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BACKGROUND There is growing empirical evidence supporting theories of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). However, the implications of DOHaD conjectures for aggregate population patterns of human disease, disability, mortality, and aging are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We empirically test two predictions derived from a formal model of aggregate population-level impacts of DOHaD. This model predicts that populations potentially influenced by delayed effects should experience singularities in their adult mortality patterns that can be empirically detected from aggregate data. METHODS We test predictions using a large mortality database for populations in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region, spanning nearly one hundred years of mortality history. RESULTS Results are consistent, within explicit bounds of uncertainty, with expected patterns. We find that younger cohorts in countries whose mortality decline starts more recently experience deceleration in survival gains at older ages, attenuation of the rate of aging at older ages, and a decline in the association between early childhood and adult mortality. CONCLUSIONS Results point to the importance of adverse early conditions for human longevity. Future research should shed light on the impact on morbidity, disability, and healthy life expectancy. CONTRIBUTION To our knowledge this is the first time that implications of DOHaD conjectures for populations' mortality patterns are formulated precisely and empirically tested with aggregate population data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Intermediate risk prostate cancer is a heterogenous classification with favorable proposed criteria based on men treated with radiation therapy. However, there is uncertain application to active surveillance. We quantified the rate of adverse surgical pathology and implications for survival in patients at favorable intermediate risk compared to those with low risk prostate cancer. Materials and Methods We performed a comparative cohort study of men with prostate cancer from 2009 to 2013 in the National Cancer Database who underwent radical prostatectomy. The study primary end point was adverse pathology, defined as Grade Group 3 or greater/pT3b/pN1. Various favorable intermediate risk definitions were evaluated, including the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center definition of Grade Group 2 or less with only 1 intermediate risk factor (Grade Group 2/cT2b/prostate specific antigen 10 to 20 ng/ml), which we defined as type 1 intermediate risk. The remaining patients at intermediate risk were classified as type 2 intermediate risk. Log binomial, logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied. Results Adverse pathological findings were noted in 3,519 of the 51,688 patients (6.8%) at low risk and 8,888 of the 42,720 Grade Group 2 patients (20.8%) at intermediate risk (RR 3.06, 95% CI 2.95–3.17, p <0.001). Stratification by prostate specific antigen and volume minimally impacted the absolute rate. Results were similar for the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center definition (type 1 intermediate risk). Type 2 intermediate risk led to a greater risk of adverse pathology (RR 8.52, 8.23–8.82, p <0.001) and Grade Group 1 intermediate risk led to lower risk (RR 2.00, 1.86–2.16, p <0.001). Patients at favorable intermediate risk had worse overall survival than patients at low risk in adjusted models due to adverse pathology. Conclusions Adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy was observed at a threefold higher rate in patients classified at favorable intermediate risk compared to low risk, leading to worse overall survival. Men at intermediate risk may be better classified as types 1 and 2 since none showed pathological outcomes similar to those of men at low risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two experiments were conducted to explore the animacy advantage in memory, which has shown that words for animate objects are more likely to be remembered than words for inanimate objects. In the first experiment, participants processed words for animate and inanimate objects either shallowly (i.e., by indicating whether each word contained an "e") or deeply (i.e., by rating the pleasantness of the items). In the second experiment, participants rated the relevance of the study items to either a moving scenario or to a grasslands survival scenario. As expected, in the first experiment the deep processing led to higher rates of recall, and in the second experiment the grasslands survival scenario led to higher rates of recall. In both experiments, animate words were recalled at a significantly higher rate than inanimate words regardless of processing condition. The data from these experiments provide more evidence for the animacy advantage in memory, which supports the adaptive memory view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a participatory paradigm study of domestic violence perpetrators treated within a Therapeutic Ritual Environment (TRE). The research problem of this study was, "What emotions and psychological structures involved in domestic violence seek out expression and acceptance by the larger community in efforts to heal by females who have perpetrated domestic violence?" The research hypothesis was that the utilization of expressive arts methodologies with female domestic violence perpetrators within a TRE would reveal shame related to unmet childhood attachment needs and a fight-oriented survival response. The study yielded multiple learnings; those most applicable to ritual studies are: 1) a therapeutic ritual environment (TRE) is a potentially effective method of helping female perpetrators to access, express, and transform affects related to domestic violence enactments, and 2) contrary to the hypothesis, fear of abandonment was the primary experience of domestic violence perpetrators just prior to the moment of violent enactment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents the design and development of emergency bag for school children. It have been noted that there is disaster awareness in most of us, as we saw and experienced several calamities occurred in the past few years. Several primary and secondary schools in the Philippines require their students to bring “Go-Bag “at the start of the semester and would be stored inside their classroom. “Go-Bag” is a term used for survival kit in which it contains items one would require to survive for the first seventy two hours when evacuating from a disaster. The kit is a portable kit that was designed and developed using Engineering Tools and Techniques with inclusion of Ergonomics Principles. An actual product which is the “Go-Bag” was developed and presented in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immobilization and prolonged bed rest can result in secondary complications that threaten survival chances of patients. Early mobilization can be achieved with a robotic tilt table that allows modulation of the external stimuli body inclination, passive robotic leg exercise, and functional electrical stimulation. However, due to the prevalence of cardiovascular instability in the patients, it may not be safe. A closed-loop biofeedback system with the external stimuli as inputs to control three relevant cardiovascular variables (i.e., heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures as outputs) would allow safe and early mobilization. To evaluate the feasibility of developing such a biofeedback system, we conducted a series of open-loop experiments with ten healthy subjects. Steady-state changes in the cardiovascular variables that were induced by the inputs (i.e., induced biosignal differences) were defined as gains of the system. Natural oscillations during these steady-state changes were considered as noise. We analyzed these features to test (1) whether the externally-induced changes are differentiable from natural oscillations and (2) whether the gains of the system are clinically relevant (i.e., >2.5 beats/min for heart rate, and >5 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressures). To this end, we compared signal differences (i.e., induced changes in the biosignals; the gains of the system) with noise (i.e., natural oscillations) from a statistical perspective. Results showed that (1) only the changes induced by body inclination were differentiable from natural oscillations, and (2) only change of the body inclination produced reliable clinically relevant changes, and this only held for heart rate and diastolic blood pressure but not systolic blood pressure. We conclude that it is feasible to utilize body inclination for the development of a biofeedback system to control either heart rate or diastolic blood pressure. However, such a system where only two of the three relevant cardiovascular variables can be controlled, and these not simultaneously, would have limited clinical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of surviving both her father's death and the legacy of his relationship to her.

After almost thirty years of experience in saving patients at impending death situations and having made numerous contributions on the field, the author herein provides a reasoned survival bio-energetic circuit based on a detailed methodological and functional analysis of the Main Channels [1.4.2 meridian and collateral theory] [0.0.16 meridian and collateral (study)] and the Wondrous Vessels (Qi jing ba mai) [1.4.24 eight extra meridians] participating in it. The area researched as well as the results obtained underwent strict evaluations, both as regards statistics and risk management standards, besides having been carefully supervised by the rules and parameters of traditional Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a rare malignancy that has been reported in young individuals, especially young women. Patients with PMBCL commonly receive rituximab induction. This single-institution study was designed to analyze the clinical benefits of rituximab induction and its impact on postinduction treatments (PITs), especially radiotherapy. Methods The benefits of rituximab induction were evaluated by complete response (CR), early treatment failure, relapse, and overall survival (OS) rates. The impact of the induction therapy on the adoption of PIT was evaluated by the proportion of patients who had received at the last follow up any PIT modality [i.e., radiotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)], radiotherapy alone, HSCT alone, or both modalities. Results Between 1999 and 2012, 48 PMBCL patients (29 men, 60%) were identified; they had a median age of 31 years. Twenty-eight patients received rituximab induction; of these, 23 (82%) patients also underwent fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) evaluation. Rituximab induction was significantly associated with higher rates of CR and OS, and lower rates of early treatment failure and relapse. Regarding PIT, patients with rituximab induction were more likely to receive radiotherapy alone [with rituximab induction (25%) vs. without rituximab induction (5%)], and patients with FDG-PET evaluation were similarly more likely to receive radiotherapy alone [with FDG-PET evaluation (28.6%) vs. without FDG-PET evaluation (0%)]. In multivariate analysis, age older than 60 years [hazard ratio (HR), 16.697; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.106–252.022; p = 0.042] and rituximab induction (HR, 0.089; 95% CI, 0.012–0.653; p = 0.017) were significantly associated with OS. Conclusion Rituximab improved the CR and OS rates of patients with PMBCL, but these improvements may be attributable to the increased use of radiotherapy (which may have also resulted from FDG-PET evaluation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author'sexperience of seeing his mother surviving a cancer diagnosis who went under number of chemotherapy.

In this article, the authors reflect upon how problem solving skills for life and careers can be built upon in the classroom. Particular focus is given to how this relates to art education. Topics examined include the relationship between problem solving skills and survival, how the design process can be taught to students of all ages and insights on how the authors generate ideas for teaching with their colleagues. Details relating to the study and teaching of landscape architecture are also discussed

Purpose: Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BAP1 occur in approximately 15% of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cases. Sequencing efforts demonstrated worse outcomes in patients with BAP1 mutated clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We investigated the clinicopathological significance and oncologic outcomes of BAP1 loss using a previously validated immunohistochemical assay. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry for BAP1 was performed on tissue microarray sections from 559 nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma cases treated with nephrectomy at multiple institutions. The association of BAP1 expression with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests. Survival was assessed by Cox regression analysis, which also identified independent predictors of time dependent outcomes. Results: At a median followup of 50 months (range 0 to 183) 86 of 483 patients (17.8%) experienced recurrence and 121 of 559 (21.6%) had died. BAP1 was negative in 82 of 559 tumors (14.7%). BAP1 loss was associated with adverse clinicopathological variables, including high Fuhrman grade (p <0.0001), advanced pT stage (p = 0.0021), sarcomatoid dedifferentiation (p = 0.0001) and necrosis (p <0.0001). Cox regression revealed that patients with BAP1 negative tumors had significantly worse disease-free survival (HR 2.9, 95% CI 1.8–4.7, p <0.0001) and overall survival (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–3.1, p = 0.0010) than patients with BAP1 positive tumors. Conclusions: Immunohistochemistry for BAP1 serves as a powerful marker to predict poor oncologic outcomes and adverse clinicopathological features in patients with nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. BAP1 assessment using immunohistochemistry on needle biopsy may benefit preoperative risk stratification and guide treatment planning in the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Background: The preoperative predictors of microvascular invasion (MVI) in multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are currently unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 266 patients who underwent potentially curative resection of multinodular HCC. MVI was diagnosed on pathological examination in 64 patients. Preoperative risk factors for MVI were identified and survival curves were analyzed. Results: Patients with MVI had significantly lower overall and recurrence-free survival rates than those without MVI (overall survival, 1 year: 86% vs. 71%, 3 years: 58% vs. 16%; recurrence-free survival, 1 year: 69% vs. 12%; 3 years: 48% vs. 12%; both P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level >400 μg/L (odds ratio [OR] = 3.732, P = 0.016), serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level >130 U/L (OR = 19.779, P < 0.001), total tumor diameter >8 cm (OR = 5.545, P = 0.010), and tumor number >3 (OR = 11.566, P = 0.007) were independent predictors of MVI. A scoring system was constructed, and the MVI rate was significantly higher in patients with a score of ≥3 than those with a score of <3 (64.1% vs. 10.9%, P < 0.001). Overall and recurrence-free survival rates were significantly lower in patients with a score of ≥3 (both P < 0.001). Conclusions: Serum AFP level >400 μg/L, serum GGT level >130 U/L, total tumor diameter >8 cm, and tumor number >3 were preoperative predictors of MVI in patients with multinodular HCC. In patients with a high risk of MVI and well-preserved liver function, anatomic resection may be worth considering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article analyzes the survival of blacks in the novel "Invisible Man" by Ralph Waldo Ellison. The novel tells the story of a young black American who became a member of an organization called the Brotherhood. The portrayal of the black-white relationships in the novel is described. In addition, the article discusses the novel's presentation of music as a medium to survive.

Information foraging and sense-making with heterogeneous information are context-dependent activities. Thus visual analytics tools to support these activities must incorporate context. But, context is a difficult concept to define, model, and represent. Creating and representing context in support of visually-enabled reasoning about complex problems with complex information is a complementary but different challenge than that addressed in context-aware computing. In the latter, the goal is automated system adaptation to meet user application needs such as location-based services where information about the location, the user, and user goals filters what gets presented on a small mobile device. In contrast, for visual analytics-enabled information foraging and sense-making, the user generally takes an active role in foraging for the contextual information needed to support sense-making in relation to some multifaceted problem. In this paper, we address the challenges of constructing and representing context within visual interfaces that support analytic reasoning in crisis management and humanitarian relief. The challenges stem from the diverse forms of information that can provide context and difficulty in defining and operationalizing context itself. Here, we focus on document foraging to support construction of geographic and historical context for facilitating monitoring and sense-making. Specifically, we present the concept of geo-historical context and outline an empirical assessment of both the concept and its implementation in the Context Discovery Application (CDA), a web-based tool that supports document foraging and sense-making. We also discuss the CDA’s transition into applied use for the United Nations to demonstrate the generality of underlying CDA concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses the subjects of violence and choreography of survival in the novel "The Kid" by Sapphire. Other topics include how the author interweaved the intertextuality of cultural sources of dance, literature and visual arts with social-political commentary in the novel, the violence of extreme marginalization, and sexual exploitation.

Copyright of Historia Contemporanea is the property of Historia Contemporania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resilience has been said to be a particular quality of former-refugee women, many of whom have experienced torture, violence and intimidation in their countries of origin, during flight across borders, in refugee camps or detention and during resettlement. This article asks whether resilience is a useful concept in the context of refugee women’s experiences of violence and whether there are any dangers associated with its use in this domain. It draws upon a series of interviews with 18 service providers in Victoria and South Australia to consider: the ways in which refugee women can be seen to be resilient; the significance of understanding resilience as a process rather than an individual trait; and, further, the importance of appreciating that the process of resilience can only materialize if responsibility for it is shared collectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 1970, research into women's responses to marital violence became much more intense than ever before. Academic literature emphasizes two explanatory perspectives: of the woman as passive victim and of the woman who uses strategies to protect herself. The main goals of this study were to explore the effectiveness of personal strategies that women use to survive violence, the factors that influence the recurrence of violence, and the demand for shelter and the role of shelters in the process of recovery and healing. We interviewed eight battered women, from rural areas, all of whom had taken refuge in shelters, some of them several time. We identified a number of psychopathological consequences of domestic violence against women. Regardless of the severity of the attacks, the assumption that women are passive in face of violence doesn't hold water. Women's effort to survive violence is often hampered by inefficient response of rural police and the apathy of the community at large. The study concludes with suggestions for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors propose the hypothesis that there exists an articulation between the anthropology of conflict and the anthropology of communication, opening an access to a new mode of understanding of a disorder inside a clan. The article highlights respectively the structures of sense (survival, solidarity, safety), the structures of control (domination, power, authority), the strategies of sociability (agreements, contacts, functions), and the strategies of otherness (competition, conflict), which allow to maintain the order of the clan Lungu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health determinants important to homeless persons living in Canada were identified in a five-stage study that used a sequential triangulation design. Beginning evidence of reliability and validity indicated that the McCormack Assessment Scale for the Health of Homeless Persons operationalized an internal structure of health that extended the scholarly understanding of the Determinants of Health Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers the insights of Suad Amiry regarding his new book "Murad Murad." It states that Amiry's book was published in Italian by Feltrinelli in July 2009. The book explores her journey with the illegal Palestinian worker Murad and his friends in 2007 as they try to cross the border into Israel for work. According to Amiry, she considered Murad as a hero for his Palestinian ways being a survivalist. It notes that the book emphasizes on the struggles of Palestinian workers in order to survive. Moreover, Amiry explains that she used fantasy and dream-like sequences in the book for she cannot give details of their journey in a straightforward manner. Meanwhile, an excerpt from the book "Murad Murad," by Suad Amiry is presented.

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the study regarding the relative importance of factors that affect the rate of range expansion or retreat of intertidal species. The analysis on the migration of species had concerned particularly the period of fast climate change. It adds that the evaluation of species migration can give hints on the future patterns of species distribution. The study uses the intertidal barnacle chthamalus montagui on the England south coast to test the hypotheses on the distribution behavior. The species border has always been linked to performance attributes such as reproduction, growth, and survival. It concludes that the decline of chthamalus montagui is due to recruitment limitation and not by adult performance.

The article examines the perceptions of being strong by African American mothers and the ways in which they enact this perceived strength while living and mothering with HIV/AIDS. The study shows that African American women with HIV/AIDS live complex lives and face a multiplicity of challenges. The women perceived themselves to be possessors of a character of strength that consisted of survival skills. This strength has enabled them to survive in less than optimal conditions.

Discusses the author's struggle and personal troubles with shyness and conformity. Use of shyness as a survival mechanism according to the Web site shyandfree.com; Reason behind the intimidation felt from men as compared to the intimidation felt from women; Influence of life experiences on shyness.

The article presents a study which focuses on the immense problems of sustainability. It is stated that sustainability is a qualitative condition which demonstrates the survival, the security and the well-being of the whole system such as local level, community and global level. It highlights the three problems including the problem of partial awareness of Western worldview, the problem of self-reference and the problem of self-delusion. It is indicated that the ideas and models presented in the study are offered as a sequence of propositions.

The article focuses on the place identity of women in Bacolor, Pampanga who were relocated due to the eruption of Mount Pinatubo and lahar flows. It says that the women of Bacolor have different levels of attachment and sense of belonging to the town in which survival is their mental preoccupation rather than nostalgia for a better life. It discusses five functions of place identity by Proshansky and colleagues including recognition, meaning and expressive-requirement.

The article focuses on the future of humanity. In order for humanity to survive, it must break out from the cycles of history into a new context and milieu. Utopia, as defined in the dictionary, is any place of ideal perfection and utopianism is an impracticable scheme of social regeneration. Science has proven that material success for all of humankind is possible.

The article explores the concepts of survival and awareness relating to creative communication. It is noted that while typical dictionary definitions offer little insight into its ramifications, A. O. Rorty, in his book "The Identities of Persons," deals with survival in terms of identity. Survival, according to the author, is, in part at least, the I continuing to exist. He suggests that being worthy of surviving may mean that the I has to do more than maintain, to continue to merely exist. The two kinds of awareness involved in communication, as cited by Gary Cronkhite, are given. Reports dealing with ways for individuals to generate self-awareness are also discussed.

The article focuses on the viewpoints of the Maori community on the importance of the social science research strategy in New Zealand. The Maori community workers viewed the strategic planning in the research system as a survival skill. The existence of Maori science and scientific knowledge in the society will help in maintaining the level of environmental sustainability of the country. The social science research is also important in addressing the social problems of the indigenous community in New Zealand.

The article highlights the recovery efforts of the people of Shreveport during the Great Depression. The conditions in the city when it was hit by the Great Depression are described, along with the collective belief among the residents. Courses of action taken to survive the situation are discussed, including decisions that led to innovation in transportation and improvements in education. Information is also provided on the Shreveport Goodwill Educational Campaign which aimed to emphasize the general conditions and optimistic views of Shreveport.

The article examines the usefulness of the Street Survival Skills Questionnaire in measuring the particular adaptive behavior of mentally retarded adults. The validity of the instrument is measured and supported by the correlations observed by the Public School Version of the Adaptive Behavior Scale and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. In addition, the findings suggest that adaptive behavior and intelligence are not inseparable constructs.