177 results on '"THEORY (Philosophy)"'
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2. LIETUVOS KULTŪROS FILOSOFIJOS POKYČIAI.
- Author
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VAREIKIS, ŽILVINAS
- Subjects
MODERN philosophy ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,LITHUANIANS ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,ONTOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. HALKBİLİMSEL METAETİK KURAM ILE HACI BEKTAŞ VELÎ'NİN BESMELE TEFSİRİ'NDE CÖMERT OLMAK VE HIRSIZLIK YAPMAK ETİK DEĞERLERİ.
- Author
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ÇOBANOĞLU, SACİDE
- Subjects
VALUES (Ethics) ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,CODES of ethics ,FOLKLORE ,ETHICS ,METAETHICS - Abstract
Copyright of Turkish Culture & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly is the property of Turkish Cultur & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Editorial and Appreciation for Fred D. Miller, Jr.
- Author
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Biondi, Carrie-Ann
- Subjects
SOCIAL theory ,PHILOSOPHY of science ,ANCIENT philosophy ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,POLITICAL philosophy ,ACADEMIC freedom ,APPRENTICESHIP programs - Published
- 2023
5. What do we mean by justice in sustainability pathways? Commitments, dilemmas, and translations from theory to practice in nature-based solutions.
- Author
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Wijsman, Katinka and Berbés-Blázquez, Marta
- Subjects
JUSTICE ,SUSTAINABILITY ,THEORY-practice relationship ,PRAXIS (Process) ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,SOCIAL integration - Abstract
Justice and fairness have become key considerations in sustainability pathways and nature-based solutions (NBS), following activists and critical scholars who have long argued that the urban environment is an inherently political space that requires an analysis of benefits and burdens associated with its existence, use, and access. However, what justice means and how it is expressed, recognized, or achieved is often implicit in the literature on NBS, even though underlying notions of justice shape the analysis done and actions proposed. This paper starts from the premise that justice knows many different interpretations, therefore warranting scholars and practitioners working on NBS to carefully consider the differences and frictions between competing meanings of justice. Drawing from the history of social and environmental justice theory, we give an account of some key justice dilemmas and discuss their tenets as it relates to the end, means, and participants in the making of justice. From this, we draw out questions and commitments academics and practitioners in the NBS space should grapple with more explicitly. We argue that the emergent tension between pragmatic policy approaches and critical theoretical engagement is hindering a version of NBS that goes beyond a reflection of the justice implications of NBS to ensuring that NBS contributes to the furthering of justice. We advocate for the inclusion of critical social sciences and humanities perspectives and approaches beyond tokenism to instead encourage ontological, epistemological, and political reflection of the work academics and practitioners do in the NBS space. • Distributive, procedural, recognitional justice are vital for nature-based solutions. • These dimensions of justice have multiple and conflicting meanings. • Political theory and philosophy help in understanding differences and conflict. • We offer five key justice questions for researchers and practitioners to reflect with. • Praxis and reflectivity are crucial to balancing act of practicing justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Jurisprudencia analítica y Derecho Natural. Análisis del pensamiento filosófico-jurídico de John Finnis.
- Author
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LAISE, LUCIANO D.
- Subjects
THEORY (Philosophy) ,JUSTICE ,JURISPRUDENCE ,PRACTICAL reason ,ANALYTIC philosophy ,RULE of law ,NATURAL law - Abstract
Copyright of Prudentia Iuris is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
7. Merchants, prices and justice: Pedro de Oñate and Scotus' labour theory of value: a philosophical approach to the question of economic value.
- Author
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Perpere Viñuales, Alvaro
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,VALUE (Economics) ,DEATH ,PHILOSOPHY of economics ,EDUCATION & economics ,PRICES ,MERCHANTS ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,JUSTICE ,LABOR - Abstract
Copyright of Filosofia UNISINOS is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The Immanent Infinite.
- Author
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Colebrook, Claire
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of science ,SCIENTIFIC method ,IMAGINATION ,MODERN philosophy ,SPACE colonies ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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9. Between hate speech and fear: throwing evil across the border.
- Author
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Sy, Anahi and Lopresti, Exequiel
- Subjects
HATE speech ,COVID-19 ,COVID-19 pandemic ,CORONAVIRUSES ,PANDEMICS ,GOOD & evil ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,CONSPIRACY theories ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This text seeks to problematize a dominant representation about epidemics, pandemics and major catastrophes, which describes its origin as external, exotic and foreign. In general, both from Hollywood catastrophe cinema, to medical-scientific discourses, and from philosophy to conspiracy theories and hate speech, any threat or evil is placed outside of society itself, there is always another, who prosecutes a moral fault that justifies the need to combat, isolate or eliminate them. We propose to analyse arguments that have circulated around the current coronavirus pandemic, especially those that place the possibility of salvation in isolation and fear, to problematize certain ideas naturalized in discourses that are later translated into political practices or actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. FAKING A COLLISION COURSE: WHEN HISTORY CLASHES WITH POPULISM.
- Author
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ČERNÍN, DAVID
- Subjects
ARCHAEOLOGICAL discoveries ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PHILOSOPHY of history ,PHILOSOPHERS - Abstract
Over the last few years, philosophers and other researchers have been focusing on a post-truth era and its symptoms across society and various disciplines. One of the most glaring manifestations is the declining trust in science experts and the rise of populist attacks on professional communities. Historical sciences are encountering a similar onslaught as well. This paper aims to examine one particular clash between a professional discourse regarding a new archaeological discovery with groundbreaking potential and a populist reaction to it. The study utilises contemporary theory and philosophy of history and its view of historical inquiry to tackle its main goal - uncover strategies populists use to vilify experts and professionals. Even though historiography has been abused throughout its existence, it is argued that recent attacks are substantially different and potentially more dangerous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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11. O discreto charme da escritura: histórias da inscrição como pensamento técnico da comunicação.
- Author
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Felipe Abreu, Luis and Rocha da Silva, Alexandre
- Subjects
OPERATIONAL definitions ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,THEORY of knowledge ,HEURISTIC ,ARGUMENT ,DISCOURSE - Abstract
Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Base Nacional Comum Curricular: uma análise biopolítica e polifônica.
- Author
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Antonio da Rosa, Geraldo and Maris de Azevedo, Tânia
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of education ,PHILOSOPHY education ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,BASIC education ,POWER (Social sciences) - Abstract
Copyright of Letras de Hoje is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. İlişkisel Kültürel Kuram ve Kavramlarının Türk Kültürü Açısından Değerlendirilmesi.
- Author
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YAM, Faruk Caner
- Subjects
RELATIONAL-cultural therapy ,MENTAL health counseling ,COUNSELING ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) is the property of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
14. The Philosophy of Residuality Theory.
- Author
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M O'Reilly, Barry
- Subjects
THEORY (Philosophy) ,SOFTWARE architecture ,SYSTEMS software ,SYSTEMS design ,BLOCK designs ,LEFTOVERS - Abstract
Residuality theory [1] states that the future of a system is a function of its residues - the leftovers of the system after the impact of a stressor. A stressor is anything that is previously unseen or unknown that impacts the system. A system is said to be residual when its design is expressed in terms of residues and stressors. Residuality theory assumes that the likelihood, order, and scale of impact of these stressors cannot be known in advance in any sufficiently complex system, and that these properties are never static across time as any stressor impact means that the system has changed. Residuality theory argues for the designers of software systems using residues as the building blocks of system design as opposed to components or processes. The result of residual analysis is a structure that does not depend on the individual pieces that made it up, (in fact the system may not survive some of the initial stressors used to inform its design) but on the overall ability of the system to respond to unknown stressors - the whole should be seen to be more than the sum of its parts. The ability to survive stress that the system is not designed for is considered to move the system toward antifragility [2]. This article investigates the philosophical assumptions behind these ideas and compares and contrasts them with those of conventional practices within software architecture [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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15. DEVELOPING LIFE-QUALITY INDICATORS FOR THE PHILOSOPHY OF SUFFICIENCY ECONOMY BASED UPON BUDHHADHAMMA.
- Author
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Wichian Chabootbuntharik and Giordano, John
- Subjects
THAI people ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,BUDDHISM ,VIRTUE ,BUDDHISTS ,VIRTUE epistemology - Abstract
Although, sufficiency economy is a philosophy based on the fundamental principle of agriculture, which is traditionally the occupation of most people in Thai society, it can also be applied to other professions. However, this requires some modification so it can guide other professions and can contribute to an integrated economic theory. This modification should be based upon the philosophical principles of Buddhism. To enable this movement from philosophy to practical theory and application, this article will suggest how indicators can be developed based in Buddhism in order to guide the practitioners on living a good life in terms of economics, society, environment, balance, stability and sustainability. All these indicators are guided by the Buddhist middle way. And it will develop these indicators according to His Majesty the King Bhumibol Adulyadej's idea of the 'Three Rings' consisting of moderation, reasonableness and self-immunity combined with two other conditions: knowledge and virtue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
16. RELATED SCHOLARLY PUBLICATIONS ON JAMES.
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of science ,PHILOSOPHY of religion ,CHINESE philosophy ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,GOVERNMENT policy ,RELIGIOUS psychology ,RELIGIOUS identity - Published
- 2020
17. Must We Mean What We Film?: Stanley Cavell and the Candid Camera.
- Author
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Fay, Jennifer
- Subjects
SOCIAL order ,CAMERAS ,EXPRESSIVE behavior ,POLITICAL philosophy ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PERFECTIONISM (Personality trait) ,MYSTERY films - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. MONSTER MYSTERY.
- Author
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Zissou, Rebecca
- Subjects
MONSTERS ,PHOTOGRAPHS ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,TECHNOLOGY ,BELIEF & doubt - Abstract
The article focuses on the ongoing mystery surrounding the Loch Ness monster, topics including the history of sightings, the use of high-tech equipment in a recent search, and various theories about the creature's identity. It reports that despite decades of speculation and numerous blurry photographs, there is still no concrete evidence proving the existence of the Loch Ness monster. It highlights the enduring fascination with Nessie, drawing tourists to the area and keeping the myth alive.
- Published
- 2023
19. An Emotional Ride: Testing the Emotional Flow Hypothesis in Persuasive Narratives.
- Subjects
HYPOTHESIS ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,TOBACCO ,NARRATIVES ,PHILOSOPHY of emotions - Abstract
The emotional flow hypothesis states that affective shifts in response to narratives increase message engagement that in turn, can promote story-consistent attitudes and beliefs. Two controlled experimental studies test this hypothesis in the context of organic tobaccos, one using discrete emotions (Study 1, n = 385) and the second valence-based ones (Study 2, n = 586).The emotional shifts in the appropriate conditions were observed by participants but shifts did not appear to increase engagement with plots or characters, at least in the short narratives tested here. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
20. Modern Theories of the Sublime: The Question of Presentation.
- Author
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Vránkova, Kamila
- Subjects
IMAGINATION ,AESTHETICS ,IDEOLOGY ,AESTHETICS of art ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,ETHICS ,TELECOMMUNICATION - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. EXPLANATORY FAILURES OF RELATIVE REALISM.
- Author
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Park, Seungbae
- Subjects
REALISM ,PHILOSOPHY & science ,TRUTH ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PRACTICE (Philosophy) - Abstract
Copyright of Epistemologia is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. DREAMING INTEGRAL.
- Author
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Pearson, Willow
- Subjects
DREAMS ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,SUBCONSCIOUSNESS ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,SENSORY perception ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This article applies Integral Theory to psychotherapeutic work with dreams and provides a unique method for dream tending. Select psychotherapeutic and cultural approaches to dreams are presented in an all-zone matrix and thus explored theoretically from an AQAL vantage point. Regarding dreams through the apprehension of host, guest, and "visit," dreaming is tended through the injunctions of seeing, singing, and resting. Specifically, the practitioner is exhorted to first see into and through the dream, then to sing the dream that wakes you up, and finally to rest inside the dream, as the dream. A dream of the mystical vertex is presented as an illustration of AQAL dream tending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
23. UNITY EXPERIENCES IN HIGH-PERFORMANCE PROFESSIONALS.
- Author
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Smith, James D. and Savtchenko, Ekatherina
- Subjects
CONCORD ,TRANSCENDENCE (Philosophy) ,PROFESSIONAL employees ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,SYSTEMS theory - Abstract
Structured interviews with eleven individuals and one group of children describing a "unity experience" were compiled to offer a building block of information about transcendent experiences. Each interviewee describes the impact of their unity experience in the context of personal, professional, environmental, and visionary spaces. Robert Yin's elite interview meta-case study method was employed for data analysis, with general systems theory and Integral Theory providing an interpretive base. The nature, contexts, and outcomes of the experiences enlarge the discussion of aligning science dealing with unconscious entities, less conscious entities, and the human conscious experience. The experiences facilitated growth through internal and environmental alignment, increased sense-making, and empathetic connections. Social benefits of unity experiences include increased identification with diverse populations and an increased ability to link the self with organizational systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
24. ON THE USE OF THE TERM INTEGRAL.
- Author
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Stein, Zachary
- Subjects
DEVELOPMENTAL psychology ,METATHEORY ,THEORY of knowledge ,ETHICS ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
The use of the term integral embodies both a set of theoretical commitments and a set of normative commitments. It is used as a theoretical term in developmental psychology and social science to describe a certain stage or level of human development. It is also used as a normative term in metatheory, epistemology, and ethics as part of prescriptive offerings about what is preferable to do and be. Labeling a person or artifact as integral is typically a move that both positions the person or artifact in terms of a developmental model and evaluates the person or artifact in light of set of agreed-upon norms. Problems arise with this de-differentiation of descriptive evaluative claims. I explore these by looking at some of the key facets of Integral Theory, with an eye toward what I will call growth-to-goodness assumptions. Evidence is reviewed demonstrating that highly developed persons and theoretical models often do not deserve to be praised by being labeled integral. The claim that higher stages are better than lower ones is true only in certain cases, when "better" has been well specified. Thus, integrally informed theorists should be as concerned about clarifying the normative function of integral-reflecting on its use as a prescriptive term-as they are with applying the term as a descriptor. This involves admitting and embracing the normative function of the term integral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
25. Lewinian theory: A guiding force for Hostile Media Effects.
- Subjects
FIELD theory (Social psychology) ,SOCIAL psychology ,METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PARTISANSHIP ,MASS media - Abstract
This essay argues for the use of Lewin's field theory as a metatheory to be applied to the area of Hostile Media Effects (HME) research. Lewin's concept of individual life spaces and group conflict provide a blue print for incorporation of the explanations of the influence of reach and source on hostile media perception and the role of psychological processes that may lead to initial perceptions of bias in HME research. The application of field theory to HME may also spark additional research questions and hypotheses related to the effects of different presentations of news and individuals' perceptions of the nature of partisanship. This fusion of Lewinian theory with HME research thus provides a guiding framework for prior and ongoing work on HME and highlights additional paths to test how, when, and why hostile media perceptions emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
26. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT THEORY AND PRACTICE: BRIDGING THE DIVIDE BETWEEN 'MICRO' AND 'MACRO' LEVELS OF SOCIAL WORK.
- Author
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Tan, Allison
- Subjects
COMMUNITY development ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,SOCIAL services ,SOCIAL workers ,SOCIAL change - Abstract
The article focuses on the use of community development theory and practices in bridging macro and micro levels of social work. It says that tenets of the theory provide implications in how clinicians view and engage with their clients, as well as how social workers seek to provide large-scale change within the community. It adds that the theory exemplifies several criteria, such as its relevance to social work phenomena.
- Published
- 2009
27. The Empty Suitcase as Rainbow.
- Author
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Westphal, Merold
- Subjects
ESSAYS ,COLLEGE teachers ,HAGIOGRAPHY ,RELIGION in literature ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
An essay is presented on the revision of moral philosophy by professor Edith Wyschogrod. It discusses the decisive turn took by Wyschogrod from moral theory to hagiography and from abstract analysis and debate to concrete life stories. It highlights the negative turn of Wyschogrod which is a statement of moral theory. It explores Wyschogrod recognizing the connection between saintliness and religion that is not caught by her definition.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Evolutionary Theory: The Missing Link for Public Relations.
- Author
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Greenwood, Cary
- Subjects
PUBLIC relations ,COMMUNICATION ,EVOLUTIONARY theories ,METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
This essay introduces the concept of using evolutionary theory as the metatheory for public relations. The paper examines the current state of public relations theory development and identifies the links between symmetrical/Excellence theory and evolutionary theory. The paper sketches the history of evolutionary theory, the current state of scholarship in evolutionary theory, evolutionary theory's shortcomings and detractors, and the role that evolutionary theory could play in the further development of public relations theory. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
29. Chapter 9: The left after the World Social Forum.
- Author
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De Sousa Santos, Boaventura
- Subjects
THEORY (Philosophy) ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,RIGHT & left (Political science) ,POLITICS & culture - Abstract
Chapter 9 of the book "The Rise of the Global Left: World Social Forum & Beyond" is presented. It investigates the effect of the World Social Forum (WSF) on leftist thinking and practice. It attempts to identify some of the problems of the leftist thought as showcased in the WSF and the possible solutions to these problems. It offers an overview of the relationship between theory and practice.
- Published
- 2006
30. Bridging the Divide: Modeling the Material and Ideational Elements of Place.
- Author
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Campbell, Christopher D.
- Subjects
SPACE (Architecture) ,SPACE perception ,COMPOSITION in architecture ,INTERIOR decoration & ergonomics ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PERSPECTIVE (Art) - Abstract
This paper proposes an analytic model of place that describes the relationship between material, subjective, and ideational elements in urban place images. The model makes a distinction between place content elements and place structural elements. It argues that place content includes material and subjective elements which are particularistic and situated. Place structure, on the other hand, is informed by broader ideational structures such as narratives, discursive themes, and semiotic relationships that are more universal in form. In this manner, the model is able to bridge the divide between traditional "centered" and "de-centered" descriptions of place. The model is illustrated with examples drawn from a broader qualitative study of place completed in Los Angeles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
31. Phenomenology and Technography: Theorizing How To Gather In A World Without Distance.
- Author
-
Kien, Grant
- Subjects
THEORY (Philosophy) ,HIGH technology ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,TECHNOLOGY - Abstract
The article presents an outline of a theory applicable to mobile technology from Heidegger's philosophy of technology. Heidegger's description of the people's relationship with technology goes a long way to helping understand what is entailed in overcoming the circumstances that would keep humanity obedient to the perpetual motion of enframing as it reproduces itself, recreating technologies without hope for freedom.
- Published
- 2005
32. Utilitarianism.
- Author
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Lyons, David
- Subjects
UTILITARIANISM ,PHILOSOPHY ,ETHICS ,SOCIAL values ,JUDGMENT (Psychology) ,HEDONISM ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,CONSEQUENTIALISM (Ethics) - Abstract
A moral theory that regards welfare, or the good of individuals, as the ultimate value, and evaluates other things, such as acts, solely by their promotion of that value (see values). Utilitarianism gives content to the idea that doing the right thing means doing good - making the world better than it otherwise would be. The theory has proved to be perennially attractive and resilient in the face of challenging objections. Utilitarianism is a normative, not a descriptive theory (see normative/descriptive). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
33. Praxis.
- Author
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Nielsen, Richard P.
- Subjects
SOCIAL action ,ETHICS ,ORGANIZATION ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,APPLIED ethics ,THEORY of knowledge ,ONTOLOGY ,PHILOSOPHY - Abstract
Praxis is the theory and method of appropriate action for addressing ethics issues and developing ethical organizations. The difference between theoria and praxis in organizational ethics is not the same as the difference between theory and application. Organizational ethics praxis focuses on ways of acting in addressing concrete ethics situations. Its units of analysis are not the ethical issues themselves, but rather the action methods for addressing and influencing concrete ethics issues and developing ethical organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
34. Kantian ethics.
- Author
-
Marshall, John
- Subjects
ETHICS ,REASON ,WILL ,PHILOSOPHY ,METAPHYSICS ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,AUTONOMY (Psychology) ,AUTONOMY (Philosophy) - Abstract
The moral theory of Immanuel Kant (1724—1804) or any theory that incorporates some of Kant's central claims, or claims similar to Kant's. Kant's most basic claim is that nothing can be conceived to be good unconditionally and without qualification except a good will. This he explicates and defends in the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785) and in the Critique of Practical Reason (1788). He argues along the following lines. We (human beings) have needs, desires, reason, and a will. Our will is our capacity to act in accordance with rational principles (that is, to act for reasons). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
35. Consequentialism.
- Author
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Langenfus, William L.
- Subjects
ETHICS ,RIGHT & wrong ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,UTILITARIANISM ,REASON ,ETHICAL problems ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) - Abstract
Consequentialism is the claim that the moral evaluation of acts, dispositions, or any other possible object of moral assessment, is exclusively related to their contribution to an impartially good overall state of affairs. The continued appeal that such a conception of morality has for many of its adherents - even in the face of strenuous objections by critics - rests upon this fundamental idea. Somehow, it is thought, morality must have something essentially to do with how our acts, dispositions, etc., which affect the world and make it either a better or worse place. A consequentialist perspective inherently captures this idea and makes it the ultimate basis of morality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
36. Chapter 1: Heidegger's Critique of Subjectivity and the Poetic Turn.
- Subjects
POETICS ,SUBJECTIVITY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PHILOSOPHERS ,HUMANITIES - Abstract
Chapter 1 of the book "Heidegger, Hölderlin, and the Subject of Poetic Language: Toward a New Poetics of Dasein," is presented. It discusses Martin Heidegger's phenomenological and ontological understanding of poetic subjectivity and theory. It also argues that Heidegger's poetics, especially its Hölderlinian elements, can only be articulated within the context of a consideration of his theory of "Being" in its broader development.
- Published
- 2004
37. Chapter 6: Social realism and the study of chronic unemployment.
- Author
-
Cruickshank, Justin
- Subjects
METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,EMPLOYMENT ,PARADIGMS (Social sciences) ,SOCIAL theory ,SOCIAL realism - Abstract
This section discusses the issue of how a social realist metatheory may be applied. The argument posited by the author is that to apply a social realist metatheory, one needs to develop a domain-specific metatheory. A domain-specific metatheory is constructed by developing an immanent critique of existing paradigms that deal with a particular research area. In this case the research area is that of chronic unemployment. The author describes various sociological approaches to the issue of chronic unemployment, together with politically driven ideological arguments about a deviant underclass, which sociological research into chronic unemployment ought to dispel. The sociological approaches will be subject to an immanent critique to see to what extent the terms of reference used can help us understand the issue of chronic unemployment and from this immanent critique a general theory will be constructed to overcome the conceptual problems, by drawing upon the general social realist metatheory. There could be no direct application of the general metatheory, it will be argued, because this would result in circularity.
- Published
- 2002
38. Chapter 5: Social realism.
- Author
-
Cruickshank, Justin
- Subjects
FOUNDATIONALISM (Theory of knowledge) ,METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PHILOSOPHY ,SOCIAL realism ,ONTOLOGY - Abstract
This section argues that the realist anti-foundationalism may be complemented by a social realist meta-theory that resolves the structure-agency problem. This will entail arguing for the ontological positions developed by Roy Bhaskar and M. Archer. Social realism, it will be argued, is developed via an immanent critique of alternative accounts of being. This immanent critique started with Bhaskar's critique of empirical realism in the philosophy of natural science and the critique of individualism, collectivism and what Bhaskar calls the dialectical position with regard to social ontology. Bhaskar's ontology was fairly schematic though and Archer elaborated this into a more nuanced ontology, emphasizing the role of emergent properties and the activity-dependence of structures in the past tense. Rather than discuss how this social realist metatheoretical ontology may inform methodology and thus act as a positive under laborer, the author will move from exegesis to consider some Wittgensteinian and Marxist criticisms of social realism. Such critiques of social realism hold that this is basically a form of essentialism, positing the idea that some universal essences can explain all human behavior.
- Published
- 2002
39. Chapter 3: Post-Wittgensteinian pragmatism.
- Author
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Cruickshank, Justin
- Subjects
PRAGMATISM ,PHILOSOPHY ,THEORY of knowledge ,LOGICAL positivism ,METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
This section discusses post-Wittgensteinian pragmatism, the philosophy of Richard Rorty, anti-representationalism and politics. Rorty would not accept the view that philosophy can explain how knowledge is possible or how truth may be attained. Nor would he accept the notion of using an ontology as a meta-theory that could guide empirical research and the formation of specific theories. The reason for this is that he rejects the notion of positive underlaboring. According to him, philosophy and meta-theory would be misguided attempts to step outside socio-historically situated perspectives to try and gain some view from nowhere, in order to indulge in methodolatry, that could give a guaranteed access to the truth. Rorty does embrace a negative underlaborer function for philosophy, though, which means he wants to reject such realistic attempts to represent reality, in order to deflate the pretensions of philosophy, so that philosophers may stop seeing themselves as privileged guides to the truth and start seeing themselves as people who may enrich us by developing new perspectives within the language game humans are situated in. His post-Wittgensteinian position unfolds into the relativist and foundationalist philosophical logics of immediacy.
- Published
- 2002
40. Praxiology, Pragmatism, and Law.
- Author
-
Kellogg, Frederick R.
- Subjects
PRAXEOLOGY ,INQUIRY (Theory of knowledge) ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,THOUGHT & thinking ,PROBLEM solving - Abstract
Peter Dudley noted that a persistent criticism of praxiology has been its separation from concerns which are external to it yet relevant to the assessment of the overall results of inquiry. Praxiology is defined as the general theory of efficient action and as such appeared to Dudley as a pure study of practical methodology. At the core of the intellectual revolution engineered by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Charles Peirce, William James and their comembers of the Metaphysical Club in the 1870s was the notion that thinking is a social endeavor, a process of problem-solving that is ultimately tested by its consequences.
- Published
- 2002
41. The Relevance of Pragmatism for Business Ethics.
- Author
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Rosenthal, Sandra B.
- Subjects
DECISION making ,ETHICS ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,PHILOSOPHY ,BUSINESS - Abstract
The application of ethics to the business context often takes one of two approaches. One approach emphasizes studying cases without any extensive theoretical background while the other emphasizes the application of abstract ethical theories embodying universal principles to specific cases. Part of the problem of making ethical decision making relevant for the business community may be that there is perhaps an implicit, unexpressed, but nonetheless pervasive and commonsense perception by practitioners. Our concrete decision making is influenced by all sorts of conflicting guidelines, and such decision making cannot be simplified to accord with any single one of them.
- Published
- 2002
42. Creativity, Community, and Character. Three Pragmatic Principles for Management.
- Author
-
Fontrodona, Juan
- Subjects
FORTUNE ,REALITY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,BUSINESS - Abstract
References of Charles S. Peirce to the business world are very few, always negative in tone. Good fortune eluded Peirce in his personal life, in his personal career and in business. When Peirce refers to action, it is in order to use it as an example of the category of secondness, Peirce considers all of the reality to be composed of three irreducible elements, namely, the categories of firstness, secondness and thirdness. Discussion on the relation between theory and practice in Peirce remains open among students of his thought.
- Published
- 2002
43. Reflexivity in Qualitative Social Research: Bridging the Gap between Theory and Practice with Alvin Gouldner's Reflexive Sociology.
- Author
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SIMBÜRGER, ELISABETH
- Subjects
QUALITATIVE research ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,THEORY-practice relationship ,HIGHER education research - Abstract
Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Ontology, Epistemology, Strategy and Method in Educational Research. A Critical Realist Approach.
- Author
-
SCOTT, DAVID
- Subjects
METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,EDUCATION research ,CRITICAL realism ,RESEARCH methodology - Abstract
Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. “How” Narratology Narrows the Organizational Theory–Practice Gap.
- Author
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Glibkowski, Brian C., McGinnis, Lee, Gillespie, James, and Schommer, Abby
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL organization (Economic theory) ,PERSONNEL management ,NARRATIVE paradigm theory ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,INDUSTRIAL management research - Abstract
In this conceptual piece, we take a narrative approach to explicating the gap between organizational theory and practice. The narrative pentad (what, why, how, who, and when/where) represents six narrative questions metaphorically mapped to the five fingers of the hand. The narrative pentad has successfully served both narrative scholars and practitioners, and we believe that the narrative pentad holds similar promise as a theoretical framework for HRD scholars and practitioners. At the finger tips, spaces between fingers represent gaps between questions. In the organizational domain, the theory–practice gap is attributable primarily to a scholarly focus on the universal and abstract what and why questions (story in narrative terms) and a practitioner focus on the particular or embodied how question (discourse in narrative terms). Framed as similarities, we propose that all HRD questions are interrelated at the palm of the hand. In narrative terms, effective organizational theory must include both story and discourse, thereby addressing all questions. This article emphasizes the how question—important to practitioners—but often marginalized by postpositive organizational scholars. We propose the how question represents aesthetic knowledge, and this form of knowledge should be central to organizational theory. We explore related ontological and epistemological considerations. Three recognized causes of the theory–practice gap are examined in light of a narrative approach to organizational theory: (a) the knowledge divide (divergence of emphasis on forms of knowledge between scholars and practitioners); (b) the knowledge transfer problem (lack of information sharing between scholars and practitioners); (c) and the knowledge production problem (associated with an absence of collaboration between scholars and practitioners). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. O sistema, ontem e hoje.
- Author
-
Nancy, Jean-Luc
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY ,SYSTEMS theory ,HYPOTHESIS ,INTELLECTUAL history ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
Copyright of Veritas is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Integral Theory and the Search for Earthly Emancipation.
- Author
-
Despain, Hans G.
- Subjects
CRITICAL realism ,MODERN philosophy ,METATHEORY ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,MATURATION (Psychology) ,DEVELOPMENTAL psychology - Abstract
The article discusses the criticisms of author Timothy Rutzou on integral theory and earthly emancipation as well as the ethics of their personal development. It delves into the issues of critical realism as metatheory, integral theory committing epistemic fallacy, integral theory committed to ontological monovalence and the integral theory as holistic worldview. It contends that the criticisms of Rutzou is not harmful to integral theory-critical realism engagement.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Integral Theory and the Search for the Holy Grail.
- Author
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Rutzou, Timothy
- Subjects
METATHEORY ,CRITICAL realism ,METAPHYSICS ,CAPITALISM ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
This article continues the discussion surrounding the questions of metatheory which emerged from a symposium in 2011 between critical realism and integral theory. It maintains and develops the critique that integral theory is fraught with problems arising from a monovalent neo-Platonic dialectic resulting in actualism and problematic metaphysical speculations. Consequently, as a metatheory it is unable to underlabour for robust theorization and critique, and as a worldview it is quintessentially western and illicitly universalizing. Politically this results in an insufficient and pathological response to the crises generated by late capitalism, while still raising legitimate questions about the need for and function of robust metatheory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Residual statics estimation by sparsity maximization.
- Author
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Gholami, Ali
- Subjects
ESTIMATION theory ,DATA processing service centers ,MOTION picture reconstruction ,MAXIMUM entropy method ,THEORY (Philosophy) - Abstract
Residual statics estimation in complex areas is one of the main challenging problems in seismic data processing. It is well known that the result of this processing step has a profound effect on the quality of final reconstructed image. A novel method is presented to compensate for surfaceconsistent residual static cOlTections based on sparsity maximization, which bas proved to be a powerful tool in the analysis and processing of signals and related problems. The method is based on the hypothesis that residual static time shift represents itself by noise-like features in the Fourier or curvelet domain. Residual time shift corrections are then retrieved by optimizing the sparsity in these domains. Here, the statics model is considered as a maximizer of t' p-norm (p > 2) of the data coefficients in the sparse domain, and a fast and efficient algorithm is presented to iteratively solve the corresponding nonlinear optimization problem. Applications on synthetic and real data show very high pelfonnance of the presented algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Chapter 1: Sociological perspectives.
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIETIES ,SOCIAL services ,SOCIAL sciences ,THEORY (Philosophy) ,ORGANIZATION - Abstract
The article presents various sociological perspectives. The discipline of sociology is the systematic, sceptical study of human society. The task of sociology is that people should be enabled to grasp the relations between themselves and the way in which their society operates. In more recent years, the idea of society as a unitary phenomenon has been severely criticized. Pluralist approaches present society as a mosaic of competing worlds. The relationship between social work and sociology has been a changing one, reflecting broader debates about the nature of knowledge and the understanding of theory and practice within both subjects. The relationship between social work and sociology has remained a live and contested issue for social work. Sociological voices have remained on the edge of mainstream social work theory and knowledge, struggling to be heard above the predominantly individual, psychological and correctional discourses in social work. Sociological insights may be useful at an institutional and organization level, as well as at the level of knowledge creation. More recent sociological approaches that reflect critical ideas have attempted to blend structural and interpretive theories to bring about a better understanding of the relationship between the individual and society.
- Published
- 1999
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