Search

Organic agriculture is a pivotal solution for achieving sustainable agricultural development and enhancing sustainability in the production of safe and healthy food systems. Consequently, policymakers, planners, and researchers worldwide have endeavored to expand it by focusing on key drivers and significant areas. However, organic farms have experienced recent declines in some countries. This study aimed to identify best strategies for developing healthy and organic production based on the perspectives of producers, who are crucial stakeholders in Mazandaran province, Iran. This region faces challenges with diminishing organic farming. The study employed a mixed-methods design, focusing on the strategic analysis of healthy and organic crop production. The study’s participants included healthy and organic farmers as well as subject-matter experts. In the qualitative phase, 34 development strategies were derived from 11 in-depth interviews with healthy and organic farmers using conventional content analysis. These strategies were then evaluated based on three criteria. In the quantitative phase, which involved a survey of 102 subject-matter experts, the strategies were weighted and ranked according to efficiency, feasibility and adaptability. The analytic network process (ANP) method was employed for this purpose. The results highlighted strategies such as “using less harmful toxins and fertilizers (organic and biological fertilizers),” “organizing educational and promotiDonal events to enhance consumer awareness,” and “ensuring the availability of essential inputs for producing healthy and organic crops” as the most significant, with the highest weights and rankings. These findings offer valuable insights for decision-makers engaged in the development of organic agriculture.

Graphical abstract:

In this research, substituent effects on the parameters of 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) in para‐substituted benzene‐sulphenyl chloride were studied at M062X/6‐311G(d,p) theory level. The 35Cl NQR parameters of the quadrupole coupling constant (QCC) and electric‐field gradient (EFG) tensor, as well as an asymmetric parameter, were shown to be correlated with Hammett constant following their calculations. The frontier orbital energy levels, HOMO‐LUMO gaps, hardness, electrophilicity, and chemical potential values of these molecules were calculated as well. natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was applied for calculating natural populations at chlorine atoms. Substituent effects on the parameters of 35Cl NQR in para‐substituted benzene‐sulphenyl chloride were studied at M062X/6‐311G(d,p) theory level. QCC and EFG tensor, as well as an asymmetric parameter were shown to be correlated with Hammett constant following their calculations.

One of the most significant aims of universities is to educate experts for entering the business market and applying their knowledge in developing the economy of the country. Accordingly, higher agricultural education has a very colossal role in development of the agricultural and employability skills among the students of this field. Therefore, in the present study, employability of the students of agriculture extension and education of Tehran University has been investigated, based on various observational dimensions of Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm and intention. For this purpose, 42 students of agriculture extension and education of Tehran University reported their information according to the elements of Ajzen's theory. The data supported and reaffirmed Ajzen's theory. The first anticipant of the employability was the control of students’ perceived behavior. In the same way, intention toward employability was the most considerable anticipator of the employability behavior.

Nowadays, Acinetobacter baumanniiis resistant to almost all available antibiotics. The evaluation of synergistic effects between the antibiotics against this pathogen is among the efforts to counteract its antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to evaluate possible synergistic effect of colistin and ampicillin/sulbactam (separately) with several antibiotics against clinical isolates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii.