Search

Lifestyle intervention encompassing nutrition and physical activity are effective strategies to prevent progressive lipid deposition in the liver. This study aimed to explore the effect of dietary change, and/or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on hepatic lipid accumulation in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. We divided lean rats into lean control (LC) or HIIT groups (LH), and obese rats into obese normal chow diet (ND) control (ONC) or HIIT groups (ONH) and obese HFD control (OHC) or HIIT groups (OHH). We found that dietary or HIIT intervention significantly decreased body weight and the risk of dyslipidemia, prevented hepatic lipid accumulation. HIIT significantly improved mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation through upregulating mitochondrial enzyme activities, mitochondrial function and AMPK/PPARα/CPT1α pathway, as well as inhibiting hepatic de novo lipogenesis in obese HFD rats. These findings indicate that dietary alone or HIIT intervention powerfully improve intrahepatic storage of fat in diet induced obese rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sarcopenia is associated with poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. However, the prevalence of and associated factors for developing sarcopenia in this population remain to be determined. This study aimed to summarize the prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Electronic searches were performed from inception to June 9, 2022 to identify the eligible studies. We meta-analyzed the prevalence of sarcopenia in overall patients with cirrhosis and subgroups. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using the random effects model. A total of 55 studies involving 13,158 patients from 17 countries were included. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 40.1 % (95 % CI 35.4%–44.9 %) in patients with cirrhosis. The pooled prevalence was higher in males, Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis, decompensated stage, ascites, subjective global assessment class C cirrhosis, and when sarcopenia was defined by L3-SMI (third lumbar-skeletal muscle index) at a higher cutoff. In multivariate analysis, older age (adjusted OR 1.04, 95 % CI 1.00–1.07), male (adjusted OR 4.75, 95 % CI 2.72–8.28), lower body mass index (BMI) (adjusted OR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.73–0.83), alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (adjusted OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.19–1.72), but not ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, were significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Sarcopenia is a prevalent complication, and older age, male patients, lower BMI, and patients with ALD are associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germination can be used to enhance nutritional value and health functions of edible seeds. Sprouts are considered healthier than non-germinated seeds because they are richer in the basic nutritional components (protein, amino acid, carbohydrates, and minerals) and also contain more bioactive components. The present study is the first to dynamically analyze the germination properties regarding morphological characteristics, nutrient compounds, bioactive components and antioxidant activities of Firmiana platanifolia (F. platanifolia) seeds. The results showed that the appearance, color and morphology of F. platanifolia seeds and sprouts at different germination times showed considerable differences. With the increasing germination time, the moisture content, sucrose, fructose, total flavonoid content and DPPH significantly increased, and reached the peak at 8 d of germination, almost 2.38, 5.76, 4.02, 7.97 and 8.91 times higher than those of at 0 d, respectively. The soluble protein, total phenolic, ABTS and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) increased first and then decreased as the germination time increased, and were overall higher than those of at the initial concentration. However, total starch content and mineral elements decreased as germination progressed. Additionally, the total flavonoid content showed a strongly positive correlation with DPPH (p<0.01), whereas the total phenolic and total flavonoid content showed a similar, significant and positive correlation with ABTS and ferrous ion chelating activity (FICA, p<0.05). Therefore, seed germination significantly increased phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity. The current research results will help to reveal the dynamic changes in nutrient content and antioxidant activity of F. platanifolia seeds during the germination process, and provide reference data for further studying the development and utilization of germinated seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traits of the spore‐bearing generation have historically provided the basis for systematic concepts across the phylogenetic spectrum and depth of mosses. Whether taxa characterized by a simple sporophytic architecture are closely related or emerged from independent reduction is often ambiguous. Phylogenomic inferences in the Funariaceae, which hold the model taxon Physcomitrium patens, revealed that several such shifts in sporophyte complexity occurred, and mostly within the Entosthodon‐Physcomitrium complex. Here, we report the rediscovery of the monospecific, Himalayan endemic genera Brachymeniopsis and Clavitheca, after nearly 100 years and 40 years since their respective descriptions. The genera are characterized by, among other traits, their short sporophytes lacking the sporangial peristome teeth controlling spore dispersal. Phylogenomic inferences reveal that Brachymeniopsis gymnostoma arose within the clade of Entosthodon s.str., a genus with typically long‐exserted capsules. We therefore propose to transfer B. gymnostoma to the genus Entosthodon, as E. gymnostomus comb. nov. Furthermore, Clavitheca poeltii, the sole species of the genus, is morphologically highly similar to E. gymnostomus, and should also be transferred to Entosthodon, but is retained as a distinct taxon, E. poeltii comb. nov., until additional populations allow for testing the robustness of the observed divergence in costa and seta length between the Nepalese and Chinese populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge graph (KG) can model and manage the massive metadata, have received a lot of attention in recent years. Information in the real world is not always static, aim to model and manage the dynamic information (e.g., time interval, location), some research works for spatiotemporal KG have been proposed. Due to the spatiotemporal knowledge is constantly changing, data operations will be more frequent in the process of spatiotemporal KG construction and management, therefore, inconsistency may exist in spatiotemporal KG. The current work on handling the inconsistencies in spatiotemporal KG mainly focuses on providing consistency constraints and fixing rules when operating the spatiotemporal KG, and no work on actively detects the existing inconsistency in spatiotemporal KG. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the inconsistency in spatiotemporal KG firstly. Then we design algorithms to extract inconsistency semantic feature in spatiotemporal KG, and finally we propose a spatiotemporal KG inconsistency detection model. The experimental results show that our method is scientific and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work compares various existing rough-wall models on a large collection of rough surfaces with different characteristics and studies the potential of these models in accommodating new datasets. We consider three empirical roughness correlations, two physics-based models, and one data-driven machine-learning model on 68 rough surfaces inside and outside the Roughness Database1. Results show that correlation-type models and machine-learning models do not extrapolate outside the dataset against which they are calibrated or trained. In contrast, the physics-based sheltering model performs well in extrapolation. Recalibrating a roughness correlation against a large dataset proves unfruitful. However, retraining a machine learning model yields good results. We do not pursue further retraining and recalibrating of a physics-based model, as it requires new physical insights. Overall, our findings suggest that a universal rough-wall model is yet to be found. The capability of extrapolation will likely come from incorporating physics. Data, on the other hand, benefits machine learning models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Squalene is a triterpenoid compound and widely used in various industries such as medicine and cosmetics due to its strong antioxidant and anticancer properties. The purpose of this study is to increase the accumulation of squalene in filamentous fungi using exogeneous butenafine hydrochloride, which is an inhibitor for squalene epoxidase. The detailed settings achieved that the filamentous fungi, Trichoderma virens PS1-7, produced squalene up to 429.93 ± 51.60 mg/L after culturing for 7 days in the medium consisting of potato infusion with glucose at pH 4.0, in the presence of 200 μm butenafine. On the other hand, no squalene accumulation was observed without butenafine. This result indicated that squalene was biosynthesized in the filamentous fungi PS1-7, which can be used as a novel source of squalene. In addition, we successfully obtained highly 13C-enriched squalene by using [U-13C6]-glucose as a carbon source replacing normal glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiments using in vitro embryo germination and culture have been designed to investigate the effects of cobalt levels of 0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM on some growth parameters and chemical changes in Jatropha curcas seedlings. The results showed that excess cobalt levels in MS media produced visual symptoms of toxicity in J. curcas seedlings after 7 d with increasing levels of cobalt ion. The fresh weights of cotyledons and radicles were significantly affected except for hypocotyls at the cobalt concentration of 100 μM. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased in the radicles when compared to the control, but decreases in the activity of the hypocotyls were found at the tested cobalt levels. Increase of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity in the cotyledons and hypocotyls was observed at the tested cobalt levels, but a decrease of the activity in the radicles except for at cobalt concentration of 100 μM. Increase in the activity of catalase (CAT) of radicles with increasing cobalt concentrations, and a significant decrease in activity in the hypocotyls was also observed. Increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity of cotyledons and radicles with increasing cobalt concentrations in the range 100-800 μM, but a decline in the activity of hypocotyls was also observed when hypocotyls at the cobalt concentrations of 400 and 800 μM. The present results indicated that SOD, GPX, CAT, and PAL may play an important role in the defensive mechanisms of Jatropha curcas seedlings exposed to excessive cobalt. These findings will help to provide useful bioassays to help in assessment of cobalt contamination in agricultural environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanical cues in the cell microenvironment such as those from extracellular matrix properties, stretching, compression and shear stress, play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Upon sensing mechanical stimuli, cells can translate these external forces into intracellular biochemical signals to regulate their cellular behaviors, but the specific mechanisms of mechanotransduction at the molecular level remain elusive. As a subfamily of the Ras superfamily, Rho GTPases have been recognized as key intracellular mechanotransduction mediators that can regulate multiple cell activities such as proliferation, migration and differentiation as well as biological processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics, metabolism, and organ development. However, the upstream mechanosensors for Rho proteins and downstream effectors that respond to Rho signal activation have not been well illustrated. Moreover, Rho-mediated mechanical signals in previous studies are highly context-dependent. In this review, we systematically summarize the types of mechanical cues in the cell microenvironment and provide recent advances on the roles of the Rho-based mechanotransduction in various cell activities, physiological processes and diseases. Comprehensive insights into the mechanical roles of Rho GTPase partners would open a new paradigm of mechanomedicine for a variety of diseases. In this review, we highlight the critical role of Rho GTPases as signal mediators to respond to physical cues in microenvironment. This article will add a distinct contribution to this set of knowledge by intensively addressing the relationship between Rho signaling and mechanobiology/mechanotransduction/mechanomedcine. This topic has not been discussed by the journal, nor has it yet been developed by the field. The comprehensive picture that will develop, from molecular mechanisms and engineering methods to disease treatment strategies, represents an important and distinct contribution to the field. We hope that this review would help researchers in various fields, especially clinicians, oncologists and bioengineers, who study Rho signal pathway and mechanobiology/mechanotransduction, understand the critical role of Rho GTPase in mechanotransduction. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a pathogenic flavivirus that causes a substantial drop in egg production and severe neurological disorders in domestic waterfowl. Self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles with E protein domains I and II (EDI–II) of DTMUV (EDI–II-RFNp) were prepared, and its morphology was observed. Two independent experiments were conducted. First, Cherry Valley ducks aged 14 days were vaccinated with EDI–II-RFNp, EDI–II, and phosphate buffered solution (PBS, pH 7.4), and special and virus neutralization (VN) antibodies, interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in serum, and lymphocyte proliferation were detected. Second, the vaccinated ducks with EDI–II-RFNp, EDI–II, and PBS were injected with virulent DTMUV, clinical signs at 7 days postinfection (dpi) were observed, and mRNA levels of DTMUV in the lungs, liver, and brain at 7 and 14 dpi were detected. The results showed near-spherical nanoparticles EDI–II-RFNp with a 16.46 ± 4.70 nm diameters. The levels of specific and VN antibodies, IL-4 and IFN-γ, and lymphocyte proliferation in the EDI–II-RFNp group were significantly higher than those in the EDI–II and PBS groups. In the DTMUV challenge test, clinical signs and mRNA levels in tissue were used to evaluate protection of EDI–II-RFNp. EDI–II-RFNp-vaccinated ducks showed milder clinical signs and lower levels of DTMUV RNA in the lungs, liver, and brain. These results indicate that EDI–II-RFNp effectively protects ducks against the DTMUV challenge and could be a vaccine candidate to provide an effective and safe method for preventing and controlling DTMUV infection. Las nanopartículas autoensambladas con los dominios de proteína E I y II del virus Tembusu del pato pueden inducir una respuesta inmunitaria más integral contra el desafío con el mismo virus. El virus Tembusu de los patos (DTMUV) es un flavivirus patógeno que causa una caída sustancial en la producción de huevos y graves trastornos neurológicos en las aves acuáticas domésticas. Se prepararon nanopartículas de ferritina autoensambladas con los dominios de la proteína E I y II (EDI-II) del virus Tembusu (EDI-II-RFNp) y se observó su morfología. Se realizaron dos experimentos independientes. En primer lugar, se vacunaron patos Cherry Valley de 14 días de edad con las partículas EDI-II-RFNp, con partículas EDI-II y con solución amortiguada de fosfato (PBS, pH 7,4), y se detectaron en suero anticuerpos especiales neutralizantes (VN), IL-4, IFN-γ y se detectó proliferación de linfocitos. En segundo lugar, a los patos vacunados con las partículas EDI-II-RFNp, EDI-II y PBS se les inyectó el virus Tembusu virulento, se observaron signos clínicos a los siete días posteriores a la infección (dpi) y se observaron los niveles de ARN mensajero del virus de Tembusu en el pulmón, el hígado y en el cerebro a los siete y 14 días después de la inoculación. Los resultados mostraron las nanopartículas casi esféricas ED?-II-RFNp con un diámetro de 16.46 ± 4.70 nm. Los niveles de anticuerpos específicos neutralizantes, IL-4, IFN-γ y la proliferación de linfocitos en el grupo inoculado con las partículas EDI-II-RFNp fueron significativamente más altos que en los de los grupos inoculados con las partículas EDI-II y con PBS. En la prueba de desafío con el virus Tembusu, se utilizaron los signos clínicos y los niveles de ARNm en tejidos para evaluar la protección inducida por las partículas EDI-II-RFNp. Los patos vacunados con las partículas EDI-II-RFNp mostraron signos clínicos más leves y niveles más bajos de ARN del virus Tembusu en los pulmones, el hígado y el cerebro. Estos resultados indican que las partículas EDI-II-RFNp protegen eficazmente a los patos contra el desafío con el virus Tembusu y podrían ser una vacuna candidata para proporcionar un método eficaz y seguro para prevenir y controlar la infección por dicho virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logs play an important role in mastering the health of the system, experienced operation and maintenance engineer can judge which part of the system has a problem by checking the logs. In recent years, many system architectures have changed from single application to distributed application, which leads to a very huge number of logs in the system and manually check the logs to find system errors impractically. To solve the above problems, we propose a method based on Message Middleware and ATT-GRU (Attention Gate Recurrent Unit) to detect the logs anomaly of distributed systems. The works of this paper mainly include two aspects: (1) We design a high-performance distributed logs collection architecture to complete the logs collection of the distributed system. (2)We improve the existing GRU by introducing the attention mechanism to weight the key parts of the logs sequence, which can improve the training efficiency and recognition accuracy of the model to a certain extent. The results of experiments show that our method has better superiority and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The addition of acid-producing fertilizers leads to soil acidification and a large loss of inorganic carbon in calcareous soil. This has become an urgent problem in karst areas. This work describes the importance of soil inorganic carbon, especially in karst areas, and reviews the impact of soil acidification on soil inorganic carbon and the efforts that are being made to maintain and improve soil inorganic carbon, including the applications of organic matter, silicate, clay minerals, and biochar. The positive and negative effects thereof are discussed. We then propose a soil multifunctional improvement complex as a material complex or mixture based on certain principles and a variety of substances that can reduce soil greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, we provide and enhance a variety of co-benefits in the hope of providing a potentially promising approach to reduce inorganic carbon emissions from karst soil ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the emergence of Chinese art songs as a new genre in mainstream global music. It mentions that Chinese art songs are a combination of Western compositional techniques and Chinese traditional and folk music elements. It also mentions the efforts of musicians and music educators to promote Chinese art songs to a broader international music stage, such as the joint publication of a songbook of 16 Chinese art songs in Chinese, German, and English.

Background: Compared with traditional computed tomography (CT), dual-layer spectral detector CT (SDCT) shows significant improvement in imaging soft tissues of the digestive tract. This work aimed to explore the application of SDCT to evaluate the expression of the molecular marker Ki-67 in colorectal cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the imaging data of the SDCT (IQon Spectral CT; Philips Healthcare) of 45 patients with colorectal cancer in our centre. We used Spearman's test for the imaging parameters (reconstruction of 40, 70, and 100 keV virtual monoenergetic images [VMIs] and the slope of the Hounsfield unit attenuation plot [VMI Slope] based on venous phase CT images, the arterial phase iodine concentration [AP-IC] and venous phase iodine concentration [VP-IC], and the effective atomic number [Z effect]) and correlation analysis for the Ki-67 index. Multivariate logistic regression was used to eliminate confounding factors. We evaluated the expression level of Ki-67 and drew the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The 40-keV VMI, VMI Slope, and AP-IC were found to better reflect the Ki-67 index in patients with colorectal cancer with statistical significance. The 40-keV VMI (r = -0.612, p < 0.001) and VMI Slope (r = -0.523, p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with the Ki-67 index, and AP-IC (r = 0.378, p = 0.010) was positively correlated with the Ki-67 index. The other indexes (p > 0.05) were not statistically significant. The SDCT parameters demonstrated good performance, with area under curves of 0.785 for 40-keV VMI and 0.752 for AP-IC. Conclusion: The SDCT parameters 40-keV VMI and AP-IC can be used for preliminary evaluation of the Ki-67 index in colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes 31 provincial regions in mainland China as the research object, measures the development level of digital finance through digital inclusive finance index, empirically analyzes the development of digital finance on regional economy, and further analyzes the breadth, depth and service support of digital inclusive finance. Research shows that digital finance can promote regional economic development, and digital finance also has a positive impact on economic development in terms of breadth, depth and service support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning programming challenges students who encounter difficulties such as resolving syntax and format errors. These challenges require students to invoke resilience to overcome programming problems and keep trying. In response, this study developed the programming resilience scale for university students (PRSUS). The snowball-sampling method was used to collect the data of science and engineering undergraduates, and the participants were divided into two groups (n1 = 316, n2 = 358) for an exploratory and a confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. For the PRSUS, 3 items were retained for each of 4 dimensions, namely: persistence, perceived value, difficulty cognition, and incremental belief. The reliability and validity indexes indicate the scale is reliable for measuring programming resilience. Moreover, the results showed that most undergraduates had a high level of programming resilience, and they could judge their level correctly in comparison to their peers. The study also found that, although no significant difference was found among the grade or age groups, the programming resilience of the male students was significantly better than that of the female students. The PRSUS is expected to help researchers and teachers to identify students who have difficulties learning programming and to provide early interventions to students. Implications for practice or policy: • Students can use the PRSUS to test if they have a high level of programming resilience and improve their programming resilience in a targeted way. • Educators can use the PRSUS to identify students who find it difficult to finish programming learning or to judge whether their teaching can make students more willing to overcome programming difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Venture capital is a special form of capital supply. The key to the capital improvement of innovative enterprises lies in the organic integration of the two. Aiming at the shortcomings of the financial venture capital method in the promotion of innovative capital, this article first introduces generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model to describe the volatility clustering of financial data and then analyzes the promotion analysis effect method (PEAM) method to overcome the estimation error constrained by a genetic algorithm. Parameter estimation of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model is helpful to reduce the model. The empirical analysis of the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 Index shows that the introduction of the PEAM method can improve the estimation accuracy of financial venture capital. The capital injection of venture capital can effectively change the market allocation and alleviate the financing difficulties of enterprises; the development of the venture capital industry effectively promotes innovation and adds value, optimizes the capital market structure through capital promotion, perfects laws and regulations such as intellectual property protection, protects technological innovation, and promotes the optimization of investment structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]