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Polyester fibers (PEF) were successfully coated with Polyaniline (PANI) via in situ polymerization to make electrically conductive fibers (ECF). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the synthesis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms the coating of PANI on the surface of PEF. Both coated and uncoated fibers were tested for their DC conductivity, and the results showed a clear difference between the two. From a highly insulating state, it transitions to about 0.1 S/cm. Both the tensile strength and modulus seemed to rise, going from 0.5 MPa to 2.5 MPa and from 0.04 MPa to 0.4 MPa, respectively. Blocking electromagnetic (EM) waves primarily requires a material with good electrical conductivity. The fabric proved effective in blocking about 99.9% of the ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared rays. Fabrics that effectively block electromagnetic waves are able to conceal the high-temperature human body from a thermal imaging camera, which detects heat signatures by observing the infrared (IR) radiation generated by objects. We also measured the dielectric characteristics using impedance analysis and found that the values for the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity dramatically increased from the frequency range of 100 Hz to 5 MHz. Further, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and shielding efficiency were determined with the aid of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss (SE). The overall SE in the same 100 Hz to 5 MHz range was similarly more than 80 dB. Improved EMI shielding was feasible due to the non-woven fabric's strong electrical conductivity, homogenous PANI coating on the surface, and great compactness. These findings are enough to predict that these fibers will provide good EMI shielding and thermal imaging when used in any application.

Structures made of reinforced concrete are susceptible to developing cracks when they are in the path of earthquakes, strong winds, or increased structural loading. It is therefore possible that it will be necessary to manage structural cracking in the Service Limit State to maximise the lifetime and strength of the structural components under any stress. Helical containment is superior to rectangular containment in terms of its ability to strengthen and ductile the Reinforced Concrete (RC) structural member. In the current work, six distinct beams were each subjected to a series of tests to see how they behaved in terms of cracking when subjected to bending loads. Each of these tests used a unique helical pitch space distance. The beams all measured 150 mm by 150 mm and 750 mm in length. They were designed in accordance with the criteria of Euro code 2, with the identical dimensions. Both 50 and 100 mm were used to take the measurement for the helical pitch. The findings indicate that the utilisation of helical elements does influence the cracking behaviour of the beams. The most important finding was that the measurement of the crack’s thickness was slightly reduced when the beams were restricted to a helical zone with a closer spacing between them. The fact that the theoretical crack is longer than the actual crack that was measured experimentally demonstrates that the Euro code 2 standard provides a more accurate forecast as well as a higher factor of safety. This is demonstrated by the fact that the theoretical crack is larger than the actual crack that was measured.