Search

‘Della‐2’ (Reg. No. CV‐140, PI 665400) is an aromatic long‐grain cultivar with good grain yield, good milling yields, and excellent grain appearance. It was developed with the modified pedigree selection at the Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center near Crowley, LA. Della‐2 was approved for official release in December 2011 by the director of Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station because of its enhanced yield potential and grain‐quality characteristics suitable for the aromatic specialty market. In 10 statewide trials conducted at six Louisiana locations, the average main crop yields of Della‐2, ‘Dellrose’, and ‘Cheniere’ were 7.51, 6.60, and 8.27 t ha−1. In Uniform Regional Rice Nursery trials performed in 2008 in Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas, Della‐2 yielded an average of 9.81 t ha−1, which was significantly higher than the 7.31 t ha−1of Dellrose but only numerically higher than 9.35 t ha−1of the nonaromatic check Cheniere. In 34 replicated trials where milling yields were evaluated, the average head and total rice yields of Della‐2 were 600 and 690 g kg−1compared with 637 and 722 g kg−1for Dellrose and 613 and 717 g kg−1for Cheniere. The average amylose content of Della‐2 was 21.8% compared with 23.1 and 24.0% for Dellrose and Cheniere. The average alkali spread value of Della‐2, Dellrose, and Cheniere was 4.1, 4.1, and 4.4. The average 2‐acetyl‐pyrroline content of Della‐2 was 787 ng g−1, which was higher than the 582 ng g−1of Dellrose. Della‐2 is susceptible to sheath blight [caused by Thanatephorus cucumeris(A.B. Frank) Donk (anamorph: Rhizoctonia solaniKühn)], bacterial panicle blight (caused by Burkholderia glumae), and the physiological disorder straighthead but moderately resistant to blast [caused by Magnaporthe grisea(Hebert) Barr (anamorph Pyricularia griseaSacc.)]. Della‐2 is adapted to southern U.S. environmental conditions, and its improved yield potential will benefit specialty rice growers by improving their profitability.

‘Jazzman‐2’ (Reg. No. CV‐139, PI 663188) is the second jasmine‐type long‐grain aromatic rice (Oryza sativaL.) cultivar, which was developed using the pedigree selection by the Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center near Crowley, LA. It was approved for official release by the director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station in 2010 based on its strong aroma, slender and translucent grain, fair yield potential, and good milling quality. In 28 yield trials conducted at five Louisiana locations and in five southern rice growing states during 2006–2010, Jazzman‐2 had an average main crop grain yield of 7.39 t ha−1, which was lower than that of ‘Jazzman’ (7.93 t ha−1) and the nonaromatic check ‘Cheniere’ (8.98 t ha−1). Jazzman‐2 is similar to Cheniere in plant height but is 10 cm shorter than Jazzman. The average number of days from emergence to 50% heading is 83, 85, and 87 for Jazzman‐2, Cheniere, and Jazzman. Jazzman‐2 has a commercially acceptable head rice yield of 639 g kg−1, which is similar to the 633 and 630 g kg−1of Jazzman and Cheniere. Jazzman‐2 has the typical jasmine‐rice cooking quality with low amylose content, low gelatinization temperature, and a very strong aroma. The average amylose content of Jazzman‐2 is 14.4% compared with 15.7 and 24.2% for Jazzman and Cheniere. The average alkali spread value of Jazzman‐2, Jazzman, and Cheniere is 6.0, 6.4, and 4.4. Jazzman‐2 has an average 2‐acetyl‐pyrroline content of 833 ng g−1, which is significantly higher than the 482 ng g−1of Jazzman. Naming the new cultivar Jazzman‐2 is based on the fact that both Jazzman‐2 and Jazzman share the similar unique cooking quality and also for branding purposes. Jazzman‐2 will complement the original Jazzman by offering more choices to rice growers, processors, and consumers with its earliness, short stature, and enhanced specialty attributes.

‘Jazzman’ (Reg. No. CV‐134, PI 658006) is the first U.S.‐bred jasmine‐type, soft‐cooking, aromatic, long‐grain rice (Oryza sativaL.) with a glabrous leaf, sheath, and hull and no dormancy. It was developed from a single cross by the modified pedigree selection procedure at the Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Crowley, LA, and officially released in December 2008. Jazzman was tested under the experimental designation RU0402125 in the Louisiana Commercial Advanced trial at either six or seven locations, as well as in the Uniform Regional Rice Nursery (URRN) in Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, and Texas during 2004–2008. Jazzman is a moderately early maturing and conventional‐height cultivar with commercially acceptable grain and milling yields, translucent slender grains, and a strong aroma. In 34 replicated Louisiana statewide and multistate URRN trials, Jazzman had average main‐ and ratoon‐crop yields of 7.8 and 1.5 t ha−1, respectively. When averaged across years and locations, Jazzman had a head rice yield of 63.6% and a total milled rice yield of 69.6%. Jazzman has the typical jasmine‐type cooking quality: a low amylose content, low gelatinization temperature, and an average 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline content of 436 ng g−1. Under both artificial inoculation and natural infection, Jazzman was found to be moderately susceptible to sheath blight [caused by Thanatephorus cucumeris(A.B. Frank) Donk (anamorph Rhizoctonia solaniKühn)], bacterial panicle blight (caused by Burkholderia glumae), and the physiological disorder straighthead but moderately resistant to blast [caused by Magnaporthe grisea(Hebert) Barr (anamorph Pyricularia griseaSacc.)]. Successful development of Jazzman rice, which is well‐adapted to the Gulf‐ and Mid‐South rice‐growing regions, should enable the U.S. rice industry to compete with Asian exporters in high‐value aromatic‐rice niche markets.

‘Neptune’ (Reg. No. CV‐132, PI 655959) is a southern medium‐grain rice (Oryza sativaL.) developed at the Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center (LSU AgCenter), Crowley, LA, and officially released in December 2007. It was developed from a single cross using the pedigree selection procedure. Neptune was tested under the experimental designation RU0402028 in the Louisiana Commercial Advanced (CA) yield test trial at seven locations, as well as in the Uniform Regional Rice Nursery (URRN) in Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, and Texas from 2004 to 2007. Neptune is a high‐yielding, moderately early‐maturing, semidwarf cultivar with excellent milling quality, exceptional ratoon yield potential, good lodging resistance, and favorable large grain size. In 41 trials replicated statewide in Louisiana and in multistate URRN, Neptune had the average main and ratoon crop yield of 9.30 and 2.93 t ha−1, respectively. When averaged across years and locations, Neptune had a head rice yield of 62.9% and a total milled rice yield of 70.3%. Under both artificial inoculation and natural infection, Neptune was found to be moderately susceptible to sheath blight (caused by Rhizoctonia solaniJ.G. Kühn) and the physiological disorder straighthead but moderately resistant to blast (caused by Pyricularia griseaSacc.) and bacterial panicle blight [caused by Burkholderia glumae(Kurita and Tabei 1967) Urakami et al. 1994. Neptune should well adapt to the Gulf and mid‐south rice growing regions.

Abstract: Objective. To describe a series of patients with no known primary malignancy who presented with a solitary unsuspected soft tissue metastasis masquerading as a soft tissue sarcoma, and secondarily to describe the imaging appearance of these lesions. Design. Records of two academic hospitals with active orthopedic oncology services were reviewed for patients meeting the above criteria. Clinical charts were examined, and the imaging appearance of the soft tissue lesions retrospectively reviewed. Patients. Of 1421 patients examined for soft tissue lesions, 11 were found who met the above criteria. Results. Of the 11 patients whose initial presentation was a solitary soft tissue metastasis, eight were found to have a primary lung cancer, two were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary, and adenocarcinoma of the colon was discovered in the remaining patient. Conclusions. The clinical presentation of a solitary soft tissue metastasis without a known primary malignancy is a rare occurrence, with an incidence of approximately 0.8%. Lung cancer is the primary neoplasm in a high percentage of these cases.

We used dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to evaluate the extent of periprosthetic bone remodelling around a prosthesis for distal femoral reconstruction, the Kotz modular femoral tibial replacement (KMFTR; Howmedica, Rutherford, New Jersey). A total of 23 patients was entered into the study which had four parts: 1) 17 patients were scanned three times on both the implant and contralateral legs to determine whether the precision of DEXA measurements was adequate to estimate bone loss surrounding the anchorage piece of the KMFTR; 2) in 23 patients the bone mineral density (BMD) in different regions of interest surrounding the diaphyseal anchorage was compared with that of the contralateral femur at the same location to test whether there was consistent evidence of loss of BMD adjacent to the prosthetic stem; 3) in 12 patients sequential studies were performed about one year apart to compare bone loss; and 4) bone loss was compared in ten patients with implants fixed by three screws and in 13 without screws.The mean coefficients of variation (SD/mean) for the 17 sets of repeated scans ranged from 2.9% to 7.8% at different regions of interest in the KMFTR leg and from 1.4% to 2.5% in the contralateral leg. BMD was decreased in the KMFTR leg relative to the contralateral limb and the percentage of BMD loss in general increased as the region of interest moved distally in the femur. Studies done after one year showed no consistent pattern of progressive bone loss between the two measurements. The ten patients with implants fixed by screws were found to have a mean loss of BMD of 42% in the most distal part of the femur, while the 13 without screw fixation had a mean loss of 11%.DEXA was shown to have adequate precision to evaluate loss of BMD around the KMFTR. This was evident relative to the contralateral leg in all patients and generally increased in the most distal part of the femur. In general, it stabilised between two measurements taken one year apart and was greater surrounding implants fixed by cross-locking screws.

Nitrogen fertilization has been used to increase forage production of range grasses in the northern Great Plains; however, little information is available as to how N fertilization affects minor element composition of range forage. Our objectives were to determine the effects of N fertilization on Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations in vegetative and floral tillers of western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithiiRydh.) and green needlegrass (Stipa viridulaTrin.) throughout the growing season. Nitrogen fertilizer (0,40,80,160,320, and 640 kg N/ha) was applied in a completely randomized design to each grass species growing on a calcareous silt loam (Typic Haploborolls). Plants were collected on 10 and 11 sampling dates in 1973 and 1974, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the level of Zn, Cu, and Mn in green needlegrass and Zn and Mn in western wheatgrass forage. Absolute changes in mineral composition caused by N fertilization were very small and of little practical significance. Forage Zn and Cu levels declined throughout the growing season and were generally below recommended allowances (less than 20 to 30 πg/g Zn and 4 πg/g Cu) for proper cattle nutrition by mid‐June. Therefore, supplemental Zn and Cu may be required in diets of cattle being fed or grazing western wheatgrass or green needlegrass grown in the northern Great Plains after mid‐June. Forage Fe and Mn levels decreased as the growing season progressed until maximum forage yield was reached in June. Iron then started accumulating in the forage while Mn remained relatively constant during the remainder of the growing season. Iron (>80 πg/g) and Mn (>35 πg/g) were well above the recommended minimum levels for proper cattle nutrition. Floral tillers of both grasses had lower concentrations of Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than did vegetative tillers. In general, the earlier the harvest, the better the forage quality of western wheatgrass and green needlegrass will be with respect to Zn and Cu nutrition of cattle. Maintaining the grasses in the vegetative rather than floral growth stage would also improve forage quality

A study was done to test whether ovulatory follicles destined to form subfunctional corpora lu tea differed from normal ovulatory follicles in steroidogenic function. Twenty-five ewes were treated with prostaglandin F2aon d 11 of the estrous cycle, then unilaterally ovariectomized before (n=13) or after (n=12) the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) at the induced estrus to collect “control” follicles, which would have produced normal corpora lutea. In 15 ewes, the second ovary was removed 63 to 84 h later to collect “treated” follicles before (n=7) or after (n=8) the second expected surge of LH. Five ewes (control) were allowed to ovulate from the remaining ovary at first estrus and another five (treated) at the second estrus (3 to 4 d later). Treated ewes had lower serum progesterone than control ewes during the ensuing cycle (P<.05). Treated follicles contained less estradiol in the theca (4.4 ± .6 vs 10.0 ± 2.5 ng; P<.05), less androstenedione (.1 ± .1 vs 1.0 ± .2 ng) and estradiol (.5 ± .1 vs 2.9 ± 2.2 ng) in the granulosa (P<.05) and less progesterone in the follicular fluid (.8 ± .4 vs 3.3 ± .8 ng; P<.05) than control follicles, when removed before the surge of LH. Follicles removed after the surge of LH did not differ. In conclusion, ovulatory follicles with low steroidogenic function became corpora lutea that secreted lower-than-normal quantities of progesterone.

We present a prenatal case with a 45,X,dic(Y;15) (q11.23;p11.1) karyotype and describe the inheritance pattern of the chromosome 15s. Chromosome 15 has an imprinted region and inheritance of both chromosome 15 from one parent results in either Angelman syndrome (AS) (paternal inheritance) or Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) (maternal inheritance). Parental chromosome studies revealed that the father carried the same dicentric (Y;15) translocation. Since familial chromosome rearrangements can result in aberrant chromosomal segregation during meiosis, we wanted to exclude paternal uniparental inheritance of chromosome 15. By using DNA microsatellite markers at several 15q11q13 loci, we determined that the fetus had inherited his normal non-translocated chromosome 15 from his mother. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Objective.To demonstrate the value of MR imaging in the diagnosis and differentiation of the various symptomatic complications of osteochondromas, providing pathological correlation with emphasis on the usefulness of MR imaging as a single imaging modality in these patients. Design.We retrospectively reviewed all MR examinations of clinically symptomatic osteochondromas (30 patients) performed at our institution between March 1990 and October 1997. Patients.Thirty patients had clinically symptomatic osteochondromas during the study period. Twenty patients were male and 10 were female. There were five cases of multiple osteochondromatosis. Pathological correlation was available in 24 patients. Results and conclusion.Symptomatic complications included fracture (7%), osseous deformity limiting range of motion (23%), vascular injury (7%), neurological compromise (10%), bursa formation (27%) and malignant transformation (27%). MR imaging was able to diagnose or suggest the etiology for the clinical symptomatology in all cases, demonstrating that it is an ideal imaging modality in the diagnostic evaluation of symptomatic complications of osteochondromas and often avoids the need for further imaging.

Summary When used as a phrophylactic measure and in chronic experiments, omental transposition has been shown to reduce ischaemic and traumatic oedema in the spinal cord and ischaemic oedema in the brain. We designed this experiment to evaluate the acute effects of a pedicled omental graft on cold-induced brain oedema in cats. Focal oedema was induced in the left frontoparietal region of the brain of nine anaesthetized cats. In five cats, a laparotomy was done and a pedicled omental graft was placed on the lesioned left hemisphere immediately after the cold lesion was made. All cats were sacrificed 72 hours later, and the water content of the white matter was determined in the lesioned and the normal hemispheres. The mean water content of the lesioned hemisphere of the treated group of animals was not significantly different from that of the control group. We conclude that a pedicled omental graft failed to reduce vasogenic oedema in an acute model and probably has no role in the acute management of brain oedema.

We present a prenatal case with a 45,X,dic(Y;15) (q11.23;p11.1) karyotype and describe the inheritance pattern of the chromosome 15s. Chromosome 15 has an imprinted region and inheritance of both chromosome 15 from one parent results in either Angelman syndrome (AS) (paternal inheritance) or Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) (maternal inheritance). Parental chromosome studies revealed that the father carried the same dicentric (Y;15) translocation. Since familial chromosome rearrangements can result in aberrant chromosomal segregation during meiosis, we wanted to exclude paternal uniparental inheritance of chromosome 15. By using DNA microsatellite markers at several 15q11q13 loci, we determined that the fetus had inherited his normal non‐translocated chromosome 15 from his mother. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abstract:  A case of metachronous distant soft tissue metastases from a primary rib chondroblastoma, occurring in a 60-year-old man 17 years following resection of the initial lesion, is described. Metastatic chondroblastomas are very rare and almost always involve the lungs. Discussed herein are the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of this unusual case with comparison of our findings to other reports of metastasizing chondroblastomas.

Nitrogen fertilization has been found to increase forage production of range grasses in the northern Great Plains; however, little information is available as to how N fertilization may affect the mineral composition of the forage. Our objective was to determine the effects of N fertilization on the levels of P, K, Ca, and Mg, and the grass tetany proneness of the vegetative and floral tillers of western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii) and green needlegrass (Stipa viridula) throughout the growing season. Nitrogen fertilizer (0, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 kg N/ha) was applied in a completely randomized design to each grass species in a calcareous silt loam (Typic Haploboroll). Plant samples were collected on 10 and 11 sampling dates in 1973 and 1974, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization generally increased Ca, Mg, K, and ash alkalinity and generally had little effect on the P levels of the forage; however, the absolute changes caused by N fertilization were very small and of little practical significance. Except for K and P, the level of each nutrient generally increased significantly in each grass as the growing season progressed from April to October. Season or growth stage had more effect than did N fertilization on forage nutrient content. Floral tillers had lower levels of each nutrient than did the vegetative tillers. The Mg and P contents of both the floral and vegetative tillers of both grasses were often < 0.2%. Therefore, supplementation of Mg and P to grazing livestock may be required. The potential for grass tetany, according to the K/(Ca + Mg) ratio of the forage and blood serum Mg estimates, was highest during April and May for both grasses. Western wheatgrass tended to have a greater potential for causing tetany than green needlegrass early in the growing season. Time of harvest and percentage of vegetative and floral tillers can greatly affect the concentration of K, P, Mg, and Ca in the forage. In general, the earlier the harvest, the higher the nutritional value of the forage.

Cell cycle kinetics of solid tumors in the past have been restricted to an in vitro labeling index (LI) measurement. Two thymidine analogues, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), can be used to label S-phase cells in vivo because they can be detected in situ by use of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against BrdU (Br-3) or IUdR (3D9). Patients with a variety of solid tumors (lymphoma, brain, colon cancers) received sequential intravenous IUdR and BrdU. Tumor tissue removed at the end of infusion was embedded in plastic and treated with MAb Br-3 and 3D9 sequentially, using a modification of a previously described method. Clearly single and double labeled cells were visible, which enabled us to determine the duration of S-phase (Ts) and the total cell cycle time (Tc), in addition to the LI in these tumors. Detailed control experiments using tissue culture cell lines as well as bone marrow cells from leukemic patients are described, including the comparison of this double label technique with our previously described BrdU-tritiated thymidine technique. We conclude that the two methods are comparable and that the IUdR/BrdU method permits rapid and reliable cell cycle measurements in solid tumors.

To be successful in many undergraduate disciplines, students must retain base knowledge from lower level courses and apply that knowledge in upper level courses. Students may benefit and realize the importance of mastering basic concepts from the opportunity to utilize base knowledge in a real-world setting. Objectives of this project were to compare students ability to retain information after completing a real-world learning project (RWLP) to base knowledge retained from exams students took during the semester, and finally to determine student's perception of the RWLP. Incoming freshmen (n= 52, 79% female, 96% animal science majors) enrolled in an introductory equine science course worked independently to create a RWLP, specifically an educational bulletin (EB) for eight main topics studied during the course. The main topics were identified by the instructors as the most important topics to learn in an introductory horse science class, and included: identification, behavior, health, nutrition, activities, hoof care, parasite/disease, and reproduction. Students completed two assessments after the course was completed, the regular course exam quiz (REQ) which contained questions (n= 16; 2 questions from each main topic) the students had previously completed on exams and the educational bulletin quiz (EBQ) which contained questions (n= 16; 2 questions from each main topic) that were generated by the instructors from each student's EB. Students also completed a 3-question survey (Likert scale 1–5) regarding the influence of the EB on their understanding of the material, retention of material presented in class, and overall impression of the EB. Student scores on the REQ and EBQ were correlated (r= 0.54 and r= 0.39, respectively) to final course grade, but not to gender (−0.05 < r < 0.05). Students performed better (P< 0.0001) on questions from the EBQ compared to questions from the REQ. Students indicated they enjoyed completing the EB and perceived that they better understood basic information and expected to better retain the material as a direct result (4.5 ± 0.1, 4.72 ± 0.1, and 4.5 ± 0.4 on a 5 point scale, respectively). Students benefited from completing the EB project by better retaining key concepts taught during an introductory equine science course and the project was highly thought of by students. Disciplines that require students to retain key concepts from lower level courses for later use in upper level courses could benefit from a RWLP like the EB.

Hoof-care professionals often manipulate the thoracic hooves of the western pleasure horse by squaring the toe and moving the horseshoe caudally on the hoof capsule, which is thought to shorten the point of breakover, allowing for a flatter knee and more extension out of the shoulder during the swing phase. Manipulating the shape of the shoe in this way may compromise hoof capsule integrity and could contribute to chronic lameness. Our objective was to evaluate gait quality and kinematics of the western pleasure horse shod with a square-toe aluminum shoe (ST) in comparison to a perimeter-fit aluminum shoe (PF) on the thoracic digit. Quarter horses (n= 9; 5 geldings, 4 mares; 8.4 ± 1.9 yr; 545.9 ± 34.8 kg) trained in western pleasure were utilized in an 85-d repeated measures study and randomly selected on Day 1 to be shod with either an ST or PF shoe for 6 wk, then reshod with the opposing treatment on Day 43. Horses were videoed being ridden at the walk, jog, extended jog, and lope for 3 repetitions over 50 m on Days 15 and 57 wearing each treatment. EquineTec® software was used to evaluate humeroradial extension measured as the minimal elbow angle (extension out of the shoulder) at the end of the swing phase, metacarpal flexion measured as the minimal carpal angle (knee action), and metacarpalphalangeal flexion measured as the minimal fetlock angle (lower leg action), both at the beginning of the swing phase. Equine judges (n= 11) assessed quality of movement by scoring each gait from −1.5 (extremely poor) to 1.5 (excellent), where 0 was considered average. The PF treatment improved quality of movement for some parameters, including humeroradial extension for all gaits (P< 0.034) and metacarpal flexion for all gaits (P< 0.0132) except the jog (P= 0.079). Metacarpalphalangeal flexion and judge evaluations were not different between treatments (P> 0.3). Kinematic evaluation revealed quality-of-movement advantages when the PF treatment was applied by allowing for more ideal western pleasure movement seen as decreased knee action and increased extension out of the shoulder, although professional judges did not score treatments differently. The PF treatment achieves equal or superior quality of movement compared to the ST, thus providing a more appropriate shoe for the western pleasure industry that may amplify the longevity of the western pleasure horse.