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In the field of deep learning, the attention mechanism, as a technology that mimics human perception and attention processes, has made remarkable achievements. The current methods combine a channel attention mechanism and a spatial attention mechanism in a parallel or cascaded manner to enhance the model representational competence, but they do not fully consider the interaction between spatial and channel information. This paper proposes a method in which a space embedded channel module and a channel embedded space module are cascaded to enhance the model’s representational competence. First, in the space embedded channel module, to enhance the representational competence of the region of interest in different spatial dimensions, the input tensor is split into horizontal and vertical branches according to spatial dimensions to alleviate the loss of position information when performing 2D pooling. To smoothly process the features and highlight the local features, four branches are obtained through global maximum and average pooling, and the features are aggregated by different pooling methods to obtain two feature tensors with different pooling methods. To enable the output horizontal and vertical feature tensors to focus on different pooling features simultaneously, the two feature tensors are segmented and dimensionally transposed according to spatial dimensions, and the features are later aggregated along the spatial direction. Then, in the channel embedded space module, for the problem of no cross-channel connection between groups in grouped convolution and for which the parameters are large, this paper uses adaptive grouped banded matrices. Based on the banded matrices utilizing the mapping relationship that exists between the number of channels and the size of the convolution kernels, the convolution kernel size is adaptively computed to achieve adaptive cross-channel interaction, enhancing the correlation between the channel dimensions while ensuring that the spatial dimensions remain unchanged. Finally, the output horizontal and vertical weights are used as attention weights. In the experiment, the attention mechanism module proposed in this paper is embedded into the MobileNetV2 and ResNet networks at different depths, and extensive experiments are conducted on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and STL-10 datasets. The results show that the method in this paper captures and utilizes the features of the input data more effectively than the other methods, significantly improving the classification accuracy. Despite the introduction of an additional computational burden (0.5 M), however, the overall performance of the model still achieves the best results when the computational overhead is comprehensively considered.

More than 60% of the energy in the world is wasted during the energy conversion processes but can be potentially collected by thermoelectric (TE) technology. Recently, entropy engineering has been applied in the TE community, yielding numerous high-entropy material systems that exhibit outstanding TE performance. This review outlines the design principles for entropy-stabilized TE materials. Subsequently, it discusses the impact of high entropy on electrical and thermal transport properties. Furthermore, the research advancements of various high-entropy TE material systems are summarized, encompassing IV–VI compounds, half-Heusler (HH) compounds, liquid-like materials, oxide-based ceramics, and other relevant systems. Finally, the conclusion and outlook for high-entropy TE materials are elucidated. Only small regions of high-entropy TE materials have been investigated so far, and there will be vast space that remains to be explored. High-entropy TE materials will be one of the core strategies in the TE community if the optimization mechanism is completely understood.

Skin color shift in side view of UV2A mode is a challenging problem since the dark line is wider than other VA mode. In this paper, several factors such as various methods for 8 domain driving, resistant ratio and area ratio of sub to main pixel were fully discussed. Finally, novel pixel design was proposed in this paper with CR (80/20) =50% (θ=30°, φ=0°) which is 25% higher than traditional UV2A mode. The skin color shift level is competitive with the traditional 8 domain UV2A mode.

Single-atom catalysis (SAC) attracts wide interest for zinc–air batteries that require high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reactions. However, catalyst design is still highly challenging because of the insufficient driving force for promoting multiple-electron transfer kinetics. Herein, we report a superstructure-assisted SAC on tungsten carbides for oxygen evolution and reduction reactions. In addition to the usual single atomic sites, strikingly, we reveal the presence of highly ordered Co superstructures in the interfacial region with tungsten carbides that induce internal strain and promote bifunctional catalysis. Theoretical calculations show that the combined effects from superstructures and single atoms strongly reduce the adsorption energy of intermediates and overpotential of both oxygen reactions. The catalyst therefore presented impressive bifunctional activity with an ultralow potential gap of 0.623 V and delivered a high power density of 188.5 mW cm–2for assembled zinc–air batteries. This work opens up new opportunities for atomic catalysis.

• A free radical generator MNPs-mCPBA system was developed and it is easy to prepare. • MNPs-mCPBA could generate C 6 H 4 ClCOOO⋅ in an acidic environment regardless of the H 2 O 2 content in the TME. • The amplified oxidative stress induced ICD to release TAAs and DAMPs, promoted DCs maturation, and enhanced T cell infiltration. • The combination therapy between C 6 H 4 ClCOOO⋅-mediated ICD and anti-PD-L1 antibody (α-PD-L1) has achieved the excellent therapeutic effect on tumor. It is desirable to develop a free radical generator that is neither dependent on hydrogen peroxide nor external stimuli-triggered to achieve effective tumor treatment. Herein, the free radical generator MNPs-mCPBA was constructed with Zn 0.4 Co 0.6 F e2 O 4 @Zn 0.4 Mn 0.6 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles (MNPs) and 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA). We believe that the iron (II) on the surface of MNPs-mCPBA maybe represent high reactive activity and promote the generation of a large number of organic free radicals (C 6 H 4 ClCOOO⋅) in an acidic tumor microenvironment, which realizes the acid-dependent tumor treatment strategy independent on the H 2 O 2 level in tumors. In addition, the generated organic free radicals (C 6 H 4 ClCOOO⋅) effectively induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) and increased T cell infiltration. Under the synergetic treatment with an anti-PD-L1 antibody (α-PD-L1), a favorable anti-tumor effect was achieved. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissimaBL.) is a well-known fruit tree that has been cultivated in East Asia for millennia. Leaves and buds of the plant can become seriously infested by the gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus(GWDK), which results in gall formation and associated significant losses in fruit production. Herbivore-induced terpenes have been reported to play an important role in plant–herbivory interactions, and in this study, we show that upon herbivory by GWDK, four terpene-related compounds were significantly induced, while the concentrations of these four compounds in intact buds were relatively low. Among these compounds, (E)-nerolidol and (E, E)-α-farnesene have frequently been reported to be involved in plant herbivory defenses, which suggests direct and/or indirect functions in chestnut GWDK defenses. Candidate terpene synthase (TPS) genes that may account for (E)-nerolidol and (E, E)-α-farnesene terpene biosynthesis were characterized by transcriptomics and phylogenetic approaches, which revealed altered transcript levels for two TPSs: CmAFS, a TPS-g subfamily member, and CmNES/AFS, a TPS-b clade member. Both genes were dramatically upregulated in gene expression upon GWDK infestation. Furthermore, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient overexpression in Nicotiana benthamianashowed that CmAFScatalyzed the formation of (E, E)-α-farnesene, while CmNES/AFSshowed dual (E)-nerolidol and (E, E)-α-farnesene synthase activity. Biochemical assays of the recombinant CmAFSand CmNES/AFSproteins confirmed their catalytic activity in vitro, and the enzymatic products were consistent with two of the major volatile compounds released upon GWDK-infested chestnut buds. Subcellular localization demonstrated that CmAFSand CmNES/AFSwere both localized in the cytoplasm, the primary compartment for sesquiterpene synthesis. In summary, we show that two novel sesquiterpene synthase genes CmAFSand CmNES/AFSare inducible by herbivory and can account for the elevated accumulation of (E, E)-α-farnesene and (E)-nerolidol upon GWDK infestation and may be implicated in chestnut defense against GWDK herbivores.

Cuproptosis is characterized by the aggregation of lipoylated enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and subsequent loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins as a unique copper-dependent form of regulated cell death. As dysregulation of copper homeostasis can induce cuproptosis, there is emerging interest in exploiting cuproptosis for cancer therapy. However, the molecular drivers of cancer cell evasion of cuproptosis were previously undefined. Here, we found that cuproptosis activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Mechanistically, copper binds PDK1 and promotes its interaction with AKT, resulting in activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. Notably, aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling conferred resistance of CSCs to cuproptosis. Further studies showed the β-catenin/TCF4 transcriptional complex directly binds the ATP7B promoter, inducing its expression. ATP7B effluxes copper ions, reducing intracellular copper and inhibiting cuproptosis. Knockdown of TCF4 or pharmacological Wnt/β-catenin blockade increased the sensitivity of CSCs to elesclomol-Cu-induced cuproptosis. These findings reveal a link between copper homeostasis regulated by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cuproptosis sensitivity, and suggest a precision medicine strategy for cancer treatment through selective cuproptosis induction.

Aim: To investigate the effects and mechanism of Ginsenoside Compound K (GCK) on psoriasis, focusing on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in keratinocytes.Methods: An imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis mouse model was generated to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of GCK. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess skin pathological changes. Protein expression of K17 and p-p65 in mice skin was assayed by immunohistochemical. Protein expression and phosphorylation of p65 IκB were assayed by Western blot. Protein expression of K1, K6, K10, K16, K17, and GR were assayed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine cytokine levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL-8, and ICAM-1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantify TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 mRNA expression. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay. A high-content cell-imaging system was used to assay cell proliferation. Nuclear translocation of p65 and GR was assayed by imaging flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. Small interfering RNA was used to confirm the role of GR in the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effect of GCK in normal human epidermal keratinecytes (NHEKs).Results: GCK reduced the psoriasis area, severity index, and epidermal thickening in IMQ-induced mice. GCK significantly attenuated the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 and reduced epidermal hyperproliferation in the skin of IMQ-induced mice. GCK inhibited in vitro activation of NF-κB, leading to attenuated release of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and ICAM-1) and suppression of NHEK hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation. These inhibitory effects of GCK were diminished by GR silencing in NHEKs.Conclusion: GCK suppressed psoriasis-related inflammation by suppressing keratinocyte activation, which may be related to promoting GR nuclear translocation and inhibiting NF-κB activation. In summary, GCK appears to be a GR activator and a promising therapeutic candidate for antipsoriatic agents.

Potential malicious attacks have been a significant security concern for network system applications. However, there are few studies on filtering for hybrid network attacks in switching systems. This paper considers a Kalman filtering problem for the switched systems that suffer from deception attacks and denial-of-service attacks. A new network transmission model for switching systems is established. Then, based on the minimum mean square error criterion, a Kalman filter with low conservatism is designed for the discrete-time switched system. The newly switched Kalman gain matrix is deduced including the random variation of the switching signal after being attacked by the network. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed filter is verified by the numerical simulation. Note to Practitioners—A switching system is considered to be a typical hybrid system. As it often works in a network environment, the switching signal is vulnerable to the network and thus to various cyber-attacks (e.g. spoofing attacks and denial-of-service attacks). Few studies have been conducted on the impact of switching signals in network transmission. To address this problem, this paper proposes a Kalman filter design method with low conservativeness, which describes network attacks and data loss by building a Kalman filter model associated with the switching signal in terms of satisfying Bernoulli random variables. For practitioners, the ability to recover data to a certain extent when the data transmission is affected by different network attacks will save a lot of costs and is important for improving the stability and performance of switching systems. Our future work will aim to improve the performance of different filtering algorithms under different cyber-attacks.

At present, chemical flushing is an effective way to remediate petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites, but there are associated problems, such as high cost and secondary pollution. Nano bubbles (NBs) have large specific surface areas, negatively charged surfaces, and high stability. They have a strong adsorption effect on organic substances, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, and show great potential for organic-contaminated soil remediation. In this paper, column experiments were carried out to study the removal of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants from sandy soil by air NBs. Tap water flushing was used as a control experiment to investigate the effects of the NB concentration, porous media particle size, pore flow rate, and pH on the removal efficiency of the organic pollutants. In addition, the differences in the removal rates based on the interfacial tension between oil and water were explained. The results showed that the relative dissolved oxygen value of NBs after passing through medium sand was higher than that of fine sand, and the relative dissolved oxygen value increased with an increase in pH. The higher the concentration of NBs and the pore flow rate, the more efficient removal of pollutants. The highest removal rate was achieved under weak alkalinity (pH = 7–8), whereas strong acidities and alkalinities were detrimental. After flushing the sand column for 8 h using water containing air NBs, the removal of contaminants adhering to medium and fine sands were 72.5% and 60.3%, which were 11.5% and 15.7% higher than those of tap water, respectively. NBs have a weak degradation effect on long-chain alkanes due to the production of a small amount of hydroxyl radicals, but the physical desorption is absolutely dominant. Air NB is a natural green medium, showing good potential in efficient remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites.

Room-temperature bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) thermoelectrics are promising candidates for low-grade heat harvesting. However, the brittleness and inflexibility of Bi2Te3are far reaching and bring about lifelong drawbacks. Here we demonstrate good pliability over 1,000 bending cycles and high power factors of 4.2 (p type) and 4.6 (n type) mW m−1K−2in Bi2Te3-based films that were exfoliated from corresponding single crystals. This unprecedented bendability was ascribed to the in situ observed staggered-layer structure that was spontaneously formed during the fabrication to promote stress propagation whilst maintaining good electrical conductivity. Unexpectedly, the donor-like staggered layer rarely affected the carrier transport of the films, thus maintaining its superior thermoelectric performance. Our flexible generator showed a high normalized power density of 321 W m−2with a temperature difference of 60 K. These high performances in supple thermoelectric films not only offer useful paradigms for wearable electronics, but also provide key insights into structure–property manipulation in inorganic semiconductors.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a promising class of crystalline porous materials for cancer phototherapy, due to their exceptional characteristics, including light absorption, biocompatibility, and photostability. However, the aggregation-caused quenching effect and apoptosis resistance often limit their therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we demonstrated for the first time that linking luminogens with aggregation-induced emission effect (AIEgens) into COF networks via vinyl linkages was an effective strategy to construct nonmetallic pyroptosis inducers for boosting antitumor immunity. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the formation of the vinyl linkage in the AIE COF endowed it with not only high brightness but also strong light absorption ability, long lifetime, and high quantum yield to favor the generation of reactive oxygen species for eliciting pyroptosis. In addition, the synergized system of the AIE COF and αPD-1 not only effectively eradicated primary and distant tumors but also inhibited tumor recurrence and metastasis in a bilateral 4T1 tumor model.

To evaluate the efficacy of stent-assisted coiling (SAC) for the treatment of carotid ophthalmic segment aneurysm segment aneurysms (OSAs) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) through detailed long-term follow-up of a large patient cohort.

Tungsten and molybdenum carbides have shown great potential in catalysis and superconductivity. However, the synthesis of ultrathin W/Mo carbides with a controlled dimension and unique structure is still difficult. Here, inspired by the host–guest assembly strategy with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as a transparent template, we reported the synthesis of ultrathin (0.8–2.0 nm) W2C and Mo2C nanowires confined in SWCNTs deriving from the encapsulated W/Mo polyoxometalate clusters. The atom-resolved electron microscope combined with spectroscopy and theoretical calculations revealed that the strong interaction between the highly carbophilic W/Mo and SWCNT resulted in the anisotropic growth of carbide nanowires along a specific crystal direction, accompanied by lattice strain and electron donation to the SWCNTs. The SWCNT template endowed carbides with resistance to H2O corrosion. Different from normal modification on the outer surface of SWCNTs, such M2C@SWCNTs (M = W, Mo) provided a delocalized and electron-enriched SWCNT surface to uniformly construct the negatively charged Pd catalyst, which was demonstrated to inhibit the formation of active PdHxhydride and thus achieve highly selective semihydrogenation of a series of alkynes. This work could provide a nondestructive way to design the electron-delocalized SWCNT surface and expand the methodology in synthesizing unusual 1D ultrathin carbophilic-metal nanowires (e.g., TaC, NbC, β-W) with precise control of the anisotropy in SWCNT arrays.

In the field of supramolecular chemistry, host–guest systems have been extensively explored to encapsulate a wide range of substrates, owing to emerging functionalities in nanoconfined space that cannot be achieved in dilute solutions. However, host–guest chemistry is still limited to encapsulation of small guests. Herein, we construct a water-soluble metallo-supramolecular hexagonal prism with a large hydrophobic cavity by anchoring multiple polyethylene glycol chains onto the building blocks. Then, assembled prisms are able to encapsulate quantum dots (QDs) with diameters of less than 5.0 nm. Furthermore, we find that the supramolecular cage around each QD strongly modifies the photophysics of the QD by universally increasing the rates of QD relaxation processes via ultrafast electron and vibrational energy transfer. Taken together, these efforts expand the scope of substrates in host–guest systems and provide a new approach to tune the optical properties of QDs.

Ground-moving targets with complex motions often appear seriously dislocated and smeared in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery due to noncooperative motion. Refocusing such targets in SAR is challenging because of unknown motion parameters. In this article, a novel SAR moving target imaging method based on adaptive phase tracking (MTIm-APT) is proposed. First, the Hough transform (HT) and the second-order keystone transform (SOKT) are performed to correct the range migration. Second, the Doppler phase can be adaptively tracked based on the improved extended Kalman filter (EKF). With the tracked Doppler phase, the motion parameters required for moving target imaging is estimated. Finally, the moving target is well-focused after motion parameters compensation since the high-order Doppler phase errors are efficiently eliminated. Unlike existing research that only considers the second- or third-order Doppler phase, the proposed method considers higher order Doppler parameters which can be simultaneously estimated, thus eliminating the error propagation effect. More importantly, due to the suboptimal filtering characteristics of EKF, the proposed method maintains excellent imaging performance at a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than classical PGA. On the other hand, our method has a certain advantage in computational efficiency. Both simulated and real data processing results are provided to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed SAR MTIm-APT method.

This communication investigates high-performance computation schemes for local Lagrange interpolation and anterpolation operations in the parallel graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated distributed-memory multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA). Two ELLPACK format-based schemes, namely, block ELLPACK (ELL-B) and hybrid compressed sparse column (CSC)-ELL-B (CSC-ELL-B), are proposed for the evaluation of interpolation and anterpolation operations, respectively, which ensure high computational throughput for GPU calculation. Optimization using the GPU hierarchical memory architecture, the mechanism of the stream, and the central processing unit (CPU)/GPU asynchronous computation pattern are employed to further improve the overall performance. The proposed schemes are proven to be an order of magnitude faster than the conventional schemes for aggregation/disaggregation operations. For an aircraft model involving over 10 billion unknowns, the iteration time is reduced by over half, which is remarkable progress in the development of GPU-accelerated parallelization of MLFMA.

Histopathology evaluation and lymphadenectomy of node-positive patients is the usual procedure in clinical therapy. However, it requires days for the histopathology result analysis, which impedes intraoperative decision-making and immediate treatment. Noninvasive real-time imaging of metastatic lymph nodes can overcome these defects and help medical workers evaluate lymph nodes and make the operation decision more efficiently. Herein we developed iridium(iii)–cyanine complex/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based nanoparticles which are conjugated with folic acid (FA) (IrCy-FA NPs). The synthesized IrCy-FA NPs exhibit good biocompatibility, strong near-infrared absorption, and impressive lymph node accumulation and can serve as a photoacoustic (PA) imaging probe for lymph node imaging. Besides, the lymph nodes enriched with IrCy-FA NPs showing green color are easily visible to the naked eye, suggesting their potential as an intraoperative indicator. The real-time PA imaging with excellent contrast and high spatial resolution can promote efficient and reliable quantitative analysis of lymph nodes in vivo. By employing IrCy-FA NPs as the PA agent for lymph node imaging, we achieve effective pre-operative and post-operative evaluations of metastatic lymph nodes in lymphadenectomy. This study may provide helpful information for PA imaging guided colocalization and evaluation of lymph nodes and facilitate this method towards clinical trials.

The goal of hyperspectral image fusion (HIF) is to reconstruct high spatial resolution hyperspectral images (HR-HSI) via fusing low spatial resolution hyperspectral images (LR-HSI) and high spatial resolution multispectral images (HR-MSI) without loss of spatial and spectral information. Most existing HIF methods are designed based on the assumption that the observation models are known, which is unrealistic in many scenarios. To address this blind HIF problem, we propose a deep learning-based method that optimizes the observation model and fusion processes iteratively and alternatively during the reconstruction to enforce bidirectional data consistency, which leads to better spatial and spectral accuracy. However, general deep neural network inherently suffers from information loss, preventing us to achieve this bidirectional data consistency. To settle this problem, we enhance the blind HIF algorithm by making part of the deep neural network invertible via applying a slightly modified spectral normalization to the weights of the network. Furthermore, in order to reduce spatial distortion and feature redundancy, we introduce a Content-Aware ReAssembly of FEatures module and an SE-ResBlock model to our network. The former module helps to boost the fusion performance, while the latter make our model more compact. Experiments demonstrate that our model performs favorably against compared methods in terms of both nonblind HIF fusion and semiblind HIF fusion.

In the industrial circumstances, sulfur-containing species are frequently present simultaneously in the exhaust gas containing methane, ethane and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These species may occupy the active sites on the catalyst surface during the oxidation reaction, causing temporary physical deactivation of the catalyst. Moreover, permanent deactivation might occur when sulfur-containing species react with the active sites, which thereby causes the poisoning and invalidation of the catalysts. This paper reviewed the anti-toxicity properties of precious metals, composite metal oxides and perovskite-type catalysts adopted in the catalytic combustion of exhaust gas. The detailed poisoning mechanism of the catalysts was discussed, and the way to improve the anti-toxicity of the catalyst was proposed accordingly. This review may provide some insight into the development of catalysts with high resistance to sulfur poisoning.

Mesoporous carbon-doped TiO2 (MCT) was synthesized via a template-free method in combination with solvothermal treatments. The structure, particle size and composition of this adsorbent were measured using XRD, TEM and XPS. Also, the usability of isothermal models for Cu (II) onto mesostructured adsorbent was implicated in these cases. The adsorptive capacity of MCT for Cu (II) was assessed using ICP-MS technique. The maximal adsorptive capacity was 16.9 mg g-1, and the ion-exchange action of Cu (II) was found to be the predominant adsorption.

Biodegradable stents are considered a promising strategy for the endovascular treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. The visualization of biodegradable stents is of significance during the implantation and long‐term follow‐up. Endowing biodegradable stents with X‐ray radiopacity can overcome the weakness of intrinsic radioparency of polymers. Hence, this work focuses on the development of an entirely X‐ray visible biodegradable stent (PCL‐KIO3) composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and potassium iodate via physical blending and 3D printing. The in vitro results show that the introduction of potassium iodate makes the 3D‐printed PCL stents visualizable under X‐ray. So far, there is inadequate study about polymeric stent visualization in vivo. Therefore, PCL‐KIO3stents are implanted into the rabbit carotid artery to evaluate the biosafety and visibility performance. During stent deployment, the visualization of the PCL‐KIO3stent effectively helps to understand the position and dilation status of stents. At 6‐month follow‐up, the PCL‐KIO3stent could still be observed under X‐ray and maintains excellent vessel patency. To sum up, this study demonstrates that PCL‐KIO3stent may provide a robust strategy for biodegradable stent visualization. The visualization of biodegradable stents is important. This work focuses on the development of an X‐ray visible stent (PCL‐KIO3) via physical blending and 3D printing. PCL‐KIO3stents are implanted into the rabbit carotid artery to evaluate the imaging performance. The results demonstrated that PCL‐KIO3stent may provide a strategy for stent visualization.

Thrombosis is closely related to the instability of intracranial aneurysm (IA), whose rupture is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is difficult to detect an IA-related thrombus because traditional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and even contrast-enhanced MRI cannot clearly distinguish a thrombus from the surrounding tissues. Herein, a nanoplatform [(MFe2O4–ZnDPA nanoparticles (NPs)], consisting of Zn0.4Co0.6Fe2O4@Zn0.4Mn0.6Fe2O4NPs for imaging and Zn(II)-bis(dipicolylamine) (ZnDPA) for thrombus targeting, is constructed to target an experimental aneurysm-related thrombus in rabbits via MRI. In vitro experiments including platelet safety evaluation primarily prove that MFe2O4–ZnDPA NPs with a high MRI transverse relaxation time (T2) have good biocompatibility. MFe2O4–ZnDPA NPs could target a thrombus via the special interaction between ZnDPA and phosphatidylserine of activated platelets in the thrombus through MRI and Fe quantification assays. Moreover, after MFe2O4–ZnDPA NPs are injected into the ear vein of common carotid artery aneurysm model rabbits, MRI shows that MFe2O4–ZnDPA NPs could accumulate in the aneurysm-related thrombus from 0 to 15 min after injection and decrease in the next 45 min. Meanwhile, MFe2O4–ZnDPA NPs could decrease the MRI T2signal of the aneurysm-related thrombus to enhance the outline of the aneurysm. This study demonstrates that a nanoplatform can enhance the detection of an aneurysm-related thrombus as well as aneurysm itself to assist further treatment of IA.