65 results on '"Schäfer, Markus"'
Search Results
2. Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Versus Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Locally Advanced Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in the European Multicenter ENSURE Study.
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Elliott, Jessie A., Klevebro, Fredrik, Mantziari, Styliani, Markar, Sheraz R., Goense, Lucas, Johar, Asif, Lagergren, Pernilla, Zaninotto, Giovanni, van Hillegersberg, Richard, van Berge Henegouwen, Mark I., Schäfer, Markus, Nilsson, Magnus, Hanna, George B., and Reynolds, John V.
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare clinicopathologic, oncologic, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) outcomes following neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) and chemotherapy (nCT) in the ENSURE international multicenter study. Background: nCT and nCRT are the standards of care for locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC) treated with curative intent. However, no published randomized controlled trial to date has demonstrated the superiority of either approach. Methods: ENSURE is an international multicenter study of consecutive patients undergoing surgery for LAEC (2009--2015) across 20 high-volume centers (NCT03461341). The primary outcome measure was overall survival (OS), secondary outcomes included histopathologic response, recurrence pattern, oncologic outcome, and HRQL in survivorship. Results: A total of 2211 patients were studied (48% nCT, 52% nCRT). pCR was observed in 4.9% and 14.7% (P<0.001), with R0 in 78.2% and 94.2% (P<0.001) post nCT and nCRT, respectively. Postoperative morbidity was equivalent, but in-hospital mortality was independently increased [hazard ratio (HR)=2.73, 95% CI: 1.43--5.21, P=0.002] following nCRT versus nCT. Probability of local recurrence was reduced (odds ratio=0.71, 95% CI: 0.54--0.93, P=0.012), and distant recurrence-free survival time reduced (HR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02--1.37, P=0.023) after nCRT versus nCT, with no difference in OS among all patients (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 0.98--1.25, P=0.113). On subgroup analysis, patients who underwent R0 resection following nCT as compared with nCRT had improved OS (median: 60.7 months, 95% CI: 49.5--71.8 vs 40.8 months, 95% CI: 42.8--53.4, P<0.001). Conclusions: In this European multicenter study, nCRT compared with nCT was associated with reduced probability of local recurrence but reduced distant recurrence-free survival for patients with LAEC, without differences in OS. These data support tailored patient-specific decisionmaking in the overall approach to achieving optimum outcomes in LAEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
3. Markiewitz, Antonia. Zwischen Information und Sensation. Zur Darstellung von Suizid und Suizidalität in deutschen Tageszeitungen.
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Schäfer, Markus
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
4. Impact of Variations in the Nursing Care Supply-Demand Ratio on Postoperative Outcomes and Costs.
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Agri, Fabio, Grass, Fabian, Kasmi, Sophie, Demartines, Nicolas, Schäfer, Markus, and Sauvain, Marc-Olivier
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- 2023
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5. An International Multicenter Study Exploring Whether Surveillance After Esophageal Cancer Surgery Impacts Oncological and Quality of Life Outcomes (ENSURE)
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Elliott, Jessie A., Markar, Sheraz R., Klevebro, Fredrik, Johar, Asif, Goense, Lucas, Lagergren, Pernilla, Zaninotto, Giovanni, van Hillegersberg, Richard, van Berge Henegouwen, Mark I., Nilsson, Magnus, Hanna, George B., Reynolds, John V., Van Veer, Hans, Depypere, Lieven, Coosemans, Willy, Nafteux, Philippe, Carroll, Paul, Allison, Frances, Darling, Gail, Findlay, John M, Everden, Serenydd, Maynard, Nicholas D, Ariyarathenam, Arun, Sanders, Grant, Jaunoo, Shameen, Singh, Pritam, Parsons, Simon, Saunders, John, Vohra, Ravinder, Sinha, Aaditya, HLTan, Benjamin, Whiting, John G, Boshier, Piers R, Phillips, Alexander W, Griffin, S Michael, Walker, Robert C, Underwood, Tim J, Piessen, Guillaume, Theisen, Jorg, Friess, Hans, Bruns, Christiane J, Schröder, Wolfgang, Collins, Chris G, McAnena, Oliver J, Rooney, Siobhan, Quinn, Aoife, Toale, Conor, Murphy, Thomas J, Ravi, Narayanasamy, Donohoe, Claire L, Scarpa, Marco, Bardini, Romeo, Degasperi, Silvia, Saadeh, Luca, Castoro, Carlo, Alfieri, Rita, Pinto, Eleonora, Mattara, Genny, Kalff, Marianne C, Gisbertz, Suzanne S, Van Berge Henegouwen, Mark I, van Hootegem, Sander JM, Lagarde, Sjoerd M, Wijnhoven, Bas PL, van Lanschot, J Jan B, Kingma, B Feike, Rurrda, Jelle P, van Hillegersberg, Richard, Kennedy, Raymond, Carey, P Declan, Prodehl, Leanne, Lamb, Peter J, Skipworth, Richard JE, Cero, Mariagiulia Dal, Pera, Manuel, Huang, Biying, Linder, Gustav, Sundbom, Magnus, Mantziari, Styliani, Schäfer, Markus, Allemann, Pierre, and Demartines, Nicolas
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- 2023
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6. Impact of Variations in the Nursing Care Supply-Demand Ratio on Postoperative Outcomes and Costs
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Agri, Fabio, Grass, Fabian, Kasmi, Sophie, Demartines, Nicolas, Schäfer, Markus, and Sauvain, Marc-Olivier
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- 2023
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7. Informiert = Geimpft? Das Informationsverhalten und die COVID-19-Impfentscheidung bei Studierenden
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Schäfer, Markus, Stark, Birgit, Werner, Antonia M., Mülder, Lina M., Reichel, Jennifer L., Heller, Sebastian, Schwab, Lisa, Rigotti, Thomas, Beutel, Manfred E., Simon, Perikles, Letzel, Stephan, and Dietz, Pavel
- Abstract
Eine zu geringe Impfbereitschaft zählt zu den größten globalen Gesundheitsgefahren und war in der COVID-19-Pandemie auch in Deutschland eine der großen Herausforderungen der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Die Identifikation potenzieller Einflussfaktoren auf das Impfverhalten ist deshalb für eine zielgruppengerechte Gesundheitskommunikation von großer Bedeutung. Studierende sind eine besonders wichtige Zielgruppe der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. Der Beitrag geht mit Hilfe einer Online-Befragung der Studierenden einer westdeutschen Universität (n= 1398) im Sommersemester 2021 den Fragen nach, inwieweit sich geimpfte und ungeimpfte Studierende mit hoher bzw. niedrigerer Impfintention hinsichtlich a) ihrer Medien- und Informationsnutzung und b) ihres Vertrauens in Medien und Informationsquellen in der COVID-19-Pandemie unterschieden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen z. T. deutliche Differenzen. Während geimpfte Studierende sich intensiver informierten und hierfür auch stärker auf klassische Medienangebote zurückgriifen, vertrauten insbesondere ungeimpfte Studierende mit niedrigerer Impfintention u. a. mehr auf alternative Nachrichtenseiten und Blogs.
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- 2023
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8. External validation of three lymph node ratio-based nomograms predicting survival using an international cohort of patients with resected pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Schneider, Michael, Labgaa, Ismail, Vrochides, Dionisios, Zerbi, Alessandro, Nappo, Gennaro, Perinel, Julie, Adham, Mustapha, van Roessel, Stijn, Besselink, Marc, Mieog, J. Sven D., Groen, Jesse V., Demartines, Nicolas, Schäfer, Markus, and Joliat, Gaëtan-Romain
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PANCREATIC duct ,NOMOGRAPHY (Mathematics) ,LYMPH nodes ,OVERALL survival ,SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) - Abstract
Lymph node ratio (LNR) is an important prognostic factor of survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to validate three LNR-based nomograms using an international cohort. Consecutive PDAC patients who underwent upfront pancreatoduodenectomy from six centers (Europe/USA) were collected (2000–2017). Patients with metastases, R2 resection, missing LNR data, and who died within 90 postoperative days were excluded. The updated Amsterdam nomogram, the nomogram by Pu et al., and the nomogram by Li et al. were selected. For the validation, calibration, discrimination capacity, and clinical utility were assessed. After exclusion of 176 patients, 1′113 patients were included. Median overall survival (OS) of the cohort was 23 months (95% CI: 21–25). For the three nomograms, Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant OS diminution with increasing scores (p < 0.01). All nomograms showed good calibration (non-significant Hosmer-Lemeshow tests). For the Amsterdam nomogram, area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for 3-year OS was 0.64 and 0.67 for 5-year OS. Sensitivity and specificity for 3-year OS prediction were 65% and 59%. Regarding the nomogram by Pu et al., AUROC for 3- and 5-year OS were 0.66 and 0.70. Sensitivity and specificity for 3-year OS prediction were 68% and 53%. For the Li nomogram, AUROC for 3- and 5-year OS were 0.67 and 0.71, while sensitivity and specificity for 3-year OS prediction were 63% and 60%. The three nomograms were validated using an international cohort. Those nomograms can be used in clinical practice to evaluate survival after pancreatoduodenectomy for PDAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. Surgical Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Followed by Curative Surgery in Patients With Esophageal Cancer: An Intergroup Phase III Trial of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK 75/08).
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von Holzen, Urs, Schmidt, Sven, Hayoz, Stefanie, Steffen, Thomas, Grieder, Felix, Bartsch, Detlef, Schnider, Annelies, Knoefel, Wolfram-Trudo, Piessen, Guillaume, Kettelhack, Christoph, Marti, Walter R., Schäfer, Markus, Függer, Reinhold, Köigsrainer, Alfred, Gloor, Beat, Furrer, Markus, Gérard, Marie-Aline, Hawle, Hanne, Walz, Martin K., and Alesina, Piero
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the impact of surgical technique in regard to morbidity and mortality after neoadjuvant treatment for esophageal cancer. Background: The SAKK trial 75/08 was a multicenter phase III trial (NCT01107639) comparing induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation and surgery in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Methods: Patients in the control arm received induction chemotherapy with cisplatin and docetaxel, followed by concomitant chemoradiation therapy with cisplatin, docetaxel, and 45Gy. In the experimental arm, the same regimen was used with addition of cetuximab. After completion of neoadjuvant treatment, patients underwent esophagectomy. The experimental arm received adjuvant cetuximab. Surgical outcomes and complications were prospectively recorded and analyzed. Results: Total of 259 patients underwent esophagectomy. Overall complication rate was 56% and reoperation rate was 15% with no difference in complication rates for transthoracic versus transhiatal resections (56% vs 54%, P = 0.77), nor for video assisted thoracic surgeries (VATS) versus open transthoracic resections (67% vs 55%, P = 0.32). There was a trend to higher overall complication rates in squamous cell carcinoma versus adenocarcinoma (65% vs 51%, P = 0.035), and a significant difference in ARDS in squamous cell carcinoma with 14% versus 2% in adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0002). For patients with involved lymph nodes, a lymph node ratio of ≥0.1 was an independent predictor of PFS (HR 2.5, P = 0.01) and OS (HR 2.2, P = 0.03). Conclusions: This trial showed no difference in surgical complication rates between transthoracic and transhiatal resections. For patients with involved lymph nodes, lymph node ratio was an independent predictor of progression free survival and overall survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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10. Surgical Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Followed by Curative Surgery in Patients With Esophageal Cancer
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von Holzen, Urs, Schmidt, Sven, Hayoz, Stefanie, Steffen, Thomas, Grieder, Felix, Bartsch, Detlef, Schnider, Annelies, Knoefel, Wolfram-Trudo, Piessen, Guillaume, Kettelhack, Christoph, Marti, Walter R., Schäfer, Markus, Függer, Reinhold, Köigsrainer, Alfred, Gloor, Beat, Furrer, Markus, Gérard, Marie-Aline, Hawle, Hanne, Walz, Martin K., Alesina, Piero, and Ruhstaller, Thomas
- Published
- 2022
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11. Die Darstellung der katholischen und evangelischen Kirche in der Tagesschau
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Thielmann, Hannah and Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
Der persönliche Bezug zur Institution Kirche hat in den vergangenen Jahren in der deutschen Bevölkerung und auch bei Journalisten kontinuierlich abgenommen. Gleichzeit bleiben die gesellschaftliche Bedeutung der katholischen und evangelischen Kirche sowie ihr gesetzlich geregeltes Verhältnis zum Rundfunk bestehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht mithilfe einer quantitativen Inhaltsanalyse von 514 Tagesschau-Beiträgen zu drei Messzeitpunkten (1998/99, 2008/09 und 2018/19) die Berichterstattung über die beiden großen christlichen Kirchen. Im Zentrum stehen dabei die Fragen, in welchen Kontexten bzw. bei welchen Ereignissen über Kirche im Zeitverlauf berichtet und wie positiv oder negativ sie in diesem Zusammenhang dargestellt wird. Es zeigt sich, dass sich die Relevanz der beiden Kirchen in der Tagesschauin den letzten 20 Jahren nicht verändert hat, dass allerdings die katholische Kirche gegenüber der evangelischen Kirche überrepräsentiert ist und signifikant negativer dargestellt wird. Über Ereignisse wird häufiger berichtet als über Stellungnahmen, und die Tendenz der Kirchen-Beiträge ist im Laufe der Jahre signifikant negativer geworden.
- Published
- 2021
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12. Endoscopic treatment of non-operable large post-surgical esophageal fistulas: retrospective analysis of a single tertiary center cohort
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Petruzzella, Sebastian, Romailler, Elodie, Greuter, Thomas, Oumrani, Sarra, Galasso, Domenico, Robert, Maxime, Mantziari, Styliani, Schäfer, Markus, and Godat, Sébastien
- Abstract
Anastomotic fistulas are a frequent and dreaded complication of esophagectomy. Endoscopic therapy using different techniques is now a well-established first line treatment option. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of such endoscopic treatments in patients not fit for surgical re-intervention and particularly in case of major tissue defects of more than 10 millimeters.
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- 2024
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13. „Letztendlich nur für Auflage“?
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Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
Copyright of Communicatio Socialis is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2020
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14. Machen Werther und Papageno im deutschen Journalismus Schule?
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Frehmann, Katharina and Schäfer, Markus
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Jedes Jahr sterben in Deutschland mehr als 9000 Menschen durch Suizid. Zu den wichtigsten Präventionsmaßnahmen zählt die Weltgesundheitsorganisation eine verantwortungsvolle Medienberichterstattung über Suizide. Hintergrund hierfür sind Erkenntnisse zum „Werther-“ bzw. „Papageno-Effekt“, wonach die Medienberichterstattung über Suizide zur Entstehung oder Verhinderung weiterer Suizide beitragen kann und vor allem die Art und Weise der Berichterstattung über die Richtung der Effekte entscheidet. Aus suizidpräventiver und medienethischer Sicht scheint es daher sinnvoll, dass Medienschaffende über die möglichen Konsequenzen ihrer Berichterstattung Bescheid wissen, um diese bei ihrem Handeln berücksichtigen zu können. In der Journalistenausbildung besteht grundsätzlich ausreichend Raum für die Vermittlung solcher Inhalte. Allerdings ist zum Stellenwert suizidrelevanter Medieneffekte in der deutschen Journalistenausbildung bislang wenig bekannt. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht mit Hilfe einer Telefonbefragung von Verantwortlichen zentraler Institutionen der außerredaktionellen Journalistenausbildung (n= 67), welche Rolle die Suizidberichterstattung im Allgemeinen und die Effekte im Speziellen in Deutschland spielen. Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass die Themen in vielen Bildungsangeboten bislang allenfalls unregelmäßig behandelt werden. Jedoch bestehen auf Seiten der Einrichtungen grundsätzlich Interesse und Offenheit, aber auch zusätzlicher Informationsbedarf, was in Zukunft genutzt bzw. thematisiert werden sollte.
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- 2021
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15. Model for Web-Application based Configuration of Modular Production Plants with automated PLC Line Control Code Generation.
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Schäfer, Markus, Moll, Patrick, Brocke, Lukas, Coutandin, Sven, and Fleischer, Jürgen
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The international competition leads manufacturers in high-wage countries to focus more on high-value products, which often come at the disadvantage of small batch sizes. To remain competitive, the plant engineering for should be time and cost effective. One approach to achieve this are modular production lines. In the presented contribution, a product orientated web- service for the configuration of a modular production plant investigated. The resulting model then is interpreted by a code generator to generate a PLC line control. The approach is validated with a plant of metal hybrid carbon fiber seat rests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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16. Essential role of the Pax5 C-terminal domain in controlling B cell commitment and development
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Gruenbacher, Sarah, Jaritz, Markus, Hill, Louisa, Schäfer, Markus, and Busslinger, Meinrad
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The B cell regulator Pax5 consists of multiple domains whose function we analyzed in vivo by deletion in Pax5. While B lymphopoiesis was minimally affected in mice with homozygous deletion of the octapeptide or partial homeodomain, both sequences were required for optimal B cell development. Deletion of the C-terminal regulatory domain 1 (CRD1) interfered with B cell development, while elimination of CRD2 modestly affected B-lymphopoiesis. Deletion of CRD1 and CRD2 arrested B cell development at an uncommitted pro-B cell stage. Most Pax5-regulated genes required CRD1 or both CRD1 and CRD2 for their activation or repression as these domains induced or eliminated open chromatin at Pax5-activated or Pax5-repressed genes, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that the activating function of CRD1 is mediated through interaction with the chromatin-remodeling BAF, H3K4-methylating Set1A-COMPASS, and H4K16-acetylating NSL complexes, while its repressing function depends on recruitment of the Sin3-HDAC and MiDAC complexes. These data provide novel molecular insight into how different Pax5 domains regulate gene expression to promote B cell commitment and development.
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- 2023
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17. Model for Web-Application based Configuration of Modular Production Plants with automated PLC Line Control Code Generation
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Schäfer, Markus, Moll, Patrick, Brocke, Lukas, Coutandin, Sven, and Fleischer, Jürgen
- Abstract
The international competition leads manufacturers in high-wage countries to focus more on high-value products, which often come at the disadvantage of small batch sizes. To remain competitive, the plant engineering for should be time and cost effective. One approach to achieve this are modular production lines. In the presented contribution, a product orientated web- service for the configuration of a modular production plant investigated. The resulting model then is interpreted by a code generator to generate a PLC line control. The approach is validated with a plant of metal hybrid carbon fiber seat rests.
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- 2019
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18. Plattformbasiertes Geschäfts-modell für rekonfigurierbare Produktionsanlagen im Leichtbau
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Moll, Patrick, Jacob, Alexander, Schäfer, Markus, Coutandin, Sven, Fleischer, Jürgen, and Lanza, Gisela
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Die Fertigung von Leichtbauprodukten in kleinen Stückzahlen stellt Anlagenbetreiber vor Herausforderungen. Um diesen zu begegnen, wird eine modular rekonfigurierbare Produktionsanlage vorgestellt. Ein durchgehender Engineering-Ansatz mit einheitlichen Modulbeschreibungen, einem nutzerfreundlichen Konfigurationstool und automatisierter Generierung des Steuerungscodes erlaubt eine Senkung des Inbetriebnahme- und Rekonfigurationsaufwands. Ein darauf fokussiertes plattformbasiertes Geschäftsmodell für Anlagenhersteller wird in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
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- 2018
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19. Construct Validity and Population-Based Norms of the German Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)
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Kunzler, Angela M., Chmitorz, Andrea, Bagusat, Christiana, Kaluza, Antonia J., Hoffmann, Isabell, Schäfer, Markus, Quiring, Oliver, Rigotti, Thomas, Kalisch, Raffael, Tüscher, Oliver, Franke, Andreas G., van Dick, Rolf, and Lieb, Klaus
- Abstract
Abstract.The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) measures the ability to recover from stress. To provide further evidence for construct validity of the German BRS and to determine population-based norms, a large sample (N= 1,128) representative of the German adult population completed a survey including the BRS and instruments measuring perceived stress and the resilience factors optimism, self-efficacy, and locus of control. Confirmatory factor analyses showed best model fit for a five-factor model differentiating the ability to recover from stress from the three resilience factors. On the basis of latent and manifest correlations, convergent and discriminant validity of the BRS were fair to good. Female sex, older age, lower weekly working time, higher perceived stress, lower optimism, and self-efficacy as well as higher external locus of control predicted lower BRS scores, that is, lower ability to recover from stress.
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- 2018
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20. Incidence and Risk Factors Related to Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolic Events After Esophagectomy for Cancer.
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Mantziari, Styliani, Gronnier, Caroline, Pasquer, Arnaud, Gagnière, Johan, Théreaux, Jérémie, Demartines, Nicolas, Schäfer, Markus, and Mariette, Christophe
- Abstract
Background Major oncologic surgery is associated with a high incidence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). However, the incidence and risk factors for symptomatic VTE during curative treatment for patients with esophageal cancer are poorly documented. Methods Data were collected from 30 European centers from 2000 to 2010. The incidence of in-hospital VTE was assessed in 2,944 patients with esophageal cancer having surgery with curative intent, and 50 clinically relevant parameters were assessed as potential risk factors for VTE. Patients received low molecular weight heparin prophylaxis during hospital stay and for 4 weeks after surgery. Results Eighty-four patients (2.9%) developed a symptomatic VTE; all of them had a DVT and 44 were also diagnosed with a PE. In the VTE group there were 19 postoperative deaths recorded, 5 of which (26.3%) were directly caused by PE at postoperative days 7, 10, 21, 45, and 48 despite VTE prophylaxis. In-hospital postoperative mortality was significantly higher in VTE patients (23% versus 7%, p < 0.001) and mean hospital stay was also longer in this group (33 ± 24 versus 25 ± 21 days, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class ( p = 0.008), pneumopathy ( p = 0.002), or an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ( p = 0.015) were significantly associated with VTE. Conclusions Patients with ASA class III or IV and those who present a postoperative pneumopathy or ARDS seem to be at higher risk for VTE. Thus, current VTE screening and thromboprophylaxis for these patients might be inadequate and needs further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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21. Use of the nutritional risk score by surgeons and nutritionists.
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Benoit, Michael, Grass, Fabian, Demartines, Nicolas, Coti-Bertrand, Pauline, Schäfer, Markus, and Hübner, Martin
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Summary Background The Nutritional Risk Score (NRS) is a validated tool to identify patients who should benefit of nutritional interventions. Nutritional screening however has not yet been widely adopted by surgeons. Furthermore, the question about reliability of nutritional assessment performed by surgeons is still unanswered. Methods Data was obtained from a recent randomised trial including 146 patients with an NRS ≥3 as assessed by the surgeons. Additional detailed nutritional assessment was performed for all patients by nutritional specialists and entered prospectively in a dedicated database. In this retrospective, surgeons' scoring of NRS and its components was compared to the assessment by nutritionists (considered as gold standard). Results Prospective NRS scores by surgeons and nutritionists were available for 141 patients (97%). Surgeons calculated a NRS of 7, 6, 5, 4 and 3 in 2, 8, 38, 21 and 72 patients respectively. Nutritionists calculated a NRS of 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2 in 8, 26, 47, 57, 3 patients, respectively. Surgeons' assessment was entirely correct in 56 patients (40%), while at least the final score was consistent in 63 patients (45%). Surgeons overrated the NRS in 21% of patients and underestimated the score in 29%. Evaluation of the nutritional status showed most of the discrepancies (54%). Conclusion Surgeon's assessment of nutritional status is modest at best. Close collaboration with nutritional specialists should be recommended in order to avoid misdiagnosis and under-treatment of patients at nutritional risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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22. Doping-Induced Universal Conductance Fluctuations in GaN Nanowires.
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Elm, Matthias T., Uredat, Patrick, Binder, Jan, Ostheim, Lars, Schäfer, Markus, Hille, Pascal, Müßener, Jan, Schörmann, Jörg, Eickhoff, Martin, and Klar, Peter J.
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- 2015
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23. Short-term outcomes after distal pancreatectomy: Laparotomy vs.laparoscopy – A single-center series
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Joliat, Gaëtan-Romain, Demartines, Nicolas, Halkic, Nermin, Petermann, David, and Schäfer, Markus
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Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy was introduced 15 years ago, but it is still not widely used. The aim of the study was to compare the postoperative complications and length of stay between open and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy.
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- 2017
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24. Preoperative hiatal hernia in esophageal adenocarcinoma; does it have an impact on patient outcomes?
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St-Amour, Pénélope, Mantziari, Styliani, Dromain, Clarisse, Winiker, Michael, Godat, Sebastien, Schoepfer, Alain, Demartines, Nicolas, and Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
The impact of hiatal hernia (HH) on oncologic outcomes of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of pre-existing HH (≥3 cm) on histologic response after neoadjuvant treatment (NAT), overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
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- 2023
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25. Reply to: Deep insight into lymph node metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Schneider, Michael, Demartines, Nicolas, Schäfer, Markus, and Joliat, Gaëtan-Romain
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LYMPHATIC metastasis ,PANCREATIC duct ,ADENOCARCINOMA - Published
- 2022
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26. Surgical Staplers.
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Fong, Yuman, Georgiev, Panco, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, Sarr, Michael G., Attigah, Nicolas, and Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
Stapling devices belong to the standard repertoire of modern gastrointestinal surgery, especially since the successful advent of minimally invasive surgery. Therefore, a thorough knowledge and safe handling of stapling devices need to be acquired early during surgical training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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27. Retractors and Principles of Exposure.
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Fong, Yuman, Georgiev, Panco, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, Sarr, Michael G., Gessmann, Tim, and Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
Adequate exposure of the target organ represents a laudable prerequisite of every successful operation. Therefore, it is worthwhile to be equipped with different retractors and to invest enough time intraoperatively to optimize exposure. Basic principles of exposure have recently been challenged by the advent of minimally invasive surgery. However, minimally invasive surgery has only changed the means of surgical access; the procedures performed at the target organs remain largely unchanged. In contrast to open surgery, exposure during laparoscopy is achieved predominantly by patient position and trocar placement. Retractor systems are less important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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28. Prediction of Complications After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
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Joliat, Gaëtan-Romain, Petermann, David, Demartines, Nicolas, and Schäfer, Markus
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- 2015
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29. Probing the Internal Electric Field in GaN/AlGaN NanowireHeterostructures.
- Author
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Müßener, Jan, Teubert, Jörg, Hille, Pascal, Schäfer, Markus, Schörmann, Jörg, de la Mata, Maria, Arbiol, Jordi, and Eickhoff, Martin
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Cost-effectiveness analysis of immune-modulating nutritional support for gastrointestinal cancer patients.
- Author
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Chevrou-Séverac, Hélène, Pinget, Christophe, Cerantola, Yannick, Demartines, Nicolas, Wasserfallen, Jean-Blaise, and Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
Summary: Background & aim: Immune-modulating nutritional formula containing arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotides has been demonstrated to decrease complications and length of stay in surgical patients. This study aims at assessing the impact of immune-modulating formula on hospital costs in gastrointestinal cancer surgical patients in Switzerland. Method: Based on a previously published meta-analysis, the relative risks of overall and infectious complications with immune-modulating versus standard nutrition formula were computed. Swiss hospital costs of patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery were retrieved. A method was developed to compute the patients' severity level, not taking into account the complications from the surgery. Incremental costs of complications were computed for both treatment groups, and sensitivity analyses were carried out. Results: Relative risk of complications with pre-, peri- and post-operative use of immune-modulating formula was 0.69 (95%CI 0.58–0.83), 0.62 (95%CI 0.53–0.73) and 0.73 (95%CI 0.35–0.96) respectively. The estimated average contribution of complications to the cost of stay was CHF 14,949 (€10,901) per patient (95%CI 10,712–19,186), independently of case's severity. Based on this cost, immune-modulating nutritional support decreased costs of hospital stay by CHF 1638 to CHF 2488 per patient (€1195–€1814). Net hospital savings were present for baseline complications rates as low as 5%. Conclusion: Immune-modulating nutritional solution is a cost-saving intervention in gastrointestinal cancer patients. The additional cost of immune-modulating formula are more than offset by savings associated with decreased treatment of complications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Entwicklung unter Strom
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Guidelines for perioperative care for pancreaticoduodenectomy: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society recommendations.
- Author
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Lassen, Kristoffer, Coolsen, Marielle M.E., Slim, Karem, Carli, Francesco, de Aguilar-Nascimento, José E., Schäfer, Markus, Parks, Rowan W., Fearon, Kenneth C.H., Lobo, Dileep N., Demartines, Nicolas, Braga, Marco, Ljungqvist, Olle, and Dejong, Cornelis H.C.
- Abstract
Summary: Background & aims: Protocols for enhanced recovery provide comprehensive and evidence-based guidelines for best perioperative care. Protocol implementation may reduce complication rates and enhance functional recovery and, as a result of this, also reduce length-of-stay in hospital. There is no comprehensive framework available for pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: An international working group constructed within the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS
® ) Society constructed a comprehensive and evidence-based framework for best perioperative care for pancreaticoduodenectomy patients. Data were retrieved from standard databases and personal archives. Evidence and recommendations were classified according to the GRADE system and reached through consensus in the group. The quality of evidence was rated “high”, “moderate”, “low” or “very low”. Recommendations were graded as “strong” or “weak”. Results: Comprehensive guidelines are presented. Available evidence is summarised and recommendations given for 27 care items. The quality of evidence varies substantially and further research is needed for many issues to improve the strength of evidence and grade of recommendations. Conclusions: The present evidence-based guidelines provide the necessary platform upon which to base a unified protocol for perioperative care for pancreaticoduodenectomy. A unified protocol allows for comparison between centres and across national borders. It facilitates multi-institutional prospective cohort registries and adequately powered randomised trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Guidelines for perioperative care for pancreaticoduodenectomy: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society recommendations.
- Author
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Lassen, Kristoffer, Coolsen, Marielle M.E., Slim, Karem, Carli, Francesco, de Aguilar-Nascimento, José E., Schäfer, Markus, Parks, Rowan W., Fearon, Kenneth C.H., Lobo, Dileep N., Demartines, Nicolas, Braga, Marco, Ljungqvist, Olle, and Dejong, Cornelis H.C.
- Abstract
Summary: Background & aims: Protocols for enhanced recovery provide comprehensive and evidence-based guidelines for best perioperative care. Protocol implementation may reduce complication rates and enhance functional recovery and, as a result of this, also reduce length-of-stay in hospital. There is no comprehensive framework available for pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: An international working group constructed within the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS
® ) Society constructed a comprehensive and evidence-based framework for best perioperative care for pancreaticoduodenectomy patients. Data were retrieved from standard databases and personal archives. Evidence and recommendations were classified according to the GRADE system and reached through consensus in the group. The quality of evidence was rated “high”, “moderate”, “low” or “very low”. Recommendations were graded as “strong” or “weak”. Results: Comprehensive guidelines are presented. Available evidence is summarised and recommendations given for 27 care items. The quality of evidence varies substantially and further research is needed for many issues to improve the strength of evidence and grade of recommendations. Conclusions: The present evidence-based guidelines provide the necessary platform upon which to base a unified protocol for perioperative care for pancreaticoduodenectomy. A unified protocol allows for comparison between centres and across national borders. It facilitates multi-institutional prospective cohort registries and adequately powered randomised trials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Redistribution of Gastric Blood Flow by Embolization of Gastric Arteries Before Esophagectomy.
- Author
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Diana, Michele, Hübner, Martin, Vuilleumier, Henri, Bize, Pierre, Denys, Alban, Demartines, Nicolas, and Schäfer, Markus
- Subjects
STOMACH blood-vessels ,THERAPEUTIC embolization ,BLOOD flow measurement ,ARTERIES ,ESOPHAGECTOMY ,SURGICAL anastomosis ,SPLENIC artery - Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leak remains a common and potentially deleterious complication after esophagectomy. Preoperative embolization of the left gastric artery and splenic artery (PAE) has been suggested to lower anastomotic leak rates. We present the results of our 5-year experience with this technique. Methods: All patients undergoing PAE before esophagectomy since introduction of this technique in 2004 were compared in a 1:2 matched-pair analysis with patients without PAE. Matching criteria were type of anastomosis, neoadjuvant treatment, comorbidity, and age. Data were derived from a retrospective chart review from 2000 to 2006 that was perpetuated as a prospective database up to date. Outcome measures were anastomotic leak, overall complications, and hospital stay. Results: Between 2000 and 2009, 102 patients underwent esophagectomy for cancer in our institution with an overall leak rate of 19% and a mortality of 8%. All 19 patients having PAE since 2004 were successfully matched 1:2 to 38 control patients without PAE; both groups were similar regarding demographics and operation characteristics. Two PAE (11%) and 8 control patients (21%) had an anastomotic leak, but the difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.469). Overall and major complication rates for PAE and control group were 89% versus 79% (p = 0.469) and 37% versus 34% (p = 1.000), respectively. Median intensive care unit and hospital stay were 3 versus 3 days (p = 1.000) and 22 versus 17 days (p = 0.321), respectively. Conclusions: In our experience, PAE has no significant impact on complications and anastomotic leak in particular after esophagectomy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The correlation of nutrition risk index, nutrition risk score, and bioimpedance analysis with postoperative complications in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.
- Author
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Schiesser, Marc, Kirchhoff, Philipp, Müller, Markus K., Schäfer, Markus, and Clavien, Pierre-Alain
- Subjects
NUTRITIONAL assessment ,HEALTH status indicators ,HEALTH risk assessment ,GASTROINTESTINAL surgery ,STATISTICAL correlation ,BIOELECTRIC impedance ,SURGICAL complications ,MALNUTRITION - Abstract
Background: Malnutrition in gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is associated with increased morbidity. Therefore, careful screening remains crucial to identify patients at risk for malnutrition and consequently postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of 3 established score systems to identify patients at risk of developing postoperative complications in GI surgery and to assess the correlation among the score systems. Methods: We evaluated prospectively 200 patients admitted for elective GI surgery using (1) nutrition risk index, (2) nutrition risk score, and (3) bioelectrical impedance analysis. Complications were assessed using a standardized complication classification. The findings of the score systems were correlated with the incidence and severity of complications. Parametric and nonparametric correlation analysis was performed among the different score systems. Results: All 3 score systems correlated significantly with the incidence and severity of postoperative complications and the duration of hospital stay. Using multiple regression analysis, only nutrition risk score and malignancy remained prognostic factors for the development of complications with odds ratios of 4.2 (P = .024) and 5.6 (P < .001), respectively. The correlation between nutrition risk score and nutrition risk index was only moderate (Pearson coefficient = 0.54). Bioelectrical impedance analysis displayed only weak to trivial correlation to the nutrition risk index (0.32) and nutrition risk score (0.19), respectively. Conclusion: The nutrition risk score, nutrition risk index, and bioimpedance analysis correlate with the incidence and severity of perioperative complications in GI surgery. The nutrition risk score was the best score in predicting patients who will develop complications in this study population. The correlation between the individual scores was only moderate, and therefore, they do not necessarily identify the same patients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Assessment of a novel screening score for nutritional risk in predicting complications in gastro-intestinal surgery.
- Author
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Schiesser, Marc, Müller, Sven, Kirchhoff, Philipp, Breitenstein, Stefan, Schäfer, Markus, and Clavien, Pierre-Alain
- Abstract
Summary: Background & aims: Malnutrition is a recognized risk factor for perioperative morbidity, but there is currently no standardized definition of malnutrition. The Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 score was recently proposed to identify patients at nutritional risk who may benefit from nutritional support therapy, and has been officially adopted by the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. The aim of this study was to assess the value of the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 score in predicting the incidence and severity of postoperative complications in gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 608 patients admitted for elective gastrointestinal surgery. Nutritional risk was defined by the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 score and correlated to the incidence and severity of postoperative complications. Complications were classified using an established surgical complication classification. Results: The overall incidence of nutritional risk was 14%. We observed a significantly higher complication rate of 40% (35 out of 87) in patients at nutritional risk, compared to 15% (81 out of 521) in patients with a normal score (p <0.001). The incidence of severe complications was significantly higher in patients at nutritional risk (54% versus 15%; p <0.001). The odds ratio to develop a complication was 2.8 in patients at risk (p =0.001), and 3.0 in patients with malignant disease (p <0.001). The median length of stay in nutritional risk patients was significantly longer (10 versus 4 days, p <0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of nutritional risk patients in gastrointestinal surgery is high. We showed that nutritional risk screening using the NRS 2002 strongly predicts the incidence and severity of complications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Increasing Efficiency of Naval Ships Using Multibeam Echo Sounders.
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus and Zwanzig, Christian
- Subjects
WARSHIP design & construction ,WARSHIPS ,EQUIPMENT & supplies - Abstract
The article reports the use of multibeam echo sounds to improve the efficiency of naval ships.
- Published
- 2017
38. Gibt es Hinweise auf einen „Enke-Effekt“? Die Presseberichterstattung über den Suizid von Robert Enke und die Entwicklung der Suizidzahlen in Deutschland
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus and Quiring, Oliver
- Abstract
Überlegungen, wie sich Medienberichte auf die Entwicklung der Suizidzahlen auswirken, haben eine lange Tradition. Die Existenz des sogenannten Werther-Effekts gilt inzwischen insbesondere für die Presseberichterstattung international als weithin bestätigt, wobei die Effekte bei Prominentensuiziden besonders ausgeprägt zu sein scheinen. In Deutschland hat der Suizid des Fußballers Robert Enke zuletzt großes öffentliches Aufsehen erregt. Der Beitrag untersucht mit einer quantitativen Inhaltsanalyse, die deutsche Presse bestehende Empfehlungen zur Suizidberichterstattung einhält. Er überprüft zugleich mögliche Veränderungen der Suizidzahlen anhand der Todesursachenstatistik der Statistischen Ämter. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die deutschen Printmedien viele der Empfehlungen in einem beträchtlichen Teil ihrer Suizidartikel nicht einhalten. Gleichzeitig ist im Zuge der Berichterstattung eine massive Zunahme der Suizide auszumachen. Auffällig ist dabei, dass Suizidenten verstärkt ähnliche Suizidmethoden wählen.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Fibrin Sealant for Mesh Fixation in Endoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Is There Enough Evidence for Its Routine Use?
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus, Vuilleumier, Henri, Di Mare, Luca, and Demartines, Nicolas
- Abstract
Fibrin sealing has recently evolved as a new technique for mesh fixation in endoscopic inguinal hernia repair. A comprehensive Medline search was carried out evaluating fibrin sealant for mesh fixation, and finally 12 studies were included (3 randomized trials, 3 nonrandomized trials, and 6 case series). The trials were assessed for operative time, seroma formation, recovery time, recurrence rate, and acute and chronic pain.There was a trend toward decreased operative times for fibrin sealing compared with mechanical stapling; however, the results for seroma formation remained contradictory. The most important finding was the reduced postoperative pain. Recovery times were lower after fibrin sealing and the recurrence rates showed no differences.Fibrin sealing for mesh fixation in the endoscopic inguinal hernia surgery is a promising alternative to mechanical stapling, which can be safely applied. As the overall quality of published data remains poor, further well-designed studies are needed until fibrin sealing can replace mechanical stapling as a new standard for mesh fixation.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Diagnostic Equivalence of an N-terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Point-of-Care Test to the Laboratory Method in Patients With Heart Failure and in Reference Populations
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus, Bröker, Hans-Joachim, Luchner, Andreas, Jungbauer, Carsten, Zugck, Christian, Mitrovic, Veselin, Willenbrock, Roland, Flieger, Robert R., Wittmer, Bret A., Graves, Mark W., Fluder, Kerstin, and Zerback, Rainer
- Abstract
Point-of-care assays allow to have analytical results available at the site of patient care delivery such as the emergency department or the intensive care unit.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Codon-Anticodon Interaction at the P Site Is a Prerequisite for tRNA Interaction with the Small Ribosomal Subunit*
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus A., Tastan, A. Özlem, Patzke, Sebastian, Blaha, Gregor, Spahn, Christian M.T., Wilson, Daniel N., and Nierhaus, Knud H.
- Abstract
The arrival of high resolution crystal structures for the ribosomal subunits opens a new phase of molecular analysis and asks for corresponding analyses of ribosomal function. Here we apply the phosphorothioate technique to dissect tRNA interactions with the ribosome. We demonstrate that a tRNA bound to the P site of non-programmed70 S ribosomes contacts predominantly the 50 S, as opposed to the 30 S subunit, indicating that codon-anticodon interaction at the P site is a prerequisite for 30 S binding. Protection patterns of tRNAs bound to isolated subunits and programmed70 S ribosomes were compared. The results suggest the presence of a movable domain in the large ribosomal subunit that carries tRNA and reveal that only ∼15% of a tRNA, namely residues 30 ± 1 to 43 ± 1, contact the 30 S subunit of programmed 70 S ribosomes, whereas the remaining 85% make contact with the 50 S subunit. Identical protection patterns of two distinct elongator tRNAs at the P site were identified as tRNA species-independent phosphate backbone contacts. The sites of protection correlate nicely with the predicted ribosomal-tRNA contacts deduced from a 5.5-Å crystal structure of a programmed 70 S ribosome, thus refining which ribosomal components are critical for tRNA fixation at the P site.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Biliary Tract Injuries during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Switzerland
- Author
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Krähenbühl, Lukas, Sclabas, Guido, Wente, Moritz N., Schäfer, Markus, Schlumpf, Rolf, and Büchler, Markus W.
- Abstract
Bile duct injury (BDI) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) which may result in patient disability or death are reported to occur more frequently when compared to open surgery. The aim of this nationwide prospective study beyond the laparoscopic learning curve was to analyze the incidence, risk factors, and management of major BDI. During a 3-year period (1995–1997) 130 items of all LC data were collected on a central computer system from 84 surgical institutions in Switzerland by the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery and evaluated for major BDIs. Simple biliary leakage was excluded from analysis. There were 12,111 patients with a mean age of 55 years (3–98 years) enrolled in the study. The overall BDI incidence was 0.3%, 0.18% for symptomatic gallstones, and 0.36% for acute cholecystitis. In cases of severe chronic cholecystitis with shrunken gallbladder, the incidence was as high as 3%. Morbidity and mortality rates were significantly increased in BDIs. BDI was recognized intraoperatively in 80.6%, in 64% of cases by help of intraoperative cholangiography. Immediate surgical repair was performed laparoscopically (suture or T-drainage) in 21%; in 79%, open repair (34% simple suture, 66% Roux-en-Y reconstruction) was needed. The BDI incidence did not decrease during the last 7 years. In 47%, BDIs were caused by experienced laparoscopic surgeons, perhaps because they tend to operate on more difficult patients. In conclusion, the incidence of major BDIs remains constant in Switzerland at a level of 0.3%, which is still higher when compared to open surgery. However, most cases are now detected intraoperatively and immediately repaired which ensures a good long-term outcome. For preventing such injuries, exact anatomical knowledge with its variants and a meticulous surgical dissecting technique especially in case of acute inflammation or shrunken gallbladder are mandatory.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Biliary Tract Injuries during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Switzerland
- Author
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Krähenbühl, Lukas, Sclabas, Guido, Wente, Moritz N., Schäfer, Markus, Schlumpf, Rolf, and Büchler, Markus W.
- Abstract
Bile duct injury (BDI) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) which may result in patient disability or death are reported to occur more frequently when compared to open surgery. The aim of this nationwide prospective study beyond the laparoscopic learning curve was to analyze the incidence, risk factors, and management of major BDI. During a 3-year period (1995–1997) 130 items of all LC data were collected on a central computer system from 84 surgical institutions in Switzerland by the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery and evaluated for major BDIs. Simple biliary leakage was excluded from analysis. There were 12,111 patients with a mean age of 55 years (3–98 years) enrolled in the study. The overall BDI incidence was 0.3%, 0.18% for symptomatic gallstones, and 0.36% for acute cholecystitis. In cases of severe chronic cholecystitis with shrunken gallbladder, the incidence was as high as 3%. Morbidity and mortality rates were significantly increased in BDIs. BDI was recognized intraoperatively in 80.6%, in 64% of cases by help of intraoperative cholangiography. Immediate surgical repair was performed laparoscopically (suture or T-drainage) in 21%; in 79%, open repair (34% simple suture, 66% Roux-en-Y reconstruction) was needed. The BDI incidence did not decrease during the last 7 years. In 47%, BDIs were caused by experienced laparoscopic surgeons, perhaps because they tend to operate on more difficult patients. In conclusion, the incidence of major BDIs remains constant in Switzerland at a level of 0.3%, which is still higher when compared to open surgery. However, most cases are now detected intraoperatively and immediately repaired which ensures a good long-term outcome. For preventing such injuries, exact anatomical knowledge with its variants and a meticulous surgical dissecting technique especially in case of acute inflammation or shrunken gallbladder are mandatory.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Composition of the Essential Oils from Flowers, Leaves and Stems of Grindelia robustaand G. squarrosa
- Author
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Schäfer, Markus and Schimmer, Oskar
- Abstract
AbstractThe essential oils from the aerial parts of Grindelia robustaand G. squarrosawere analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC and GS/MS. Forty-nine compounds were identified by MS and RT data, 11 compounds were identified by comparison of their MS or RT with data from the literature. 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,1,5,6-tetramethyl naphthalene was isolated by means of preparative HPLC and its structure was characterized on the basis of MS and NMR evidence. The total quantities of the oils obtained by hydrodistillation was about 0.1% of the dry weight (flowers). Leaves and stems of the Grindeliaspecies differed in their oil content. (Iso)-bornyl C - and C -ester were found to be characteristic components of the essential oil of G. squarrosa.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Switzerland: A Prospective Audit of 2,179 Cases
- Author
-
Schäfer, Markus, Krähenbühl, Lukas, Frei, Edgar, and Büchler, Markus W.
- Abstract
Background/Aims:Since its introduction in 1983, laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) has not replaced the conventional open procedure. The patient benefit seems limited to a decreased wound infection rate, and the overall morbidity and mortality rates remain equal to those of open appendectomy. Methods:The data (collected by the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery) from 2,179 patients undergoing LA at 84 surgical institutions in Switzerland between January 1995 and December 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. Results:More than 90% of all patients had no intra- or postoperative complications. However, perforated appendicitis was associated with more complications, in particular a threefold increased wound infection rate (9.2 vs 3.5%). Furthermore, the conversion and reoperation rates of perforated appendicitis were significantly increased compared to ’simple’ acute appendicitis (25.5 and 10.4% vs 4.8 and 2.1%, respectively). LA performed with a stapling device is superior to LA performed with loops, although the difference is not significant. Conclusion:Therefore, LA is a safe and effective procedure. The postoperative morbidity and mortality rates are comparable to those of open appendectomy, which is still the most commonly used procedure in Switzerland. The question of whether perforated appendicitis is better treated laparoscopically or by the open procedure cannot be answered with our data.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Rapid normalization of hepatic glycogen metabolism in rats with long-term bile duct ligation after biliodigestive anastomosis
- Author
-
Krähenbühl, Lukas, Hagenbuch, Bruno, Berardi, Simona, Schäfer, Markus, and Krähenbühl, Stephan
- Abstract
Background/Aims:Rats with chronic bile duct ligation have reduced hepatic glycogen stores and decreased activities of enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism. In the current studies, the reversibility of these changes following reversal of biliary obstruction by Roux-en-Y anastomosis (RY) was investigated.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The liver carnitine pool reflects alterations in hepatic fatty acid metabolism in rats with bile duct ligation before and after biliodigestive anastomosis
- Author
-
Wächter, Sandra, Krähenbühl, Lukas, Schäfer, Markus, and Krähenbühl, Stephan
- Abstract
Background/Aims:Rats with long-term bile duct ligation (BDL rats) have impaired hepatic fatty acid metabolism and alterations in carnitine homeostasis. Analysis of the carnitine tissue and body fluid pools was used as a tool to study hepatic fatty acid metabolism in BDL rats and after reversal of bile duct ligation by Roux-en-Y anastomosis for 5 (RY5) or 14 days (RY14).
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. New Tripodal N<INF>3</INF>S Ligands and Some Zinc Complexes Thereof
- Author
-
Burth, Rainer, Stange, Andreas, and Schäfer, Markus
- Abstract
Attachment of 2-pyridylmethyl units to cysteine amide and 2-mercaptobenzylamine leads to the new tripodal N
3 S ligands Nα-(4-methylbenzoyl)-L -cysteine-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amide (CBPA-H) and 2-mercaptobenzyl-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (MBPA-H). Their treatment with zinc halides yields the neutral complexes L · ZnHal (Hal = Cl, Br, I). With zinc perchlorate MBPA forms the ionic compound [L · Zn] ClO4 , presumed to be a thiolate bridged dimer. Structure determinations of MBPA · ZnHal (Hal = Cl, Br) have confirmed the tripodal nature of the ligand in the trigonal-bipyramidal complexes.- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Protection Patterns of tRNAs Do Not Change during Ribosomal Translocation*
- Author
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Dabrowski, Marylena, Spahn, Christian M.T., Schäfer, Markus A., Patzke, Sebastian, and Nierhaus, Knud H.
- Abstract
The translocation reaction of two tRNAs on the ribosome during elongation of the nascent peptide chain is one of the most puzzling reactions of protein biosynthesis. We show here that the ribosomal contact patterns of the two tRNAs at A and P sites, although strikingly different from each other, hardly change during the translocation reaction to the P and E sites, respectively. The results imply that the ribosomal micro-environment of the tRNAs remains the same before and after translocation and thus suggest that a movable ribosomal domain exists that tightly binds two tRNAs and carries them together with the mRNA during the translocation reaction from the A-P region to the P-E region. These findings lead to a new explanation for the translocation reaction.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Fatal Esophageal Perforation Caused by Invasive Candidiasis.
- Author
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Gock, Michael, Schäfer, Markus, Perren, Aurel, Demartines, Nicolas, and Clavien, Pierre-Alain
- Subjects
CANDIDIASIS ,CANDIDA ,MYCOSES ,OLDER women - Abstract
Instrumental lesions, spontaneous rupture, and trauma cause most esophageal perforations. Transmural fungal infection is extremely rare, although Candida may be detected in as many as 25% of normal esophagus. In this report we present a case of fatal esophageal perforation due to transmural Candida infection in a 76-year-old woman. The patient died from septic shock and multiorgan failure, despite esophageal resection and systemic antifungal therapy. Pathogenetic aspects and treatment strategies are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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