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More than 10 years have passed since the first nationwide study on the reasons for tooth extraction in Japan. In the present study, we conducted the second nationwide survey to update the previous data.

Site-selective and direct C–F bond transformation of perfluoroalkylarenes was achieved with allylic stannanes via an iridium photoredox catalyst system. The present defluoroallylation proceeds exclusively at the benzylic position through perfluoroalkyl radicals generated by a single-electron transfer from an excited photoredox catalyst to perfluoroalkylarenes. A variety of perfluoroalkyl groups are applicable: linear perfluoroalkyl-substituted arenes such as Ar–nC4F9and Ar–nC6F13and heptafluoroisopropylarenes (Ar–CF(CF3)2) underwent site-selective defluoroallylation. DFT calculation studies revealed that the in situgenerated Bu3SnF traps F–to prevent a retroreaction from the unstable perfluoroalkyl radical intermediate, and the radical intermediate favorably reacts with allylic stannanes. The synthesis of a bis(trifluoromethyl)methylene unit containing compound, which is an analog that is useful as a pharmaceutical agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and inflammatory diseases, demonstrated the utility of this reaction.

Although diabetes mellitus is reported to be related to tooth loss, there is limited population‐based evidence for this relationship. We investigated the actual situation of tooth loss by performing a population‐based survey using information obtained from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups (NDB) in Japan. Medical, dental and pharmacy claims data generated between 1 April 2015 and 31 March 2016 were obtained and analysed. Patients with medical and pharmacy claims of diabetes mellitus were allocated to the diabetes mellitus group. Patients with medical claims of acute upper respiratory inflammation, but without claims of diabetes mellitus, were allocated to the control group. The number of claims involving tooth loss, treatment of periodontal disease and visits to medical and dental institutions were obtained from the NDB. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the nature of tooth loss between patients with diabetes mellitus and the control groups. There were 5,248,405 patients in the control group and 1,570,082 patients in the diabetes mellitus group. Patients in the diabetes mellitus group showed a higher level of tooth loss than patients in the control group, among both sexes. Patients with diabetes mellitus tended to lose their posterior teeth at an earlier age than patients in the control group. Moreover, patients in the diabetes mellitus group showed greater tooth loss, regardless of whether or not periodontal disease was treated. Patients with diabetes mellitus show a higher level of tooth loss than those without diabetes mellitus, based on the results of a population‐based survey.

Continuous or frequent overtime work has been shown to have harmful effects on human health. Meanwhile, one of the main reasons for tooth loss is caries. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between overtime work and untreated decayed teeth in male financial workers. The participants were recruited by applying screening procedures to a pool of Japanese registrants in an online database. Participants filled out a questionnaire about their oral health, behavior, and working conditions. Participants comprised a total of 951 financial male workers, aged 25‐64 years. The likelihood of tooth decay increased with amount of overtime work (p=0.002). After adjusting for age, income, educational background, oral hygiene behavior, snacking behavior, regular dental visitation, bad interpersonal relationships at work, and smoking habit, a multiple logistic regression analysis found that participants with 45‐80 h of overtime work (odds ratio [OR], 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23‐5.33) or over 80 h of overtime work (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.13‐7.97) were more likely to have untreated tooth decay. The percentage of participants who gave “ too busy with work” as the reason for leaving decayed teeth untreated increased with amount of overtime (p<0.001). These results indicate that overtime work is strongly related to untreated decayed teeth. In addition to oral health education and dental checkups, decreasing stress and decreasing the amount of overtime work may also have a positive effect on oral health in the workplace.

The aim of this study was to compare the oral health problems and behavior of full‐time male daytime‐only and night shift office workers. The participants were recruited by applying screening procedures to a pool of Japanese registrants in an online database. During the period of 20 February 2015 to 11 March 2015, participants were asked to complete a questionnaire about their oral health. A total of 325 daytime‐only workers and 351 workers who sometimes worked night shifts, ages 30 to 69, were analyzed in this study. Overall, the mean number of teeth of the night shift workers was lower than that of the daytime‐only workers (p=0.002). When analyzed by age group, a significant difference was seen in the 50‐69 age group (p =0.016). The percentage of night shift workers with decayed teeth was higher than that of the daytime‐only workers (p<0.001). The night shift workers were more likely to report gingival bleeding (p=0.015) and stomatitis (p=0.025) than the daytime‐only workers. The percentage of night shift workers reporting frequent brushing behavior was lower than that of the daytime‐only workers (p =0.040). The independent variables found to correlate significantly with tooth decay were night shift work (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.20‐2.67), current smoking habit (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.13‐2.46), and BMI of �25 (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.02‐2.39). These results indicate a relationship between night shift work and oral health problems. Night shift workers may require additional support for oral health maintenance.

The most important aspect in diagnosing oral mucosal disease is recognizing “color change” in the mucous membrane. This study was conducted to assess usability of a portable spectrophotometer for screening for oral mucosal diseases.

The aim of this research was to investigate the factors associated with postponing dental attendance amongst Japanese workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.