl2, followed by carbonization in a muffle. The experimental data were analyzed by the Freundlich models of adsorption. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Freundlich model. The rates of adsorption were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetics with good correlation.

Nanoparticle number concentration distributions were measured at various sites in a plant manufacturing nano-sized titanium dioxide powder. It was found that aerosol nanoparticles suspended in the air were mainly in the form of agglomerated particles, and had the average diameters of 124.2 nm and 524.4 nm, respectively. The number concentration of aerosol particles increased with source height, but decreased with distance from the source. The concentration was highly affected by the dispersive forces of the discharging port, and the suspension and the agglomeration of particles. The aerosol particles accumulated after a long working time, and the concentration was reduced at large suspending distances. In contrast, the concentration of primary particles was higher for a working time of less than 2 hours, and returned to normal levels after 3 hours, due to the accumulation and agglomeration effects experienced by the primary particles. Motivated by these findings, an aerosol enclosure was developed in this study, and it showed excellent control over the distribution of aerosol particles, including the agglomerated and primary particles. This is thus a promising approach to achieve effective and efficient personal protection in the workspace.

The traditional simulated annealing algorithm adopts serial optimization structure, and it has the defects of slow annealing process, low computational efficiency and so on. On the basis of the traditional simulated annealing algorithm, the improved simulated annealing optimization algorithm with the global harmony search Mechanism is put forward, which can quicken convergence rate and raise search efficiency at the same time of ensuring algorithm to fall in the global optimal solution. In this paper, by using conventional optimization algorithm, traditional simulated annealing algorithm and the improved optimization algorithm to optimize the famous global optimization function, the results show that the improved optimization algorithm has the advantages of high computational efficiency, high computational accuracy, etc.

In order to improve the properties of titania nanotubes (TNTs), Fe-doped TNTs were prepared by impregnation method. The crystalline phase, tubular structure and special surface area of TNTs were characterized by XRD, TEM and BET. XRD spectra results revealed that the crystalline phase of TNTs was unchanged after doping iron. The TEM revealed that the materials prepared by hydrothermal method had a complete tubular structure and that structure was completely intact after doping iron. The special surface areas of Fe-doped and bare TNTs were 233.9m2/g and 298.2m2/g , respectively, which indicated that the surface area was decreased after doping iron. The adsorption amount of As(Ⅴ) results reached 35.5 mg/g at 15℃ for the Fe-doped TNTs, while just 10.5 mg/g for the bare ones at the same condition, suggesting the application in the treatment of low concentrations of pollutants in water as an efficient adsorbent for Fe-doped TNTs.

The reductive degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) by three kinds of iron-based materials, namely, copper-doped iron, scrap iron and iron powder, was investigated in detail. The effects of iron materials, pH and iron dosage on the removal efficiency were studied. The results indicated that copper-doped iron had the highest removal rate of 2,4-DNT. The removal rate of 2,4-DNT increased with increasing temperature. After addition of sodium sulfate, the removal rate of 2,4-DNT was enhanced. According to GC/MS analyses, 2,4-diaminotoluene was the final product of 2,4-DNT and possible reductive pathway of 2,4-DNT was proposed.

By a environmentally friendly method with the control of anionic amino acid surfactant N-lauroylsarcosine sodium (Sar-Na), hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoplates were synthesized and the adsorption behavior of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were carefully studied. The products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results showed that hydroxyapatite nanocrystals with lengths of 100 nm, a width of 10 nm and a high aspect ratio (10:1) were obtained. Results of UV-Vis spectrum indicate that prepared hydroxyapatite nanoplates can be effectively adsorbed BSA. The current work provides a new approach to produce biomaterials.

To explore the possible correlation between bladder compliance (BC) and the changes in detrusor collagen fiber content after bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the proteasome inhibitor MG132-induced apoptosis pathway in HL-60 cells and the role of allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Methods: Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expressions of p21 protein, p27 protein and p53 protein in HL-60 cells treated with MG132 were measured by Western blot. The proliferation of, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) after treatment with 75 Gy irradiated HL-60 cells treated with MG132 was measured with CCK-8. Results: High-dose MG132 induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. No significant change was observed in MG132-induced apoptosis after inhibiting caspase-8 and caspase-9 pathway. The expressions of p21 protein and p27 protein increased in MG132-induced apoptosis. HL-60 cells treated with low-dose MG132 improved the proliferation of PBMNCs from healthy volunteers. Conclusion: High-dose MG132 induced apoptosis and directly killed HL-60 cells. MG132 induced apoptosis in a caspase-8- and caspase-9-independent pathway. p21 protein and p27 protein were involved in MG132-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. HL-60 cells treated with Low-dose MG132 improved the effect of promoting the proliferation of PBMNCs from healthy volunteers.

A new compound [Ni(cyclen)(η2-CH3CO2)]BF4(cyclen = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclodode- cane) has been synthesized and characterized structurally. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pnnmwith a=12.045(5), b=14.906(6), c=8.913(4) Å, V=1600.4(12) Å3, and Z=4. The nickel(II) ion has a distorted octahedral geometry with four secondary amines of the macrocycle and two oxygen atoms of the bidentate acetate group. TGA curve shows its thermal stability is up to 280°C.

The article focuses on the construction of the information dissemination channels of match marketing and the monitoring systems. It is necessary for Game Organizing Committee to set up management department to manage various messages. Information route is divided into message source, message, source-channel, message embracer, feedback and adjust and control. The information management department must influence mass communication by releasing the uniform press release and preparing advertising.

Fe‐catalyzed bromocyclization of polysubstituted 2,5‐hexadiene‐1‐ols (I) provides a simple and efficient access to functionalized tetrasubstituted dihydropyrans.

A facile microwave‐assisted route to pyrazolopyrazinones (III) (12 examples) is given.

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The article presents a paper that examines the different editions of "Study of Sports Training" textbook that has been used as a mandatory teaching material for students specializing in sports training.