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Several biochemical responses were measured in silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) after exposure to sediments obtained from contaminated Ya-Er Lake, No. 1 pond, and an unpolluted reference site, Honglian Lake. After 1 week of exposure, a significant induction of the phase I biotransformation enzyme (ethoxylresorufin-o-deethylase, EROD) was found (83-fold of control), whereas the phase II biotransformation enzyme (glutathione S-transferase, GST) exhibited a slight, but significant induction (1.4-fold of control) after 4 weeks of exposure. The level of cellular glutathione in the liver was also slightly elevated after 4 weeks of exposure. The delayed response of GST to the contaminants indicates that the phase I and phase II biotransformation enzymes are regulated differently in fish. The results suggest that EROD is a sensitive bioindicator to assess the toxicity of dioxin-contamined sediment in the laboratory.

Abstract: LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition. The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively. The degradation rate at 25–27°C was approximately 20 times higher than that at 1.5–3.5 °C. In a laboratory model aquatic ecosystem, two stages of bioconcentration in fish, daphnia and snail were observed. The first stage, on second day exposure, resulted from accumulation of intact LAS, and the second stage, on 16th day exposure, was due to metabolites. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of LAS was extremely low in the muscle of hybrid carp (0.64), but rather high (2485) in the gall bladder.

Commercial linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), mixture of alkylchain lengths and phenyl position isomers (C10−C13), is widely used as a major constituent of household and industrial detergents in the People's Republic of China. Degradation process and behaviour of LAS compounds during an 82-hour lake water die-away study, with an added LAS concentration of 1.5mg·L−1, was quantified and accomplished by HPLO-UV after extractionon the SepPek C18reversed-phase cartridges. The degradation rate became progressively faster with increasing chain length. The technique described in this study is fast, sensitive and specific, and can be used to determine low levels of LAS and for establishing water quality criteria and standards relating to LAS and its compounds.

Abstract: This paper deals with the bioconcentration of14C-simetryne from water by aquatic test organisms: green algae—Monoraphidium minutum, rotifers—Brachionus rubens, daphnids—Daphnia magna, and fish—Brachydanio rerio. The chemical was bioconcentrated rapidly in all test species during the first 48 hours of experiment. The BCF values (bioconcentration factor) from all uptake studies show that simetryne has higher accumulation in algae than in rotifers, daphnids and zebra fish. The logarithm of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient of simetryne measured as 2.06±0.05 was correlated with the BCFs in the organisms as based on the lipid contents. 14C-simetryne uptake via the food-chain amounted to only 22% to 42% of the bioconcentration from water. Clearance of14C-derived residues from fish was rapid with a half-life of 2.1 days.