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Using the field-theory approach combining bosonization and renormalization group, we investigate the weak-coupling phase diagram of the unconventional Hubbard chain, where in addition to a bond–charge interaction (X), the Hubbard interaction differs between odd (U o) and even (U e) sites. The result shows that at quarter filling, the unequal Hubbard repulsion has a great influence on low-energy charge excitations. For the attractive X , the umklapp scattering always exists, and the ground state only exhibits a spin-gapless insulating phase with dominant spin-density-wave correlations. For the repulsive X , the umklapp processes only take place if both U o and U e are greater than 8 X cos (π / 4) , and the phase diagram consists of three phases, a metallic phase with the spin-gapped singlet superconducting correlation, and two insulating phases characterized by the spin-density-wave and charge-density-wave correlations. We also present the phase diagram of the standard t - U - X chain in the case of non-half filling. • We study the 1D modified t-U-X model with unequal on-site interaction. • The different on-site repulsion induces relevant umklapp process at quarter filling. • The study supplements understanding of quantum properties of 1D correlated systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our previous work showed that a plasmid-based chicken interleukin-7 (chIL-7) gene expression vector possessed potent adjuvant activity for a VP2 DNA vaccine against chicken infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Whether recombinant chIL-7 prepared in procaryotic expression system has the adjuvant activity for inactivated IBDV vaccine remains unknown. Here, we prepared recombinant chIL-7 using an E. coli expression system and analyzed its adjuvant activity for the inactivated IBDV vaccine. The results show that the recombinant chIL-7 was successfully prepared in E. coli using the pET20b vector, which possessed biological activity to stimulate mouse B lymphocyte proliferation. Co-administration of the chIL-7 with inactivated IBDV vaccine significantly increased specific serum antibody titers against IBDV, enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-Υ and IL-4 productions and increased protection against virulent IBDV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the government and market is, in nature, the issue of two kinds of orders. Under the impact of economic globalization and financial crisis, the fundamental issue of the reorganization and economic transformation of domestic steel enterprises is that of in-time transformation of governmental governance model and role. The essential pathway of the reorganization of steel enterprises and transformation of economic structure is achieved through the transformation of governmental governance in the following aspects: changing the model of governmental governance from administrative intervention in economic operation to limited, accountable and rule-of-law modern governance, establishing fair and just rules, improving systems of property rights, modern enterprise and the accountability of government investment projects, continuing to exert macroeconomic control and to press the government to quit fields of ordinary market competition, overcoming administrative monopoly and regional protectionism and advancing the standardization and perfection of the market order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]