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The current study explores the concept of generalization of multi-switching synchronization. It contains designing the various orders of switches based on the number of state variables in the drive and response subsystems. The proposed theme is demonstrated using two hyper chaotic systems, namely Chen and Lorenz, with the aid of nonlinear active control. Prior to achieving synchronization, a chaotic analysis is conducted, including the Lyapunov characteristics exponents, fractional dimensions, and dissipativity. The study presents four distinct orders of switches (heterogeneous) and validates the computational results using Mathematica. This research contributes to the understanding of the multi-switching synchronization in broad sense and its potential applications in synchronizing the chaotic systems.

Anesthetics have an essential role in aquaculture operations because they minimize physical injury during various handling practices such as sampling, weighing, length measurement and tagging, which decreases stress on fish. Many fish farmers are involved in using alternative fish anesthetic agents with minimal side effects to life such as herbal essential oils. This study aims at investigating the efficacy of clove oil and rosewood oil as anesthetics on goldfish Carassius auratus.Anesthesia effect of both oils was tested in six different concentrations (i.e., 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 mg/l of water) on ten fish between 6–25 g weight and 9–14 cm length. The efficacy of both oils was assessed on the basis of the fish behavior. The induction time (min) was assessed by loss of swimming (LS), partial loss of equilibrium (PLE), final loss of equilibrium (FLE), and medullar collapse (Mc). The fish were observed for balance and response to a tactile stimulus in each treatment. Both clove oil and rosewood oil contributed well as anesthetics as they caused loss of equilibrium and swimming ability in the goldfish. In contrast, clove oil generated more rapid induction, prolonged recovery, and a narrow margin of safety. Fish farmers should use natural and environment friendly anesthetic agents instead of chemical ones, as they may alter negatively the growth and health of fish.

Chaotic synchronization is a self-organizing phenomenon that occurs when two or more chaotic systems become synchronized. So far for multi-switching synchronization (MSS), only a homogeneous kind of switches have been discussed. This paper presents a generalized approach to MSS in which all possible heterogeneous combinations are presented. This generalization of MSS allows for greater flexibility and robustness in the MSS process. The switches are designed based on the order of the drive/response subsystems. The author also uses sliding mode control to achieve synchronization among various heterogeneous combinations during MSS. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the author uses the Lorenz hyper chaotic system (LHCS) and the Chen hyper chaotic system (CHCS). The four different heterogeneous types of switches are designed and demonstrated for the chosen hyper chaotic systems. Mathematica is used for all numerical simulations. The results show that the proposed approach can achieve synchronization between two hyper chaotic systems with high accuracy. The author also shows that the proposed approach is robust to change in the parameters of the systems. This paper provides a new approach to chaotic synchronization that has potential applications in a variety of fields. The results presented in this paper are an important step towards the development of more robust and flexible synchronization schemes.

In this computational study, the author presents the multi-switching synchronization for different orders of drive and response systems using the adaptive sliding mode controllers. Furthermore, the author shows that increased/reduced order synchronization is a special case of multi-switching synchronization of different orders. For different switches, the Circular Restricted Three Body Problem and Lorenz chaotic systems are taken as a drive and response systems, respectively. Furthermore, in the computational study, the effects of both unknown model uncertainties and external disturbances are also considered.

The substantial amount of IoT traffic, coupled with control messages, places a heavy burden on SDN controllers, which compromises their capacity. We investigate how SDN can revolutionize the conventional approach, aiming to overcome the limitations of communication overhead. Additionally, we delve into the essential optimizations required to minimize control overhead and migrations. Determining the appropriate controller necessitates the implementation of a mechanism that justifies the selection. Once the optimal controller has been identified, migration can be initiated. This paper introduces a solution that employs the NSGA-II algorithm to achieve the optimal selection of controllers. We assess the performance of the NSGA-II migration approach linking with the length-based same destination aggregation proposed in our previous work, in terms of packet delivery, packet loss, performance metrics, and the cost associated with the selected optimal controller.

Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory and using the adaptive control, the work of this paper addresses the globally and asymptotically stable synchronisation and anti-synchronisation between two nearly identical time delay Bhalekar-Gejji chaotic systems in the presence of unknown parameters. Using the drive-response system synchronisation and anti-synchronisation schemes and based on the adaptive control, some algebraic sufficient conditions are derived that guarantee the globally and asymptotically stable synchronisation and anti-synchronisation between two identical time-delay Bhalekar-Gejji chaotic systems. Accordingly, appropriate update laws are designed to identify the fully unknown parameters. It has been shown that the proposed approach has an excellent transient performance in comparison with some noting existing results. Numerical simulations are given to verify and test the effectiveness of the current study.

We have investigated the synchronization and antisynchronization behaviour of two identical planar oscillation of a satellite in elliptic orbit evolving from different initial conditions using the active control technique based on the Lyapunov stability theory and the Routh-Hurwitz criteria. The designed controller, with our own choice of the coefficient matrix of the error dynamics that satisfy the Lyapunov stability theory and the Routh-Hurwitz criteria, is found to be effective in the stabilization of the error states at the origin, thereby, achieving synchronization and antisynchronization between the states variables of two nonlinear dynamical systems under consideration. The results are validated by numerical simulations using mathematica.