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El presente estudio pretende evaluar la utilidad de la elastosonografía por ondas de corte transversales (SWE) para la identificación de la sinovitis en pacientes con un historial de artritis dentro de un diagnóstico de una enfermedad reumatológica definida.

The influence of the film/substrate interface and the role of film thickness on the structural transition temperature for thin films of the asymmetric BTBT derivative 7-decyl-2-phenyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]-benzothiophene (Ph-BTBT-10) have been addressed by using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and synchrotron grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). Our data strongly suggest that the structural transformation from a single-layer phase to the thermodynamically stable bilayer structure develops from the bottom of the film to its surface. Contrary to observations in other organic semiconductor films, notably, the thinner the Ph-BTBT-10 film, the lower is the transition temperature. This unusual behavior is attributed to the ubiquitous presence of a bilayer at the substrate interface. The evolution over time of an ultrathin film with ≈3 nm nominal thickness (below the interfacial bilayer completion) shows that molecular diffusion and rearrangement at room temperature lead to the bilayer stacking within hours, a result that further supports the role of the bilayer interface on the structural transition from single-layer to bilayer structure. Our findings highlight that both aging and thermal annealing processes need to be optimized based on the specific thickness of the Ph-BTBT-10 film.

A localized conversion of aluminum into transparent aluminum oxide by droplet-scale anodization is demonstrated in this work. The anodized region can be contained and controlled on the basis of the electrowetting response of the droplet. A highly uniform and transparent anodized spot was achieved using an anodization voltage of 2 V for 10 min. We analyzed the chemical evolution during the formation of the transparent oxide layer using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which revealed the dynamic interplay between Al(OH), AlO(OH), and Al2O3formation and dissolution during the conversion process. The dominant presence of aluminum oxide/hydroxide on the transparent spot after anodization was observed. The morphological characteristics of the transparent oxide layer exhibited a reduction in surface roughness as anodization time increased. Additionally, the formation of randomly distributed nanopores was observed in the anodized samples. X-ray diffraction results revealed the amorphous nature of the produced transparent oxide layer. This droplet-scale anodization technique can be extended to other transparent metal oxides, providing an environmentally friendly and cost-effective fabrication route toward sustainable electronics and other related applications.

The association of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) is well-established but was not confirmed in the modern era and following post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy). We assessed GVHD/ GVL association in AML patients following HLA-matched SCT with standard calcineurin-based (n= 12,653, 57% with additional in-vivo T-cell depletion) or PTCy-based (n= 508) GVHD prophylaxis. Following standard prophylaxis, acute GVHD grade II-IV and III-IV, chronic GVHD, and extensive chronic GVHD rates were 23.8%, 7.5%, 37.0%, and 16.3%, respectively. Acute GVHD grade II and III-IV were associated with lower relapse [hazard-ratio (HR) 0.85, P= 0.002; HR 0.76, P= 0.003, respectively)], higher non-relapse mortality (NRM) (HR 1.5, P< 0.001; HR 6.21, P< 0.001) and lower overall survival (OS) (HR 1.49, P< 0.001; HR 6.1, P< 0.001). Extensive chronic GVHD predicted lower relapse (HR 0.69, P< 0.001), higher NRM (HR 2.83, P< 0.001), and lower OS (HR 2.74, P< 0.001). Following PTCy, GVHD rates were 22.8%, 6.2%, 35.5%, and 17.7%, respectively. Acute GVHD was not associated with relapse (HR 1.37, P= 0.15) but predicted higher NRM (HR 3.34, P< 0.001) and lower OS (HR 1.92, P= 0.001). Chronic GVHD was not prognostic for these outcomes. In conclusion, GVHD and GVL are strongly associated with contemporary SCT. However, following PTCy, GVHD is not associated with reduced relapse.

•The utilization of mathematical models was assessed to optimize C-phycocyanin (C-PC) production employing a thermotolerant strain of Potamosiphonsp., focusing on overcoming nutrient limitations and enhancing process efficiency.•C-PC production exhibited critical dependence on optimal phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, underscoring the importance of adjusting the nutrient feeding rates to maximize conversion and yield.•The Tessier model was identified as the most suitable for accurate prediction and optimization of operational conditions, achieving growth rates of 1.23 g/L and a C-PC concentration of 37 mg/L, which is essential for industrial applications.

We previously described a protocol for genome engineering of mammalian cultured cells with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 9 (CRISPR–Cas9) to generate homozygous knock-ins of fluorescent tags into endogenous genes. Here we are updating this former protocol to reflect major improvements in the workflow regarding efficiency and throughput. In brief, we have improved our method by combining high-efficiency electroporation of optimized CRISPR–Cas9 reagents, screening of single cell-derived clones by automated bright-field and fluorescence imaging, rapidly assessing the number of tagged alleles and potential off-targets using digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and automated data analysis. Compared with the original protocol, our current procedure (1) substantially increases the efficiency of tag integration, (2) automates the identification of clones derived from single cells with correct subcellular localization of the tagged protein and (3) provides a quantitative and high throughput assay to measure the number of on- and off-target integrations with digital PCR. The increased efficiency of the new procedure reduces the number of clones that need to be analyzed in-depth by more than tenfold and yields to more than 26% of homozygous clones in polyploid cancer cell lines in a single genome engineering round. Overall, we were able to dramatically reduce the hands-on time from 30 d to 10 d during the overall ~10 week procedure, allowing a single person to process up to five genes in parallel, assuming that validated reagents—for example, PCR primers, digital PCR assays and western blot antibodies—are available.

La rinosinusitis crónica con pólipos nasales (RSCcPN) se caracteriza por obstrucción nasal, disminución del sentido del olfato, rinorrea y dolor facial durante más de 12 semanas, afectando significativamente la calidad de vida (CdV), especialmente en pacientes con enfermedad respiratoria exacerbada por AINE (EREA). El tratamiento inicial comprende corticoides intranasales y lavados nasales, seguidos por corticoides sistémicos (CS) en casos severos, así como cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal (CENS) y fármacos biológicos. Mepolizumab, un anticuerpo monoclonal contra la IL-5, ha demostrado reducir la inflamación eosinofílica en RSCcPN. Este estudio evalúa la mejora en la calidad de vida de pacientes con RSCcPN tratados con mepolizumab antes de diciembre de 2023, registrado por el grupo RINOSUR.

This article reviews nonpharmacologic treatment modalities for cardiovascular disease and the associated pathophysiology. Therapy modalities highlighted include physical exercise, nutrition, stress reduction, and sleep optimization. Additionally, the article addresses specific care of ethnic and special populations and barriers to care and social determinants of health.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare and aggressive type of lymphoma that can affect the kidneys. The disease can lead to kidney impairment, and glomerulonephritis (GN) is a rare but serious complication of MCL. We report a case of MCL with kidney interstitial infiltration and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. A 75-year-old man presented recurrent acute kidney failure and worsening of nephrotic syndrome. Kidney biopsy revealed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis presented immunoglobulin and complement deposition, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis of not otherwise specified type, and infiltration by mantle cell lymphoma. Bone marrow biopsy and PET/CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with R-CHOP21 chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide dose adjustment for nephroprotection. He achieved complete remission with normalization of hematological parameters, improvement of kidney function, and reduction of proteinuria and albuminuria. This case shows the importance of considering alternative diagnoses in patients with recurrent chronic kidney disease and worsening nephrotic syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment of mantle cell lymphoma can lead to favorable outcomes.

Mangroves are coastal environments that provide resources for adjacent ecosystems due to their high productivity, organic matter decomposition, and carbon cycling by microbial communities in sediments. Since the industrial revolution, the increase of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) released due to fossil fuel burning led to many environmental abnormalities such as an increase in average temperature and ocean acidification. Based on the hypothesis that climate change modifies the microbial diversity associated with decaying organic matter in mangrove sediments, this study aimed to evaluate the microbial diversity under simulated climate change conditions during the litter decomposition process and the emission of GHG. Thus, microcosms containing organic matter from the three main plant species found in mangroves throughout the State of São Paulo, Brazil (Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa, and Avicennia schaueriana) were incubated simulating climate changes (increase in temperature and pH). The decay rate was higher in the first seven days of incubation, but the differences between the simulated treatments were minor. GHG fluxes were higher in the first ten days and higher in samples under increased temperature. The variation in time resulted in substantial impacts on α-diversity and community composition, initially with a greater abundance of Gammaproteobacteria for all plant species despite the climate conditions variations. The PCoA analysis reveals the chronological sequence in β-diversity, indicating the increase of Deltaproteobacteria at the end of the process. The GHG emission varied in function of the organic matter source with an increase due to the elevated temperature, concurrent with the rise in the Deltaproteobacteria population. Thus, these results indicate that under the expected climate change scenario for the end of the century, the decomposition rate and GHG emissions will be potentially higher, leading to a harmful feedback loop of GHG production. This process can happen independently of an impact on the bacterial community structure due to these changes.

•Daratumumab plus chemotherapy may effectively bridge children and young adults with relapsed/refractory T-cell ALL/LL to HSCT.•No new safety concerns were identified with daratumumab treatment in children and young adults with B-cell ALL or T-cell ALL/LL.

We report a simple, effective, and universal lattice reconstruction approach to improve the quality of perovskite films by using nonpolar solvents with high Gutmann donor numbers (DNs). We find that high-DN nonpolar solvents, for instance, ethyl acetate, can interact with perovskite precursors. Such a solvent can make the perovskite lattice more ordered and “harder” and promote the formation of heterostructures with low-dimensional perovskite impurities and residual solvent molecules. As a result, the lattice-reconstructed perovskite films exhibit reduced defect densities and suppressed ion migration. The resultant mixed-halide blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) show greatly enhanced tolerance to high driving current densities and voltages, demonstrating high brightness, outstanding color stability and low efficiency roll-off. Our work provides a deep understanding of the interactions between nonpolar solvents and perovskites and offers useful guidelines for further development of high-power PeLEDs.

Temporal ordering of cellular events offers fundamental insights into biological phenomena. Although this is traditionally achieved through continuous direct observations1,2, an alternative solution leverages irreversible genetic changes, such as naturally occurring mutations, to create indelible marks that enables retrospective temporal ordering3–5. Using a multipurpose, single-cell CRISPR platform, we developed a molecular clock approach to record the timing of cellular events and clonality in vivo, with incorporation of cell state and lineage information. Using this approach, we uncovered precise timing of tissue-specific cell expansion during mouse embryonic development, unconventional developmental relationships between cell types and new epithelial progenitor states by their unique genetic histories. Analysis of mouse adenomas, coupled to multiomic and single-cell profiling of human precancers, with clonal analysis of 418 human polyps, demonstrated the occurrence of polyclonal initiation in 15–30% of colonic precancers, showing their origins from multiple normal founders. Our study presents a multimodal framework that lays the foundation for in vivo recording, integrating synthetic or natural indelible genetic changes with single-cell analyses, to explore the origins and timing of development and tumorigenesis in mammalian systems.

We demonstrate an original and simple route to synthesize oligosaccharides-based Janus-type bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) with the combination of anionic polymerization, ring-opening metathesis polymerization, and click chemistry techniques following grafting-through and grafting-to approach. These Janus-type BBCPs having different molecular weights of side chains and backbone lengths undergo phase-segregation under conventional solvent vapor annealing (SVA) for 14–60 h or high temperature solvent vapor annealing (HTSVA) using μ-wave energy for 1 min, into long-range order sub-5 nm (half-pitch) periodic nanodomains in their thin films. This simple strategy could be used for large-scale production of Janus-type BBCPs, and side chains on either side of BBCPs could be replaced by a variety of other polymer systems. By replacing the oligosaccharides branches by other polymer systems like polylactide, polycaprolactone, or poly(ethylene oxide), we could further simplify this approach and reduce the number of steps (2 or 3) to reach the final product, i.e., from synthesis of macromonomer to final Janus-type BBCPs. It is noteworthy that it is the first report on achieving sub-5 nm nanofeatures in thin films using Janus-type BBCPs.

Predicting the interfacial properties of peptides is important for replacing oil-derived surfactants in cosmetics, oil, and agricultural applications. This work validated experimentally the estimations of surface tension at the critical micelle concentration (STCMC) of six peptides performed through a random forest (RF) model in a previous contribution. In silico interfacial tensions of the peptides were obtained in the system decane–water, and dilational experiments were applied to elucidate the foaming potential. The RF model accurately classified the peptides into high and low potential to reduce the STCMC. The simulations at the decane–water interface correctly identified peptides with high, intermediate, and low interfacial properties, and the dilational rheology allowed the estimation of the possible potential of three peptides to produce foams. This study sets the basis for identifying surface-active peptides, but future work is necessary to improve the estimations and the correlation between dilational properties and foam stabilization.

Accurate navigation and control of aerial vehicles necessitate precise estimations of both position and attitude. Measuring an aircraft's rotation entails comparing vectors in distinct reference frames, typically involving inertial and body axes. Traditionally, a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) sensor-based matrix, comprising a minimum of three sensors, is employed for this purpose, leveraging carrier phase measurements. Nevertheless, challenges, such as multipath interference, frequency lock loss, cycle slips, and significant clock drifts, can impede the accurate resolution of integer ambiguities. To tackle these issues, a neural network-based approach has been developed to enhance the management of extensive data and bolster the reliability of carrier phase ambiguity resolution. By harnessing carrier phase differences and pseudorange information, diverse neural network configurations can be trained to resolve ambiguities and estimate the precise attitude of the GNSS sensor matrix. This solution can be deployed either in isolation or in conjunction with other attitude sensors, such as gyroscopic data, to enhance overall accuracy.

Health literacy is the ability to find, understand, and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and actions. Inadequate health literacy is associated with health disparities, poor health outcomes, and increased emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations. Children with medical complexity (CMC) have high rates of acute health care utilization. We examined the association of parental health literacy with acute care utilization and costs in CMC.This cross-sectional study included parents of CMC receiving primary care at a free-standing children’s hospital. We measured parental health literacy using the Single Item Literacy Screener, which measures the assistance needed to read health care materials. Our main predictor was parental health literacy, categorized as adequate versus inadequate. In a sensitivity analysis, we categorized health literacy as never needing assistance versus needing any assistance. Main outcomes were annual ED visits, hospitalizations, and associated costs.Of the 236 parents of CMC, 5.5% had inadequate health literacy. Health literacy was not associated with acute care utilization or associated costs. In our sensitivity analysis, CMC whose parents need any assistance to read health care materials had 188% higher ED costs (adjusted rate ratio 2.88 [95% confidence interval: 1.63–5.07]) and 126% higher hospitalization costs (adjusted rate ratio 2.26 [95% confidence interval: 1.49–3.44]), compared with CMC whose parents never need assistance.Inadequate parental health literacy was not associated with acute care utilization. However, CMC of parents needing any assistance to read health materials had higher ED and hospitalization costs. Further multicenter studies are needed.