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Background People lost to follow-up (LTFU) from HIV care have an increased risk of worse health. The objective of this study is to create and validate a risk score to predict LTFU among PLWH in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands.Methods 6661 PLWH were included. LTFU were those without contact with HIV care for 12 months or more. Logistic regression models were used to assess the role of independent factors on LTFU. The validation included a 10-fold iteration to predict the performance of the regression model and the Area under the ROC Curve (AUC). Regression coefficients were rounded and summed to construct the score.Results Determinants of LTFU included being younger than 34 years (OR: 1.80, CI, 1.44–2.23), not having been born in Spain (OR: 1.32, 1.11–1.58), men who inject drugs (OR: 2.10, 1.38–3.19), having a detectable viral load (OR: 3.14, 2.47–3.99), and ≤2.5 years since HIV diagnosis (OR: 3.84, 3.10–4.75). The validation of determinants resulted in a mean AUC of 0.69 and the risk-score revealed that 28.8% had a medium and 3.4% a high risk of LTFU respectively.Conclusions Findings can be used to prevent LTFU in HIV care.

Adverse drug reactions increase morbidity and mortality, prolong hospital stay and increase healthcare costs. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of emergency department visits for adverse drug reactions and to describe their characteristics. The secondary objective was to determine the predictor variables of hospitalization for adverse drug reactions associated with emergency department visits.

To assess the impact of 18F-FDG-PET/CT on the diagnosis and management of patients with Staphylococcus aureusbacteraemia (SAB).

Factors affecting outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV are unclear. We assessed the factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and severe outcomes among people living with HIV.

Elevated proinflammatory cytokines are associated with greater COVID-19 severity. We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of sarilumab, an interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor, in patients with severe (requiring supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula or face mask) or critical (requiring greater supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal support) COVID-19.

Objective: To qualify and quantify clinical practices related to pain assessment and non-pharmacologic analgesia (NPA) in newborns in Spanish public maternity hospitals Study design: We surveyed providers online regarding their use of pain assessment scales, NPA interventions in neonates undergoing procedures, as well parents’ presence or absence during interventions. Results: The number of painful procedures and the subjective grading of pain from the responding physicians were similar in all hospitals. Only 12.5% of hospitals used pain scales. No NPA was employed in 37.7% of procedures, with less NPA used in the lower complexity hospitals for venous extraction (p< 0.001)and gastric lavage (p= 0.001). Respondents reported parents’ absence during 56.1% of procedures. Conclusions: Available pain assessment scales and NPA interventions to mitigate pain are being underused. The presence of the parents during painful interventions is low despite the evidence that this may help to reduce newborns’ perception of pain.

Se ha descrito una mayor incidencia de neoplasias en los pacientes con infección por VIH en comparación con la población general.

Background: The influence of dental treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) has rarely been evaluated in patients with intellectual disability (ID) through validated questionnaires. The aim of this study was to estimate the changes on OHRQOL in patients with ID after the implementation of an institutional dental treatment program under general anesthesia using the Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (FHCOHRQOL-Q). Material and Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 85 patients (mean age=24.85 years) classified according to DSM-V whose parents/caregivers completed the FHC-OHRQOL-Q. We analyzed the changes in the questionnaire’s overall score and its dimensions from pre-treatment to 12-months of follow-up, considering effect sizes and minimal important differences estimated by the standard measurement error. The impact of clinical and therapeutic factors was evaluated using univariate and multiple linear regression analysis (p<0.05). Results: Significant improvement of OHRQOL was found after dental treatment in oral symptoms (p≤0.001), daily life problems (p=0.018), parent’s perceptions (p=0.013) and FHCOHRQOL-Q´s overall score (p=0.001). OHRQOL changes exhibited an intermediate magnitude (0.38-0.21) as estimated by effect sizes. Changes in oral symptoms showed positive correlation with DMFT index (r=0.375, p=0.002), decayed teeth (r=0.244, p=0.036), dental extractions (r=0.424, p<0.001) and number of treatments (r=0.255, p=0.019). The improvement was greater in patients with ≥4 decayed teeth (p=0.049) and undergoing ≥2 dental extractions (p=0.002). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that dental extractions (p<0.001) and DMFT index (p=0.028) were significantly related to oral symptom improvement.Conclusions: Dental treatment under general anesthesia showed a positive effect on the overall FHC-OHRQOL-Q score and most of its dimensions. At 12-months of follow-up, the improvement of oral symptoms was significantly associated with DMFT index, decayed teeth, dental extractions and number of treatments. In our clinical setting, the implementation of a dental treatment program enhanced the OHRQOL of patients with ID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El exceso de peso, fundamentalmente la obesidad, en edad pediátrica aumenta el riesgo de morbimortalidad en la edad adulta. El objetivo de este trabajo es estimar la prevalencia, global y en función de la edad y del sexo, de bajo peso, normopeso, exceso ponderal y de obesidad abdominal en los escolares gallegos de 6 a 15 años en el curso escolar 2013-2014.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces immunological dysfunction, which limits the elimination of HIV-infected cells during treated infection. Identifying and targeting dysfunctional immune cells might help accelerate the purging of the persistent viral reservoir. Here, we show that chronic HIV infection increases natural killer (NK) cell populations expressing the negative immune regulator KLRG1, both in peripheral blood and lymph nodes. Antiretroviral treatment (ART) does not reestablish these functionally impaired NK populations, and the expression of KLRG1 correlates with active HIV transcription. Targeting KLRG1 with specific antibodies significantly restores the capacity of NK cells to kill HIV-infected cells, reactivates latent HIV present in CD4+T cells co-expressing KLRG1, and reduces the intact HIV genomes in samples from ART-treated individuals. Our data support the potential use of immunotherapy against the KLRG1 receptor to impact the viral reservoir during HIV persistence.

Background: The Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (FHCOHRQOL- Q) is an instrument designed specifically for parents and caregivers of patients with special needs that has not yet been applied in Spain. The aim of this study was to adapt it to Spanish and evaluate its reliability and validity in patients with intellectual disability (ID) treated under general anesthesia. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in two different stages: a) cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire, and b) cross-sectional study on 100 parents and caregivers who completed the piloted FHCOHRQOL- Q. The patients were examined according to the WHO methodology. Dental treatments performed were recorded. Statistical tests were used to evaluate reliability (internal consistency) and validity (content, criterion, construct and discriminant) of the instrument. Results: The mean age was 24 years (range=4-71 years). The most frequent causes of ID were psychomotor retardation (25%) and cerebral palsy (24%). The items most frequently answered by parents and caregivers were eating and nutrition problems (80%) and bad breath/taste (57%). Reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) was considered excellent (alpha=0.80-0.95). The analysis of the factorial validity yielded similar results to the original questionnaire. The high response rate of items (>96%) allowed content validity. Criterion validity was confirmed by a significant correlation with questions on oral health and oral well-being. Discriminant validity was demonstrated by the significant association of =21.5 years of age with worse oral symptoms (p=0.034) and parental concerns (p=0.005), DMFT index =3 with daily life problems (p=0.02), =4 decayed teeth with daily life problems (p=0.001), and >2 dental extractions with oral symptoms (p=0.000), daily life problems (p=0.002) and parent's perceptions (p=0.043). Conclusions: The FHC-OHRQOL-Q in Spanish is a reliable and valid instrument to apply in clinical practice to evaluate the impact of OHRQOL in mostly adult patients with ID, accessible to Spanish-speaking parents and caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluar y corregir, usando escalas de siluetas corporales, el impacto de la no respuesta en las prevalencias de bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad en niños/as de 6-15 años de edad.

Bajo el término malnutrición se agrupa la malnutrición por exceso, por defecto y por retraso en el crecimiento. Su prevalencia, a nivel poblacional, se puede estimar mediante variables antropométricas. El objetivo de este trabajo es estimar la prevalencia de malnutrición en los escolares gallegos de 6 a 15años en el curso escolar 2013-2014.

Valorar los cambios en el consumo de tabaco y estudiar de forma detallada el consumo de tabaco de liar y de cigarrillos electrónicos en la población gallega desde 2007 hasta 2015.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la prevalencia de la inactividad física en Galicia en el tiempo libre en 2007-2011, así como el impacto que supone en ella el considerar otras actividades cotidianas.

Michael, Henry, and Henry: A new one‐pot reaction of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes and β‐dicarbonyls, which involves a Michael reaction catalyzed by diarylprolinol ethers and an inter–intramolecular Henry tandem reaction catalyzed by TBAF (see scheme), has been developed. The reaction proceeds in high enantio‐ and diastereoselectivity for a wide range of unsaturated aldehydes and β‐dicarbonyl reagents.

The emergence of chemsex has raised several concerns about gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men's (GBMSM) health. In this study we aim to analyze illicit drugs and chemsex use, sexual behavior and sexually transmitted infections (STI) in GBMSM who attended to a sexual health clinic and to explore any potential association between drug use and STI.

To assess the efficacy of long-term treatment with nebulized colistin in reducing the number of respiratory infections, emergency consultations and hospitalizations in oncological patients.

Objetivos:Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos aumentan la morbimortalidad, prolongan la estancia hospitalaria y aumentan los costes sanitarios. El objetivo de principal de nuestro estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de visitas por reacciones adversas a medicamentos en el servicio de urgencias y describir sus características. El objetivo secundario fue determinar las variables predictoras de hospitalización por reacciones adversas a medicamentos asociadas a visitas en el servicio de urgencias. Métodos:Estudio observacional y retrospectivo de las reacciones adversas a medicamentos registradas en un servicio de urgencias, realizado del 15 de noviembre al 15 de diciembre de 2021. Se describieron las características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes, los medicamentos involucrados y las reacciones adversas a medicamentos. Se realizó una regresión logística para identificar los factores relacionados con la hospitalización por reacciones adversas a medicamentos. Resultados:10.799 pacientes visitaron el servicio de urgencias, de los que 216 (2%) presentaban reacciones adversas a medicamentos. La edad media fue de 70 ± 17,5 (18–98) años y el 47,7% de los pacientes fueron hombres. Un 54,6% de los pacientes requirieron hospitalización y el 1,6% fallecieron a causa de una reacción adversa a medicamentos. El número total de fármacos involucrados fue de 315, con 149 fármacos diferentes. El grupo farmacológico correspondiente al sistema nervioso constituyó el grupo más representativo (n = 81). Medicamentos de alto riesgo, como los antitrombóticos (n = 53), fueron el subgrupo de medicamentos que provocó más visitas a urgencias y hospitalizaciones. El acenocumarol (n = 20) fue el principal fármaco implicado. Los trastornos gastrointestinales (n = 62) fueron mayoritarios. La diarrea (n = 16) fue la reacción adversa a medicamento más frecuente, mientras que la hemorragia gastrointestinal (n = 13) presentó el mayor número de hospitalizaciones. El índice de comorbilidad de Charlson se comportó como un factor de riesgo independiente para hospitalización (ORA 3,24 IC 95% 1,47–7,13 en índice de comorbilidad de Charlson de 4–6, ORA 20,07 IC 95% 6,87–58,64 en índice de comorbilidad de Charlson ≥10). Conclusiones:La prevalencia de visitas al servicio de urgencias por reacciones adversas a medicamentos continúa siendo un problema sanitario no despreciable. Medicamentos de alto riesgo como los agentes antitrombóticos fueron el principal subgrupo terapéutico implicado. El índice de comorbilidad de Charlson se comportó como un factor independiente de hospitalización, mientras que la hemorragia gastrointestinal fue la reacción adversa a medicamento con mayor número de ingresos hospitalarios.

A preparation of purified Rhodospirillum rubrumphotoreaction centres was subjected to dialysis under mild denaturing conditions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate—polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the resulting prepartation contained only one peptidic constituent, apparently the lighter one. The dialyzed centres retained the characteristic absorption spectrum in the visible—near infrared range and actinic light elicited the spectral changes which reflect primary change separation. Thus, it seems that the light protein of the photoreaction centre contains all the binding sites for the primary reactants of bacterial photosynthesis.

A preparation of purified Rhodospirillum rubrumphotoreaction centres was subjected to dialysis under mild denaturing conditions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate—polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the resulting prepartation contained only one peptidic constituent, apparently the lighter one. The dialyzed centres retained the characteristic absorption spectrum in the visible—near infrared range and actinic light elicited the spectral changes which reflect primary change separation. Thus, it seems that the light protein of the photoreaction centre contains all the binding sites for the primary reactants of bacterial photosynthesis.

Photoreaction centers were purified from wild‐type Rhodospirillum rubrumby a new procedure which reduced to undetectable levels the activities of contaminant endogenous proteinases. As shown by sodium dodecylsulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mild digestion of the centers with α‐chymotrypsin degraded the 36 kDa (H) polypeptide but did not elicit significant alterations in the 29 (M) and 25 kDa (L) constituents. While short‐term incubation with trypsin removed H and decreased the Mrof M to that of L, a prolonged treatment with trypsin yielded preparations with polypeptides of 19 and 5 kDa. Since the proteolyzed preparations retained the near infrared absorption spectrum of the native photoreaction center and exhibited photochemical activity, an apparent 3–4‐fold increase of the primary donor:protein ratio was achieved.

Photoreaction centers were purified from wild-type Rhodospirillum rubrumby a new procedure which reduced to undetectable levels the activities of contaminant endogenous proteinases. As shown by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mild digestion of the centers with α-chymotrypsin degraded the 36 kDa (H) polypeptide but did not elicit significant alterations in the 29 (M) and 25 kDa (L) constituents. While short-term incubation with trypsin removed H and decreased the Mrof M to that of L, a prolonged treatment with trypsin yielded preparations with polypeptides of 19 and 5 kDa. Since the proteolyzed preparations retained the near infrared absorption spectrum of the native photoreaction center and exhibited photochemical activity, an apparent 3–4-fold increase of the primary donor:protein ratio was achieved.

Aim: To determine the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection in children and young people who play federated football.Methods: Prospective study, from October 2020 to January 2021, in players aged 4 to 19 years from federated football clubs in Galicia, Spain (N = 23,845). Outbreaks and cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were recorded. The cumulative incidence was compared with the incidence registered in Galicia in the same age range.Results: The cumulative incidence was 29.8 cases per 10,000 licenses in 4 months, lower than the incidence registered in the general population for all ages and both sexes (283.7 per 10,000 inhabitants; rate ratio = 9.5). It was higher in January (40.7 per 10,000), coinciding with the population peak. More cases were registered in futsal (42.9 vs 27.5 per 10,000) and competitions with periodic screenings (127.4 vs 9.1 per 10,000). There were 2 outbreaks in 2389 teams (0.08%).Conclusion: The results support the safety of football practice in children and young people with prevention protocols.