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Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) as a promising and low-cost battery technology offer the advantage of utilizing abundant and cost-effective K-salt sources. However, the effective adoption of PIBs necessitates the identification of suitable electrode materials. The 1T phase of MoS2exhibits enhanced electronic conductivity and greater interlayer spacing compared to the 2H phase, leading to a capable potassium ion storage ability. Herein, we fabricated dual carbon engineered 1T/2H MoS2viaa secure and straightforward ammonia-assisted hydrothermal method. The 1T/2H MoS2@rGO@C structure demonstrated an expanded interlayer spacing (9.3 Å). Additionally, the sandwich-like structural design not only enhanced material conductivity but also effectively curbed the agglomeration of nanosheets. Remarkably, 1T/2H MoS2@rGO@C exhibited impressive potassium storage ability, delivering capacities of 351.0 mA h g−1at 100 mA g−1and 233.8 mA h g−1at 1000 mA g−1following 100 and 1000 cycles, respectively. Moreover, the construction of a K-ion full cell was successfully achieved, utilizing perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) as the cathode, and manifesting a capacity of 294.3 mA h g−1at 100 mA g−1after 160 cycles. This underscores the substantial potential of employing the 1T/2H MoS2@rGO@C electrode material for PIBs.

In terms of the need for a low-carbon economy and alleviating the need for energy security, hydrogen (H2) plays a key role in promoting a sustainable economy because it is clean and efficient. The bottleneck of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can be overcome by developing high-efficiency electrocatalysts. Using a simple solvothermal method, p-NixCo9–xS8with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) compounds are successfully prepared with synergistic effects between bimetallic sulfides. The resulting p-NixCo9–xS8catalyst shows a hierarchical flowerlike nanosheet shape based on physical representations. An ultrathin and porous nanosheet surface facilitates rapid electrolyte injection and provides abundant active sites for H+adsorption, thus giving p-NixCo9–xS8nanosheets outstanding HER performance. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of a bimetallic electrocatalyst is helpful to improve HER activity. In comparison to NixCo9–xS8nanosheets without PVP, individual Co9S8particles, and individual Ni9S8nanosheets, p-NixCo9–xS8nanosheets have a lower overpotential (137 mV to 10 mA cm–2), Tafel slope (109 mV dec–1), and 95.7% retention of current after 1000 cycles in the HER process.

Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries are very attractive in large-scale storage applications, because they have high safety, low cost and good durability. Nonetheless, their advancements are hindered by a dearth of positive host materials (cathode) due to sluggish diffusion of Zn2+in the solid inorganic frameworks. Here, we report a novel organic electrode material of poly 3,4,9,10-perylentetracarboxylic dianhydride (PPTCDA)/graphene aerogel (GA). The 3D interconnected porous architecture synthesized through a simple solvothermal reaction, where the PPTCDA is homogenously embedded in the GA nanosheets. The self-assembly of PPTCDA/GA coin-type cell will not only significantly improve the durability and extend lifetime of the devices, but also reduce the electronic waste and economic cost. The self-assembled structure does not require the auxiliary electrode and conductive agent to prepare the electrode material, which is a simple method for preparing the coin-type cell and a foundation for the next large-scale production. The PPTCDA/GA delivers a high capacity of ≥200 mAh g–1with the voltage of 0.0∼1.5 V. After 300 cycles, the capacity retention rate still close to 100%. The discussion on the mechanism of Zn2+intercalation/deintercalation in the PPTCDA/GA electrode is explored by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations. The morphology and structure of PPTCDA/GA are examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Metallic anodes have high theoretical specific capacities and low electrochemical potentials. However, short-circuit problems caused by dendritic deposition and low Coulombic efficiency limit the cyclic life and safety of metallic anode-based batteries. Herein, dendrite-free and flexible three-dimensional (3D) alkali anodes (Li/Na-Ti3C2Tx-rGO) are constructed by infusing molten lithium (Li) or sodium (Na) metal into 3D porous MXene Ti3C2Tx-reduced graphene oxide (Ti3C2Tx-rGO) membranes. First-principles calculations indicate that large fractions of functional groups on the Ti3C2Txsurface lead to the good affinity between the Ti3C2Tx-rGO membrane and molten alkali metal (Li/Na), and the formation of Ti-Li/Na, O-Li/Na, and F-Li/Na mixed covalent/ionic bonds is extremely critical for uniform electrochemical deposition. Furthermore, the porous structure in Li/Na-Ti3C2Tx-rGO composites results in an effective encapsulation, preventing dendritic growth and exhibiting stable stripping/plating behaviors up to 12 mA·cm–2and a deeper capacity of 10 mA·h·cm–2. Stable cycling performances over 300 h (750 cycles) at 5.0 mA·cm–2for Li-Ti3C2Tx-rGO and 500 h (750 cycles) at 3.0 mA·cm–2for Na-Ti3C2Tx-GO are achieved. In a full cell with LiFePO4cathodes, Li-Ti3C2Tx-rGO electrodes show low polarization and retain 96.6% capacity after 1000 cycles. These findings are based on 2D MXene materials, and the resulting 3D host provides a practical approach for achieving stable and safe alkali metal anodes.

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) affects 25 million adults in the United States. Little emphasis has been placed on inflammatory changes associated with CVI. We hypothesize that in patients with early to mid-stage benign varicose vein disease, differences in circulating inflammatory mediators will be manifested in blood draining the involved area vs circulating blood in control subjects.

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Silver dendrites (AgDs) were directly deposited on a Ti plate via a facile electrochemical approach, without adding any surfactants and templates. The AgDs/Ti electrode was proved to be electrocatalytically active for N2H4electro-oxidation. N2H4electro-oxidation on the sample began at −0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl. At −0.2 V in 0.02 M N2H4and 1.0 M KOH, the correspondent oxidation current density reached 5.7 mA cm−2. Moreover, the kinetic parameters of N2H4electro-oxidation on the sample were investigated systematically.Three-dimensional Ag dendrites (AgDs) were directly grown on Ti plate via a one-step galvanostatic electrodeposition, without introducing any surfactants or templates. The prepared AgDs/Ti electrode presented a high electrocatalytic activity toward N2H4electro-oxidation, which is attributable to the electrochemical active sites existed in the branched structure. Moreover, the kinetic parameters of N2H4electro-oxidation on the sample were investigated.

Binding of cis-(+)-3-methylfentanyl isothiocyanate (SUPERFIT) to cloned opioid receptors stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was characterized. SUPERFIT inhibited [3H]diprenorphine binding with much higher affinity for the δ than the μ or κ receptor. Pretreatment with SUPERFIT followed by extensive washing reduced δ binding with an IC50value of 7.1 nM, yet it did not affect μ and κ binding up to 0.1 μM. The reduction in δ binding by SUPERFIT pretreatment was due to a decrease in Bmaxwith no change in Kd. These results indicate that SUPERFIT is a highly selective δ irreversible ligand. We then determined the region in the δ receptor that confered binding selectivity for SUPERFIT by examining its binding to six μ/δ chimeric receptors. SUPERFIT bound to δ, μ/δ1 (amino acids μ1-94/δ76-372), δ/μ3 (δ1-134/μ154-398), and δ/μ4 (δ1-187/μ207-398) receptors with high affinity but to μ, δ/μ1 (δ1-75/μ95-398), μ/δ3 (μ1-153/δ135-372), and μ/δ4 (μ1-206/δ188-372) receptors with low affinity. Pretreatment with SUPERFIT potently inhibited [3H]diprenorphine binding to δ, μ/δ1, δ/μ3, and δ/μ4 but affected binding to μ, δ/μ1, μ/δ3, and μ/δ4 only at much higher concentrations. Thus, the segment from the beginning of the first intracellular loop to the middle of the third transmembrane helix of the δ receptor is important for selective binding of SUPERFIT.

We determined the binding domains of sufentanil and lofentanil in the μ opioid receptor by comparing their binding affinities to seven μ/δ and six μ/κ chimeric receptors with those to μ, δ and κ opioid receptors. TMHs 6 and 7 and the e3 loop of the μ opioid receptor were important for selective binding of sufentanil and lofentanil to the μ over the κ receptor. TMHs 1–3 and the e1 loop of the μ opioid receptor conferred binding selectivity for sufentanil over the δ receptor. Thus, the region that conferred binding selectivity for sufentanil differs, depending on chimeras used. In addition, the interaction TMHs 1–3 and TMHs 6–7 was crucial for the high affinity binding of these two ligands. These two regions are likely to contain sites of interaction with the ligands or to confer conformations specific to the μ receptor.

•We synthesized LiVO3nanoparticles via a facile one step sintering process.•A vanadium-based full cell LiVO3|| Li3V2(PO4)3is assembled for the first time.•The full cell displays a stable cycling peformance and good rate ability.

A freestanding MXene-derived defect-rich TiO2@reduced graphene oxides (M-TiO2@rGO) foam electrode was fabricated.M-TiO2@rGO presents fast Na+storage kinetics due to capacitive contribution.M-TiO2@rGO foam electrode displays a capacity retention of 90.7% after 5000 cycles.

A mathematical model of the human response to trauma replicates individual patient outcomes but predicts unexpected results in populations.

Title ceramics with x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.30 are prepared by heat treatment (1423 and 1823 K in air for 10 h each) of precursors obtained by coprecipitation from HNO3solutions of Ba(NO3)2, (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6, ZrO(NO3)2, and Sm(NO3)3in the presence of polyethylene glycol.

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