1. Lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid binding by antimicrobials used in oral care formulations.
- Author
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HAUGHT, JOHN CHRISTIAN, SANCAI XIE, CIRCELLO, BEN, TANSKY, CHERYL S., KHAMBE, DEEPA, YIPING SUN, YAKANG LIN, SREEKRISHNA, KOTI, KLUKOWSKA, MALGORZATA, HUGGINS, TOM, and WHITE, DONALD J.
- Subjects
DENTAL care ,LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES ,LIPOTEICHOIC acid ,ANTI-infective agents ,TOLL-like receptors - Abstract
Purpose: To study the reactivity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) with the cationically charged agents cetylpyridinium chloride, stannous fluoride, and the non-cationic agent triclosan. We also assessed the effect of these agents to inhibit LPS and LTA binding to cellular Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) in vitro. Methods: The ability of these antimicrobials to bind with LPS and/or LTA was assessed in both the Limulus amebocyte lysate and BODIPY-TR-cadaverine dye assays. Mass spectroscopy was then used to confirm that stannous fluoride directly binds with LPS and to determine stoichiometry. Lastly, we looked for possible inhibitory effects of these antimicrobial agents on the ability of fluorescently conjugated LPS to bind to TLR4 expressed on HEK 293 cells. Results: Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and stannous salts including stannous fluoride interfered with LPS and LTA reactivity in both dye assays, while triclosan had no effect. Mass spectroscopy revealed direct binding of stannous fluoride with E. Coli LPS at 1:1 stoichiometric ratios. In the cellular assay, cetylpyridinium chloride and stannous fluoride, but not triclosan, inhibited LPS binding to TLR4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016