25 results on '"Souverein, Patrick C."'
Search Results
2. Improving 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction in apparently healthy people: flexible addition of risk modifiers on top of SCORE2
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Hageman, Steven H J, Petitjaen, Carmen, Pennells, Lisa, Kaptoge, Stephen, Pajouheshnia, Romin, Tillmann, Taavi, Blaha, Michael J, McClelland, Robyn L, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Nambi, Vijay, Klungel, Olaf H, Souverein, Patrick C, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Verschuren, W M Monique, Lehmann, Nils, Erbel, Raimund, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Visseren, Frank L J, and Dorresteijn, Jannick A N
- Abstract
Heart disease is a major health concern worldwide, and predicting an individual’s risk for developing heart disease is an important tool for prevention. Current risk prediction models often use factors such as age, gender, smoking, and blood pressure, but other factors like education level, albuminuria (protein in the urine), and coronary artery calcium (CAC) may also affect an individual’s risk. The aim of this study was to develop a new method for using these additional risk factors for predicting risk even more accurately.The researchers used data from several large studies that included over 400 000 apparently healthy individuals who were followed for 10 years. They examined the effect of various risk factors on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk using a statistical model. They found that adding coronary scan (‘CAC score’); NT-proBNP, a biomarker of heart strain; and hs-Troponin-T, a marker of heart damage, to the existing risk prediction model (SCORE2) improved the accuracy of predicted CVD risk. The key findings are:The methods presented in the current study can help to add additional risk factors to predictions of existing models, such as SCORE2.This flexible method may help identify individuals who are at higher risk for CVD and guide prevention strategies.
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- 2023
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3. Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk for sudden cardiac arrest and for all-cause death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Eroglu, Talip E, Coronel, Ruben, Zuurbier, Coert J, Blom, Marieke, de Boer, Anthonius, and Souverein, Patrick C
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- 2023
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4. Within-episode repeat antibiotic prescriptions in patients with respiratory tract infections: A population-based cohort study.
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Lalmohamed, Arief, Venekamp, Roderick P., Bolhuis, Albert, Souverein, Patrick C., van de Wijgert, Janneke H.H.M., Gulliford, Martin C., and Hay, Alastair D.
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Antimicrobial stewardship interventions mainly focus on initial antibiotic prescriptions, with few considering within-episode repeat prescriptions. We aimed to describe the magnitude, type and determinants of within-episode repeat antibiotic prescriptions in patients presenting to primary care with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). We conducted a population-based cohort study among 530 sampled English general practices within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). All individuals with a primary care RTI consultation for which an antibiotic was prescribed between March 2018 and February 2022. Main outcome measurement was repeat antibiotic prescriptions within 28 days of a RTI visit stratified by age (children vs. adults) and RTI type (lower vs. upper RTI). Multivariable logistic regression and principal components analyses were used to identify risk factors and patient clusters at risk for within-episode repeat prescriptions. 905,964 RTI episodes with at least one antibiotic prescription were identified. In adults, 19.9% (95% CI 19.3–20.5%) had at least one within-episode repeat prescription for a lower RTI, compared to 10.5% (95% CI 10.3–10.8%) for an upper RTI. In children, this was around 10% irrespective of RTI type. The majority of repeat prescriptions occurred a median of 10 days after the initial prescription and was the same antibiotic class in 48.3% of cases. Frequent RTI related GP visits and prior within-RTI-episode repeat antibiotic prescriptions were main factors associated with repeat prescriptions in both adults and children irrespective of RTI type. Young (<2 years) and older (65+) age were associated with repeat prescriptions. Among those aged 2–64 years, allergic rhinitis, COPD and oral corticosteroids were associated with repeat prescriptions. Repeat within-episode antibiotic use accounts for a significant proportion of all antibiotics prescribed for RTIs, with same class antibiotics unlikely to confer clinical benefit and is therefore a prime target for future antimicrobial stewardship interventions. • Within-episode repeat antibiotic prescription is common with an overall proportion of 13%. • Repeats typically occur 10 days after the initial prescription, with the same antibiotic class used in nearly half. • Consultation behaviour and prior antibiotic repeats were the main factors associated with repeat antibiotic prescriptions. • Reducing within-episode antibiotic prescriptions could represent a "quick win" for antimicrobial stewardship teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Statins After Ischemic Stroke in the Oldest: A Cohort Study Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Database.
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Lefeber, Geert J., Knol, Wilma, Souverein, Patrick C., Bouvy, Marcel L., de Boer, Anthonius, and Koek, Huiberdina L.
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- 2021
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6. The Relationship Between Real-World Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence and Asthma Outcomes: A Multilevel Approach
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Vervloet, Marcia, van Dijk, Liset, Spreeuwenberg, Peter, Price, David, Chisholm, Alison, Van Ganse, Eric, Pinnock, Hilary, Rand, Cynthia S., Eakin, Michelle N., Schermer, Tjard, Souverein, Patrick C., and Dima, Alexandra L.
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Low inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) adherence is associated with increased asthma burden. This relationship is likely bidirectional, and may vary across adherence stages (initiation, implementation, and persistence). Studies rarely examine reciprocal influences.
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- 2020
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7. Association Between Urinary Tract Infections and Antipsychotic Drug Use in Older Adults
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van Strien, Astrid M., Souverein, Patrick C., Keijsers, Carolina J.P.W., Heerdink, Eibert R., Derijks, Hieronymus J., and van Marum, Rob J.
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BackgroundAntipsychotic drugs are frequently prescribed to older adults, but they may be associated with serious adverse effects. The objective was to investigate the association between use of antipsychotics in older adults and the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs).MethodsDesignThis study was designed as a cohort study.SettingData were obtained from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink from January 1, 2000, to September 29, 2016.ParticipantsPrimary care patients 65 years or older in the United Kingdom with a first prescription for an oral antipsychotic were included in the study.MeasurementsIncidence of UTIs was calculated for periods with and without exposure to antipsychotic drugs in one cohort. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with Andersen-Gill extension for recurrent events was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsDuring the study period, 191,827 individuals with a first prescription for an oral antipsychotic drug were identified. Current use of antipsychotics was associated with an increased risk of UTI compared with past use (adjusted HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.28–1.34). This effect was strongest in the first 14 days of use (adjusted HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.73–1.95) and in individuals who used more than one antipsychotic drug concomitantly (adjusted HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.45–1.87). The risk was slightly higher for typical antipsychotics than for atypical antipsychotics. Stratification by sex showed that risk estimates were slightly higher in men than in women.ConclusionsUse of antipsychotics was associated with an increased risk of UTIs in both men and women, particularly in the first weeks after the start of treatment.
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- 2018
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8. Risk of Hospitalization for Hypoglycemia in Older Patients with Diabetes Using Antipsychotic Drugs.
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van Keulen, Kris, van der Linden, Paul D., Souverein, Patrick C., Heerdink, Eibert R., Egberts, Antoine C. G., Knot, Wilma, and Knol, Wilma
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Objective: Antipsychotics may disrupt metabolic regulation in patients with diabetes mellitus. The risk of hypoglycemia in older users of antipsychotics with diabetes is largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the association between the use of antipsychotic drugs and hypoglycemia requiring hospital admission in older patients with diabetes.Methods: In a nested case-control study using community pharmacy records linked to hospital admission data in the Netherlands (1998-2008), a cohort of 68,314 patients at least 65 years with diabetes was studied. Cases were patients from the study cohort with a first hospital admission for hypoglycemia; up to five comparison subjects were selected for each case. Exposure to antipsychotic drugs was the primary determinant of interest. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the strength of the association between antipsychotic drug use and hypoglycemia, taking into account potential confounders.Results: Eight hundred fifteen patients were admitted to hospital for hypoglycemia. Current use of antipsychotic drugs was associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia compared with non-use (adjusted OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.45-3.52; Wald χ(2) = 13.08, df = 1, p ≤0.001), especially in the first 30 days of treatment (adjusted OR: 7.65; 95% CI: 2.50-23.41; Wald χ(2) = 12.72, df = 1, p ≤0.001) and with higher doses (adjusted OR: 8.20; 95% CI: 3.09-21.75; Wald χ(2) = 17.90, df = 1, p ≤0.001).Conclusion: Use of antipsychotic drugs by older patients with diabetes mellitus was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for hypoglycemia. Our findings suggest that glucose levels should be monitored closely after initiation of antipsychotic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
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9. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on the intolerance of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
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Mahmoudpour, Seyed H., Veluchamy, Abirami, Siddiqui, Moneeza K., Asselbergs, Folkert W., Souverein, Patrick C., de Keyser, Catherine E., Hofman, Albert, Lang, Chim C., Doney, Alexander S.F., Stricker, Bruno H., de Boer, Anthonius, Maitland-van der Zee, Anke H., and Palmer, Colin N.A.
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Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
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- 2017
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10. The incidence of fractures at various sites in newly treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Sarodnik, Cindy, Rasmussen, Nicklas H., Bours, Sandrine P.G., Schaper, Nicolaas C., Vestergaard, Peter, Souverein, Patrick C., Jensen, Morten H., Driessen, Johanna H.M., and van den Bergh, Joop P.W.
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In this descriptive study, we examined the incidence of fractures in patients with newly treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) compared to matched reference population.
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- 2022
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11. Risk of Hospitalization for Hypoglycemia in Older Patients with Diabetes Using Antipsychotic Drugs
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van Keulen, Kris, van der Linden, Paul D., Souverein, Patrick C., Heerdink, Eibert R., Egberts, Antoine C.G., and Knol, Wilma
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Antipsychotics may disrupt metabolic regulation in patients with diabetes mellitus. The risk of hypoglycemia in older users of antipsychotics with diabetes is largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the association between the use of antipsychotic drugs and hypoglycemia requiring hospital admission in older patients with diabetes.
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- 2015
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12. Association Between Statin Use and Lupus-Like Syndrome Using Spontaneous Reports.
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de Jong, Hilda J.I., Cohen Tervaert, Jan Willem, Saldi, Siti R.F., Vandebriel, Rob J., Souverein, Patrick C., Meyboom, Ronald H.B., van Loveren, Henk, and Klungel, Olaf H.
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Objectives: Several case reports of lupus-like syndrome suggest that statins could have triggered the development of this rare autoimmune disease. However, data on the association between statin use and lupus-like syndrome are scarce. We assessed whether there was an association between statin use and the occurrence of lupus-like syndrome. Methods: A case/noncase study based on individual case safety reports listed in the World Health Organization global individual case safety reports database (VigiBase) was conducted. According to World Health Organization adverse reaction terminology, cases were defined as reports of lupus-like syndrome. Each case was matched with 5 noncases by age, gender, and time of reporting. Use of statins was classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification code system. Covariates, ie, use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, antiepileptics, proton pump inhibitors, and cardiovascular drugs, were determined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the reporting odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We identified 3362 reports of lupus-like syndrome as cases and 27,092 reports of other adverse drug reactions as noncases. Statins were more frequently reported as suspected drug in cases (3.2%) than in noncases (1.5%). After adjustment for several covariates, statins were associated with the reporting of lupus-like syndrome (reporting odds ratios 2.01; 95% confidence intervals 1.61-2.51). Conclusions: We found an association between reporting of statins and lupus-like syndrome. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding in more detail and establish causality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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13. Effects of corticosteroid use on readmission in obstructive lung disease.
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Velthove, Karin J., Souverein, Patrick C., van Solinge, Wouter W., Leufkens, Hubert G.M., and Lammers, Jan-Willem J.
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Summary: Objective: Obstructive lung disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Some patients are readmitted, but currently predicting parameters for identifying these patients are lacking. The aim of this study was to quantify the incidence of readmission in chronic obstructive lung disease and to identify determinants for hospital readmission. Methods: We conducted a cohort study using the PHARMO record linkage system, including demographic details and complete medication histories of more than two million community-dwelling residents in the Netherlands from 1985 onwards. Eligible patients were adult users of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with an admission for obstructive lung disease. The outcome parameter was readmission within a follow-up period of one year. Results: We identified 605 ICS users with an admission for chronic obstructive lung disease, 132 of these patients were readmitted. Readmission was associated with a high Chronic Disease Score (adjusted HR 2.4; 95% CI 1.1–5.3). Patients using short courses of systemic corticosteroids only (adjusted HR 0.5; 95% CI 0.4–0.8) or combined with antibiotics (adjusted HR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.6) were at decreased risk of readmission. The effect of high-dose ICS use varied over time. Conclusions: Treatment of exacerbations out of the hospital was associated with a decreased risk of readmission, while patients with multiple chronic diseases are at increased risk of readmission for obstructive lung disease. These patients should be educated and should be invited to consultation more often to be able to detect exacerbation in an early phase and start treatment as early as possible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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14. Is aspirin useful in patients on lithium? A pharmacoepidemiological study related to bipolar disorder.
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Stolk, Pieter, Souverein, Patrick C., Wilting, Ingeborg, Leufkens, Hubert G.M., Klein, Donald F., Rapoport, Stanley I., and Heerdink, Eibert R.
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ASPIRIN ,LITHIUM ,MOOD stabilizers ,BIPOLAR disorder ,THERAPEUTICS ,THERAPEUTIC use of glucocorticoids ,PHOSPHOLIPASES ,ARACHIDONIC acid ,CYCLOOXYGENASES ,NONSTEROIDAL anti-inflammatory agents - Abstract
Abstract: Objectives: Administration to rats of mood stabilizers approved for bipolar disorder (BD) downregulates markers of the brain arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) metabolic cascade, including phospholipase A
2 (PLA2 ) and cyclooxygenase (COX) expression. We hypothesized that other agents that target the brain AA cascade, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids, also would ameliorate BD symptoms. Methods: Medication histories on subjects who had been prescribed lithium were collected from the Netherlands PHARMO Record Linkage System. Data were stratified according to drug classes that inhibit PLA2 and/or COX enzymes, and duration of use. Incidence density (ID) of medication events (dose increase or substance change) was used as a proxy for clinical worsening. ID ratios in patients with the inhibitors plus lithium were compared to ratios in patients using lithium alone. Results: Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) significantly reduced the ID ratio of medication events, independent of use duration. The ID ratios of NSAIDs and glucocorticoids did not differ significantly from 1.0 if prescribed for ≥180 or ≥90 days, but exceeded 1.0 with shorter use. Selective COX-2 inhibitors had no significant effect and multiagent administration increased the ID ratio above 1.0. Conclusions: Low-dose aspirin produced a statistically significant duration-independent reduction in the relative risk of clinical deterioration in subjects on lithium, whereas other NSAIDs and glucocorticoids did not. These tentative findings could be tested on larger databases containing detailed information about diagnosis and disease course, as well as by controlled clinical trials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2010
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15. Prior outpatient antibacterial therapy as prognostic factor for mortality in hospitalized pneumonia patients.
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van de Garde, Ewoudt M.W., Souverein, Patrick C., van den Bosch, Jules M.M., Deneer, Vera H.M., Goettsch, Wim G., and Leufkens, Hubert G.M.
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Summary: Study objectives: To assess whether prior outpatient treatment is associated with outcome in patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Patients and methods: All patients with a first hospital admission for CAP between 1995 and 2000 were selected. Patients were divided into two groups, one of patients with use of antibacterial agents prior to hospitalization and one of patients treated as inpatient directly. The main outcome measures were duration of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Results: The two patient groups comprised 296 and 794 patients, respectively. The median duration of hospital stay was 10 days and was similar for both groups. In patients with respiratory diseases or heart failure, the median duration of hospital stay was 12 and 14 days, respectively. The overall in-hospital mortality was 7.2% and did not largely differ between both groups. In patients with congestive heart failure, the mortality was 9.8% for controls and 23.3% for patients hospitalized after initial outpatient treatment (adjusted OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.01–7.81). Conclusions: Prior outpatient antibacterial therapy is not associated with outcome in hospitalized pneumonia patients. In patients with underlying chronic heart failure, prior outpatient antibiotic is associated with a significant increased mortality. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2006
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16. Population-Based Cohort Study of Anti-Infective Medication Use before and after the Onset of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents
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Fazeli Farsani, Soulmaz, Souverein, Patrick C., van der Vorst, Marja M. J., Knibbe, Catherijne A. J., de Boer, Anthonius, and Mantel-Teeuwisse, Aukje K.
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ABSTRACTA population-based cohort study was conducted in the Dutch PHARMO database to investigate prevalence and patterns of anti-infective medication use in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) before and after the onset of this disease. All patients <19 years with at least 2 insulin prescriptions (1999 to 2009) were identified (T1D cohort) and compared with an age- and sex-matched (ratio: 1 up to 4) diabetes-free reference group. The prevalence and average number of anti-infective use was studied from (up to) 8 years before until a maximum of 4 years after the onset of T1D. A total of 925 patients with T1D and 3,591 children and adolescents in the reference cohort (51% boys, mean age of 10.1 [standard deviation, 4.5] years) were included. The overall prevalence of anti-infective use (62.6 compared to 52.6%, P< 0.001) and average number of prescriptions (2.71 compared to 1.42 per child, P< 0.001) in the T1D cohort were significantly higher than those in the reference cohort after the onset of diabetes. This pattern was consistent across sex and age categories and already observed in the year before the onset of type 1 diabetes. Patients in the T1D cohort received more antibacterials (49.8 compared to 40%, P< 0.001), antimycotics (4.0 compared to 1.3%, P< 0.001), antivirals (2.5 compared to 0.4%, P< 0.001), and second-line antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides, quinolones, and third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Our findings that elevated anti-infective use in the T1D cohort exists in the period before the onset of type 1 diabetes and the consumption of more second-line anti-infective compounds in this time period warrant further research.
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- 2014
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17. Age as a Determinant of Instability of Serum Lithium Concentrations
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Melick, Els J. M. van, Souverein, Patrick C., Breeijen, Johanneke H. den, Tusveld, Charlotte E., Egberts, Toine C. G., and Wilting, Ingeborg
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Lithium is used both in bipolar disorder and as augmentation in treatment-resistant unipolar depression. Long-term treatment is often indicated. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes in older age, as well as increasing comorbidities and polypharmacy, could result in instability of serum lithium concentrations. In this study, several parameters, considered proxy for instability, were compared between age groups. These parameters were derived from studies involving oral anticoagulants.
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- 2013
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18. Use of Oral Glucocorticoids and the Risk of Pulmonary Embolism
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Stuijver, Danka J.F., Majoor, Christof J., van Zaane, Bregje, Souverein, Patrick C., de Boer, Anthonius, Dekkers, Olaf M., Büller, Harry R., and Gerdes, Victor E.A.
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Recently, endogenous glucocorticoid excess has been identified as a risk factor for VTE. Whether exogenous use of glucocorticoids is associated with an increased risk of VTE is unclear. We aimed to quantify the risk of symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients using corticosteroids.
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- 2013
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19. Medication Changes Prior to Hospitalization for Obstructive Lung Disease: A Case-Crossover Study
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Velthove, Karin J, Leufkens, Hubert GM, Schweizer, René C, Solinge, Wouter W van, and Souverein, Patrick C
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Background: Hospitalizations have always been seen as a solid outcome parameter in pharmacoepidemiology. However, the period leading to hospitalization and prehospital management of the patient are equally important.Objective: To evaluate medication changes in the period prior to hospitalization for obstructive lung disease and to quantify the association between medication use and the risk of hospitalization.Methods: We conducted a case-crossover study using the PHARMO record linkage system, which contains drug dispensing data from community pharmacies and hospital admission data. Patients included in the study were adults hospitalized for obstructive lung disease between 2005 and 2007. The index date of the case period was the date of hospitalization, and control moments were set at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months before admission. For each patient, all prescriptions prior to the date of hospitalization were identified. Medication use was ascertained in a 90-day time window prior to each case or control moment.Results: We identified 1481 patients who were hospitalized for obstructive lung disease. It appeared that respiratory medication use increased in the 90 days prior to hospitalization. Hospitalization was associated with the use of 3 or more respiratory drugs (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.8 to 2.8), systemic glucocorticoids (OR 4.5; 95% CI 3.8 to 5.4), and antibiotics (OR 3.1; 95% CI 2.7 to 3.6).Conclusions: The use of systemic glucocorticoids, antibiotics, and other respiratory drugs increased prior to hospitalization for obstructive lung disease. These results could be indicative of the development and/or treatment of an exacerbation. There is a need for markers to detect exacerbations in an early phase in order to start treatment as early as possible and possibly prevent hospitalizations for obstructive lung disease.
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- 2010
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20. Identification of exacerbations in obstructive lung disease through biomarkers
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Velthove, Karin J., Bracke, Madelon, Souverein, Patrick C., Schweizer, René C., ten Berg, Maarten J., Leufkens, Hubert G.M., and van Solinge, Wouter W.
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Inflammation has been identified as an important factor for disease exacerbation in obstructive lung disease. In this study, we used neutrophil and eosinophil counts as biomarkers for exacerbation in obstructive lung disease. We conducted a case–control study within a cohort of patients frequenting an outpatient clinic of Respiratory Medicine using data from the Utrecht Patient Oriented Database (UPOD). Cases were patients with a hospital admission for obstructive lung disease in 2005. For each case, one control patient was sampled from the same study base. We identified 143 cases (118 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 25 asthma patients) and 143 controls. Admission was associated with both neutrophilia (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2–8.5), and eosinophilia (adjusted OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1–6.2). The association with eosinophilia was only seen in asthma patients. In conclusion, neutrophil and eosinophil counts seem to be useful biomarkers for identifying exacerbations in pharmacoepidemiological studies on obstructive lung disease.
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- 2009
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21. Association Between Hospitalization and Discontinuity of Medication Therapy Used in the Community Setting in the Netherlands
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Stuffken, Rutger, Heerdink, Eibert R, Koning, Fred HP de, Souverein, Patrick C, and Egberts, Antoine CG
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Background: Transitions from one healthcare setting to another often parallel transitions in health status and can be associated with intentional as well as unintentional changes in patient care. Hospitalization may put patients at increased risk of discontinuity of medication use.Objective: To assess the association between hospitalization and medication therapy discontinuities.Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted using data obtained from the PHARMO Record Linkage System. We randomly selected patients who had been hospitalized (index date) between July 1, 1998, and June 30, 2000. For each hospitalized patient, one nonhospitalized patient was matched for age, sex, and geographic area, and was assigned the same index date as the corresponding hospitalized patient. The primary study outcome was the incidence of one or more medication therapy discontinuities at the index date and at several control moments during a period of 18 months before and 18 months after hospital admission. We defined 4 mutually exclusive types of discontinuities: generic–brand substitution, product substitution, therapeutic switch, and stop.Results: The study population comprised 8681 hospitalized patients and an equal number of age/sex-matched nonhospitalized patients. Of all hospitalized patients on drug therapy at the index date (n = 5265) 3322 (63.1 %) had one or more medication therapy discontinuities at the index dale, compared with 1390 (33.5%) of the nonhospitalized patients taking medication at the index date (n = 4147; RR 1.82; 95% CI 1.71 to 1.94). The highest risk estimate was found for therapeutic switch (RR 5.34; 95% CI 3.93 to 7.26), followed by product substitution (RR 2.32; 95% CI 1.88 to 2.86) and stop (RR 1.98; 95% CI 1.85 to 2.13). There was no significantly increased risk for generic-brand name substitution (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.06).Conclusions: Hospitalization is associated with discontinuity of drugs used in the community setting. Medication stops were observed most frequently. Hospital safety programs should focus attention on medication therapy discontinuities at times of transition to ensure continuity of care in relation to drug therapy.
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- 2008
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22. Effect of oral antiplatelet agents on major bleeding in users of coumarins
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Schalekamp, Tom, Klungel, Olaf H., Souverein, Patrick C., and de Boer, Anthonius
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- 2008
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23. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use and protection against pneumonia in patients with diabetes
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Garde, Ewoudt MW van de, Souverein, Patrick C, Hak, Eelko, Deneer, Vera HM, Bosch, Jules MM van den, and Leufkens, Hubert GM
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Because of the high risk of pneumonia in patients with diabetes, we aimed to assess the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use on the occurrence of pneumonia in a general population of patients with diabetes.
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- 2007
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24. Difference in Risks of Allergic Reaction to Sulfonamide Drugs Based on Chemical Structure
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Verdel, B Marianne, Souverein, Patrick C, Egberts, Antoine CG, and Leufkens, Hubert GM
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Background: The chemical structure of sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonamide nonantibiotics can affect the potential for adverse reactions.Objective: To assess whether differences in chemical structure of the various sulfonamide drugs influence the risk of allergic events.Methods: A case–control study was conducted among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) using data from the General Practice Research Database. Cases were defined as patients with a diagnosis of hypersensitivity or allergic reaction. The date of the last event was the index date. Controls were matched on practice, type of DM, and index date. Current use of sulfonamides was defined as use in a 14 day time window before the index date. Sulfonamides were classified according to the presence/absence of an N1 substituent (N1+/-) and/or an arylamine (N4+/-). Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate strength of association and expressed as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results: Overall, current use of N1+N4+sulfonamide drugs was associated with the outcome (adjusted OR 3.71; 95% Cl 1.40 to 9.81). Current use of N1+N4-and N1-N4-sulfonamide drugs was also associated with the occurrence of allergic reactions, although not as strongly: adjusted OR 2.48 (95% Cl 2.12 to 2.89) and 2.07 (95% Cl 1.74 to 2.46), respectively. Sex and age seemed to be effect modifiers. There was no clear evidence for effect modification by immune disease state.Conclusions: Although we did not identify major differences between the groups, we believe that this approach is an innovative manner to examine adverse drug reactions by using chemical structure instead of therapeutic drug classes to classify exposure.
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- 2006
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25. Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence Patterns in a Longitudinal Asthma Cohort
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Souverein, Patrick C., Koster, Ellen S., Colice, Gene, van Ganse, Eric, Chisholm, Alison, Price, David, and Dima, Alexandra L.
- Abstract
Electronic prescribing records can enable exploration of medication adherence, but analysis decisions may influence estimates and require alignment to new consensus-based definitions.
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- 2017
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