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ABSTRACTGiven that physical activity can improve health, the present study was conducted to affect education based on the theory of planned behavior on the promotion of physical activity and awareness in the prevention of diabetes in students. This parallel quasi-experimental study with two equal groups of intervention and control was carried out in three stages by multistage sampling method. Students who were physically ill or had absence were excluded from the study. Only the intervention group received the required intervention and the evaluation was done before, immediately after and 3 months after the intervention in both groups. The educational program was implemented in various forms such as oral, pamphlets, brain storming, group discussions, role play for behavior modeling, and written media such as posters, and exercise demonstrations. Data collection was performed in primary schools of Mashhad. The questionnaire was contained; demographic information, diabetes awareness, physical activity based on the theory of planned behavior and physical activity (IPAQ). Data analysis was done by SPSS-16 software using Fisher’s exact test, Chi-square, and marginal longitudinal models at the significance level of 0.05. The mean scores of knowledge (p < 0.001), subjective norm (p < 0.001), perceived behavior control (p = 0.015) and physical activity (p < 0.001) immediately after the intervention were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group and the differences were significant. Results of this study supported the effectiveness of education based on theory of planned behavior in the promotion of physical activity and knowledge of students regarding diabetes prevention.

Aim: The present research aimed to explore the level of physical activity among the employees of Melli Bank in Tehran in the light of the trans-theoretical model in 2018. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study followed a multi-stratified sampling method and selected 612 employees from Melli Bank in Tehran. The data collection instrument was a tripartite questionnaire, the reliability and validity of which was statistically tested and confirmed within this research. SPSS16 was used to statistically analyze the data through independent-samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. The significance level was set at p&lt; .05. Results: In this study, 532 male and 78 female participants were included. Two hundred and ninety-five participants (48.4%) had inadequate physical activity. From among 610 employees, 111 were at the pre-contemplation stage, 164 in contemplation, 160 in preparation, 65 in action, and 110 in maintenance stage. The foremost predictor of performing physical activity was found to be self-efficacy (r= .682, p&lt; .0001). Conclusion: As the results showed, self-efficacy played a major role in the rate of physical activity. To promote self-efficacy among employees, senior management of banks and related organizations such as physical education organization and universities need to support employees.

Background: Diseases induced by lifestyle account for a high rate of disabilities. Thus, the present research aimed to compare the lifestyles of women affected by blood hypertension and healthy women. Objective and Method: In this comparative study, 420 women referred to Bandar Abbas healthcare centers were selected through a mixed method (clustered and systematic randomized) and were divided into two groups including the healthy (n?=?210) and hypertension groups (n?=?210). The standardized Life-Style Questionnaire (LSQ) was used for data collection. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 19. Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (chi-square test, independent-samples t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient) statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The significance level was set at p? 0.05. The mean age of the hypertension group was 45.65?±?9.61 years old, while for the healthy group it was 44.68?±?8.70 years old. In the former group, the strongest correlation belonged to the mental health dimensions (r?=?0.709, p? 0.001) and spiritual health (r?=?0.660, p? 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that raising public awareness helps to recognize risk factors and correct lifestyles, and planning to educate people and instructing them on how to manage mental pressures can reduce the pressure induced by diseases such as hypertension.

ABSTRACTThe present research aims to systematically analyse Iranian university students’ awareness and attitude towards AIDS. We published human cross-sectional studies published in English and Persian between 1 January 1990 and 1 January 2018 in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase Ovid, Scopus, Web of Science. The key terms searched were Student, HIV, AIDS, Iran, Knowledge, and Attitude. The operators used were AND, NOT, OR which led us to find related articles. The overall findings showed that about 30% of university students had a reasonable awareness of AIDS and 44% had an attitude towards AIDS. As the results showed, 37% of the medical students and 23% of the non-medical group had a good awareness of AIDS. This study showed the fact that despite the susceptibility of university students to high-risk behaviours, this population does not enjoy an adequate level of AIDS preventive programmes.

ABSTRACTThis paper attempts to assess the knowledge and attitude on HIV/AIDS among school students of Iran. The following data sources were searched for eligible studies: Medline, Science Direct, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, ISC, Magiran, and Google Scholar from 1990 to the end of 2016. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the 22-item STROBE checklist. The highest level of awareness belonged to sharing clothes (93.15) and blood transfusion, respectively (86.31), while the lowest level of awareness was related to transmitting HIV from mother to child (42.05). The study identified a substantial gap in the knowledge, negative attitude towards HIV/AIDS and its transmission among Iranian school students. Accordingly, schools should be regarded as one of the main focuses of activities in the strategies of AIDS risk reduction, and education of school students about all aspects of HIV/AIDS has to be considered seriously by the education policymakers.

ABSTRACTThe present cross-sectional research was conducted on 245 adolescents selected through a multi-stratified sampling method. The data collection instrument was the risky behavior scale (YRBSS). The collected data were statistically analyzed via SPSS ver19. Such indices as mean, standard deviation, min and max scores were used as descriptive statistics. The present findings showed that 17 subjects (6.9%) had carried cold weapons with them at least once before; 22 subjects (15.17%) had experienced drug consumption (opium and hash) at least; 52 subjects (21.3%) consumed alcohol; 45 (out of 108) (41.66%) had sexual affairs with the opposite sex and 108 (44.1%) experienced smoking. Certain measures can be taken to prevent and reduce the rate of risky behaviors: closer and stronger family ties between parents and teenagers, emphasis on positive examples set by peers, establishment of moral values, provision of sport facilities and public welfare, special attention to the key role of schools.