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Sideroxylon mascatenseis a short spiny tree widely distributed in the hilly areas of southern Arabian Peninsula (Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Oman) to Pakistan and Afghanistan. Plant-derived products have an imperative biological role against certain pathogenic organisms and were considered to be a major source of modern drugs. The present study evaluated the medicinal effects of nanoemulsion loaded with the plant extract of S. mascatense. Stem part was used for extract preparation which was then incorporated into nanoemulsion, prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique. The prepared nanoemulsion was characterized by checking its size, zeta potential measurements, polydispersity index, phase separation, pH, viscosity, and stability study. Antibacterial and antifungal activity was performed by agar well diffusion method. Blood sugar analysis activity was performed by glucometer. Wound healing evaluation of nanoemulsion containing clove oil was carried out by using the Albino rats. Plant-based nanoemulsion showed significantly higher antibacterial activity against selected bacterial strains while antifungal activity had low to moderate zone of inhibition. Formulated nanoemulsion significantly reduced the blood sugar level and increased the contraction rate of wounds in Albino rats. The results showed that prepared nanoemulsion has particle size (134.66 nm), zeta potential (− 10.43 mV), and polydispersity index (0.63), which fall within standard range. Zeta potential values were from ± 30 mV indicating good stability, which was also confirmed by dispersion stability studies. The current work suggests that a nanoformulation including a stem extract of Sideroxylon mascatensemight be introduced for further study and employed as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. It was also concluded that nanoemulsion significantly reduced the blood glucose level and has good wound healing effects and was found to be statistically significant as compared to control.

This paper discusses the losses in injection molding machine specifically in the plasticization phase. Highest power consuming process is identified and a solution is proposed to reduce the losses and transient-thermal Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed for verification purpose. The results of analysis are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The analysis presented here provides an understanding that how injection system can be redesigned in order to be more energy efficient.

Among an extensive range of materials, biocarbon has acquired considerable interest because of its superiority of wide absorption bandwidth, strong absorption, accessibility, cost-effective and eco-friendly. Here, the inherited morphology of the biocarbon has been utilized to tune the performance of the microwave absorber. Biocarbon (wheat straw & peanut shells) and industrial waste (MnFe2O4) have been used to fabricate microwave absorption composites. Biocarbon wastes with two different morphologies, sheetlike and distorted, have been used to prepare the composites. Composite with sheetlike morphology attained the minimum reflection loss (RLmini) of −19dB but, on the other hand, composite with distorted morphology achieved RLminiof −43dB, as well as, it is the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) covers the whole X-band. Our findings reveal that microwave absorption performance of the absorbers strongly relies on the anisotropic morphology of the biocarbon. It is expected that composites with anisotropic morphology of the biocarbon may be utilized to modify microwave absorption performance for practical applications.