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Living fossils are evidence of long-term sustained ecological success. However, whether living fossils have little molecular changes remains poorly known, particularly in plants. Here, we have introduced a novel method that integrates phylogenomic, comparative genomic, and ecological niche modeling analyses to investigate the rate of molecular evolution of Eupteleaceae, a Cretaceous relict angiosperm family endemic to East Asia. We assembled a high-quality chromosome-level nuclear genome, and the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of a member of Eupteleaceae (Euptelea pleiosperma). Our results show that Eupteleaceae is most basal in Ranunculales, the earliest-diverging order in eudicots, and shares an ancient whole-genome duplication event with the other Ranunculales. We document that Eupteleaceae has the slowest rate of molecular changes in the observed angiosperms. The unusually low rate of molecular evolution of Eupteleaceae across all three independent inherited genomes and genes within each of the three genomes is in association with its conserved genome architecture, ancestral woody habit, and conserved niche requirements. Our findings reveal the evolution and adaptation of living fossil plants through large-scale environmental change and also provide new insights into early eudicot diversification.

AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets were fabricated by repeated bending−flattening deformation (RBFD) using dies of various angles. The microstructure evolution and deformation behaviors of the AZ31 Mg alloy during RBFD were investigated by FEM, OM, EBSD and hardness tester. The results suggest that the 150°/150° die exhibits the superior performance across all three groups. With an increase in passes, the effective strain of the alloy is significantly improved due to the positive impact of shear and bending. After four passes, the average grain size can be significantly refined to 1.7 μm, and a weaker basal texture can be obtained compared to the initial one due to non-basal slips, dynamic recrystallization (DRX), and twinning. Particularly, the pyramidal 〈c+a〉 slip promotes DRX and twinning. The hardness of the alloy reaches HV 77 as a result of the comprehensive effect of microstructure and texture generated by slip, twinning and DRX competition.

A highly active and stable composite photocatalyst which can be used in practical environmental remediation was developed. g‐C3N4/SnO2/BiPO4ternary composites (CN/SO/BPO) were synthesised via simple impregnation, and their texture structure, morphology, and surface composition were deeply characterized. In just 25 min under visible‐light radiation, CN/SO/BPO almost eliminated rhodamine B, and the observed rate constant for the reaction was almost 36 and 3 times higher in comparison to that of CN/BPO and SO/BPO, respectively. On the basis of experimental outcomes and DFT calculation, the direct Z‐type structure of CN/SO/BPO lead to the improved photogenerated charge separation efficiency, as confirmed by surface photovoltage spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and transient photocurrent responses. A g‐C3N4/SnO2/BiPO4ternary photocatalyst with uniformly distributed elements via simple impregnation method. The direct Z‐scheme g‐C3N4/SnO2/BiPO4heterojunction structure promotes the oxidation‐reduction ability and enhances the generation of active species.

Objective:To investigate the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) classification and symptom relief after uterine artery embolization (UAE) in patients with adenomyosis. Methods:Totally, 73 patients with symptomatic adenomyosis who underwent UAE were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative MRI classification was defined as: type I, high signal on both T2-weighted images (T2WI) and T1-weighted images (T1WI); type III, high signal only on T2WI, and type II, high signal on neither T1WI nor T2WI. Dysmenorrhea was measured with the visual-analog scales and the degree of menorrhagia was measured according to the number of sanitary pads used in one menstrual cycle. Dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia were measured before UAE and 12 months after UAE. Results:The number of the type I, II, III cases was 23, 37, and 13, respectively. The baseline characteristics of the three groups exhibited no significant difference. The alleviation rates of dysmenorrhea among type I, II, III cases were 73.9%, 89.2%, and 84.6%, respectively (P=0.455). The alleviation rates of menorrhagia for type I, II, III were 69.6%, 78.4%, and 92.3%, respectively (P=0.714). Conclusion:Pre-procedure MRI classification and symptom relief after UAE exhibited no significant association. UAE has a favorable mid-term control on dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia among patients with adenomyosis. Preoperative MRI classification might not indicate symptom relief. More research is needed before changing clinical practice.

Nanotechnology has recently provided exciting platforms in the field of anticancer research with promising potentials for improving drug delivery efficacy and treatment outcomes. Nanoparticles (NPs) possess different advantages over the micro and bulk therapeutic agents, including their capability to carry high payloads of drugs, with prolonged half-life, reduced toxicity of the drugs, and increased targeting efficiency. The wide variety of nanovectors, coupled with different conjugation and encapsulation methods available for different theranostic agents provide promising opportunities to fine-tune the pharmacological properties of these agents for more effective cancer treatment methods. This review discusses applications of NPs-assisted chemotherapy in preclinical and clinical settings and recent advances in design and synthesis of different nanocarriers for chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, physicochemical properties of different nanocarriers, their impacts on different tumor targeting strategies and effective parameters for efficient targeted drug delivery are discussed. Finally, the current approved NPs-assisted chemotherapeutic agents for clinical applications and under different phases of clinical trials are discussed.

Excessive activated T-cell proliferation was observed in vivo in one patient after an anti-CD19-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell infusion. The patient, who had chemotherapy refractory and CD19+diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), received an anti-CD19 CAR T-cell infusion following conditioning chemotherapy (fludarabine/cyclophosphamide). The lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood (PB) increased to 77 × 109/L on day 13 post infusion, and the proportion of CD8+actived T cells was 93.06% of the lymphocytes. Then, the patient suffered from fever and hypoxaemia. Significant increases in serum cytokine, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (γ-GT) levels were observed. A high-throughput sequencing analysis for T-cell receptors (TCRs) and whole-genome sequencing were used to explore the mechanisms underlying this excessive T-cell proliferation. TCR diversity was demonstrated, but no special gene mutation was found. The patient was found to be infected with the John Cunningham polyomavirus (JCV). It cannot be ruled out the bystander activation pathway induced by JCV infections related the excessive activated T-cell proliferation. Although the clinical and laboratory data do not fully explain the reason for excessive T-cell proliferation after the anti-CD19 CAR T-cell infusion, the risk of this type of toxicity should be emphasized. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.govas NCT01864889.

The actual tailings dam as an object, analyzes on tailings dam of the different slope ratio, which under earthquake dynamic response characteristics and stability. The results show that, with the increase of the tailings dam slope than the maximum relative displacement becomes larger, the absolute acceleration amplification factor decreases. In the same slope ratio, the tailings dam displacement and maximum acceleration dam piled high with increased accumulation becomes larger. Sand soil absorption of seismic waves of high frequency, low frequency component.

Network virtualization is recognized as an important enabler technology to diversify the future Internet and the Virtual Network Embedding problem is major challenge to fulfill it. In this paper, we proposed a parallel Virtual Network Embedding algorithm with Path splitting on the basis of membrane Computing (VNEPC). And more importantly, it is one phase embedding algorithm that maps virtual nodes and virtual links in the same phase without decomposing the VNE problem. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed VNEPC algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms in long-term average revenue, acceptance ratio and long-term R/C ratio.

According to the “harmless, reduction and recycling” processing principle, landfill method, incineration and compost method were studied that secondary pollution and resource waste problems were unavoidable. From the perspective of circular economy, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) separation and integrated utilization technology was proposed. The composition of MSW was investigated. The influence to sorting equipment by the garbage component properties was analyzed. On the basis of the full analysis of relating technology drawbacks, the sorting equipment, such as crush equipment and air classification equipment, were designed. Organic bacterial manure is produced by organic material, which was sorting from MSW. Plastic-wood is produced by mixing plastic and wood powder. Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is produced by papers and textile.

Plate mills hydraulic system is made up of several hydraulic stations, lubrication stations and grease stations, these hydraulic stations and lubrication stations are distributed around the mills. Each hydraulic station possesses qualities of successive long working time, high reliability and signal complexity, and it can satisfy diverse demands of high grade pressure or temperature control, etc. This paper is based on these demands, assembling control missions of hydraulic and lubricating stations. Several PLC S7-300 were chosen to match the need of controlling mills hydraulic and lubricating system for a certain plate factory, and the HMI monitoring system for mill hydraulic and lubricating stations was developed by WINCC, which achieved central control and monitoring the hydraulic and lubricating system of plate mills.

A multi-residue method for determination of pesticide residues in vegetables, using ethyl acetate extraction and determination by means of GC–MSD, is presented. The method includes as many as 27 pesticides such as organophosphorous, organohalogen, organonitrogen and pyrethroids pesticides, which are in common use or forbidden on vegetables in China. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the extract is concentrated and evaporated to dryness and redissolved in ethyl acetate before injection on GC–MSD. The recoveries were obtained in the range 70–100% with 5 exceptions in lettuce and 7 exceptions in cucumber, relative standard deviations between 1.92% and25.39% by means of standard addition to the vegetables blank extracts. The degradation of some pesticides in the 27 was studied by the method developed, the mixture of the pesticides commercial formulations was sparged on the vegetables, then the residues of samples obtained in different time were determined by the developed method. The determination indicated that (all pesticides were used as the instruction): 1.a pesticide, used on different plants, the quantity of the pesticide on the part for people’s dietary differs greatly; 2. some pesticides, degradating slowly and with a large dose, are inappropriate used on vegetables which remain on cropland for a short time. This research does not develop models for pesticides degradation, but provides some data on the safe intervals of the pesticides and a potential method for the study of multi-class pesticides safe intervals on a plant simultaneously.

Lignocellulosic biomass gasification is considered as one of the effective methods for transforming scattered biomass into heat, power and various chemicals. As a fundamental step for biomass gasification, pyrolysis has remarkable influence on products distribution and char reactivity during the further step. Further research on the pyrolysis process of lignocellulosic biomass is beneficial to optimize and promote the process of gasification. In this paper, pyrolysis characteristic of a kind of lignocellulosic biomass model compound (cellulose) was explored through thermogravimetric analyzer. The temperature was from 25 °C to 950 °C under various heating rates (10, 20, 40 °C·min-1) with nitrogen atmosphere. A three step selecting method for mechanism function was used to check out the optimum model from fifteen kinds of most frequently used mechanisms. The results indicated that under various heating rates, the optimum mechanism model for the cellulose in this paper was different. The values of activation energy and frequency factor for cellulose pyrolysis calculated by the three step method in this paper under 10, 20, 40 °C·min-1 were 245.95, 212.09 and 144.27 kJ·mol-1, 8.47E+17, 5.35E+18 and 1.20E+11 s-1, respectively.

This paper studies the effects of calcium oxide and iron oxide in municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration fly ash on the melting temperature of fly ash by using different samples. In addition, this paper also studied the variation of fly ash melting temperature in oxidizing and reducing atmosphere by experiment.

Wood-based materials from Municipal Solid Waste have the potential of covering a significant part of the future demand on gasification capacities. However, their pyrolysis kinetics and gasification behavior has not yet been fully investigated. This paper describes the pyrolysis characteristics of typing paper and Chinese parasol from municipal solid waste applying the non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis, the apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were obtained by kinetics analysis at the heating rate of 10/20/40 oC•min-1.

The submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV) is a new kind of vaporizer for liquefied natural gas (LNG). In this paper, a numerical study has been carried out to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of supercritical LNG in horizontal tubes. The thermo-physical properties of supercritical LNG were used for this study, and the influence of inlet LNG mass flow rate on heat transfer was investigated. Numerical results showed that the LNG flow in horizontal tubes included two stages. In the first stage, the surface heat transfer coefficients increased significantly with the increase of the fluid bulk temperature and reached a maximum value when the fluid bulk temperature equaled the pseudo-critical point . After the maximum, the surface heat transfer coefficients fell rapidly with the increase of the fluid bulk temperature. With increasing the inlet LNG mass flow rate, the surface heat transfer coefficients increased due to the increased fluid velocity in horizontal tubes.

The submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV) is a kind of equipment used for liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporization. In order to get insights into the heat transfer of supercritical LNG, numerical simulations were carried out in this paper for investigating heat transfer of LNG in horizontal circular tubes under supercritical pressure. Numerical results showed that LNG temperature at the outlet under the design parameters was 276 K which met the demands of application. The velocity of LNG at the outlet was 12 m/s, and the pressure drop along the ducts was 120 kPa.

Pronunciation conversion is the premise to realize the speech synthesis system, besides, the conversion accuracy is directly related to the quality of synthetic speech. By studying the characteristics of Tibetan words and Lhasa pronunciation, currently method of the pronunciation conversion for Tibetan dialect in Lhasa, combination the need of speech synthesis research, designed and realized the pronunciation conversion system that can be applied in the Lhasa dialect of Tibetan speech synthesis. In tests the system is up to 95.3 percent accurate, the results of conversion are basically able to meet the needs of the Tibetan speech synthesis system.

It’s a basic work for Tibetan information processing to tag the Tibetan parts of speech,the results can be used in machine translation, speech synthesis and so on. By studying the Tibetan language grammar and the classification of Tibetan parts of speech, established the Tibetan parts of speech tagging sets, and tagged the corpus, used the CRFs to solve the problem that automatic tagging of Tibetan parts of speech, the experimental results show that in the closed test set, part-of-speech tagging accuracy is 94.2%, and in the opening set, the accuracy is 91.5%.

This paper simulates the plastic and biomass pyrolysis and ignition characteristics in different atmosphere, by thermogravimetric analysis polypropylene and plane wood at different oxygen concentrations. Experiments show that, increase the concentration of oxygen can accelerate the pyrolysis reaction rate of biomass and plastics, and can also reduce the ignition temperature of them. But for high volatile substances, such as plastic, the increase of oxygen concentration make a smaller effect on the pyrolysis and ignition, and for relatively high fixed carbon content substances, such as plane woods, the increase of oxygen concentration make a larger effect on pyrolysis and ignition.

The unstable failure of rock and soil slope was a progressive evolution process from local failure to total failure. The no-uniformity of rock and soil materials and differences of boundary conditions caused the discrepancy of stress field, together with the elastic-plastic characteristics of the sliding zone which controls the progressive unstable failure process. In this paper, any point of slop sliding zone was taken for the research object. On basis of limit slice method, the mechanical condition of slice was considered as a plane strain problem. According to Mohr-Coulomb linear failure criterion the stress state of a point is obtained with selecting stress function to establish the mechanical criterion of progressive slope failure. The analysis of engineering example shows that the mechanical criterion is reasonable to estimate the state of progressive slope evolution.

From a carbon cycle perspective, the thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is inherently carbon neutral. Pyrolysis of biomass for energy supplying, such as bio-oil and bio-char, has been attracted much attention worldwide. Successful understanding the fundamental issues about the pyrolysis, including pyrolytic behavior and kinetic analysis of lignocellulosic biomass model compounds and real biomass, is essential for the further understanding and optimizing the pyrolysis process. In this paper, pyrolytic behavior of a typical lignocellulosic agricultural residue (wheat straw) and model compounds (cellulose) were measured through thermogravimetric analysis with various heating rates (10, 20, 40 °C·min-1) under nitrogen atmosphere. The results indicated that the interval of the weight loss for both wheat straw and cellulose moved upwards with the increment of heating rates. The maximum decomposition rates of cellulose were higher than those of wheat straw, and the temperature of maximum decomposition rates increased with the heating rates. Values of activation energy were solved through iso-conversional method. And the average values of activation energy for wheat straw and cellulose were 146.89 kJ·mol-1 and 134.56 kJ·mol-1 calculated from Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, 144.05 kJ·mol-1 and 130.91 kJ·mol-1 calculated from Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose method, respectively.

How to accurately detect and efficiently sweep Cr(VI) from contaminated water has come into focus. Zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) play vital roles in water environmental chemistry due to excellent hydrolysis-resistant stability. However, as photochemical probes and photocatalysts, poor performances in detection sensitivity, selectivity, and photosensitiveness limit sole Zr-MOFs’ applications. So, it is urgent to quest valid strategies to break through the dilemmas. Embedding luminous dyes into MOFs has been considered one of the most feasible avenues. Herein, a dual-emissive RhB@Zr-MOF with orange-yellow fluorescence has been assembled by in situ-encapsulating rhodamine B (RhB) into a zirconium–biquinoline-based MOF. Actually, within RhB@Zr-MOF, the aggregation fluorescence quenching (ACQ) effect of RhB molecules was effectively avoided. Notably, RhB@Zr-MOF exhibits a rapid fluorescence quenching response toward Cr(VI) ions with high selectivity, sensitivity, and anti-interference abilities. More interestingly, unlike the most widely reported fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between MOFs and encapsulated guest modules, photoinduced electron transfer from RhB to Zr-MOF has been confirmed by modeling the ground state and excited states of RhB@Zr-MOF using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT). The effective electron transfer makes RhB@Zr-MOF more sensitive in probing Cr2O72–and CrO42–ions with ultralow detection limit (DL) values of 6.27 and 5.26 ppb, respectively. Prominently, the detection sensitivity based on DL values has been increased about 6 and 9 times, respectively, compared with pristine Zr-MOF. Moreover, rather negative CB and positive VB potentials make RhB@Zr-MOF have excellent photochemical scavenging ability toward Cr(VI) and MO.

Co-utilization of coal and biomass has been shown as an effective way to reduce the carbon footprint. Pyrolysis technology not only transform carbonaceous materials such as coal and biomass into various chemical compounds and fuels, but also as the initial step of the thermochemical conversation. For the sake of a better understanding of the co-thermal conversation, it is very necessary to get a intensive study on the co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass. In this paper the co-pyrolysis characteristics of coal and spent mushroom compost (SMC) were investigated through an thermogravimetry analyzer from ambient temperature to 950 °C at different heating rates (10, 20 and 40 °C/min) under nitrogen condition. Kinetic parameters were determined by the by the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method. It was found that the activation energy decreased with the increasing of the biomass mass ratio, but with the biomass ratio reached 0.75 the activation energy increased again. This may be involved with the negative synergies between the biomass and coal. The results could provide useful information for the further study on the co-pyrolysis of coal and MSC.

This paper describes the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of PVC and PP from municipal solid waste applying the non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis, the apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were obtained by kinetics analysis. There is one phase in the pyrolysis of PP, which is volatile release at 281-489 oC. While, the process of PP combustion consists of one phase which is volatile release and combustion. There are two phases that are different volatile release in the pyrolysis of PVC. In the process of PVC combustion, there are two phase, the first is part of volatile release and combustion, the second is the other volatile release and fixed carbon combustion. It has been found that compensation effect exists in PP and PVC pyrolysis and combustion with the variation of oxygen concentration.

The pyrolysis characteristics of pine powder and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), respectively representing the biomass and plastics components of municipal solid waste, were studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer, and the influence of heating rate on pyrolysis characteristics was also investigated. The pyrolysis temperature was heated from ambient up to 900 oC at different heating rates including 10, 20 and 40 oCžmin-1. The pyrolysis of pine powder was composed of two obvious weight loss phases, which were dehydration and the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose. The lignin in pine powder decomposed over a broad temperature range until 900 oC. The pyrolysis of PVC was complicated, and included the release of hydrogen chloride (HCl), the formation of hydrocarbons. Besides, the additives in PVC decomposed at about 600 oC. The TG and DTG curves of pyrolysis for pine powder and PVC were similar at different heating rates, however, each weight loss phase of pyrolysis was shifted to high temperature with increasing the heating rate.

This paper describes the oxygen-enriched combustion characteristics of pure cotton from municipal solid waste applying the non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis, the apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of oxygen-enriched combustion were obtained by kinetic analysis. Experimental results show that the pure cotton combustion process consists of two phases, which are volatile release and combustion phase and fixed carbon combustion phase. It has been found that combustion performance of pure cotton is improved when oxygen concentration increases to certain value and compensation effect exists in pure cotton combustion with the variation of oxygen concentration. The experimental results can provide direction for disposal of pure cotton as an energy resource.

This paper focuses on the effectsof the high order term in Duffing equation. Firstly the averaging equation andthe bifurcation equation are deduced through the multiple scale method.Secondly, the transition sets and several different bifurcation diagrams areobtained based on the singularity theory. The result shows that the high order term induces richer bifurcationcharacteristics.

Thermal chemical conversation of biomass is studied as a means to reduce the greenhouse gases and pollutant emission caused by the traditional fossil fuel. Eucalyptus is one of the fast growing tress in the south of China, which has great potential as a kind of renewable energy sources. An experimental study on eucalyptus leaves was carried out in thermogravimetric analyzer to investigate the effects of reaction atmosphere on thermal chemical characteristics. The volume fraction of oxygen was 0, 0.21, 0.27 and 0.33 respectively. Experimental results show that with the increasing of the oxygen concentration, the reaction time decreased significantly. The kinetic Parameters were also calculated, including the activation energy (E) and pre-exponential factor (A).

Gasification and melting process is an environmentally friendly technology in municipal solid wastes (MSW) disposal. But it requires that the waste has lower moisture content. The author hopes to find a route can be used for the treatment of high moisture content MSW through gasification and melting by theoretical calculation and analysis. In this paper, firstly calculate the influence of moisture content on MSW calorific value and exhaust smoke temperature. Then calculate the influence of oxygen concentration on exhaust smoke temperature. Finally appropriate process parameters of gasification melting for high moisture content MSW are given.

This study aims to develop a system for golf clubhead to maximize the flying distance of a golf ball after impact. The procedure consists of a step of pre-design with a CAD software, a process of optimization performed by the combination of a general purpose FEM code and an optimization program developed by the authors, and a step of redesign. For the optimization process, the relation between eigen frequencies and the coefficient of restitution (COR) is verified numerically at first. Based on the results of numerical examination, an approach is proposed for the optimal design in impact problem with basis vector method. And the basis vectors are created by using the sensitivity functions of eigen frequencies obtained by modal analysis. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the validity of the developed system.

The extraction of soybean isoflavones from the soy sauce residue which is the byproduct of soy sauce process is of great significance to improve the utilization of the soy sauce residue. Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 20 kDa was used to purify the extraction of isoflavones. The effects of ultrafiltration pressure, ultrafiltration temperature, feeding velocity, feed concentration and the feed pH on the membrane flux and rejection were analyzed. And then the membrane was cleaned. After purifying the crude soybean isoflavones from the soy sauce reside, the content of isoflavones in the freeze-dried powder was up to 6.27%.

The swirl flow could enhance the turbulent mixing and promote the slagging in the entrained flow gasifier. In recent research, the effect of swirl flow on cold flow characteristic of entrained flow gasifier was neglected or simplified. To address this, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation was presented to investigate the effect of swirl flow on the cold flow characteristic of entrained flow gasifier. Several control parameters, i.e., the diameter and injection velocity of nozzles, were found to significantly affect swirl intensity and velocity distribution in the entrained flow gasifier. Our numerical simulation provides an effective way for researchers or engineers to optimize and scale up the gasifier and nozzle.

With large-scale construction of subway lines, the influence of subway excavation to the frame structure has been an common problem to be solved. Finite element software was used to create three-dimensional model of the subway with different horizontal distance to the frame structure, and variation of frame structure’s bending moment, axial force, shearing force caused by subway excavation is obtained to analyze. The results will enable engineering staff to have a more comprehensive understanding on this issue, and provide guiding significance for solving similar engineering problems to some extent.

Tailor Rolled Blank (TRB) and Longitudinal Profile plate (LP plate) are both new products for materials saving. TRB produced by cold rolling can partially substitute for Tailor Welded Blank (TWB) achieving lightweight in vehicles. LP plate produced by hot rolling can be utilized in shipbuilding, bridge manufacturing and constructions, realizing structures lightweight. This paper stressed the common point of TRB and LP plate: Variable Gauge Rolling (VGR). Basic equations of VGR were deduced, a velocity relationship which assures the shape and dimension of transition region was provided, a FEM simulation of VGR was performed, VGR experiments were carried out and TRB samples with a thickness ratio 1:2 were obtained. All above achievements have established a foundation for VGR’s industrial application.

The multi-cycle recovery of heavy crude oil thermal by steam injection and stimulation has serious effects on the integrity of cementing sheath. At present, the class G oil well cement with silica sands, less resistant to high temperatures, does not meet the quality of the heavy crude oil well cementation and requirements of recovery and production. The laboratory results show that Aluminates cement has the characteristics of high early strength; meanwhile, it can maintain strength and stability in a long-term under the circulation of high and low temperature conditions. However, its hydration product C3AH6, which makes it a sharp recession in intensity at low temperature, limits its application. According to the clinker selection and compounding with the main item of Aluminates cement indoor experimentation, there comes out a new type of cement binder which generates C3ASH4 and other stable phase within rounds of high and low temperature cueing, and made the crystal structure of cement in dense arrangement. With this method, cement hydration structure can be maintained with a long-term stability; and it has the value of further development.

Abstract: Objective: FHL2 was previously identified to be a novel interacting factor of Id family proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate, the effects of FHL2 on Id1-mediated transcriptional regulation activity and its oncogenic activity in human breast cancer cells. Methods: Cell transfection was performed by Superfect reagent. Id1 stably overexpressed MCF-7 cells was cloned by G418 screening. The protein level of Id1 was detected by western blot analysis. Dual relative luciferase assays were used to measure the effect of E47-mediated transcriptional activity in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to measure the invasive capacity of MCF-7 cancer cells. Results: The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) factor E47-mediated transcription activity was markedly repressed by Id1 in MCF-7 cells. This Id1-mediated repression was effectively antagonized by FHL2 transduction. Overexpression of Id1 markedly promoted the proliferation rate and invasive capacity of MCF-7 cells; however, these effects induced by Id1 were significantly suppressed by overexpression of FHL2 in cells. Conclusion: FHL2 can inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of human breast cancer cells by repressing the functional activity of Id1. These findings provide the basis for further investigating the functional roles of FHL2-Id1 signaling in the carcinogenesis and development of human breast cancer.

Abstract: Objective: Id2 is a natural inhibitor of the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factors. Although it is well known that active Id2 prevents differentiation and promotes cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis, the molecular events that regulate Id2 activity remain to be investigated. Methods: Yeast two-hybrid, mammalian two-hybrid, GST-pulldown and immunoprecipitation (CoIP) assays were used to screen and identify novel Id2 interactors. Luciferase assays were used to detect E47-mediated transcription activity. Colony formation and BrdU incorporation assays were used to determine cellular proliferation abilities. Northorn blot, western blot and quantitative PCR methods were used to measure gene expression levels. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) were performed to investigate protein/DNA binding. Results: The LIM-only protein FHL2 (four-and-a-half-LIM-only protein 2) was identified to be a novel Id2 interactor. The HLH domain within Id2 is not required for its interaction with FHL2. FHL2 antagonizes the inhibitory effect of Id2 on the basic helix-loop-helix protein E47-mediated transcription. FHL2 prevents the formation of Id2-E47 heterdimer, thus releasing E47 to its target DNA and restoring its transcriptional activity. FHL2 expression was remarkably up-regulated during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of neuroblastoma cells, during which the expression of Id2 is opposite to that. Ectopic FHL2 expression in neuroblastoma cells markedly reduces the transcriptional and cell-cycle promoting functions of Id2. Conclusion: These results indicate that FHL2 is an important repressor of the oncogenic activity of Id2 in neuroblastoma cells.

Novel itaconates having a pyrrolidinonyl moiety, i. e. 4‐methyl 1‐(2‐pyrrolidonylethyl) itaconate (PyEMI) and 1‐methyl 4‐(2‐pyrrolidonylethyl) itaconate (MPyEI) were synthesized by the reaction of 2‐N‐hydroxyethyl‐pyrrolidinone (HEPy) with 4‐methyl or 1‐methyl itaconyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. The polymerization of PyEMI and MPyEI were conducted in two ways. By photopolymerization using 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone as a photosensitizer, P(PyEMI)‐A and P(MPyEI) were obtained. By redox polymerization using N,N,N,N‐tetra‐methylethylenediamine – potassium persulfate as an initiating system, P(PyEMI)‐B was obtained. It was found that both polymers exhibit thermo‐responsive behavior in water. The thermo‐responsive behavior of P(MPyEI) is similar to that of P(PyEMI)‐A, however, P(PyEMI)‐B is more sensitive to a change in temperature than P(PyEMI)‐A. The fluid dynamic diameter of P(PyEMI)‐A and P(PyEMI)‐B in water were detected by a laser scattering method, and it was shown that the fluid dynamic diameter of the latter is about 5 times that of the former. Due to the difference in polymer chain size and shape, the thermo‐responsive behavior of P(PyEMI)‐B is more sensitive in the same mass concentration. The swelling ratios of PyEMI hydrogels with various amounts of cross‐linker at different temperature were determined. The thermo‐responsive behavior of the PyEMI hydrogel was compared with that of the P(PyEMI) aqueous solution.

Relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma is a challenge for medical oncologists because of poor overall survival. We aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of CD30-targeting CAR T cells in patients with progressive relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma, in which CD30 expression is mostly positive.