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The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiovascular imaging has revolutionized the field, offering significant advancements in diagnostic accuracy and clinical efficiency. However, the complexity and opacity of AI models, particularly those involving machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), raise critical legal and ethical concerns due to their "black box" nature. This manuscript addresses these concerns by providing a comprehensive review of AI technologies in cardiovascular imaging, focusing on the challenges and implications of the black box phenomenon. We begin by outlining the foundational concepts of AI, including ML and DL, and their applications in cardiovascular imaging. The manuscript delves into the "black box" issue, highlighting the difficulty in understanding and explaining AI decision-making processes. This lack of transparency poses significant challenges for clinical acceptance and ethical deployment. The discussion then extends to the legal and ethical implications of AI's opacity. The need for explicable AI systems is underscored, with an emphasis on the ethical principles of beneficence and non-maleficence. The manuscript explores potential solutions such as explainable AI (XAI) techniques, which aim to provide insights into AI decision-making without sacrificing performance. Moreover, the impact of AI explainability on clinical decision-making and patient outcomes is examined. The manuscript argues for the development of hybrid models that combine interpretability with the advanced capabilities of black box systems. It also advocates for enhanced education and training programs for healthcare professionals to equip them with the necessary skills to utilize AI effectively. Patient involvement and informed consent are identified as critical components for the ethical deployment of AI in healthcare. Strategies for improving patient understanding and engagement with AI technologies are discussed, emphasizing the importance of transparent communication and education. Finally, the manuscript calls for the establishment of standardized regulatory frameworks and policies to address the unique challenges posed by AI in healthcare. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous monitoring, the medical community can ensure the responsible integration of AI into cardiovascular imaging, ultimately enhancing patient care and clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a personal finance management mobile application developed for the Android operating system. The application is in the process of trials and test deployment among selected customers. It provides opportunities for managing a personal budget, retrieval of a financial status report for a certain period, working with expenses and income, report generation and visualization through charts, and barcode scanning. The methodology for designing and implementing the developed prototype includes pre-testing and preliminary interviews with potential customers who need convenient and easy access to manage their personal finances. Extensive research has been done on the availability of similar desktop and mobile applications. Appropriate technologies have been selected for the implementation of the program logic, software part and user interface. As a result, a mobile application has been developed that provides full integration with the web-based personal finance management system, previously created by the authors. The app is open to future improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this preliminary investigation, a discerning evaluation reveals that users face pervasive challenges accessing e-resources within university libraries. A social presence interface design for e-resources is introduced, recognizing the need for user support through effective communication with librarians and assistance for swift information navigation and system function. This research presents a meticulous usability assessment grounded in heuristic evaluation, engaging six expert evaluators comprising specialists in human-computer interaction and librarians. The primary objective is to ascertain the intuitiveness of the interface design and identify potential issues through expert scrutiny. The study unveiled compelling insights by employing a tailored usability heuristic questionnaire encompassing 39 questions aligned with the developed design. Notably, 75.54% of evaluators agreed unanimously regarding the design’s adherence to heuristic principles, indicating their concurrence with the established criteria. Additionally, evaluators provided valuable commentary and feedback focusing on aspects related to icons, labels, and the efficacy of the help function. This comprehensive evaluation informs and enhances the ongoing discourse surrounding optimal user interface design for e-resources in university library settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study created a performance evaluation form specifically designed to assess user interfaces in medical apps, with a focus on educational and preventive aspects. Developed in collaboration with a diverse group of usability and design experts, the form was structured around heuristic principles and rigorously refined using content accuracy evaluations and consistency index analyses. This meticulous process resulted in a comprehensive 145-question tool that successfully met rigorous evaluation standards. Emphasizing the necessity of early integration of user interface considerations in the development process, this tool is crucial for enhancing app usability and quality. It provides immense value to novice developers by addressing common design challenges such as disorganized layouts and privacy concerns, ensuring that mobile applications are not only user-friendly but also highly effective in interactive design scenarios. This approach facilitates the development of apps that are optimally designed for user engagement and functional precision in medical contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this era of digitalization, e-commerce platforms serve as vital transactional bridges between users and sellers, playing quite an important role on serving our interests and needs. With the efficiency and effectiveness offered, it's no wonder e-commerce platforms has become quite popular. This causes the competitive landscape in online marketing quite fierce, with e-commerce platforms striving to retain existing users while attracting new ones and expand their growth even more. Playing quite a huge role to this is the User Interface and User Experience (UI/UX) design, serving as one of the fundamentals in shaping positive user perceptions, leading to user engagement and dynamics with the platform. This research will discuss aspects that can attract users in terms of UI/UX design perspective. By employing a quantitative approach along with quantitative analytics, we aim to uncover the underlying factors that contribute to user attraction and retention. Through a comprehensive analysis of UI/UX design elements such as color theory, navigational ease, importance of homepage design, design priority, and user satisfaction, this study seeks to elucidate the key drivers of UI/UX design, enhancing user engagement and satisfaction. Through this research, our analysis on four well-known e-commerce platforms in Indonesia (Shopee, Tokopedia, Blibli, and Lazada) reveals that Tokopedia ranks highest in user satisfaction with a Mean Opinion Score (MOS) of 3.93 out of 5, followed by Shopee with 3.92, Blibli with 3.83 and lastly Lazada with 3.58. The result aligned with how Tokopedia has been applying the right design on aspects we deemed important leading to satisfactory user satisfaction. Thus, highlighting the importance of homepage design, navigational ease, and color theory in attracting and retaining users. The findings of this research validate the significance of these UI/UX elements and provide practical guidance for improving e-commerce design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The marketplace has become focal point in the ecosystem of electronic commerce, particularly in Indonesia, which has seen rapid growth in the usage of online platforms. Two major marketplaces, Bukalapak and Blibli, stand out as leaders in this market. This study aims to compare the features and user experiences between these two platforms. Employing a survey with 50 respondents, the research found Bukalapak to outperform Blibli in all usability and user satisfaction metrics measured by the USE Questionnaire. While the overall UI/UX advantage for Bukalapak was slight (3.13%), Bukalapak was perceived as better in usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and user satisfaction. These findings suggest that Bukalapak has a slight UI/UX advantage over Blibli, but further research with a larger sample size is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper discusses the adoption of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in the real estate industry focusing on the real estate industry. Along with the times, the marketing tactics of the industry are increasingly developing along with the times. Technology is one of the means in developing marketing strategies for the real estate industry, including AR technology. The purpose of Augmented Reality is to offer innovative means to improve efficiency in the marketing operations of the real estate industry. The waterfall approach was used to develop the Augmented Reality project, which is a linear progression from the beginning of the project to the end, starting with using a good 3D model and user interface, implementing markers, adding interactivity, testing, designing the AR layout, and maintaining After analysing the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) as a measurement method, we obtained positive evaluations by entering data from 30 respondents. These positive ratings were obtained for all dimensions of AReal augmented reality with above-average scores. The Perspicuity dimension showed a proficient level of clarity and comfort among users, with an average score of 1.908, which is the highest average score among the other dimensions. In contrast, the novelty dimension had the lowest average score of 1. 850 points, but the average score is above average, indicating a positive evaluation. The UEQ dimensions can be categorized into attractiveness, utilitarian quality, and hedonic quality. Practical quality scored the lowest, hedonic quality scored the highest, and attractiveness was somewhere in between. Overall, the results show that user reviews for AReal Augmented Reality are positive across multiple dimensions, with Perspicuity receiving praise and Novity results indicating that the augmented reality experience is well received overall and provides valuable insights for further improvement and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital era has transformed education, making online learning platforms crucial to the teaching process. The Ruangguru app has become one of the e-learning platforms widely used in Indonesia, as evidenced by more than 10 million downloads on the Play Store. This study aims to identify and analyze usability issues in the Ruangguru application using the Heuristic Evaluation method. Three experts assessed the app using Nielsen's ten Usability Heuristics principles. The evaluation revealed that while Ruangguru generally demonstrates acceptable usability, specific areas need improvement, particularly in user control and freedom, recognition rather than recall, and aesthetic and minimalist design. Recommendations include adding undo and redo functions, simplifying the user interface, and ensuring consistency in design elements. By implementing these suggestions, developers can enhance user engagement and satisfaction, further promoting interest in learning and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When teams meet via computer-mediated communication to make a decision, awareness of who is present, whether other team members understand what is happening, and whether other team members agree with a decision is important to collaboration but more difficult to maintain via computer-mediated communication than face-to-face. The results of an experiment involving virtually collaborating teams is presented that examines the effects of a user interface "nudge" that indicates the presence of other team members, which team members need assistance, and whether team members agree with the team's decision. Teams with the nudge had higher perceptions of presence awareness, which in turn decreases feelings of dispensability and increases feelings that the team has reached consensus. Dispensability and consensus are linked with perceptions that the team is ready to execute their decision. Thus, a "cascade" approach to awareness via computer-mediated communication is offered and its implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Navigating online bookstores and library catalogues for leisure reading can be challenging, especially when people want to engage in a more exploratory and serendipitous search. This study investigated how users navigate and select novels in an online bookstore environment, focusing on the impact of individual user interface elements and information architecture on their experience. Employing a combination of screen recordings with eye-tracking and concurrent think-aloud, the study examined user interactions to understand their navigation patterns, emotional responses, and perceptions related to various interface elements and functionalities. We created path visualizations through qualitative analysis representing participants' actions and pages visited during search sessions. Additionally, search behavior was examined using eye-tracking data from the results list page. Users' emotions and perceptions expressed during concurrent thinkaloud were then mapped to specific elements and features of the tested online bookstore. Preliminary findings indicate that negative emotions experienced during the search and selection process were predominantly linked to insufficient metadata and resulting usability issues, which impacted user experience and evoked feelings of distrust and frustration. This was especially pronounced when participants compared their experiences with those on similar platforms. The study highlights the critical role of high-quality, consistent book metadata in meeting user expectations. Effective metadata not only facilitates easier navigation and selection of novels, but also increases the likelihood of users revisiting the online bookstore. Our study contributes to a deeper understanding of digital browsing behaviors in selecting leisure reading and offers insights for designing more useful user interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current study aimed at exploring the impact of expert systems components (knowledge base, inference engine, explanation component, user interface, acquisition component) on organizational financial efficiency from perspective of financial managers within industrial organizations in Jordan. The quantitative deductive approach was utilized, and a questionnaire was handed to a convenient sample of (331) financial managers and analysts within industrial organizations. SPSS was adopted in order to process and analyze primary data; results of study accepted the main hypothesis which was articulated "expert systems components have statistically significant influence on financial efficiency" with r = 0.656 and a substantial relationship between "expert systems" and "financial Efficiency". This relationship accounted for 43.1% of the variance in the examined variable (the dependent variable). Regarding sub-variables, it was seen that the highest in influence was "user interface" scoring an r= 0.592 and a medium relationship with financial efficiency that accounted for 35.1% of the variance. Study recommended the need for expert systems to be able to reason and explain the reasons for the recommendations they make and to respond to simple questions raised by non-specialists. Further recommendations were presented in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As technology becomes increasingly integrated into our daily lives, the role of software engineering in promoting healthy lifestyles has become increasingly important. Software applications have permeated our routines and well-being. Scrum, unlike traditional methodologies, offers an agile, iterative, and client-centric approach to software engineering. It emphasizes frequent client involvement, adaptability to changing requirements, and early risk mitigation, fostering a dynamic and responsive development environment. This approach is particularly crucial in the realm of mobile application design. Meanwhile, Grounded Theory can enhance the understanding of the alignment between developers and users' needs. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the development journey of a mobile application designed for promoting health, utilizing the Scrum framework and Grounded Theory. The iterative process, based on qualitative research, encompasses requirements gathering, database design, interface development, and usability testing. The author introduces concepts and styles to define and simplify sprints for improved clarity and comprehension. The usability testing for the proposed application-based Scrum framework was evaluated by two groups: an expert group familiar with the application's functionality and a participant group with no prior experience. The chi-square analysis revealed no significant differences between the two groups in their performance of the set of tasks, suggesting the application was evaluated similarly. Furthermore, the results of the post-test questionnaire, specifically the System Usability Scale (SUS) measure, indicate that over 83% of the participants scored the application above 82, placing it in the "A" grade range and reflecting an excellent level of user satisfaction. The analysis of the gathered data yields valuable insights with practical implications for organizations aiming to optimize the effectiveness of their Scrum teams. The findings demonstrate the usability of the proposed application design, providing a framework for developing health-focused mobile applications using the Scrum framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary goal of the study is to optimize and streamline the attendance recording and monitoring process for learning sessions by leveraging advanced technologies such as machine learning and cloud computing. The methodology employed is based on the extreme programming (XP) project management approach. Throughout its phases, the entire implementation process of the application, from conception to launch, is described in detail. Firebase is used as the database manager to ensure the efficiency and security of student information and attendance records. Additionally, the Firebase machine learning kit is used to verify attendance registration through QR codes. The application was tested with fifth-year high school students from an educational institution. The user interface has been designed to be attractive, intuitive, and easy to use for both teachers and students. The study results demonstrate that the use of this application significantly reduces the time spent on attendance recording compared to traditional methods. There has been a high level of satisfaction and acceptance of the “ASYS” application among teachers and students. In conclusion, this study has successfully implemented a mobile application that revolutionizes attendance recording and monitoring in educational institutions. It harnesses the power of machine learning and cloud computing to enhance efficiency and the user experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As technology becomes increasingly integrated into our daily lives, the role of software engineering in promoting healthy lifestyles has become increasingly important. Software applications have permeated our routines and well-being. Scrum, unlike traditional methodologies, offers an agile, iterative, and client-centric approach to software engineering. It emphasizes frequent client involvement, adaptability to changing requirements, and early risk mitigation, fostering a dynamic and responsive development environment. This approach is particularly crucial in the realm of mobile application design. Meanwhile, Grounded Theory can enhance the understanding of the alignment between developers and users' needs. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the development journey of a mobile application designed for promoting health, utilizing the Scrum framework and Grounded Theory. The iterative process, based on qualitative research, encompasses requirements gathering, database design, interface development, and usability testing. The author introduces concepts and styles to define and simplify sprints for improved clarity and comprehension. The usability testing for the proposed application-based Scrum framework was evaluated by two groups: an expert group familiar with the application's functionality and a participant group with no prior experience. The chi-square analysis revealed no significant differences between the two groups in their performance of the set of tasks, suggesting the application was evaluated similarly. Furthermore, the results of the post-test questionnaire, specifically the System Usability Scale (SUS) measure, indicate that over 83% of the participants scored the application above 82, placing it in the "A" grade range and reflecting an excellent level of user satisfaction. The analysis of the gathered data yields valuable insights with practical implications for organizations aiming to optimize the effectiveness of their Scrum teams. The findings demonstrate the usability of the proposed application design, providing a framework for developing health-focused mobile applications using the Scrum framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing a dynamic, personalized user interface that changes in real-time in response to user behavior is the goal. This paper supplies a modern method to beautify consumers enjoy using Reinforcement Learning (RL) and a Deep Q Network (DQN). Through support examination, the task objectives are to upgrade buyer connections and increment commitment, delight, and undertaking of consummation rates. Users who utilize traditional user interfaces get a common experience because they're impersonal and unflexible. The potential for higher engagement and happiness levels is limited in the absence of real-time changes based on individual preferences and behaviors. To overcome this problem, the study suggests a cunning technique for a getting-to-comprehend layout that may constantly analyze and modify patron communications. This evaluation is new as it provides a blended RL and DQN framework that modifies person interfaces grade by grade. Dissimilar to conventional methodologies, the proposed form adjusts the utilization of well-known, over-the-top prize moves with the development of the most recent ones through an investigation double-dealing system. EventType, contentId, personId, sensorId, and timestamp are instances of timestamped insights handles that give a thorough skill of client conduct and license planned and nuanced changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the perceptions of higher education students regarding an interactive DC (Direct Current) motor simulator, shedding light on the evolving landscape of virtual education. By utilizing five aspects of learning dimension, visual elements, software functionality, usability, and portability of a four-point Likert scale questionnaire, the research uncovers a generally positive reception of the simulator among students, who view it as a valuable complement to traditional hands-on laboratories, enabling self-paced learning and offering repeatable experiments in a safe environment. Nevertheless, our research highlights notable concerns, such as challenges related to user interface design and pre-installation software. These findings offer crucial insights into the strengths and limitations of a DC motor simulator in higher education, providing guidance for educators and instructional designers striving to optimize digital learning experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an automated irrigation system developed for the needs of private farms and non-profit organizations in the Balkans. Specific hardware and software components are combined for its construction and efficient management. The system is undergoing trials and test implementation among selected groups of customers. For the convenience of users, with the aim of saving time and costs, as well as for continuous remote access to the system, a mobile application has been developed for monitoring work processes, climatic conditions and water supplies. The methodology for the design and implementation of the proposed system and the mobile application for its control included preliminary test studies and discussions with potential customers in need of remotely controlled irrigation systems, including difficult-to-access areas. The authors of the paper present implemented solutions in the mobile application. This paper describes the basic processes of building the system, available hardware components, software management and user interface of the mobile application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimized user experience and individualized task assistance are key factors for the success of e-business applications because they serve both, users, and service providers. In this paper we present an adaptation agent for observing and analyzing interactive behavior, emotional state and task-accomplishment of individual users while working with interactive e-business applications. The agent recognizes specific situations and can adapt the interactive application at runtime by co-operating with a model-based user interface development framework (MBUID) and by providing domain-specific guidance for the user. After introducing purpose, business context of our approach, and related work, the paper discusses the structure and functionality of the SitAdapt adaptation agent. The operation of the adaptation agent is demonstrated for a travel-booking platform that currently serves as a workbench for testing and evaluating our situation-analytic and emotion-triggered approach for creating highly competitive and individualized business applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly technical advancements have created new hurdles for industrial software development, this article proposes the validation of an architecture for the visualization of information through complex networks, accomplished by the alignment of the practices of the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) with the OpenUp disciplines. Relying on ontology methods, CMMI and OpenUP data were crossed on Neo4j graph database management system, following the proposed architecture. This demonstration case started with tabled datasets that have low complexity at the data level, therefore, as defined, we followed for the graph database (Neo4j), then to the user interface finalizing at information visualization. The main contribution of this study is certainly the validation of the technological architecture, through the cross mapping of CMMI and OpenUP in graph database, allowing future contributions to the matter. For future work, we propose the alignment of the model in a study case applied in the real environment, through the development of an adequate replicable framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is crucial to assess the usability of digital health applications to promote physical exercise since problems with usability could lead to errors in utilization, which may result in accidents such as falls. Heuristic evaluation has been applied in different areas, including applications to promote healthy and active aging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usability of the two user interfaces (i.e., the practitioner interface and the participant interface) of a web-based application to deliver a home-based personalized physical exercise program for older adults using the heuristic evaluation method. The Heuristic Evaluation System Checklist (HESC) was used, and three evaluators analysed both user interfaces. The results indicate that there were minor usability issues in both interfaces, and that the web-based application presents good usability. Out of the 292 checklist sub-heuristics of the HESC Checklist, 183 in the practitioner interface were compliant, ten were not compliant, and 99 were not applicable. Similarly, 172 sub-heuristics in the participant interface were compliant, eight were not compliant, and 112 were not applicable. The study highlighted that heuristic evaluation generates a considerable amount of objective information, providing an exhaustive identification of aspects that require improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the aging population grows and technology persists, autonomous vehicles (AVs) present a significant opportunity to enhance safety and mobility for the elderly. This qualitative literature review identifies the specific challenges faced by elderly drivers in safety and technical concerns. The study identifies four emerging themes: financial barriers to AV market access, resistance to autonomous vehicle trust, quality of life, improvements, and cognitive decline in driving abilities. The results reveal the benefits AVs can offer, however high cost and trust issues among the elderly prevent their broad acceptance and usage. The study highlights the requirement of developing user interfaces that are more accessible for the elderly, implementing pricing strategies that consider their financial constraints, and establishing AV educational programs. These strategies are essential for enabling elderly drivers to AV technology. This allows the elderly to leverage AV innovations to maintain their independence and improve their overall quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes the so-called large user interface models (LUIMs) to enable the generation of user interfaces and prediction of usability using artificial intelligence in the context of mobile applications. To this end, we synergized an integrated framework for the effective testing of the usability of mobile applications following a selective review of the most influential models of mobile usability testing. Next, we identified and analysed 13 recent AI tools that generate user interfaces for mobile apps, and systematically tested these tools to identify their AI capabilities. Our striking findings demonstrate that current generative UI tools fail to address mobile usability attributes, such as efficiency, learnability, effectiveness, satisfaction, and memorability. Our large UI models' architecture proposes to leverage the capabilities of large language models, large vision models, and large code models to overcome the challenges of AI-driven UI/UX design and front-end implementations. This fascinating UI eco-system must be augmented with sufficient UI data and multi-sensory input regarding user behaviour to train the models. We anticipate LUIMs to create ample opportunities, like expedited frontend software development, enhanced personalised user experience, and wider accessibility of smart technologies. However, the research challenges hindering the UI generation and usability prediction of mobile apps include the seamless integration of complex generative AI models, semantic understanding of non-uniform visual designs, scarcity of UX datasets, and modelling of realistic user interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel coronavirus pandemic, shortly known as COVID-19, has become one of the deadliest and costliest events in recent human history. Since it started in December 2019, as of 4 January 2021, this virus infected 83,910,386 people around the globe and killed 1,839,660 lives, including 20,258,725 confirmed cases with 347,555 deaths only in the United States. Early detection and diagnosis of the virus can significantly save lives by controlling the spreading of the virus and monitoring the patients. In the process to fight COVID-19, artificial intelligence (AI) can be a very important tool for early detection and diagnosis to fight COVID-19 and save the global economy and lives. This article presents a unique and timely review on using AI for the early detection and diagnosis of COVID-19. Sourcing from open-access online materials and academic outlets, the article analyses sample articles concerning the use of AI in detecting and diagnosing COVID-19. The research team scrutinised the contents using established content analysis approach. Even though the pandemic started only about a year ago, AI is being used very effectively for the detection and diagnosis of COVID-19. Medical practitioners, researchers and scientists around the world are using AI for this purpose in different ways. AI is playing an important role to fight COVID-19 by early detecting and diagnosing it. It is anticipated that the findings would offer benefits in enhancing the use of AI to control the spreading and saving lives from the deadly virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to read and count is essential to be mastered by every student to foster future academic and professional success. However, students with dyslexia have limited ability to read and count. Using learning apps can help children with dyslexia develop reading and counting skills. User interface design is an essential aspect of application development. The research aims to develop a user interface design for learning applications for dyslexic children. User interface design development methods use design thinking approaches that have levels of empathy, define, ideate, prototype, and test. The development of user interface design of learning applications also involves gamification and multi-sensory to help improve students' understanding of dyslexia when using applications. Evaluation of user interface design using the System Usability Scale (SUS) method yields a total average value of 82. This shows that the user interface design of learning applications for students with dyslexia is acceptable and suitable for users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing exploitation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies has enabled the design of user interfaces in a way that integrating artificial intelligence capabilities has become crucial in the modern digital landscape. Exploring the main features and best practices for designing user interfaces for Web applications, which effectively support and leverage AI functionalities, is currently one of the relevant topics in this context. This research work discusses the fundamental principles of user interface (UI) design, and the challenges posed by the integration of AI into web applications. It emphasizes the need to strike a balance between the AI advanced capabilities and the users' ability to understand and control the system. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of creating intuitive and engaging UI designs that empower users to interact with AI-driven features effortlessly. The study presents a comprehensive analysis of various UI design techniques specifically tailored for AI-enabled web applications user interfaces. Additionally, the paper explores the incorporation of AI-driven recommendation systems, personalized interfaces, and adaptive designs, which dynamically adapt to users' preferences and behavior. To validate the proposed user interface design principles, the study presents a proposal for a guidelines structure that promotes empirical evaluations through user studies and usability testing. Results collected via a survey based on measuring the effectiveness and user satisfaction of AI-enabled Web interfaces. User interfaces in real-life scenarios are presented and provides information on the impact of UI design decisions on user interaction and overall experience. The outcomes of this research work contribute to a deeper understanding of UI design for AI-supported Web applications user interfaces and offer practical guidelines for designers and developers. By embracing the suggested principles, organizations and designers can create Web interfaces that effectively harness the power of AI while prioritizing user-centricity, accessibility, and ethical considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of computers has become an integral part of our daily lives, and they are utilized in various fields. However, traditional input devices such as a mouse and keyboard can sometimes be limiting. Hand gestures can provide a more natural and efficient way of interacting with computers. However, since gestures can vary in orientation and shape from person to person, this creates a non-linear problem. Hence we propose an image-based gesture recognition method that leverages well-established models. The models were trained on a diverse dataset encompassing a wide range of gestures performed by various individuals under different environmental conditions. The experiments exhibit remarkable adaptability to different gestures resulting in a robust and accurate recognition in real-world scenarios. This research will help in creating better human-computer interaction interfaces offering users more natural and efficient ways to interact with computers. The improved gesture recognition systems elevate overall user experience and productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the implementation of "ESPE Security," an application designed to manage community emergency alerts. A data collection technique was employed to understand frequent incidents in the Luz de América parish in the Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas province. A sample of 440 residents was gathered through surveys covering an age range of 15 to 60 years, including various demographic groups such as students, traders, and the general population. The collected data revealed that approximately 87.95% of the surveyed rural parish population desires an application to report community incidents, as they have reported incidents such as traffic accidents, thefts, crimes, health issues, and homelessness. Based on these findings, a mobile and web application was developed to notify incidents in real time. The design and development of these applications involved technologies such as MongoDB, React, and Node.js, focusing on providing an intuitive user interface. Tests were conducted with 69 end-users and seven experts, employing quantitative techniques to assess design and usability. The results for design were 90%, and for usability, it was 66.70%. Therefore, mobile and web applications are helpful for real-time notification of critical incidents and will contribute to the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern e-businesses heavily rely on advanced data analytics for product recommendations. However, there are still untapped opportunities to enhance user interfaces. Currently, online stores offer a single-page version to all customers, overlooking individual characteristics. This paper aims to identify the essential components and present a framework for enabling multiple e-commerce user interfaces. It also seeks to address challenges associated with personalized e-commerce user interfaces. The methodology includes detailing the framework for serving diverse e-commerce user interfaces and presenting pilot implementation results. Key components, particularly the role of algorithms in personalizing the user experience, are outlined. The results demonstrate promising outcomes for the implementation of the pilot solution, which caters to various e-commerce user interfaces. User characteristics support multivariant websites, with algorithms facilitating continuous learning. Newly proposed metrics effectively measure changes in user behavior resulting from different interface deployments. This paper underscores the central role of personalized e-commerce user interfaces in optimizing online store efficiency. The framework, supported by machine learning algorithms, showcases the feasibility and benefits of different page versions. The identified components, challenges, and proposed metrics contribute to a comprehensive solution and set the stage for further development of personalized e-commerce interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bandung City APBD website was built to educate and inform the wider community about regional financial transparency. However, in its development, several problems were found such as monotonous appearance, unclear colour contrast, and others. Therefore, the Human Centered Design method was chosen as the development of design solutions to the problems that exist on this website. This research conducted 2 evaluation processes and obtained an average effectiveness value of 100% using the completion rate formula, the average efficiency value (before 0.0114 goals/second, after 0.0125 goals/second) using the time-based efficiency formula, and the user satisfaction value (before 66 was in the 'bad' predicate, after 104 was in the 'very good' predicate). This shows that the improvements made are in accordance with user needs and have a high level of satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classroom routines are the fundamental basis of classroom management. Consistency of routines is one strategy for effective and efficient classroom management. This study aimed to develop and design a classroom Mobile Assistance Supervision Tool and Reporting for Teachers (MASTR) using an integration of the Modified Feature Development and Task-Centered User Interface Design approaches. It has four phases: identification, requirement gathering, design and development, which uses heuristics and walkthrough evaluations that produced two iterations, and usability testing. Using the heuristics and walkthrough evaluations led to an 87.62 usability rating. MASTR is an offline, Android-based application to aid effective and efficient classroom management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High traffic data requests through APIs can significantly impact the performance of mobile applications, affecting both the user interface and overall system performance. The user's perception and experience while performing tasks within the application are closely tied to the perceived performance of the user interface. To understand the impact of connection requests on application performance, a study is necessary, with responsiveness being a critical factor. This study aims to investigate the potential effects on the user interface when each unit or feature in the application requires a data connection through the API. The study will examine code patterns and conduct multiple data requests through APIs. Performance profiling will be the main method used to test each unit or block of code related to data request and reception via the API. The obtained results from the testing process will reveal the performance of the currency tracker application, specifically in areas directly associated with data request and reception via the API. To optimize the request and data calling process, best practices such as AsyncTask and Coroutine will be implemented. The implementation of these best practices will be assessed based on a predefined matrix to measure improvements needed to enhance applications' performance. Therefore, the results of this study will demonstrate the influence of data request and reception processes within applications on network activity. Furthermore, the implementation of best practices, specifically AsyncTask and Coroutine, will enhance the overall performance of the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lazada is one of the famous online e-commerce platforms in Southeast Asia. Even though it is the same organization, but the operation, and mechanism in every country is not 100% the same, because it will localize the user experiences and user interface for every country. In this study, Malaysia and Thailand is chosen to determine if the localization of user experience and user interface will affect on the security mechanism. Due to the large amount of online transaction, it is needed to have a strong security mechanism to protect the users from the internet hackers and scam. Hence, in this research, the security mechanism from users' perspective will be studied. The most used security constructs such as Transaction Procedure, Technical Protection, Security Statements, Perceived Security and Perceived Trust are studied to identify the difference in the extent of the electronic payment system (EPS) used in Lazada between Malaysian and Thai users. Quantitative research method is applied with total of 250 samples collected from Malaysian and Thai users. The collected data is analysed through SPSS with Pearson Correlation Analysis to determine the hypothesis. The results of the data analysis indicate that Malaysians and Thais have different perceptions of the security mechanisms on Lazada, with Malaysians placing greater emphasis on Security Statements and Technical Protection and Thais on Security Statements and Perceived Trust. It proved that the localization of user interface and user experiences from the perspective of security mechanism will bring different perspectives for the users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online learning has become a widespread practice for students and teachers in acquiring and delivering knowledge. Education platforms have become prominent in the 21st century with the evolution of technology and the accessibility to online learning. As a result, various learning management systems (LMSs) have been introduced to facilitate online interaction between users. For instance, communication between students and teachers at school. However, there is a need to emphasise user engagement in LMS to enhance the online learning experience amongst students since the design of LMS affects user engagement. This study utilised a systematic literature review (SLR) that examined 74 articles published between 2014 and 2023, focusing on cross-cultural design (CCD), user-centred design (UCD), and usability in LMS design. This study aimed to review CCD and its association with UCD, user interfaces (UI), and user experience (UX) in the context of LMS. CCD has been introduced as an approach to design that embraces different cultures, languages, and social contexts, while UCD plays a significant role in defining user engagement for LMS. All elements in CCD and UCD help create a better user experience for LMS. Besides, this study reviewed the usability of selected LMS to give insights to developers in creating a positive user engagement. An insight into cultural factors that influence the usability of LMS has revealed their value for LMS design, such as the UI/UX elements. Initially, this study may guide future researchers in improving education quality by emphasising CCD and LMS usability, which can enhance user engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in manufacturing processes is raising the need of users to understand and interpret the decision-making processes of complex AI systems. Traditional black-box AI models often lack transparency, making it challenging for users to comprehend the reasoning behind their outputs. In contrast, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques provide interpretability by revealing the internal mechanisms of AI models, making them more trustworthy and facilitating human-AI collaboration. In order to promote XAI models' dissemination, this paper proposes a matrix-based methodology to design XAI-driven user interfaces in manufacturing contexts. It helps in mapping the users' needs and identifying the "explainability visualization types" that best fits the end users' requirements for the specific context of use. The proposed methodology was applied in the XMANAI European Project (https://ai4manufacturing.eu), aimed at creating a novel AI platform to support XAI-supported decision making in manufacturing plants. Results showed that the proposed methodology is able to guide companies in the correct implementation of XAI models, realizing the full potential of AI while ensuring human oversight and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term ‘dark patterns’ is commonly used to describe manipulative or exploitative techniques implemented into the user interface of websites and apps that lead users to make choices or decisions that would not have otherwise been taken. Legal academic and policy work has focused on establishing classifications, definitions, constitutive elements, and typologies of dark patterns across different fields. Regulators have responded to these dark patterns with several enforcement decisions related to data protection, privacy violations, and rulings protecting consumers. By analysing such enforcement decisions, we conclude that this deceptive design is inappropriately attributed to the user interface when some patterns are embedded in the system architecture. With this in mind, the article also analyses the emerging digital design acquis of the European Union. The Digital Markets Act and Digital Services Act, the proposals for a new Data Act, and the AI Act are critiqued for their suitability to regulate deceptive design over the entirety of the deceptive design visibility spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, tablet-based devices have become significantly more utilized platforms for electronic medical record (EMR) systems. EMR is the digital counterpart of the medical doctor's office paper charts. EMR systems contain the medical and treatment histories of the patients in a unified practice. Nevertheless, statistics indicate that a considerable percentage of medical doctors are elderly, aged 60 and above. As using mobile handheld devices (including tablets) poses a well-recognized usability challenge for elderly users, the user interface (UI) usability of tablet-based EMR systems must be thoroughly assessed, considering the needs of elderly medical doctors. Accordingly, our objective is to address this need. Three expert evaluators implemented the heuristic evaluation (HE) approach to evaluate the UI usability of a commercial EMR system that is a tablet-based platform. Applying the HE approach helped identify usability problems that elderly medical doctors might encounter when utilizing a tablet-based EMR UI. In total, eight usability problems contributed to the seven heuristic violations discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence refers to simulating the human intelligence in machines. As it is present in all aspects of life, it has a great impact on the healthcare systems. In this article, the concept of artificial intelligence and its expected role on healthcare systems are presented. The Egyptian Universal Health Insurance system is presented as a case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to analyze the experiences of customers who used the food ordering app (FOA) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) using a systematic review technique. By focusing on customers in HCMC, the study offered valuable localized insights, which could prove instrumental in improving app features, optimizing user interface, and tailoring marketing strategies for better user engagement. Subsequently, this study delivered an exhaustive explanation of the practical application of decision science, focusing on its relevance to the usage pattern of FOAs by customers on their handheld devices. Based on a systematic review, this study demonstrates that brand trust, service quality, hedonic motivation, price value, performance expectancy, and online reviews all have a positive influence on customer satisfaction and their intention to reuse the FOA. The scholars and management in the food industry of HCMC have the opportunity to use the results of this research as a blueprint for enhancing and reorganizing their customer service practices. They may strive to enhance the overall quality of service by improving the food ordering applications and integrating them with the identified criteria. The management of restaurants or food companies that use an app to deliver services to customers should update their apps to offer excellent services. As a result, it is anticipated that this will have a positive effect on customer satisfaction and enhance the likelihood of customers returning to utilize the service again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile augmented reality (MAR) has gained significant attention in the tourism sector as a way to enhance the visitor experience. The rapid advancements in mobile computing and sensor technologies have facilitated the widespread use of geospatial augmented reality (AR) applications by tourists when exploring popular destinations. To analyze the impact of AR technology on the tourism experience, we developed the FEZAR mobile application. This application serves as the focal point of our study, allowing us to evaluate user performance using a comparative experimental approach. To ensure the usability of the FEZAR application, professionals with expertise in mobile technologies, including AR, performed rigorous testing and evaluation of the application. Through their evaluations, significant usability issues were identified and resolved, resulting in the application being well-received by the experts. Subsequently, a comparative field study was conducted in Fez's old medina, a crowded UNESCO heritage site, involving users (N = 40) who were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups in equal distribution. The results of the study revealed that the proposed AR model had a significant positive impact on user visits. Compared to other forms of media, AR offers more informative and enjoyable experiences. Additionally, it effectively helps locate monuments in crowded tourism settings. The findings of this research make a valuable contribution to the ongoing discussion regarding the impact of evaluating MAR user interfaces on increasing visitor engagement with tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtually enhancing the real environment with augmented reality (AR) has lots of potential but is still in the early stages of research. The definition of appropriate user interfaces (UIs) is complicated by the absence of standards and the growing complexity of interaction opportunities. Several educators have discussed the advantages of XR for students as well as the use of AR and VR in the laboratory. Utilizing AR and VR to create immersive learning experiences is challenging since it takes time and effort to construct instructional AR and VR tools, apps, or educational settings. Because of this, even though these new technologies are said to help today's students, their implementation in education may be postponed or stopped. In this research, the usage of XR technologies in education has been investigated through the examination of websites, technical papers, reports, and mobile app stores. This research study proposes a collision detection algorithm (CDA) utilizing machine learning. In order to aid in the identification of the meeting of two objects in the virtual environment, the collision detection method is employed in applications that support augmented reality and simulated reality technologies. In this study, mean, standard deviation and error parameters were utilized to analyze competitions that were related to augmented reality and virtual reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper aims to identify and describe changes in football fans' lives brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Meeting at the intersection of football fandom and COVID-19, the objective of this study was to understand and describe how and why football fans experienced the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of their sports' spectating habits. The findings are structured around seven overlapping areas at the intersection of football fandom and COVID-19: 1) emotions; 2) socialising; 3) demand for technologies; 4) temporality; 5) stadium attendance; 6) benefits; 7) stability and changeability. Findings indicated that the pandemic has negatively affected fans' social and emotional responses, which increase the demand for technologies such as: immersive technologies, performance advanced analytics with user friendly interfaces, and e-sports. The findings could be useful to sports management professionals and allow them to build strategies to deliver better fan experiences in extraordinary circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the continuous usage intention of head-mounted display-based virtual reality (HMD-based VR) content among college students. The study also sought to understand how this intention is influenced by factors related to personal cognition, social aspects, VR content, and HMD-related elements. Methods This descriptive correlational study used a self-report questionnaire to survey 217 students from two universities in Korea who had prior experience with HMD-based VR content. Result: The mean score for continuous usage intention of HMD-based VR content was 2.59±0.57 points (range, 1-5 points). Regarding the average frequency of HMD-based VR content usage, 64.5% of participants reported using it 1 to 2 times, while 91.7% indicated a total HMD-based VR usage period of less than 6 months. Factors such as personal cognition, VR content, social aspects, and HMD-related elements had explanatory power of 35.1%, 10.7%, 4.4%, and 2.5%, respectively, for the continuous usage intention of HMD-based VR content. Additionally, engagement (β=.45, p<.001), influential others (β=.37, p<.001), environmental support (β=-.18, p=.030), and cyber sickness (β=-.21, p=.001) were identified as having a significant influence. Conclusioi When developing HMD-based VR content, strategies to improve users' personal cognition should be included. Additionally, it is necessary to develop strategies that enhance enjoyment and interest in the content, while also facilitating ongoing social support. Furthermore, coping strategies should be devised that take into account cyber sickness, a potential side effect of these devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elderly population is rapidly increasing worldwide, but many face challenges in using digital tools like the Internet due to health and incapacity issues. Existing online search user interfaces (UIs) often overlook the specific usability needs of the elderly. This study proposes an adaptable web search UI model for the elderly, based on their perspectives, to enhance search performance and usability. The proposed UI model is evaluated through comparative usability testing with 20 participants, comparing it to the Google search UI. Effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction are measured using task completion time, error rate, and subjective preferences. The results show significant differences (p > 0.05) between the proposed web search UI model and the Google search UI. The proposed UI model achieves higher subjective satisfaction levels, indicating better alignment with the needs and preferences of elderly users. It also reduces task completion time, indicating improved efficiency, and decreases the error rate, suggesting enhanced effectiveness. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the unique usability needs of the elderly when designing search UIs. The proposed adaptable web search UI model offers a promising approach to enhance the digital experiences of elderly users. This study lays the groundwork for further development and refinement of adaptable web search UI models that cater to the specific needs of elderly users, enabling designers to create more inclusive and user-friendly search interfaces for the growing elderly population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A machine learning (ML) based software for stock investment decision making is designed and implemented to explore problems of developing the financial software with intelligent capabilities. Two main issues are discussed in this paper: how to integrate the process of software development and ML module development; how to integrate the ML modules into the software. A utility optimization problem is proposed to formulate soft-ware design considerations. In the prototype system, three modules are implemented to facilitate the investment decision making process: a fundamental analysis module; a stock chip analysis module; and a technical analysis module. Those modules let the user to sieve candidate stocks for investment and help the user to judge whether or not it's a good timing to invest. For making better user experience, we implement a user interface in a social communication software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conventional fuzz testing process consists of an input mutation, an execution to test the program, monitoring, and information collection to discover bugs and security vul-nerabilities. However, practical programs have more features and complex logic, and leg-acy mutation strategies cannot reach a deeper path to find potential bugs. A solution to this problem is to analyze the input seeds and employ test harnesses for the testing flows. This study proposes an interactive visualization tool called FuzzInspector for fuzz testing. We implemented a visualizer mode on AFL++ to generate test data for a binary analysis tool (Qiling framework and Radare2). We then visualized the controlflow graph and execution path information. This method does not require the source code and reduces the perfor-mance overhead. We also implemented an interactive user interface for the user to set the breakpoint, seed, register, and memory address and send the request to the Qiling frame-work for dynamic analysis. Moreover, the seed constraint can assist the fuzzer in generat-ing a formatted seed for exploring a specific execution path. We evaluated the search time using a known approach to common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVE) and found that the search for bugs with constraints is 15 to 20 times faster than that without constraints. Moreover, we introduced a dynamic analysis feature to find controllable data and assist the exploit development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]