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Photocatalytic responses and synergistic effects of V 2 O 5 , TiO 2 , and V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 heterostructures with varied ratios have been investigated, revealing promising outcomes. The successful synthesis of nanostructures and heterostructures was verified through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. Notably, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectral studies confirmed that the optical band gap of V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 heterostructures increases with higher TiO 2 concentrations. These findings enhance our understanding of the agglomerated heterostructures of V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 , particularly with ratios of 1:1 and 1:3, showcasing potential applications in photocatalysis. Furthermore, their performance was subjected to Malachite Green dye degradation using a solar simulator, achieving an impressive efficiency of 93.29%. Additionally, the photocatalytic efficacy was assessed through reusability experiments over three cycles. Remarkably, the heterostructures exhibited stability across these cycles, suggesting their potential for extended use in diverse photocatalytic purposes. The importance of these results is the applicability of our fabricated V 2 O 5 /TiO 2 heterostructures as a photocatalyst with high performance, especially in the realm of sustainable and efficient dye degradation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]