152 results on '"Yi C"'
Search Results
2. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patient specimens by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and deep learning
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Berghmans, Francis, Zergioti, Ioanna, Yang, Yanjun, Li, Hao, Luo, Dan, Cui, Jiaheng, Kumar, Amit, Jones, Leslie, Crabtree, Jackelyn, Naikare, Hemant, Mosley, Yung-Yi C., Spikes, Teddy, Hülck, Sebastian, Chen, Xianyan, Tripp, Ralph A., Ai, Bin, and Zhao, Yiping
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- 2024
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3. Phenethyl isothiocyanate inhibits CD133+/CD90+ liver cancer stem cells by modulation of microRNA‐214‐β‐catenin epigenome axis
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Chu, Yi C., Lin, Sheng‐Tsai, Setiawan, Syahru A., Hsieh, Ming‐Shou, Yadav, Vijesh K., Huang, Ting‐Yi, Yeh, Chi‐Tai, and Chen, Ming‐Yao
- Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the most prevalent and lethal type of malignancies around the globe. Despite the advancement in medical research and therapeutics development, HCC still remains a taunting challenge in clinical settings. Recent studies indicate that the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be the underlying factor for treatment failure, distant metastasis, and disease recurrence. Elevated stemness gene expression has been correlated to disease stage and poorer prognosis in HCC patients. Initially, we established that β‐catenin is highly expressed in HCC clinical samples. We subsequently re‐validated the idea that CD133+/CD90+ subpopulation cells exhibited CSCs properties including elevated stemness expression (β‐catenin, Nanog, c‐Myc, and Twist1), increased self‐renewal capacity and metastatic potential. Using this cell model, we tested the potential anti‐CSCs effects of phenethyl isothiocynanate (PEITC), a phytochemical isolated from cruciferous vegetables. Treatment of PEITC led to a decreased percentage of CD133+/CD90+ cells in both Huh7 and Sk‐Hep1 cell lines. In addition, PEITC suppressed stemness gene expression, self‐renewal ability, and metastatic potential in HCC CSCs. Mechanistically, PEITC conveyed its anti‐CSCs effects via upregulating microRNA‐214, a negative regulator of β‐catenin. In conclusion, we provided evidence that PEITC could suppress HCC CSCs generation/maintenance. With further clinical testing, PEITC could be used either alone or in combination with currently available chemotherapeutic agents to achieve improved efficacy.
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- 2023
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4. Effects of strain rate on spall damage and deformation mechanisms of Mg–3Al–1Zn alloy under Taylor wave loading
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Yang, K., Li, B., Bian, Y. L., Wu, J. F., Yi, C. H., Zou, S. K., Zhang, N. B., and Cai, Y.
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Graphical abstract:
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- 2023
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5. Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV‑2 RNA in Human Nasopharyngeal Specimens Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Deep Learning Algorithms.
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Yang, Yanjun, Li, Hao, Jones, Les, Murray, Jackelyn, Haverstick, James, Naikare, Hemant K., Mosley, Yung-Yi C., Tripp, Ralph A., Ai, Bin, and Zhao, Yiping
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- 2023
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6. Lipid Nanoparticle and Liposome Reference Materials: Assessment of Size Homogeneity and Long-Term −70 °C and 4 °C Storage Stability
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Jakubek, Zygmunt J., Chen, Sam, Zaifman, Josh, Tam, Yuen Yi C., and Zou, Shan
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With recent advances and anticipated proliferation of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-delivered vaccines and therapeutics, there is a need for the availability of internationally recognized reference materials of LNP systems. Accordingly, we developed six LNP and liposome (anionic, neutral, and cationic each) candidate reference material formulations and thoroughly characterized by dynamic light scattering their particle hydrodynamic size (Z-avr) and polydispersity. We also evaluated the particle size homogeneity and long-term −70 °C and 4 °C storage stability using multiple large sets of randomly selected vials for each formulation. The formulations stored at −70 °C remained stable and homogeneous for a minimum of 9 months. The Z-avr relative combined uncertainty and the long-term variability were both <1.3% for liposome formulations and anionic LNPs, (3.9% and 1.7%) for neutral LNPs, and (6.7% and 4.4%) for cationic LNPs. An inadvertent few-hour-long storage temperature increase to −35 °C due to a freezer malfunction resulted in a small change of the size and size distribution of anionic liposomes and LNPs but, unexpectedly, a larger size increase of the neutral and cationic liposomes (≤5%) and LNPs (≤25%). The mean Z-avr values of the LNPs stored at 4 °C appeared to slowly increase with t1/3, where tis the storage time, and the Z-avr between-vial heterogeneity and mean polydispersity index values appeared to decrease; no change was observed for liposomes. The size and size distribution evolution of LNPs stored at 4 °C was attributed to an incomplete equilibration of the formulations following the addition of sucrose prior to the initial freezing. Such a process of size increase and size distribution narrowing has not been previously discussed nor observed in the context of LNPs.
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- 2023
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7. Exosomes as Targeted Delivery Drug System: Advances in Exosome Loading, Surface Functionalization and Potential for Clinical Application
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Guo, Zun Y., Tang, Yue, and Cheng, Yi C.
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Exosomes are subtypes of vesicles secreted by almost all cells and can play an important role in intercellular communication. They contain various proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and other natural substances from their metrocytes. Exosomes are expected to be a new generation of drug delivery systems due to their low immunogenicity, high potential to transfer bioactive substances and biocompatibility. However, exosomes themselves are not highly targeted, it is necessary to develop new surface modification techniques and targeted drug delivery strategies, which are the focus of drug delivery research. In this review, we introduced the biogenesis of exosomes and their role in intercellular communication. We listed various advanced exosome drug-loading techniques. Emphatically, we summarized different exosome surface modification techniques and targeted drug delivery strategies. In addition, we discussed the application of exosomes in vaccines and briefly introduced milk exosomes. Finally, we clarified the clinical application prospects and shortcomings of exosomes.
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- 2023
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8. Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Gold Nanoparticles and a Weak Base Drug.
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Zhigaltsev, Igor V., Tam, Yuen Yi C., Kulkarni, Jayesh A., and Cullis, Pieter R.
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- 2022
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9. Characterizing the CH3SSCH3-Au(111) System From Single Molecules To Full Surface Coverage: A Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study.
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Yi C. Zhang, Lee, David Y., and Hipps, K. W.
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- 2021
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10. Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Gold Nanoparticles and a Weak Base Drug
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Zhigaltsev, Igor V., Tam, Yuen Yi C., Kulkarni, Jayesh A., and Cullis, Pieter R.
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Hybrid lipid nanoparticles containing gold nanoparticles (LNP-GNPs) and drugs have potential for imaging applications as well as triggered release of LNP contents in response to pulsed laser or X-ray radiation mediated by the GNPs. However, methods to synthesize LNP-GNP systems that efficiently entrap GNPs (the potential triggered release and imaging agent) and then load and retain the drug cargo in a manner that may have clinical applications have proven elusive. Here, we develop a straightforward “bottom-up” approach to manufacture drug-loaded LNP-GNP systems. We show that negatively charged GNPs of 5 nm diameter can be stably loaded into LNPs containing 10 mol % ionizable cationic lipid using an ethanol dilution, rapid mixing approach and that these systems also exhibit aqueous compartments. Further, we show that such systems can also entrap ammonium sulfate, enabling pH-dependent loading of the weak base anti-cancer drug doxorubicin into the aqueous compartments. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) imaging clearly demonstrates the presence of GNPs in the interior of the resulting hybrid nanostructures as well as the formation of electron-dense drug precipitates in the aqueous core of the LNP-GNPs. The approach described here is a robust and straightforward method to generate hybrid LNP-GNP-drug and other LNP-metal nanoparticle-drug systems with potential applications for a variety of triggered release protocols.
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- 2022
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11. Isothermal amplification using sequence-specific fluorescence detection of SARS coronavirus 2 and variants in nasal swabs
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Jones, Les, Naikare, Hemant K, Mosley, Yung-Yi C, and Tripp, Ralph A
- Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a public health challenge requiring rapid testing for the detection of infections and transmission. Nucleic acid amplification tests targeting SARS coronavirus 2 (CoV2) are used to detect CoV2 in clinical samples. Real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR is the standard nucleic acid amplification test for CoV2, although reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification is used in diagnostics. The authors demonstrate a sequence-specific reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based nucleic acid amplification assay that is finished within 30 min using minimally processed clinical nasal swab samples and describe a fluorescence-quenched reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay using labeled primers and a quencher oligonucleotide. This assay can achieve rapid (30 min) and sensitive (1000 plaque-forming units/ml) fluorescence detection of CoV2 (WA1/2020), B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and variants of concern Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) in nasal samples.
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- 2022
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12. Anatomical characteristics of maxillary sinus antroliths and their influence on sinus membrane thickness: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography analysis.
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Chen, H.-H., Yi, C.-A., Chen, Y.-C., and Huang, H.-H.
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CONE beam computed tomography ,MAXILLARY sinus ,SINUS augmentation - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the anatomy of antroliths and its influence on the thickness of the maxillary sinus membrane. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed on 239 patients (478 sinuses). The prevalence of antroliths per sinus was 8.4%. Regarding their distribution, antroliths were predominantly unilateral (82.5%), single (67.5%), and in a dentate area (60.0%). The antroliths were mainly located in the molar region (95.0%) and in the sinus floor (77.5%). The measured dimensions of the antroliths were as follows: length 5.6 ± 4.4 mm, width 4.1 ± 2.9 mm, height 3.5 ± 2.1 mm. The relationships between the antroliths and the sinus membrane (type 1, 34.1%; type 2, 52.3%; type 3, 13.6%) indicated that sinus membranes tended to encircle antroliths, which resulted in a gradual increase in membrane thickness. The sinus membrane was found to be significantly thicker in the presence of antrolith(s) (P < 0.001). Antroliths which are sufficiently large or are located adjacent to the sinus floor or lateral wall increase the risk of sinus membrane perforation during sinus augmentation procedures. Therefore, a thorough CBCT evaluation is needed to minimize the risk of complications prior to sinus augmentation procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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13. Characterization of a 3D Printed Electric Solenoid with Multi-layer Silver Nanoparticle Traces
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Mettes, Sebastian, Kohls, Noah, Allen, Kenneth W., and Mazumdar, Yi C.
- Abstract
Multi-material three-dimensional (3D) printing methods that combine conductive and non-conductive materials create new opportunities for the design of electrical circuits as well as electromagnetic actuators. While silver nanoparticle inks have previously been used in 3D printing to enable a wide range of dynamic electromechanical systems, most designs have focused on single-layer and micro-scale devices. In this work, we develop a fully 3D printed, centimeter-scale, 12-layer electric solenoid using conductive silver nanoparticle ink deposited via syringe extrusion and non-conductive polymers manufactured via fused deposition modeling. The design and fabrication techniques for the solenoid are first described. Then, a model for the magnetic force distribution in the solenoid is developed and compared with experimental results. Finally, the mechanical response is analyzed using stochastic system identification techniques. Results show that the solenoid can produce up to 15 mN of force with 6 W of input power. A mechanical bandwidth up to 36 Hz was also observed. After characterization, a 3D printed speaker application is demonstrated using this multi-layer additively manufactured solenoid.
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- 2022
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14. Long-term survival case of a non-small cell lung cancer bone metastasis patient treated with bone cement, radiation and gefitinib.
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HOU, W.-T., XIE, X.-Q., LUO, Y., YI, C., LUO, F., KANG, J.-B., WANG, F., LU, Y., GONG, Y.-L., WU, D.-B., and QU, B.-L.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We explore the treatment of bone metastases in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reported a 76-year-old female patient, who was diagnosed with NSCLC with bone metastasis eight years ago (stage IVA). Due to unbearable diarrhea, she refused chemotherapy, and we adopted local treatment, including local radiotherapy 50 Gy and bone cement to lumbar spinal metastases, 62 Gy local radiotherapy of primary lung tumor, TKI inhibitor gefitinib and zoledronic acid. RESULTS: She survived more than eight years and is still in follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The median survival time for NSCLC patients with bone metastases is often less than 1 year. We reported the patient with more than eight years of survival, showed that some special cases can adopt the methods of local treatment including bone cement, treatment benefit patients, radiation therapy and targeted therapy in clinic to expand the survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
15. Hsa_circ_0041103 induces proliferation, migration and invasion in bladder cancer via the miR-107/FOXK1 axis.
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CHEN, L.-Q., YI, C.-L., LIU, D.-C., WANG, P., ZHU, Y.-F., and YUAN, L.-P.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: CircRNAs have been proven to be vital during the process of malignant tumors. Their functions in bladder cancer (BCa) process remain largely unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of circ0041103 in affecting the malignant phenotypes of BCa, and the possible molecular mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Circ0041103 expression levels in BCa tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The clinical significance of circ0041103 in influencing tumor size, tumor staging and lymphatic metastasis of BCa was analyzed. Regulatory effects of circ0041103 on proliferative and metastatic capacities of T24 and UM-UC-3 cells were examined through functional experiments. The binding target of circ0041103 and its downstream protein were predicted by online bioinformatic tools, which were further confirmed by Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and Pearson correlation test. The role of circ0041103/miR-107/FOXK1 axis in regulating BCa process was explored by rescue experiments. RESULTS: Circ0041103 was abnormally upregulated in BCa tissues and cell lines. Its level was higher in BCa tissues with a larger tumor size, or worse tumor staging, or BCa cases with lymphatic metastasis. Knockdown of circ0041103 inhibited proliferative and metastatic capacities of T24 and UM-UC-3 cells. MiR-107 was the binding target of circ0041103, and FOXK1 was the downstream gene of miR-107. Overexpression of circ0041103 could reverse the inhibited proliferative and metastatic capacities of T24 and UMUC- 3 cells overexpressing miR-107. CONCLUSIONS: Circ0041103 is upregulated in BCa and predicts a poor prognosis in BCa. It stimulates BCa cells to proliferate and migrate via the miR-107/FOXK1 axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
16. Characterization of Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Ionizable Cationic Lipids Using Design-of-Experiments Approach.
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Terada, Takeshi, Kulkarni, Jayesh A., Huynh, Ariel, Chen, Sam, van der Meel, Roy, Tam, Yuen Yi C., and Cullis, Pieter R.
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- 2021
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17. LC/MS-Based Global Metabolomic Identification of Serum Biomarkers Differentiating Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Chronic Hepatitis B and Liver Cirrhosis.
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Pan, Hong Y., Wu, Qing Q., Yin, Qiao Q., Dai, Yi N., Huang, Yi C., Zheng, Wei, Hui, Tian C., Chen, Mei J., Wang, Ming S., Zhang, Jia J., Huang, Hai J., and Tong, Yong X.
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- 2021
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18. EP12.01-45 Real-World Outcomes of Health-Related Quality-of-Life(HRQoL) In Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Aumolertinib
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Li, J., Li, H., Zhao, W., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Yi, C., Wang, X., and Liu, L.
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- 2023
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19. Scalable Production of Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Amphotericin B
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Kulkarni, Jayesh A., Chen, Sam, and Tam, Yuen Yi C.
- Abstract
Lipid-based formulations have been developed to improve stability profiles, tolerability, and toxicity profiles of small molecule drugs. However, manufacture of such formulations involving lipophilic compounds can be labor-intensive and difficult to scale because of solubility and solvent compatibility issues. We have developed a rapid and scalable approach using rapid-mixing techniques to generate homogeneous lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of siRNA, triglycerides, and hydrophilic weak-base drugs. Here, we used this approach to entrap a hydrophobic small molecule, Amphotericin B (AmpB), a hydrophobic drug not soluble in ethanol. The three prototypes presented in this study were derived from LNP-siRNA systems, triglyceride nanoparticles, and liposomal systems. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) revealed that all three LNP-AmpB formulations retain structural characteristics of the parent (AmpB-free) LNPs, with particles remaining stable for at least 1 month. All formulations showed similar in vitro toxicity profiles in comparison to AmBisome. Importantly, the formulations have a 2.5-fold improved IC50for fungal growth inhibition as compared to AmBisome in in vitro efficacy studies. These results demonstrate that the rapid-mixing technology combined with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for drugs insoluble in other organic solvents can be a powerful manufacturing method for the generation of stable LNP drug formulations.
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- 2021
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20. Progress in the study of markers related to glioma prognosis.
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LUO, Y., HOU, W.-T., ZENG, L., LI, Z.-P., GE, W., YI, C., KANG, J.-P., LI, W. M., WANG, F., WU, D.-B., WANG, R.-Y., QU, B.- L., LI, X.- F., and WANG, J.- J.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In the era of precision medicine, molecular and genetic biomarkers act as the key indicators for glioma patients' recurrence and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We summarize the biomarkers of glioma prognosis from molecular level, gene level and microRNA level. RESULTS: In molecular biomarkers, cyclinD1 high expression/P16 low expression, MIF high expression and VEGF high expression were all related to glioma patients' poor prognosis; in genetic biomarkers, MGMT promoter methylation absence, IDH1 wild type, HIF-a high expression, Chromosome 1p/19q non-deletion and TERT promoter mutation were associated with poor prognosis for glioma; in microRNA biomarkers, miR-524-5p, miR-586, miR-433, miR-619, miR-548d-5p, miR-525-5p, miR- 301a, miR-210, miR-10b-5p, miR-15b-5p and miRNA- 182 high expression, miR-124, miR-128, miR- 146b and miR-218 low expression were commonly seen in glioma poor prognosis patients. CONCLUSIONS: With the continuous development of science and technology, the diagnosis of glioma will tend to the gene and molecular level. Finding specific markers is helpful for the early diagnosis and accurate prognosis of glioma, which provides the possibility for individualized treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
21. LncRNA UCA1 regulates proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells by targeting miR-145.
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WEI, H., QIU, Y.-Q., ZENG, Q.-S., WANG, S.-F., and YI, C.-J.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Finding a key target for the development of cervical cancer is conducive to the treatment of cervical cancer. LncRNA UCA1 plays a role in multiple tumors, such as the digestive tract and bladder. However, whether LncRNA UCA1 plays a role in cervical cancer is unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The tumor tissues (tumor group) and adjacent tissues (normal group) of cervical cancer patients were collected for analysis of expression of LncRNA UCA1 and miR-145 by Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Cervical cancer He-La cell line was cultured and divided into NC group, si-UCA1 group, and si-UCA1+ miR-145 inhibitor group. It was followed by the analysis of LucRNA UCA1 expression by Real Time-PCR, cell proliferation by MTT assay, cell migration and invasion by respective cell scratch, transwell chamber assay, and targeted relationship between UCA1 and miR-145 by Dual-Luciferase activity. RESULTS: LncRNA UCA1 expression was significantly increased in cervical cancer and miR- 145 expression was decreased compared with the normal group (p<0.05). There was a negative correlation between them (p<0.05). The downregulation of UCA1 significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion compared with NC group (p<0.05). MiR-145 is the target miRNA of UCA1. The addition of miR-145 inhibitor reversed the effect of UCA1 siRNA on downregulating UCA1 expression, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the si-UCA1 group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: LncRNA UCA1 expression is significantly increased in cervical cancer and miR-145 expression is decreased with a negative correlation between them. Lnc-RNA UCA1 regulates cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting miR-145. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
22. Highly Selective Photocatalytic Valorization of Lignin Model Compounds Using Ultrathin Metal/CdS.
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Han, Guanqun, Yan, Tao, Zhang, Wei, Zhang, Yi C., Lee, David Y., Cao, Zhi, and Sun, Yujie
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- 2019
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23. Characterization of Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Ionizable Cationic Lipids Using Design-of-Experiments Approach
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Terada, Takeshi, Kulkarni, Jayesh A., Huynh, Ariel, Chen, Sam, van der Meel, Roy, Tam, Yuen Yi C., and Cullis, Pieter R.
- Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) containing short-interfering RNA (LNP-siRNA systems) are a promising approach for silencing disease-causing genes in hepatocytes following intravenous administration. LNP-siRNA systems are generated by rapid mixing of lipids in ethanol with siRNA in aqueous buffer (pH 4.0) where the ionizable lipid is positively charged, followed by dialysis to remove ethanol and to raise the pH to 7.4. Ionizable cationic lipids are the critical excipient in LNP systems as they drive entrapment and intracellular delivery. A recent study on the formation of LNP-siRNA systems suggested that ionizable cationic lipids segregate from other lipid components upon charge neutralization to form an amorphous oil droplet in the core of LNPs. This leads to a decrease in intervesicle electrostatic repulsion, thereby engendering fusion of small vesicles to form final LNPs of increased size. In this study, we prepared LNP-siRNA systems containing four lipid components (hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, PEG-lipid, and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-dimethylammonium propane) by microfluidic mixing. The effects of preparation parameters [lipid concentration, flow rate ratio (FRR), and total flow rate], dialysis process, and complex formation between siRNA and ionizable cationic lipids on the physicochemical properties [siRNA entrapment on the particle size and polydispersity index (PDI)] were investigated using a design of experiments approach. The results for the preparation parameters showed no impact on siRNA encapsulation, but lipid concentration and FRR significantly affected the particle size and PDI. In addition, the effect of FRR on the particle size was suppressed in the presence of anionic polymers such as siRNA as compared to the case of LNPs alone. More intriguingly, unlike empty LNPs, a decrease in the PDI and an increase in the particle size occurred after dialysis in the LNP-siRNA systems. Such changes by dialysis were suppressed at FRR = 1. These findings provide useful information to guide the development and manufacturing conditions for LNP-siRNA systems.
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- 2021
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24. On Bernstein Inequality via Chebyshev Polynomial
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Huang, Yi C.
- Abstract
Motivated by applications to the Carleson embedding theorem with matrix weights, Culiuc and Treil proved a Bernstein-type inequality for complex polynomials in the plane which are positive and satisfy a polynomial growth condition on the positive real axis. A sharp form of this Bernstein inequality, with Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind as an extremizer, was later found by Kraus, Moucha and Roth. In this note we show that the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind is indeed the only extremal polynomial for this sharp Bernstein inequality.
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- 2022
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25. Connecting Solution-Phase to Single-Molecule Properties of Ni(Salophen).
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Zhang, Yi C., Chilukuri, Bhaskar, Hanson, Tanner B., Heiden, Zachariah M., and Lee, David Y.
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- 2019
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26. MiR-101 affects proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by inhibition of JAK2.
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WEI, H., HE, W. -R., CHEN, K. -M., WANG, X. -W., and YI, C. -J.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: JAK2 expression and dysfunction play a role in tumor pathogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a targeted binding site between miR-101 and the 3'-UTR of JAK2 mRNA. This study investigated the role of miR-101 in regulating JAK2 expression and affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS: T he t umor t issues and adjacent tissues of patients with cervical cancer were collected. The expression of miR-101 and JAK2 was detected by qRT-PCR. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay validated the targeting relationship between miR- 101 and JAK2. The cervical cancer Caski cells were cultured in vitro, and divided into miR-NC group and miR-101 mimic group. The expression of JAK2 and p-JAK2 was detected by Western blot, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was detected by EdU staining. RESULTS: Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-101 expression was significantly decreased, and JAK2 expression was increased in cervical cancer tissues. There was a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-101 and JAK2. Compared with HcerEpic cells, miR-101 expression in HeLa and Caski was significantly decreased, and the expression of JAK2 and p-JAK2 was significantly increased. Transfection of miR-101 mimic significantly reduced the expression of JAK2 and p-JAK2 in Caski cells, reduced cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease of miR-101 expression and the increase of JAK2 expression play a role in cervical cancer, while the increase of miR-101 expression can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of cells by inhibiting the expression of JAK2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
27. Analysis of gene mutation associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor sensitivity of epidermal growth factor receptor in cervical cancer patients.
- Author
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WEI, H., WANG, X. W., CHEN, K. M., LING, S. R., and YI, C. J.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer is frequent in females. Epidermal growth factor receptor has a prominent expression in certain malignant tumors. This study aims to observe the expressional profile of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cervical cancer patients, and mutation of EGFR gene related with its sensitivity towards tyrosine kinase inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cervical cancer patients from our hospital were recruited as the experimental group, in parallel with chronic cervicitis patients as control group. Serum EGFR level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and EGFR levels in cervical tissues were quantified by immunohistochemistry assay (IHC) staining. Real Time- PCR (RT-PCR) examined mutations of exon 18, 19, and 21 of the EGFR gene, to analyze their correlation with clinical or pathological features. RESULTS: Serum EGFR in experimental group was 1.16 ± 0.04 ng/ml, significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). EGFR positive rate was 71.1% in cancer tissues, significantly higher compared to controlled or adjacent tissues (p < 0.05). Mutation rats of EGFR exon 19 and exon 21 were 3.3% and 5%, respectively. No mutation was found in exon 18. Such mutations of EGFR gene were related with cancer differentiation grade, tumor-lymph-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node or distal metastasis (p < 0.05), but not age, Karnofsky performance score (KPS) score or infiltration depth. CONCLUSIONS: EGFR is highly expressed in serum and tumors of cervical cancer patients, some of which showed mutations of exon 19 and 21 of EGFR gene with relatively lower frequency. Mutation rates were significantly higher in patients with highly differentiated grade, early TNM stage, and those without lymph node or distal metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
28. ANAPHYLAXIS IN PATIENTS WITH INDOLENT SYSTEMIC MASTOCYTOSIS (ISM): A SEVERE, POTENTIALLY LIFE-THREATENING COMPLICATION
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Pongdee, T., Yi, C. Arana, Dybedal, I., Newberry, K., and Vachhani, P.
- Abstract
Patients with Idiopathic Systemic Mastocytosis (ISM), a clonal mast cell (MC) disease primarily KITD816V-driven, often have lifelong debilitating symptoms, including uncontrolled, life-threatening anaphylaxis, and reduced quality-of-life. Frequency of anaphylaxis (20-49%) varies due to disease heterogeneity and diverse anaphylaxis classification systems; incidences is higher in SM versus general population. ISM management strategies include trigger avoidance, self-injectable epinephrine, and symptom management with polypharmacy; largely ineffective measures highlighting the need for more effective ISM-targeted therapies.
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- 2023
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29. Lipid nanoparticle delivery of glucagon receptor siRNA improves glucose homeostasis in mouse models of diabetes.
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Neumann, Ursula H., Ho, Jessica S.S., Chen, Sam, Tam, Yuen Yi C., Cullis, Pieter R., and Kieffer, Timothy J.
- Abstract
Objective Hyperglucagonemia is present in many forms of diabetes and contributes to hyperglycemia, and glucagon suppression can ameliorate diabetes in mice. Leptin, a glucagon suppressor, can also reverse diabetes in rodents. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) effectively targets the liver and is in clinical trials for the treatment of various diseases. We compared the effectiveness of glucagon receptor (Gcgr)-siRNA delivered via LNPs to leptin in two mouse models of diabetes. Methods Gcgr siRNA encapsulated into LNPs or leptin was administered to mice with diabetes due to injection of the β-cell toxin streptozotocin (STZ) alone or combined with high fat diet (HFD/STZ). Results In STZ-diabetic mice, a single injection of Gcgr siRNA lowered blood glucose levels for 3 weeks, improved glucose tolerance, and normalized plasma ketones levels, while leptin therapy normalized blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance, and plasma ketones, and suppressed lipid metabolism. In contrast, in HFD/STZ-diabetic mice, Gcgr siRNA lowered blood glucose levels for 2 months, improved oral glucose tolerance, and reduced HbA1c, while leptin had no beneficial effects. Conclusions While leptin may be more effective than Gcgr siRNA at normalizing both glucose and lipid metabolism in STZ diabetes, Gcgr siRNA is more effective at reducing blood glucose levels in HFD/STZ diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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30. Intercalating Single-Atom Metal Centers into an Organic Monolayer with a Full-Sample Coverage
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Zhang, Yi C. and Lee, David Y.
- Abstract
Thiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been widely used as a straightforward method to functionalize the surface of a common substrate with selective organic functional groups. Here we describe a process that further introduces isolated metal centers into an organic SAM using solutions of metallic porphyrin so that different organic groups and metal single-atoms can be simultaneously exposed on top of the surface. The entire process employs only common laboratory equipment and mild-temperature (<100 °C) incubation to create a full-sample (>cm2) SAM coverage. Each step in this process is closely monitored and discussed using nm-scale scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images. This work can be straightforwardly adopted by research groups interested in such a diversely customizable surface but without access to a vacuum-based deposition technology. The porphyrin molecules are shown to intercalate among closely packed thiolate SAM domains, and STM characterization shows that the entire mixed monolayer is stable in an ambient condition. This process also does not involve any tip-assisted desorption or lithography procedure and can thus be applied toward substrates of other shapes beyond a flat surface.
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- 2018
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31. Design of lipid nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo delivery of plasmid DNA.
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Kulkarni, Jayesh A., Myhre, Johnathan Layne, Chen, Sam, Tam, Yuen Yi C., Danescu, Adrian, Richman, Joy M., and Cullis, Pieter R.
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NANOPARTICLES ,LIPIDS ,SMALL interfering RNA ,HELA cells ,CANCER cells ,NANOMEDICINE ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) containing distearoylphosphatidlycholine (DSPC), and ionizable amino-lipids such as dilinoleylmethyl-4-dimethylaminobutyrate (DLin-MC3-DMA) are potent siRNA delivery vehicles in vivo . Here we explore the utility of similar LNP systems as transfection reagents for plasmid DNA (pDNA). It is shown that replacement of DSPC by unsaturated PCs and DLin-MC3-DMA by the related lipid DLin-KC2-DMA resulted in highly potent transfection reagents for HeLa cells in vitro . Further, these formulations exhibited excellent transfection properties in a variety of mammalian cell lines and transfection efficiencies approaching 90% in primary cell cultures. These transfection levels were equal or greater than achieved by Lipofectamine, with much reduced toxicity. Finally, microinjection of LNP-eGFP into the limb bud of a chick embryo resulted in robust reporter-gene expression. It is concluded that LNP systems containing ionizable amino lipids can be highly effective, non-toxic pDNA delivery systems for gene expression both in vitro and in vivo . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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32. Radiology Education in Latin America.
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Rehani, Bhavya, Zhang, Yi C., Gao, Kenneth T., Soto Giordani, Gloria, Lau, Lawrence, Rehani, Madan M., and Dillon, William P.
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- 2017
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33. Radiology Education in Africa: Analysis of Results From 13 African Countries.
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Rehani, Bhavya, Brown, Isaiah, Dandekar, Shebani, Sarkodie, Benjamin, Mwango, Gladys, Rehani, Madan M., Lau, Lawrence, Zhang, Yi C., and Dillon, William P.
- Published
- 2017
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34. Radiology Education in Asia: Differences, Similarities, and Opportunities.
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Rehani, Bhavya, Gao, Kenneth T., Lau, Lawrence, Rehani, Madan M., Zhang, Yi C., and Dillon, William P.
- Published
- 2017
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35. On the Formation and Morphology of Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Ionizable Cationic Lipids and siRNA
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Kulkarni, Jayesh A., Darjuan, Maria M., Mercer, Joanne E., Chen, Sam, van der Meel, Roy, Thewalt, Jenifer L., Tam, Yuen Yi C., and Cullis, Pieter R.
- Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) containing short interfering RNA (LNP-siRNA) and optimized ionizable cationic lipids are now clinically validated systems for silencing disease-causing genes in hepatocytes following intravenous administration. However, the mechanism of formation and certain structural features of LNP-siRNA remain obscure. These systems are formed from lipid mixtures (cationic lipid, distearoylphosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and PEG-lipid) dissolved in ethanol that is rapidly mixed with siRNA in aqueous buffer at a pH (pH 4) where the ionizable lipid is positively charged. The resulting dispersion is then dialyzed against a normal saline buffer to remove residual ethanol and raise the pH to 7.4 (above the pKaof the cationic lipid) to produce the finished LNP-siRNA systems. Here we provide cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and X-ray evidence that the complexes formed between siRNA and ionizable lipid at pH 4 correspond to tightly packed bilayer structures with siRNA sandwiched between closely apposed monolayers. Further, it is shown that ionizable lipid not complexed to siRNA promotes formation of very small vesicular structures at pH 4 that coalesce to form larger LNP structures with amorphous electron dense cores at pH 7.4. A mechanism of formation of LNP-siRNA systems is proposed whereby siRNA is first sandwiched between closely apposed lipid monolayers at pH 4 and subsequently trapped in these structures as the pH is raised to 7.4, whereas ionizable lipid not interacting with siRNA moves from bilayer structure to adopt an amorphous oil phase located in the center of the LNP as the pH is raised. This model is discussed in terms of previous hypotheses and potential relevance to the design of LNP-siRNA systems.
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- 2018
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36. Prolonged pressure monitoring using a smart mattress for pressure injury prevention.
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Ho, M. C., Yi, C. H., and Hsu, Y. L.
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- 2022
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37. Comparison of imaging value for diabetic lower extremity arterial disease between FBI and CE-MRA.
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YI, C.-Y., ZHOU, D.-X., LI, H.-H., WANG, Y., CHEN, K., CHEN, J., HUANG, B.-C., and XU, X.-L.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study adopted self-control study method to assess the efficacy of fresh blood imaging (FBI) and contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) for patients with diabetic lower extremity arterial disease (DLEAD) (Fontaine stage I to IV), and to evaluate the imaging of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in different stages of diabetes mellitus (DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: 1. This study recruited 44 diabetic patients with suspected lower extremity PAD to take both FBI and CE-MRA. 2. Two experienced cardiovascular radiologists assessed the image quality, the detection of lower extremity arterial branches, and tissue contamination (veins, arteries, and soft tissues) of FBI and CE-MRA, as well as the presence and severity of stenotic lesions. 3. Statistical differences of the quality of FBI and CE-MRA were determined using paired t-test. 4. Correlation analysis was adopted for determining the direction and strength of the relationship between the changes of the indexes of FBI and the different Fontaine stages. RESULTS: 1. The quality evaluation results of the image of lower extremity arteries from the 44 diabetic patients indicated no statistically significant difference between FBI and CEMRA in the patients with Fontaine stage I-III (p >0.05). However, a statistically significant difference was observed in the patients with Fontaine stage IV (p <0.05), and the quality of FBI was slightly worse. 2. Arterial branches that observed from FBI and CE-MRA were 885 and 904, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference for the arterial branches between FBI and CE-MRA in the patients with Fontaine stage I-III (p >0.05). However, a statistically significant difference was observed in the patients with Fontaine stage IV (p <0.05), and CEMRA indicated more artery branches than FBI. 3. There was a statistically significant difference for the evaluation of venous contamination between FBI and CE-MRA (p <0.05), and there was less venous contamination using FBI. 4. The study results indicated that with Fontaine stages going on the FBI's image quality and arterial branches reduced gradually, and the degree of tissue interference and arteriostenosis was rising gradually. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicated that using FBI in lower extremity PAD of diabetics had good quality and high diagnostic accurancy, and the tissue contamination (veins and soft tissues of calf) was effectively avoided. Especially in Fontaine stage I-III, FBI can be used as an alternative technique of CE-MRA, and it also can be used in diabetic patients with renal impairment in Fontaine IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
38. Early intramedullary nailing for femoral fractures in patients with severe thoracic trauma: A systemic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
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Liu, Xiao-Yuan, Jiang, Meng, Yi, Cheng-La, Bai, Xiang-Jun, Hak, David J., and Yi, C-L
- Abstract
Purpose: Early intramedullary nailing (IMN) within the first 24 h for multiply injured patients with femoral fracture and concomitant thoracic trauma is controversial. Previously published studies have been limited in size and their outcomes have been inconclusive. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the available data in order to guide care and help improve the outcomes for these patients.Methods: We searched the literature up to December 2011 in the main medical search engines and identified 6 retrospective cohort studies that explored the safety of early IMN in patients with both femoral fracture and chest injury. Our primary outcome was the rates of pulmonary complication (pneumonia, adult respiratory distress syndrome, fat embolism syndrome), multiple organ failure (MOF) and mortality.Results: We found no statistically significant difference in the rate of pulmonary complications, MOF or mortality in the patients treated with early IMN.Conclusion: Early IMN for femoral fractures does not increase the mortality and morbidity in chest- injured patients in the studies analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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39. Yes-associated protein mediates immune reprogramming in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
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Murakami, S, Shahbazian, D, Surana, R, Zhang, W, Chen, H, Graham, G T, White, S M, Weiner, L M, and Yi, C
- Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a high degree of inflammation and profound immune suppression. Here we identify Yes-associated protein (Yap) as a critical regulator of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in both mouse and human PDAC. Within Kras:p53mutant pancreatic ductal cells, Yap drives the expression and secretion of multiple cytokines/chemokines, which in turn promote the differentiation and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) both in vitroand in vivo. Pancreas-specific knockout of Yapor antibody-mediated depletion of MDSCs promoted macrophage reprogramming, reactivation of T cells, apoptosis of Krasmutant neoplastic ductal cells and pancreatic regeneration after acute pancreatitis. In primary human PDAC, YAP expression levels strongly correlate with an MDSC gene signature, and high expression of YAP or MDSC-related genes predicts decreased survival in PDAC patients. These results reveal multifaceted roles of YAP in PDAC pathogenesis and underscore its promise as a therapeutic target for this deadly disease.
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- 2017
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40. The Niemann-Pick C1 Inhibitor NP3.47 Enhances Gene Silencing Potency of Lipid Nanoparticles Containing siRNA
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Wang, Haitang, Tam, Yuen Yi C, Chen, Sam, Zaifman, Josh, van der Meel, Roy, Ciufolini, Marco A, and Cullis, Pieter R
- Abstract
The therapeutic applications of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of small interfering RNA (siRNA), are hampered by inefficient delivery of encapsulated siRNA to the cytoplasm following endocytosis. Recent work has shown that up to 70% of endocytosed LNP-siRNA particles are recycled to the extracellular medium and thus cannot contribute to gene silencing. Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1) is a late endosomal/lysosomal membrane protein required for efficient extracellular recycling of endosomal contents. Here we assess the influence of NP3.47, a putative small molecule inhibitor of NPC1, on the gene silencing potency of LNP-siRNA systems in vitro. Intracellular uptake and colocalization studies revealed that the presence of NP3.47 caused threefold or higher increases in accumulation of LNP-siRNA in late endosomes/lysosomes as compared with controls in a variety of cell lines. The gene silencing potency of LNP siRNA was enhanced up to fourfold in the presence of NP3.47. Mechanisms of action studies are consistent with the proposal that NP3.47 acts to inhibit NPC1. Our findings suggest that the pharmacological inhibition of NPC1 is an attractive strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of LNP-siRNA by trapping LNP-siRNA in late endosomes, thereby increasing opportunities for endosomal escape.
- Published
- 2016
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41. Astroglial connexin43 contributes to neuronal suffering in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
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Yi, C, Mei, X, Ezan, P, Mato, S, Matias, I, Giaume, C, and Koulakoff, A
- Abstract
In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), astrocyte properties are modified but their involvement in this pathology is only beginning to be appreciated. The expression of connexins, proteins forming gap junction channels and hemichannels, is increased in astrocytes contacting amyloid plaques in brains of AD patients and APP/PS1 mice. The consequences on their channel functions was investigated in a murine model of familial AD, the APPswe/PS1dE9mice. Whereas gap junctional communication was not affected, we revealed that hemichannels were activated in astrocytes of acute hippocampal slices containing Aβ plaques. Such hemichannel activity was detected in all astrocytes, whatever their distance from amyloid plaques, but with an enhanced activity in the reactive astrocytes contacting amyloid plaques. Connexin43 was the main hemichannel contributor, however, a minor pannexin1 component was also identified in the subpopulation of reactive astrocytes in direct contact with plaques. Distinct regulatory pathways are involved in connexin and pannexin hemichannel activation. Inflammation triggered pannexin hemichannel activity, whereas connexin43 hemichannels were activated by the increase in resting calcium level of astrocytes. Importantly, hemichannel activation led to the release of ATP and glutamate that contributed to maintain a high calcium level in astrocytes placing them in the center of a vicious circle. The astroglial targeted connexin43 gene knocking-out in APPswe/PS1dE9mice allowed to diminish gliotransmitter release and to alleviate neuronal damages, reducing oxidative stress and neuritic dystrophies in hippocampal neurons associated to plaques. Altogether, these data highlight the importance of astroglial hemichannels in AD and suggest that blocking astroglial hemichannel activity in astrocytes could represent an alternative therapeutic strategy in AD.
- Published
- 2016
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42. Adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with concurrent paclitaxel and cisplatin in cervical cancer patients with high risk factors: A phase II trial.
- Author
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Wang, X., Shen, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, Z., Gou, H., Cao, D., Yang, Y., Qiu, M., Li, Q., Liu, J., Yi, C., Liao, Z., Luo, D., Xu, F., and Bi, F.
- Subjects
CERVICAL cancer patients ,INTENSITY modulated radiotherapy ,PACLITAXEL ,CISPLATIN ,CERVICAL cancer ,HYSTERECTOMY ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,CANCER risk factors - Abstract
Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with concurrent paclitaxel and cisplatin (TP) in early stage cervical cancer patients with high risk factors after radical hysterectomy. Methods Patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for FIGO stage IB–IIA cervical cancer and had high risk factors for recurrence were recruited. One cycle of TP was delivered before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy, respectively. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy began 21 days after the start of the initial cycle of the chemotherapy with two cycles of TP delivered on day 1 and day 29 of radiotherapy. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS), with toxicities, local-regional control (LC) and distant failure (DF) rate as secondary endpoints. Results Between 2008 and 2012, 67 patients were evaluable. The 2 and 4-year RFS rates were 98.2% and 92.9%. Corresponding OS rates were 100%, and 98.0%, respectively. The 4-year LC and DF rates were 98.0% and 5.2%, respectively. Grade 3–4 acute leucopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 25.4%, 11.9% and 1.5% of patients, respectively. There were 89.6% and 59.7% patients experienced acute vomiting and diarrhea, but only 6.0% and 6.0% patients were grade 3, respectively. No case of chronic toxicity exceeded grade 2. Conclusion Adjuvant concurrent IMRT with paclitaxel plus cisplatin are safe and effective in early stage cervical cancer patients with high risk factors for recurrence following radical hysterectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Microfluidic Mixing: A General Method for EncapsulatingMacromolecules in Lipid Nanoparticle Systems.
- Author
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Leung, Alex K.K., Tam, Yuen Yi C., Chen, Sam, Hafez, Ismail M., and Cullis, Pieter R.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Chapter Four: Lipid Nanoparticles for Short Interfering RNA Delivery.
- Author
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Leung, Alex K. K., Tam, Yuen Yi C., and Cullis, Pieter R.
- Abstract
The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) in mammalian cells has created a new class of therapeutics based on the reversible silencing of specific disease-causing genes. This therapeutic potential depends on the ability to deliver inducers of RNAi, such as short-interfering RNA (siRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA), to cells of target tissues. This chapter reviews various challenges and delivery strategies for siRNA, with a particular focus on the development of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery technologies. Currently, LNP delivery systems are the most advanced technology for systemic delivery of siRNA, with numerous formulations under various stages of clinical trials. We also discuss methods to improve gene silencing potency of LNP-siRNA, as well as application of LNP technologies beyond siRNA to the encapsulation of other nucleic acids such as mRNA and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. B-cell survival and development controlled by the coordination of NF-κB family members RelB and cRel
- Author
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Almaden, Jonathan V., Liu, Yi C., Yang, Edward, Otero, Dennis C., Birnbaum, Harry, Davis-Turak, Jeremy, Asagiri, Masataka, David, Michael, Goldrath, Ananda W., and Hoffmann, Alexander
- Abstract
Targeted deletion of BAFF causes severe deficiency of splenic B cells. BAFF-R is commonly thought to signal to nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)–inducing kinase dependent noncanonical NF-κB RelB. However, RelB-deficient mice have normal B-cell numbers. Recent studies showed that BAFF also signals to the canonical NF-κB pathway, and we found that both RelB and cRel are persistently activated, suggesting BAFF signaling coordinates both pathways to ensure robust B-cell development. Indeed, we report now that combined loss of these 2 NF-κB family members leads to impaired BAFF-mediated survival and development in vitro. Although single deletion of RelB and cRel was dispensable for normal B-cell development, double knockout mice displayed an early B-cell developmental blockade and decreased mature B cells. Despite disorganized splenic architecture in Relb−/−cRel−/− mice, generation of mixed-mouse chimeras established the developmental phenotype to be B-cell intrinsic. Together, our results indicate that BAFF signals coordinate both RelB and cRel activities to ensure survival during peripheral B-cell maturation.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. B-cell survival and development controlled by the coordination of NF-κB family members RelB and cRel
- Author
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Almaden, Jonathan V., Liu, Yi C., Yang, Edward, Otero, Dennis C., Birnbaum, Harry, Davis-Turak, Jeremy, Asagiri, Masataka, David, Michael, Goldrath, Ananda W., and Hoffmann, Alexander
- Abstract
Targeted deletion of BAFF causes severe deficiency of splenic B cells. BAFF-R is commonly thought to signal to nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)–inducing kinase dependent noncanonical NF-κB RelB. However, RelB-deficient mice have normal B-cell numbers. Recent studies showed that BAFF also signals to the canonical NF-κB pathway, and we found that both RelB and cRel are persistently activated, suggesting BAFF signaling coordinates both pathways to ensure robust B-cell development. Indeed, we report now that combined loss of these 2 NF-κB family members leads to impaired BAFF-mediated survival and development in vitro. Although single deletion of RelB and cRel was dispensable for normal B-cell development, double knockout mice displayed an early B-cell developmental blockade and decreased mature B cells. Despite disorganized splenic architecture in Relb−/−cRel−/−mice, generation of mixed-mouse chimeras established the developmental phenotype to be B-cell intrinsic. Together, our results indicate that BAFF signals coordinate both RelB and cRel activities to ensure survival during peripheral B-cell maturation.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Hemostasis in sinus surgery
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Zhao, Yi C. and Psaltis, Alkis J.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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48. Blood glucose fluctuation aggravates lower extremity vascular disease in type 2 diabetes.
- Author
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JIAO, X. -M., ZHANG, X. -G., XU, X. U -P., YI, C., BIN, C., CHENG, Q. -P., GONG, Q. -Q., and LV, X. -F.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Lower-extremity vascular diseases are important complication of diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the influence of blood glucose fluctuation in type 2 diabetes-associated lower-extremity vascular diseases, and explore the possible mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with type 2 diabetes was assigned to Group B (without lower-extremity vascular disease) and group C (with lower-extremity vascular disease). Healthy subjects (Group A) served as normal controls. All patients received dynamic blood glucose monitoring for 72 h. The mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and the largest amplitude of glycemic excursion (LAGE) were estimated. The levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and biochemical indices were examined, and the lower-extremity vascular diseases were scored in patients from group C. RESULTS: Groups B and C have higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol (TC) level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, HbA1c level, and vWF level and lower IMA level than those in Group A (p < 0.05). Elevated MAGE and LAGE were observed in groups B and C as compared with Group A. Correlation analysis revealed that the score of lower-extremity vascular diseases was associated with MAGE, LAGE, SBP, LDL-C, vWF, HbA1c, and IMA (p < 0.05). Stepwise multiplelinear regression analysis revealed that lowerextremity vascular diseases were involved with MAGE, IMA, and vWF. CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes may promote the occurrence and development of lower-extremity vascular diseases through aggravating vascular endothelial injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
49. Technical Compliance to Standard Guidelines for Lumbar Puncture and Myelography: Survey of Academic Neuroradiology Attendings and Fellows.
- Author
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Zhang, Yi C., Chandler, Alexander J., and Kagetsu, Nolan J.
- Abstract
Rationale and Objectives: To assess technical compliance among neuroradiology attendings and fellows to standard guidelines for lumbar puncture and myelography to minimize procedural complications such as iatrogenic meningitis and spinal headache. Materials and Methods: We surveyed academic neuroradiology attendings and fellows in the e-mail directory of the Association of Program Directors in Radiology. We queried use of face masks, use of noncutting needles, and dural puncture practices. All data were collected anonymously. Results: A total of 110 survey responses were received: 75 from neuroradiology attendings and 34 from fellows, which represents a 14% response rate from a total of 239 fellows. Forty-seven out of 101 (47%) neuroradiologists do not always wear a face mask during myelograms, and 50 out of 105(48%) neuroradiologists do not always wear a face mask during lumbar punctures, placing patients at risk for iatrogenic meningitis. Ninety-six out of 106 neuroradiologists (91%) use the Quincke cutting needle by default, compared to only 17 out of 109 neuroradiologists (16%) who have ever used noncutting needles proven to reduce spinal headache. Duration of postprocedure bed rest does not influence incidence of spinal headache and may subject patients to unnecessary monitoring. Only 15 out of 109 (14%) neuroradiologists in our study do not prescribe bed rest. There was no statistically significant difference in practice between attendings and fellows. Conclusions: Iatrogenic meningitis and spinal headache are preventable complications of dural puncture that neuroradiologists can minimize by conforming to procedural guidelines. Wearing face masks and using noncutting spinal needles will reduce patient morbidity and lower hospitalization costs associated with procedural complications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Pulse height distribution of signals produced by exposing a thin GEM chamber to beta rays from an Sr-90 source.
- Author
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Ahn, B., Ha, Y., Hahn, C., Park, S., Yi, C-Y, and Lee, Rena
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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