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Juglanaloids A and B are recently isolated natural products characterized by an unprecedented spiro bicyclic isobenzofuranone-tetrahydrobenzazepinone framework and a promising antiamyloid activity. Here reported is a straightforward convergent total synthesis of these natural products, which were obtained in high enantiomeric purity (94% and >99% ee for juglanaloids A and B, respectively) through an eight-step longest linear sequence, based on an efficient and reliable enantioselective phase-transfer-catalyzed alkylation step. Considering the interesting biological activity of juglanaloids, this convenient, highly enantioselective, flexible, and predictable synthetic strategy promises to be a powerful tool for accessing potentially bioactive spiro bicyclic phthalide-tetrahydrobenzazepinone derivatives.

A novel asymmetric phase-transfer-catalyzed γ-alkylation of phthalide 3-carboxylic esters has been developed, giving access to 3,3-disubstituted phthalide derivatives, which present a chiral quaternary γ-carbon in good to excellent yields and good enantioselectivities (74–88% ee). The enantiomeric purity could be substantially enhanced to 94–95% ee by recrystallization. Both electron-withdrawing and electron-releasing substituents are well tolerated on the phthalide core as well as on the aromatic moiety of the alkylating agent. This methodology, enabling the introduction of an unfunctionalized group at the phthalide γ-position, fully complements previously reported organocatalytic strategies involving functionalized electrophiles, thus expanding the scope of accessible 3,3-disubstituted products. The high synthetic value of this asymmetric reaction has been proven by the formal synthesis of the naturally occurring alkaloid (+)-(9S,13R)-13-hydroxyisocyclocelabenzine.

The first arylogous Michael reaction of 3-aryl phthalides has been developed. The reaction, promoted by catalytic amounts of KOH or K3PO4and dibenzo-18-crown-6, affords the corresponding 3,3-disubstituted phthalides in good to high yields and as single diastereomers in nearly all studied cases.

Peraza-macrocycles form chelates of high thermodynamic and kinetic stability useful in diagnostic imaging (MRI, SPECT, PET), in coordination chemistry, and as catalysts. In this letter, we report an advantageous method to prepare these compounds via BH3-induced reduction of cyclic peptoids. Using this procedure, 10 homo- and heterosubstituted aza-coronands, with different sizes and side chains, have been synthesized from the corresponding cyclic oligoamides. Solid structures of free, protonated, and Na+coordinated polyaza-derivatives have been disclosed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Formation of stable porous frameworks based on cyclic peptoids can be triggered by strategic choice of appropriate side chains. In this contribution we demonstrate that substitution of distal propargyl side chains with methoxyethyl groups in a fully propargylated cyclic octamer peptoid (cyclo-(Npa)81) greatly improves the solid state stability inducing permanent one-dimensional porosity of the compound (cyclo-[(NPa)3(Nme)]22, Npa = N-(propargyl)glycine, Nme = N-(methoxyethyl)glycine). In both compounds the macrocycles align along the shortest cell axis to form tubes that are filled with guest molecules. In situ hydration and dehydration single crystal X-ray diffraction studies on compound 2demonstrated the improved stability of the host framework. Hirshfeld surface analysis and lattice energy calculations, also supported by energy frameworks analysis, clarified the determinant packing motifs in the studied compounds explaining the improved stability in terms of architectural robustness. Methoxyethyl side chains act as H-bond acceptor by tightening as wall ties the host framework, at a difference with propargyl side chains that provide CH−π interactions with similar energy, but along a less effective direction.

Peptoids are oligomers of N-substituted glycines with predictable folding and strong potentials as guest-binding receptor molecules. In this contribution, we investigate the structural features of a series of designed symmetric cyclic octamer peptoids (with methoxyethyl/propargyl side chains) as free hosts and reveal their morphologic changes in the presence of sodium and alkylammonium guests as tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate salts, reporting the first case of reversible adaptive switching between defined conformational states induced by cationic guests (Na+and benzylammonium ion) in the peptoid field. The reported results are based on 1H NMR data, theoretical models, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. They represent initial steps toward deciphering the unique conformational states of cyclic octamer peptoids as supramolecular hosts with the aim to fully disclose their functional and dynamic properties.

Head-to-tail cyclization of linear oligoamides containing 4-benzylaminomethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl acetic acid monomers afforded a novel class of “extended macrocyclic peptoids”. The identification of the conformation in solution for a cyclodimer and the X-ray crystal structure of a cyclic tetraamide are reported.