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• HMV with flow bias optimization is more effective than HVM. • Optimized HMV results in greater volume os secretion removal. • HMV with flow bias optimization resulted in lower respiratory system resistance and flow peaks and produced expiratory flow bias. Background: Ventilation configurations are of great clinical importance for adequate outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients, and they may even be used as specific physical therapy techniques. Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of lung hyperinflation through mechanical ventilation (HMV) with HMV plus flow bias optimization regarding respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and volume of secretion. Methods: Patients mechanically ventilated > 24 h were included in this randomized crossover clinical trial. The following techniques were applied: HMV alone (control group) and HMV plus flow bias optimization (intervention group). Results: The 20 included patients underwent both techniques, totaling 40 collections. A total of 52 % were women, the mean age was 60.8 (SD, 15.7) years, and the mean mechanical ventilation time was 4.3 (SD, 3.0) days. The main cause of mechanical ventilation was sepsis (44 %). Expiratory flow bias in optimized HMV was higher. than conventional HMV (p < 0.001). The volume of tracheal secretions collected was higher during optimized than conventional HMV. (p = 0.012). Significant differences in peak flow occurred at the beginning of the technique and a there was a significant decrease in respiratory system resistance immediately and 30 min after applying the technique in the intervention group. Conclusions: The volume of tracheal secretions collected was higher during optimized HMV, and, HMV with flow bias optimization resulted in lower respiratory system resistance and flow peaks and produced expiratory flow bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of organophosphate insecticides is one of the main strategies for the chemical control of Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Brazil. Although organophosphate insecticides are effective in population suppression, their constant use (up to 5 applications/harvest) may favor pest resistance. Nevertheless, some organophosphate insecticides are highly toxic to natural enemies and thus their use has been banned. In this study, we investigated acute and residual toxicity of different doses of insecticide spinetoram for the control of larvae and adults of A. fraterculus and C. capitata under laboratory and field conditions. Spinetoram (Delegate 250WG™) showed high toxicity to adults and larvae of A. fraterculus and C. capitata (mortality>80%), based on topical application and ingestion bioassays. At the highest dose evaluated, 5.0 g a.i. (active ingredient) per 100 L of water, spinetoram was statistically similar to organophosphate (Lorbans 480BR™), but superior to neonicotinoid (Eleitto™), standard products for fruit fly control in Brazil. In addition, at doses 3.75 and 5 g a.i.100 L-1, spinetoram showed significant toxicity (mortality>70%) via tarsal contact for both species. Furthermore, toxic effects at depth were observed on larvae of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars of fly species in apple and peach fruits, reducing adult emergence by up to 90%. In the field, the highest dose evaluated (spinetoram 5 g a.i.100 L-1) reduced infestation of A. fraterculus by 90%. The results show that spinetoram could be used in the management of A. fraterculus and C. capitata , also as an alternative control for insect resistance management programs. [Display omitted] • The spinetoram insecticide was tested against larvae and adults of A. fraterculus e C. capitata. • High toxicity of spinetoram in larvae and adults of fruit flies in the laboratory and field. • The spinetoram can be used in the management of A. fraterculus and C. capitata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Gestão Organizacional (RGO) is the property of Revista Gestao Organizacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The inclusion of people with disabilities and older people in society has made significant progress through the continued development of Assistive Technologies, standards, policies and guidelines combined with the use of Information and Communication Technologies. In this context, the emerging Internet of Things has a lot of tools to offer in order to promove and expand the use of assistive technologies. Medical and Assistive Technology IoT systems will play a fundamental role in health monitoring and rehabilitation, however these systems need to ensure privacy, reliable, secure and able to handle with big amount of data. This paper proposes the integration between an activity monitoring system and our IoT architecture for working with Assistive Technology applications. For the operation of the architecture infrastructure, some middleware platforms and frameworks are used to abstract the specificities of heterogeneous devices for applications and users, as well as to promote interoperability between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Introdução e objetivos A anestesia neuroaxial (AN) vem sendo utilizada em associação com a anestesia geral (AG) para revascularização miocárdica, entretanto a anticoagulação durante a cirurgia torna questionável a viabilidade dos benefícios mediante o risco de hematoma de espaço peridural. O objetivo deste estudo foi executar metanálises analisando a efetividade da AN associada à AG comparada à AG isolada para a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica relativa à redução da mortalidade. Métodos Foram analisados mortalidade, arritmias, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), infarto miocárdico (IM), tempo de internação hospitalar (TIH), tempo de internação em unidade de terapia intensiva (TUTI), reoperações, transfusão sanguínea (TS), qualidade de vida, grau de satisfação e disfunção cognitiva pós‐opertória. A diferença média (DM) ponderada foi estimada para as variáveis contínuas e risco relativo (RR) e a diferença de risco (DR) para variáveis categóricas. Resultados Analisados 17 artigos originais. Metanálise da mortalidade (DR = –0,01; IC 95% = –0,03 a 0,01), AVC (RR = 0,79; IC 95% = 0,32 a 1,95), IM (RR = 0,96; IC 95% = 0,52 a 1,79) e TIH (DM = –1,94; IC 95% = –3,99 a 0,12) não demonstraram significância estatística. Arritmia foi menos frequente com AN (RR = 0,68; IC 95% = 0,50 a 0,93). O TUTI foi menor no com AN (DM = –2,09; IC 95% = –2,92 a –1,26). Conclusão Não se observaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes quanto a mortalidade. A combinação de AN e AG mostrou menor incidência de arritmias e menor TUTI. Background and objectives Neuraxial anesthesia (NA) has been used in association with general anesthesia (GA) for coronary artery bypass; however, anticoagulation during surgery makes us question the viability of benefits by the risk of epidural hematoma. The aim of this study was to perform a meta‐analyzes examining the efficacy of NA associated with GA compared to GA alone for coronary artery bypass on mortality reduction. Methods Mortality, arrhythmias, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), myocardial infarction (MI), length of hospital stay (LHS), length of ICU stay (ICUS), reoperations, blood transfusion (BT), quality of life, satisfaction degree, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction were analyzed. The weighted mean difference (MD) was estimated for continuous variables, and relative risk (RR) and risk difference (RD) for categorical variables. Results 17 original articles analyzed. Meta‐analysis of mortality (RD = –0.01, 95% CI = –0.03 to 0.01), CVA (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.32 to 1.95), MI (RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.52 to 1.79) and LHS (MD = –1.94, 95% CI = –3.99 to 0.12) were not statistically significant. Arrhythmia was less frequent with NA (RR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.50 to 0.93). ICUS was lower in NA (MD = –2.09, 95% CI = –2.92 to –1.26). Conclusion There was no significant difference in mortality. Combined NA and GA showed lower incidence of arrhythmias and lower ICUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Late Neoproterozoic assembly of western Gondwana played an important role in the subduction of oceanic and continental lithospheres. Such event was also a source of arc magmatism, reworking of cratonic margins and development of ultra-high pressure (UHP) suture zones. In the Borborema province, NE Brazil, we have described for the first time UHP rocks enclosed within gneiss migmatite and calc-silicate rocks. They bear coesite included in atoll-type garnet from metamafic rocks, identified by petrographic study and Raman microspectroscopy analysis. U–Pb zircon dating of the leucosome of the migmatites and the calc-silicate rock displays, concordant ages of 639 ± 10 Ma and 649.7 ± 5 Ma, respectively, here interpreted as the minimum age of the eclogitization event in the region. U–Pb zircon dating of the coesite-bearing rock defined a concordia age of 614. 9 ± 7.9 Ma that comprised the retrograde eclogitic conditions to amphibolite facies. The UHP rocks, mostly retrograded to garnet amphibolites, occur enclosed in the Paleoproterozoic continental block composed of calc-silicate rocks, migmatized sillimanite gneiss, mylonitic augen gneiss and granitic and tonalitic gneiss along a narrow N–S oriented belt between the Santa Quitéria magmatic arc and the Transbrasiliano lineament. This block was involved in the subduction to UHP eclogite depths, and was retrogressed to amphibolite during its exhumation and thrusting. Our data indicate an important Neoproterozoic transcontinental suture zone connecting the Pharusian belt with Borborema Province, and probably with the Brasília belt in central Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ensaios FEE is the property of Fundacao de Economia e Estatistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: In the northwest region of the Ceará Central Domain, Borborema Province, an elongate area of mylonitic diorites and granodiorites is structurally controlled by NE–SW-trending strike-slip faults. Granitic material and layers and lenses of felsic and mafic granulites occur along the main shear zones. We present and discuss petrographic, geothermobarometric, and geochronological (LA-MC-ICPMS U–Pb and Lu–Hf in zircon and Sm–Nd whole-rock) data for these rocks. Felsic granulites are composed of orthopyroxene+clinopyroxene+plagioclase+quartz±hornblende±garnet±biotite±feldspar, while the mafic granulites comprise clinopyroxene+plagioclase+garnet+hornblende±rutile±quartz. The P–T conditions recorded range from 9.4 to 8.3kbars and from 804 to 870°C for the felsic granulites and from 13.6 to 10.2kbars and 910 to 750°C for the mafic granulites. U–Pb zircon ages of granodiorite host rocks are 2157 and 2044Ma. The felsic granulites yield a U–Pb age of 2110Ma, while the mafic granulites yield U–Pb zircon ages of 613 and 589Ma for the metamorphic recrystallization. Sm–Nd and Lu–Hf TDM ages for the mafic granulites are similar (1.6–1.3Ga) and share positive values of εNd and εHf, which suggests that these mafic rocks were derived from a juvenile Mesoproterozoic crust. In addition, the felsic granulites and the granodiorites have similar TDM-Nd and U–Pb ages (with positive values of εNd), indicating a Paleoproterozoic mantle source for these rocks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Ensaios FEE is the property of Fundacao de Economia e Estatistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Recentemente a feitura de bloqueio do nervo isquiático tem sido revista devido ao potencial benéfico para analgesia pós‐operatória e satisfação dos pacientes após o advento da ultrassonografia. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as relações anatômicas do nervo isquiático na fossa poplítea para determinar a distância ideal em que a agulha deve ser posicionada para a feitura do bloqueio anestésico do nervo isquiático anterior a sua bifurcação em nervo tibial e fibular comum. Método O trabalho foi feito por meio de dissecção de fossa poplítea de cadáveres humanos, fixados em formol a 10%, provenientes do Laboratório de Anatomia Humana dos departamentos de Morfologia da Universidade Federal de Alagoas e da Universidade de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas. Obteve‐se acesso ao nervo isquiático. Resultados Foram analisadas 44 fossas poplíteas. Observou‐se a bifurcação do nervo isquiático em relação ao ápice da fossa. Houve bifurcação em 67,96% abaixo do ápice, 15,90% acima do ápice, 11,36% próxima ao ápice e 4,78% na região glútea. Conclusões A bifurcação do nervo isquiático em seus ramos ocorre em vários níveis e a chance de se obter sucesso quando a agulha é usada entre 5 e 7 cm acima da fossa poplítea é de 95,22%. Background and objectives Recently, administration of sciatic nerve block has been revised due to the potential benefit for postoperative analgesia and patient satisfaction after the advent of ultrasound. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical relations of the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa to determine the optimal distance the needle must be positioned in order to realize the sciatic nerve block anterior to its bifurcation into the tibial and common fibular nerve. Method The study was conducted by dissection of human cadavers’ popliteal fossa, fixed in 10% formalin, from the Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Morphology Departments of the Universidade Federal de Alagoas and Universidade de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas. Access to the sciatic nerve was obtained. Results 44 popliteal fossa were analyzed. The bifurcation of the sciatic nerve in relation to the apex of the fossa was observed. There was bifurcation in: 67.96% below the apex, 15.90% above the apex, 11.36% near the apex, and 4.78% in the gluteal region. Conclusions The sciatic nerve bifurcation to its branches occurs at various levels, and the chance to succeed when the needle is placed between 5 and 7 cm above the popliteal is 95.22%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]