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Copyright of Terrae Incognitae is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Surfer's neurapraxia is a rare surfing injury of the saphenous nerve secondary to persistent compression of the saphenous nerve along the medial thigh by the surfboard when paddling prone and while sitting upright on the board waiting for a wave. Symptoms may be nonspecific and consist of pain in the medial thigh with or without radiation along the saphenous nerve distribution (medial leg, medial ankle, medial arch of the foot). The saphenous nerve tension test can be utilized to reproduce the symptoms of surfer's neurapraxia. Treatment consists of conservative management while refractory cases may benefit from injection with local anesthetic. The authors propose the Obana Plan (WATER) for prevention of surfer's neurapraxia, consisting of Wetsuits, Abduction, Timing, Exercise, and Rest. Overall, surfer's neurapraxia is a benign condition that can be prevented and managed conservatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in skin temperature under graphene-infused fleece and traditional polyester fleece materials in the interior of a wetsuit. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 48 participants surfed for a minimum of 40 min in a custom wetsuit with a torso lined with graphene-infused fleece on one half and traditional polyester fleece on the other. Eight iButton thermistors were used to record skin temperatures bilaterally at the upper back, chest, abdomen and lower back every minute for the entire surf session. After surfing, participants responded to questions associated with their perception of warmth and comfort and their knowledge of fleece materials. Findings: Skin temperatures did not differ between the two types of fleece at the upper back, chest and abdomen locations. Skin temperatures in the lower back were significantly warmer under the traditional polyester fleece compared to graphene-infused fleece. Participant responses associated with warmth were consistent with skin temperature measurements. Practical implications: The results of this study indicate that a graphene-infused nylon fleece interior does not clearly influence skin temperature in surfers when compared to a traditional polyester fleece interior. While skin temperatures were significantly lower under the graphene-infused nylon fleece at the low back, the other three anatomical locations did not exhibit significant differences. Originality/value: Thermoregulation is an important consideration for the safety and performance of surfers in the ocean. Evidence suggests that the inner lining of a wetsuit may impact thermoregulation while surfing; however, no prior studies have compared interior materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concussions are caused by physical trauma to the head, face, or neck and can be sustained while surfing, increasing the risk of drowning. The purpose of this pilot study was to establish a preliminary assessment of concussion knowledge in a group of adult recreational surfers. Using the standardized Concussion Knowledge Index, an anonymous survey was conducted with 55 surfers. The Concussion Knowledge Index and similar statistical measures were used in a previous study of adult soccer players in England. Data from these 2 groups were compared. The preliminary data suggests that the group of adult surfers demonstrate more concussion knowledge than the group of adult soccer players. Further study into surfers’ knowledge of concussion with a larger sample size could increase the clinical utility and generalizability of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfing is a globally popular recreational sport with limited epidemiologic data. Currently, there is a paucity of literature regarding injury profiles and mechanisms of orthopaedic-related injuries. This study analyzed trends, etiologies, and diagnoses of upper extremity orthopaedic-related surfing injuries presenting to United States (US) emergency departments. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was accessed to query upper extremity surfing-related injuries presenting to US emergency departments from January 1,2002 to December31,2021. Data were analyzed for year, body part, mechanism of injury, diagnosis, and disposition. National estimates were calculated based on the assigned statistical sample weight of each hospital. A total of 33 323 surfing-related injuries were included. The most common upper extremity body parts involved 15169 shoulders (45.5%), 4220 fingers (12.7%), and 3753 hands (11.3%). The most common identifiable mechanisms of injuries were 7474 board-to-body (22.4%>), 4188 impact with sand (12.6%), and 2639 impact with water (7.9%). Overuse constituted 7.2% of overall upper extremity injuries but 40% of strains. Only 2.2% of injuries required hospital admission. Between 2002 and 2021, there was a decreasing annual trend in upper extremity surfing-related injuries (P=.01). The decreasing trend in emergency department visits may be due to urgent care utilization and training for surfers and lifeguards to manage these injuries on-site, as the majority were minor given the small proportion requiring hospital admission. Chronic stress on rotator cuff and peri-scapular musculature while paddling in the prone position likely contributed to the large proportion of overuse injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte is the property of Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education (24482455) is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Aquatic board sports, particularly traditional surfing, kitesurfing, skimboarding, stand-up paddleboarding, and foil surfing, are growing in popularity. Increased participation has revealed similar injury types, mechanisms, and unique patterns related to the individual board sports. Practitioners who live near aquatic environments should familiarize themselves with these injury patterns to provide high-quality care and prevention for participating individuals. This article will examine the current literature for each aquatic board sport and summarize specific injury-type data to provide better guidance to clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article traces the colonial origins of sexism and hypermasculinity in modern surf culture. As white Americans increasingly took up surfing following the US annexation of Hawai'i in 1898, sexism emerged as an enduring feature of the pastime. Indeed, it became ubiquitous during the sport's massive growth in the second half of the twentieth century, with sexist comments, photographs, and articles seemingly everywhere in the surf media. By the 1970s, women began to speak out more forcefully about the hostility and barriers they faced, though this was only the beginning of a long struggle for gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surf tourism places are comprised not only of surfing activities but a myriad of actions and interactions on land and at sea of which surfing and surf tourism business are a part. However, surf tourism literature has rarely emphasized the presences of other modes of encountering and interacting with waves, such as fishing and seafaring, especially among local inhabitants. This article puts the emphasis on a broader everyday busyness of living in a surf tourism place, by paying attention to the various ways local people attend to and interact with waves in which they inhabit. The everyday of surf tourism is explored through field research conducted at Ebay, a typical surf tourism place located in Siberut, Mentawai Islands, Indonesia. Drawing on more-than-human and relational ontologies, the mundane relationalities between waves and humans are analyzed as everyday practices of attentiveness and interaction, through which the entangled actors—humans and waves—further cocreate the uneasy notion of intimacy. In addition to challenging the "Nirvanification" of surf tourism places by narrating less touristic and more mundane, everyday situations involving waves and humans, this study also furthers our understanding of communication and culture by showcasing the possibilities of understanding local interaction between humans and nonhumans in a tourism context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfing is a cultural ecosystem service, providing recreational benefits to over 50 million people worldwide and fostering economic activity through retail and tourism industries. Despite its growing popularity and threats to natural environments, surfing's economic and social impacts remain sparsely documented. This study provides a nationwide assessment of surfing's impact on Australia's economy and participants' wellbeing, using an online survey of Australian surfers (n=569). Domestic surf-related expenditure was estimated at A$3719 per surfer per year, including retail (A$1858) and travel (A$1861). Heterogeneity analyses reveal differences in expenditure patterns across regions, age groups and modalities of engagement in the sport. Aggregating across a population of 727,328 Australian adult surfers, the direct input into the market economy is estimated at A$2.71 billion per year. Standardized wellbeing measures indicate that over 80 % of participants experience positive effects from surfing, particularly in community connectedness, physical, and mental health. However, major concerns exist regarding the sustainability of surfing environments due to erosion and overcrowding pressures. Following the SEEA EA's 'logic chain' framework, this study provides a set of baseline results that may be inputted into accounting processes considering recreational ecosystems services. Further, the systematic approach used in this study could be replicated by comparative analyses across time and other prominent surf regions. As coastal areas worldwide urgently respond to climate threats and the need to support the 'blue economy', a better understanding the socio-economic values derived from ocean-based recreation can help inform coastal polices aimed at fostering more resilient environments. [Display omitted] • Surfing ecosystems provide recreation services with wellbeing benefits to participants and monetary flows into the economy. • The average Australian surfer spends A$3719 per year on retail (A$1858) and domestic travel (A$1861). • Direct input into the Australian economy is A$2.71 billion per year; A$4.88 billion/yr including indirect effects. • Surveyed surfers perceive benefits for their physical health (95 %), mental health (99 %) and community connectedness (80 %). • Overcrowding, climate impacts and poor water quality are surfers' top concerns, while fewer worry about shark risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfing is often a mobile lifestyle, centred around the search for waves. This article analyses Finnish surfer-travellers through a life course perspective. The data consists of 20 thematic life story interviews, conducted in 2016–2017. Surfer-travellers are representative of highly mobile cosmopolitan youth. This analysis focuses on how they have engaged with surf-travelling, what networks and capital they have utilized in doing so, and how their active agency and choices have influenced their lifestyles. Through their individual agency, surfer-travellers organize their lives to prioritize their travels. For surfer-travellers, mobility is a goal in itself, and this leads to a life 'lived differently'. The results are connected to wider discussions on lifestyle mobilities, youth mobilities, mobile transitions, and changing conceptions of adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education (24482455) is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Surfing is a popular sport globally which is performed in varied environmental conditions. With limited research in the field exploring hydration, monitoring the effect of surfing on subject hydration is warranted. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between surfing intensity and hydration status. A total of ten recreational male surfers were recruited for this study where hydration status was assessed pre-and post-surf session by measures of body mass (BM) and urine specific gravity (USG). Intensity of the surf session was quantified by Global Positioning Systems and Heart Rate monitoring. Subjects surfed for two hours and covered an average distance of 4974.18 ± 542.62 m, with an average speed of 2.48 ± 0.27 km/h and peak speed of 31.86 ± 3.51 km/h. A statistically significant decrease in absolute and relative BM was observed (0.70 ± 0.4 kg, p < 0.05 & 0.86 ± 0.54%, p < 0.001, respectively). No statistically significant correlation was found between variables (total distance paddled and relative BM, r = 0.432, p = 0.245; average HR and relative BM change, r = -.246, p = 0.595). Total distance paddled combined with average HR significantly predicted relative body mass change (F(2,3) = 29.362, p = 0.011, adjusted R2 = 95.1%). The results demonstrate that a 2-hour recreational surfing session, in temperate environmental conditions, without neoprene garments resulted in minimal BM changes and no changes in USG. Surfers who paddle a greater distance at a higher average HR sustained greater BM changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfing is the ability to ride a surfboard along the unbroken section, wall or face of a wave, as it moves closer towards the shore. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the physiological, musculoskeletal and anthropometric characteristics that can differentiate between paddling and wave riding performance in competitive and recreational surfing populations. The eligibility criteria for this scoping review included articles that distinguished between multiple surfing ability groups, identified physiological, musculoskeletal or anthropometric characteristics, were peer reviewed, and directly related to the sport of surfing. The databases used to search for relevant literature included PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus and Google Scholar. All relevant articles were screened and assessed for full text eligibility. This resulted in 28 full text articles to be synthesized and included in this review. A range of significant physiological, musculoskeletal, and anthropometric characteristics were able to differentiate between surfing abilities. The most common differentiating physiological characteristics seen in competitive surfers were faster sprint paddling velocity, greater anaerobic power, higher VO2 peak, and greater lower limb power. The most common differentiating musculoskeletal and anthropometric characteristics seen in competitive surfers were increased postural control, increased ankle dorsiflexion, higher lean mass ratio, shorter stature, and greater arm span, respectively. Knowledge of these characteristics could lead to development of talent identification protocols as well as tailor programs to target specific characteristics the athlete is lacking in order to minimize the risk of these attributes inhibiting optimal performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation of waves as used for surfing close to the shore is described and explained, and linked to other wave topics that are covered in school science. Of course, there are differences because the wave activity is influenced by many factors, such as the weather and the shape of the shoreline, which make the wave patterns much more complicated. However, gaining experience in understanding the behaviour is a great help in developing skill in this sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education (24482455) is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a teaching technique that diverts from traditional lecture by using scenes from mainstream media in order to teach introductory Microeconomics. We present a user's manual-which lines up each topic in a typical semester long microeconomics course with a media clip that easily engages students. The presence of Gen Z students gives rise to developing methods with which instructors can engage digitally native students. Presenting economics concepts through familiar scenes from film, TV or other media outlets engages students and enhances their interest in the material while fostering increased student participation and reflective learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfing is a worldwide sport that often requires participants to wear a wetsuit to assist in thermoregulation. In a recent study, forearm skin temperature decreased by approximately 3 °C while wearing a wetsuit during recreational surfing. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that reducing water flow in and out of the wetsuit by cuffing the wetsuit at the wrist, with a novel cuff closure system (Velcro cuff), would result in greater forearm skin temperature while surfing. One hundred and twelve (94 male, 18 female) recreational surfers between the ages of 18-50 participated in this study. Forearm skin temperature was measured at 1-minute intervals across the surf session in both arms with four wireless iButton thermal sensors located two inches from the styloid process (wrist) and olecranon process (elbow). Following instrumentation, all subjects had one of their wrists randomly cuffed with a one-inch wide Velcro cuff that was tightened to 2 cm less than the circumference of the wrist plus wetsuit. Subjects were then instructed to engage in regular recreational surfing activities for a minimum of 30 minutes at seven beaches in North San Diego County from October to April. No significant differences were found between the average cuffed wrist skin temperature and the average uncuffed wrist skin temperature (p = 0.06). However, average cuffed forearm skin temperature was significantly higher than average uncuffed forearm skin temperature (p = 0.01). Results from this study suggest that cuffing the wrist of wetsuits is a simple technique that can be utilized by surfers to significantly improve forearm skin temperature during surfing. These findings may also have an implication on future wetsuit designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Action sports have been on the rise in the last decade. A new action sports park is considering developing operations on the east coast. The park would include extreme sports such as surfing, wakeboarding, and skating. The park will feature state of the art technologies that produce consistent waves for surfing 12 months a year. With over 10 million surfers worldwide the newest tourist attraction has been deemed appealing to the tourists that flock to the east coast and locals. Other possible amenities at the park include a family waterpark, dining, shopping, and nightlife opportunities. This study examines consumers' perceptions of the new surf park. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Homelessness is an important though exceedingly difficult phenomenon to measure and understand. The most common sources of data measure homelessness only on a given night or set of consecutive nights, contact with homelessness service providers, or past homeless episodes. We therefore lack an understanding of the wider impact and nature of homelessness in society. OBJECTIVE: I set out to estimate the number of people who experience homelessness in a one-year period by duration and type of homelessness. METHODS: A microsimulation model is used to recreate homeless episodes and impute those missed in common data sources. Model parameters are estimated using a combination of retrospective and longitudinal survey data from Australia. Administrative data from homelessness service providers are used to validate the estimates. RESULTS: According to the results, 3.4 times as many people experienced homelessness in Australia in the 2013-2014 financial year than would have been counted on an average night. Almost one-third (32%) of episodes last for less than one month and the large majority involve 'couch surfing' or 'doubling up' with relatives or friends. CONCLUSIONS: Homelessness and housing deprivation is more prevalent though more diverse and episodic than typically measured, affecting a large cross-section of the population and likely embedded within the dynamics of poverty and deprivation. CONTRIBUTIONS: This research provides new estimates of the extent and duration of homelessness and housing deprivation that addresses existing data limitations and with implications for understanding the nature and impact of homelessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Action sports have been on the rise in the last decade. A new action sports park is considering developing operations on the east coast. The park would include extreme sports such as surfing, wakeboarding, and skating. The park will feature state of the art technologies that produce consistent waves for surfing 12 months a year. With over 10 million surfers worldwide the newest tourist attraction has been deemed appealing to the tourists that flock to the east coast and locals. Other possible amenities at the park include a family waterpark, dining, shopping, and nightlife opportunities. This study examines consumers' perceptions of the new surf park. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recorde: Revista de História do Esporte is the property of Recorde: Revista de Historia do Esporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coastal locations are a leading contributor to the global drowning burden. Despite being a known risk-reduction measure, a significant proportion of beachgoers continue to bathe outside of lifeguard-patrolled areas placing themselves at increased risk of beach hazards such as rip currents and breaking waves. Under such conditions, recreational surfers represent a potentially important role as bystander rescuers although little is known about surfers' relationship to safety. In this study, we analyze surfer beach safety knowledge and behaviors using a sample of 569 French surfers, drawn from a Global Surfer Survey. Using pair wised comparisons and multivariate analysis, surfer characteristics as rescuers and as victims are investigated as well as their willingness to learn new safety skills. In our survey, 55.9% of French surfers self reported having previously conducted a rescue. We show that experienced and highly skilled surfers have a higher probability of performing a rescue than other surfers, but having completed ocean lifeguard training has no statistical influence. Having previously experienced injury seems beneficial both to act as a rescuer, but also in improving a surfers own safety. As victims, surfers appear to be calmer and less often in trouble with rip currents as others, such as swimmers. Compared to non surfers, surfers were less likely to be able to walk away and more likely to require medical assistance nevertheless. In the survey, 88.4% of the respondents were willing to take part in a course aimed at lifesaving and rescue skills for surfers, whether freely provided or not. Younger surfers (under 24 years) are more willing to acquire formal safety skills than other age groups. On the contrary, having alreadly performed a rescue has no statistical influence on the willingness to attend training sessions. Despite the significant involvement of surfers in saving lives in the coastal environment, there remains a need to encourage collaboration between local surfers and other stakeholders officially in charge of beach safety management. • Surfers make an important contribution to beach safety by acting as bystander rescuers. • In France, our data show empirical surfing experience prevails over formal training in the process of performing a rescue. • Lifesaving training courses could include specific content for accidents to which surfers are exposed. • Policy supported by official surfing bodies has a positive influence both on the probability of rescuing someone and on the willingness to acquire additional skills. • Communication on safety in surf schools could be further developed, especially for younger surfers. • Improved cooperation between surfers and other beach safety management stakeholders is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surf breaks are complex natural environments that provide ecosystem services to coastal communities and suffer from both natural and anthropogenic impacts. Surfers have specific knowledge about these environments, due to their direct relationship with the ecosystem. Through a social-ecological approach such knowledge (wave knowledge) becomes a valuable source of information and is increasingly being incorporated into coastal management processes. From an ethno-oceanographic perspective, this article investigates the wave knowledge of surfers in Pontal do Sul surf break, state of Paraná, southern Brazil. This surf break is located at an estuary mouth, being subject to natural and anthropic changes, especially due to nearby port activities. A detailed set of knowledge about the oceanographic dynamics that act on this surf break was identified, from descriptions of waves, wind, and tidal conditions, to complex local morphodynamics. For surfers, the presence of port activities is one of the factors that modified the sediment dynamics in the region and in the surf break. Such information can contribute to the understanding of local dynamics and the predictability of future changes, offering effectiveness and legitimacy to conservation of these environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and mechanisms of surfing-related renal trauma in a coastal town, which have not previously been published in the literature. Subjects/patients and methods: A 3 year retrospective review was completed of all renal trauma patients presenting to the Gold Coast Health Service. Results: Five injuries were identified and their mechanisms described, with three directly related to surfboard riding, one secondary to paddle boarding and one secondary to windsurfing. Surfing-related injuries accounted for 6% of the total renal trauma injuries in the study period. Injuries ranged from American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade I–IV and were all managed non-operatively. One case was complicated by a urinoma, which resolved on interval follow-up imaging. All injuries were in males, and left-sided. Conclusion: Surfing-related activities have the potential to cause high-grade renal injuries. Diagnosis of renal trauma secondary to surfing-related activities requires a high index of clinical suspicion. Level of evidence: Level IV Evidence [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competitive surfing is a growing sport with evolving performance and safety demands. One particular challenge surfers face is the need to endure long breath-holds following bouts of surf paddling. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between aerobic fitness markers, such as VO2peak and ventilatory thresholds, and post-paddling breath-hold capacity in competitive surfers. Eleven male collegiate level competitive surfers completed both a maximal graded exercise test and a simulated post-paddling breath-hold challenge on a modified paddling ergometer. Associations between markers of aerobic fitness and post-paddling breath-hold capacity were tested using linear regression modeling. The overall regression model indicated a positive linear association between the assessed markers of aerobic fitness and post-paddling breath-hold capacity (r = .828, r² = 0.686, p = 0.035). This association was explained by differences in VO2peak (ß = 0.975, p = .034). These findings suggest that VO2peak may be an important training target for programs aimed at improving breath-hold capacity in surfers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]