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BACKGROUND: Cerebral resuscitation after cardiac arrest (CA) is always an unresolved problem in medical field. The decreased cerebral perfusion or nonperfusion caused by coagulation and fibrinolytic system function disorder and cerebral microthrombosis after CA and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the important reasons. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TTo investigate the effect of urokinase on cerebral microcirculatory perfusion after CA and CPR in rabbits. 20 rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 10 rabbits in each group. Potassium chloride injection combined with asphyxia method was conducted to establish the CA models. CPR and basic life-support were performed on experimental group. Based on above treatments, intervention with urokinase was conducted on experimental group. Dual-slice spiral CT cerebral perfusion imaging was performed to observe the cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and top teep time (TTP). RESULTS: CBF and CBV in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group, respectively (p < 0.01), and TTP in experimental group was significantly shorter than control group (p < 0.01). The cerebral perfusion in experimental group was better than control group. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombolytic therapy with urokinase in CPR after CA can improve the cerebral microcirculatory perfusion in rabbits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]