332 results on '"Rosenqvist, A."'
Search Results
2. Tuning the Solubility of Soluble Support Constructs in Liquid Phase Oligonucleotide Synthesis
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Rosenqvist, Petja, Saari, Verneri, Ora, Mikko, Molina, Alejandro Gimenez, Horvath, Andras, and Virta, Pasi
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Solubility of the growing oligonucleotide-soluble support constructs in the liquid phase oligonucleotide synthesis (LPOS) is a critical parameter, which affects coupling efficiency, purity, and recovery of the growing oligonucleotides during the chain elongation. In the present study, oligonucleotides have been assembled on a 4-oxoheptanedioic acid (OHDA) linker-derived tetrapodal soluble support using 5′-O-(2-methoxyprop-2-yl)-protected 2′-deoxyribonucleotide phosphoroamidite building blocks with different nucleobase protecting groups [isobutyryl (Gua), 1-butylpyrrolidin-2-ylidene (Gua, Cyt), 2,4-dimethylbenzoyl (Ade, Cyt), and Bz (Thy)]. The solubility of the oligonucleotide-soluble support constructs (molecular mass varying between 3 and 10 kDa) as models of protected tetra-, octa-, dodeca-, hexadeca-, and eicosa-nucleotides was measured in different solvent systems and in potential antisolvents. By tuning the nucleobase protecting group scheme, the solubility can be improved in aprotic organic solvent systems, while the recovery of the constructs in the precipitation, used for the isolation and purification of the growing oligonucleotide intermediates in a protic antisolvent (2-propanol), remained near quantitative. The precipitation-based yield of the protected tetrapodal oligonucleotides varied from a quantitative to 90% yield. Overall yield (for di-: 95%, tri-: 79–96%, tetra-: 82–88%, and pentanucleotides: 68–75%) and purity of the LPOS were evaluated by RP HPLC and MS-spectroscopy of the released oligonucleotide aliquots. In addition, the orthogonality of the OHDA linker was applied to release authentic protected nucleotides from the soluble supports.
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- 2024
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3. Prehospital tirofiban increases the rate of disrupted myocardial infarction in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the On-TIME 2 trial
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Rikken, Sem A O F, Fabris, Enrico, Rosenqvist, Tobias, Giannitsis, Evangelos, ten Berg, Jurriën M, Hamm, Christian, and van ‘t Hof, Arnoud
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Graphical Abstract
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- 2024
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4. Stereo-Controlled Liquid Phase Synthesis of Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides on a Soluble Support.
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Rosenqvist, Petja, Saari, Verneri, Pajuniemi, Ella, Gimenez Molina, Alejandro, Ora, Mikko, Horvath, Andras, and Virta, Pasi
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- 2023
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5. Pseudouridine-Modifying Enzymes SapB and SapH Control Entry into the Pseudouridimycin Biosynthetic Pathway.
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Artukka, Erika, Schnell, Robert, Palmu, Kaisa, Rosenqvist, Petja, Szodorai, Edit, Niemi, Jarmo, Virta, Pasi, Schneider, Gunter, and Metsä-Ketelä, Mikko
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- 2023
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6. Stereo-Controlled Liquid Phase Synthesis of Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides on a Soluble Support
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Rosenqvist, Petja, Saari, Verneri, Pajuniemi, Ella, Gimenez Molina, Alejandro, Ora, Mikko, Horvath, Andras, and Virta, Pasi
- Abstract
5′-O-(2-Methoxyisopropyl) (MIP)-protected 2′-deoxynucleosides as chiral P(V)-building blocks, based on the limonene-derived oxathiaphospholane sulfide, were synthesized and used for the assembly of di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide phosphorothioates on a tetrapodal pentaerythritol-derived soluble support. The synthesis cycle consisted of two reactions and two precipitations: (1) the coupling under basic conditions, followed by neutralization and precipitation and (2) an acid catalyzed 5′-O-deacetalization, followed by neutralization and precipitation. The simple P(V) chemistry together with the facile 5′-O-MIP deprotection proved efficient in the liquid phase oligonucleotide synthesis (LPOS). Ammonolysis released nearly homogeneous Rp or Sp phosphorothioate diastereomers in ca. 80% yield/synthesis cycle.
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- 2023
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7. Sex Differences in Mental Health Problems and Psychiatric Hospitalization in Autistic Young Adults.
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Martini, Miriam I., Kuja-Halkola, Ralf, Butwicka, Agnieszka, Du Rietz, Ebba, D'Onofrio, Brian M., Happé, Francesca, Kanina, Aleksandra, Larsson, Henrik, Lundström, Sebastian, Martin, Joanna, Rosenqvist, Mina A., Lichtenstein, Paul, and Taylor, Mark J.
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MENTAL illness ,YOUNG adults ,PSYCHIATRIC hospital care ,ANXIETY disorders ,MENTAL health services ,AUTISTIC children - Abstract
Importance: Psychiatric disorders are common among autistic children and adults. Little is known about sex differences in psychiatric disorders and hospitalization in early adulthood.Objective: To examine sex differences in psychiatric diagnoses and hospitalizations in autistic compared with nonautistic young adults.Design, Setting, and Participants: This population-based cohort study assessed all individuals born in Sweden between 1985 and 1997. A total of 1 335 753 individuals, including 20 841 autistic individuals (7129 [34.2%] female individuals), were followed up from age 16 through 24 years between 2001 and 2013. Analysis took place between June 2021 and August 2022.Exposures: Autism was defined as having received at least 1 clinical diagnosis of autism based on the International Classification of Diseases.Main Outcomes and Measures: The cumulative incidence of 11 psychiatric diagnoses up until age 25 years was estimated, and birth year-standardized risk difference was used to compare autistic female and male individuals directly. Sex-specific birth year-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated using Cox regression. Analyses were repeated for inpatient diagnoses to assess psychiatric hospitalization.Results: Of 1 335 753 individuals included in this study, 650 314 (48.7%) were assigned female at birth. Autism was clinically diagnosed in 20 841 individuals (1.6%; 7129 [34.2%] female) with a mean (SD) age of 16.1 (5.1) years (17.0 [4.8] years in female individuals and 15.7 [5.2] years in male individuals) for the first recorded autism diagnosis. For most disorders, autistic female individuals were at higher risk for psychiatric diagnoses and hospitalizations. By age 25 years, 77 of 100 autistic female individuals and 62 of 100 autistic male individuals received at least 1 psychiatric diagnosis. Statistically significant standardized risk differences were observed between autistic female and male individuals for any psychiatric disorder (-0.18; 95% CI, -0.26 to -0.10) and specifically for anxiety, depressive, and sleep disorders. Risk differences were larger among autistic than nonautistic individuals. Compared with nonautistic same-sex individuals, autistic female individuals (HR range [95% CI], 3.17 [2.50-4.04.]-20.78 [18.48-23.37]) and male individuals (HR range [95% CI], 2.98 [2.75-3.23]-18.52 [17.07-20.08]) were both at increased risk for all psychiatric diagnoses. Any psychiatric hospitalization was statistically significantly more common in autistic female individuals (32 of 100) compared with autistic male individuals (19 of 100). However, both autistic female and male individuals had a higher relative risk for psychiatric hospitalization compared with nonautistic female and male individuals for all disorders (female individuals: HR range [95% CI], 5.55 [4.63-6.66]-26.30 [21.50-32.16]; male individuals: HR range [95% CI], 3.79 [3.22-4.45]-29.36 [24.04-35.87]).Conclusions and Relevance: These findings highlight the need for profound mental health services among autistic young adults. Autistic female individuals, who experience more psychiatric difficulties at different levels of care, require increased clinical surveillance and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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8. Environmental Transformations Enhancing Dignity in an Acute Psychiatric Ward: Outcome of a User-Driven Service Design Project
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Faerden, Ann, Rosenqvist, Christine, Håkansson, Mats, Strøm-Gundersen, Eline, Stav, Åshild, Svartsund, Jan, Røssæg, Trude, Davik, Nils, Kvarstein, Elfrida, Pedersen, Geir, Dieset, Ingrid, Nyrud, Anders Q., Weedon-Fekjær, Harald, and Kistorp, Kaja Misvær
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Objectives: The goal of the current project was to enhance the feeling of dignity for patients in the seclusion unit in an acute psychiatric ward through environmental design changes and to evaluate the effect of the refurbishment.Background: Treating people with dignity is essential in all health-related work and important for our mental health. Hospital architecture and design signal values that can promote dignity. Patients who must spend time in seclusion are at their most vulnerable mental state and the often worn-down like environment can challenge the feeling of dignity. How environmental design can promote dignity in seclusion units have not been studied.Methods: To reach suggestions for design changes enhancing dignity, we used service design that included a broad user group. The effect of design changes was evaluated by a questionnaire answered by the nursing staff during a 4-week period pre- and post refurbishment and included a control group.Results: The design concepts agreed upon were a welcoming atmosphere, contact with nature, room for privacy, close contact with staff, and a designated smoking area inside the unit. The evaluation found that the environmental design changes significantly supported the patients in their situation and the staff in their work.Conclusion: We conclude that dignity design concepts are highly applicable also in an acute psychiatric setting and improve the situation of secluded mental health patients, which is much needed. Findings align with other environmental changes in psychiatric wards that improve the patients’ well-being and reduce aggression.
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- 2023
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9. Effect of Smartphone Dispatch of Volunteer Responders on Automated External Defibrillators and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests: The SAMBA Randomized Clinical Trial
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Berglund, Ellinor, Hollenberg, Jacob, Jonsson, Martin, Svensson, Leif, Claesson, Andreas, Nord, Anette, Nordberg, Per, Forsberg, Sune, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Lundgren, Peter, Högstedt, Åsa, Riva, Gabriel, and Ringh, Mattias
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IMPORTANCE: Smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to nearby out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) has emerged in several emergency medical services, but no randomized clinical trials have evaluated the effect on bystander use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if bystander AED use could be increased by smartphone-aided dispatch of lay volunteer responders with instructions to collect nearby AEDs compared with instructions to go directly to patients with OHCAs to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This randomized clinical trial assessed a system for smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to individuals experiencing OHCAs that was triggered at emergency dispatch centers in response to suspected OHCAs and randomized 1:1. The study was conducted in 2 main Swedish regions: Stockholm and Västra Götaland between December 2018 and January 2020. At study start, there were 3123 AEDs in Stockholm and 3195 in Västra Götaland and 24 493 volunteer responders in Stockholm and 19 117 in Västra Götaland. All OHCAs in which the volunteer responder system was activated by dispatchers were included. Excluded were patients with no OHCAs, those with OHCAs not treated by the emergency medical services, and those with OHCAs witnessed by the emergency medical services. INTERVENTIONS: Volunteer responders were alerted through the volunteer responder system smartphone application and received map-aided instructions to retrieve nearest available public AEDs on their way to the OHCAs. The control arm included volunteer responders who were instructed to go directly to the OHCAs to perform CPR. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Overall bystander AED attachment, including those attached by volunteer responders and lay volunteers who did not use the smartphone application. RESULTS: Volunteer responders were activated for 947 patients with OHCAs. Of those, 461 were randomized to the intervention group (median [IQR] age of patients, 73 [61-81] years; 295 male patients [65.3%]) and 486 were randomized to the control group (median [IQR] age of patients, 73 [63-82] years; 312 male patients [65.3%]). Primary outcome of AED attachment occurred in 61 patients (13.2%) in the intervention arm vs 46 patients (9.5%) in the control arm (difference, 3.8% [95% CI, −0.3% to 7.9%]; P = .08). The majority of AEDs were attached by lay volunteers who were not using the smartphone application (37 in intervention arm, 28 in control). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes. Among the volunteer responders using the application, crossover was 11% and compliance to instructions was 31%. Volunteer responders attached 38% (41 of 107) of all AEDs and provided 45% (16 of 36) of all defibrillations and 43% (293 of 666) of all CPR. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to OHCAs to retrieve nearby AEDs vs instructions to directly perform CPR did not significantly increase volunteer AED use. High baseline AED attachement rate and crossover may explain why the difference was not significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02992873
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- 2023
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10. Compression-Only or Standard Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Trained Laypersons in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Randomized Trial in Sweden.
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Riva, Gabriel, Boberg, Erik, Ringh, Mattias, Jonsson, Martin, Claesson, Andreas, Nord, Anette, Rubertsson, Sten, Blomberg, Hans, Nordberg, Per, Forsberg, Sune, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Svensson, Leif, Andréll, Cecilia, Herlitz, Johan, and Hollenberg, Jacob
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BACKGROUND: The ongoing TANGO2 (Telephone Assisted CPR. AN evaluation of efficacy amonGst cOmpression only and standard CPR) trial is designed to evaluate whether compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by trained laypersons is noninferior to standard CPR in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This pilot study assesses feasibility, safety, and intermediate clinical outcomes as part of the larger TANGO2 survival trial. METHODS: Emergency medical dispatch calls of suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were screened for inclusion at 18 dispatch centers in Sweden between January 1, 2017, and March 12, 2020. Inclusion criteria were witnessed event, bystander on the scene with previous CPR training, age above 18 years of age, and no signs of trauma, pregnancy, or intoxication. Cases were randomized 1:1 at the dispatch center to either instructions to perform compression-only CPR (intervention) or instructions to perform standard CPR (control). Feasibility included evaluation of inclusion, randomization, and adherence to protocol. Safety measures were time to emergency medical service dispatch CPR instructions, and to start of CPR, intermediate clinical outcome was defined as 1-day survival. RESULTS: Of 11 838 calls of suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest screened for inclusion, 2168 were randomized and 1250 (57.7%) were out-of-hospital cardiac arrests treated by the emergency medical service. Of these, 640 were assigned to intervention and 610 to control. Crossover from intervention to control occurred in 16.3% and from control to intervention in 18.5%. The median time from emergency call to ambulance dispatch was 1 minute and 36 s (interquartile range, 1.1–2.2) in the intervention group and 1 minute and 30 s (interquartile range, 1.1–2.2) in the control group. Survival to 1 day was 28.6% versus 28.4% (P =0.984) for intervention and control, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this national randomized pilot trial, compression-only CPR versus standard CPR by trained laypersons was feasible. No differences in safety measures or short-term survival were found between the 2 strategies. Efforts to reduce crossover are important and may strengthen the ongoing main trial that will assess differences in long-term survival. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02401633. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia: A Report From the AF-SCREEN International Collaboration
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Rivard, Léna, Friberg, Leif, Conen, David, Healey, Jeffrey S., Berge, Trygve, Boriani, Giuseppe, Brandes, Axel, Calkins, Hugh, Camm, A. John, Yee Chen, Lin, Lluis Clua Espuny, Josep, Collins, Ronan, Connolly, Stuart, Dagres, Nikolaos, Elkind, Mitchell S.V., Engdahl, Johan, Field, Thalia S., Gersh, Bernard J., Glotzer, Taya V., Hankey, Graeme J., Harbison, Joseph A., Georg Haeusler, Karl, Hills, Mellanie T., Johnson, Linda S.B., Joung, Boyoung, Khairy, Paul, Kirchhof, Paulus, Krieger, Derk, Lip, Gregory Y.H., Løchen, Maja-Lisa, Madhavan, Malini, Mairesse, Georges H., Montaner, Joan, Ntaios, George, Quinn, Terence J., Rienstra, Michiel, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Sandhu, Roopinder K., Smyth, Breda, Schnabel, Renate B., Stavrakis, Stavros, Themistoclakis, Sakis, Van Gelder, Isabelle C., Wang, Ji-Guang, and Freedman, Ben
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Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.Growing evidence suggests a consistent association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and cognitive impairment and dementia that is independent of clinical stroke. This report from the AF-SCREEN International Collaboration summarizes the evidence linking AF to cognitive impairment and dementia. It provides guidance on the investigation and management of dementia in patients with AF on the basis of best available evidence. The document also addresses suspected pathophysiologic mechanisms and identifies knowledge gaps for future research. Whereas AF and dementia share numerous risk factors, the association appears to be independent of these variables. Nevertheless, the evidence remains inconclusive regarding a direct causal effect. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed, some of which are potentially amenable to early intervention, including cerebral microinfarction, AF-related cerebral hypoperfusion, inflammation, microhemorrhage, brain atrophy, and systemic atherosclerotic vascular disease. The mitigating role of oral anticoagulation in specific subgroups (eg, low stroke risk, short duration or silent AF, after successful AF ablation, or atrial cardiopathy) and the effect of rhythm versus rate control strategies remain unknown. Likewise, screening for AF (in cognitively normal or cognitively impaired patients) and screening for cognitive impairment in patients with AF are debated. The pathophysiology of dementia and therapeutic strategies to reduce cognitive impairment warrant further investigation in individuals with AF. Cognition should be evaluated in future AF studies and integrated with patient-specific outcome priorities and patient preferences. Further large-scale prospective studies and randomized trials are needed to establish whether AF is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, to investigate strategies to prevent dementia, and to determine whether screening for unknown AF followed by targeted therapy might prevent or reduce cognitive impairment and dementia.
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- 2022
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12. Clinical outcomes in systematic screening for atrial fibrillation (STROKESTOP): a multicentre, parallel group, unmasked, randomised controlled trial
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Svennberg, Emma, Friberg, Leif, Frykman, Viveka, Al-Khalili, Faris, Engdahl, Johan, and Rosenqvist, Mårten
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Atrial fibrillation is a leading cause of ischaemic stroke. Early detection of atrial fibrillation can enable anticoagulant therapy to reduce ischaemic stroke and mortality. In this randomised study in an older population, we aimed to assess whether systematic screening for atrial fibrillation could reduce mortality and morbidity compared with no screening.
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- 2021
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13. Compression-Only or Standard Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Trained Laypersons in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Randomized Trial in Sweden
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Riva, Gabriel, Boberg, Erik, Ringh, Mattias, Jonsson, Martin, Claesson, Andreas, Nord, Anette, Rubertsson, Sten, Blomberg, Hans, Nordberg, Per, Forsberg, Sune, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Svensson, Leif, Andréll, Cecilia, Herlitz, Johan, and Hollenberg, Jacob
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- 2024
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14. Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Autistic Traits Over Time.
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Taylor, Mark J., Rosenqvist, Mina A., Larsson, Henrik, Gillberg, Christopher, D'Onofrio, Brian M., Lichtenstein, Paul, and Lundström, Sebastian
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AUTISM spectrum disorders ,ETIOLOGY of diseases ,NATURE & nurture - Abstract
Importance: The frequency with which autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are diagnosed has shown a marked increase in recent years. One suggestion is that this is partly because of secular changes in the environment, yet to our knowledge this hypothesis lacks evidence.Objective: To assess whether the relative importance of genetic and environmental associations with ASD and autistic traits has changed over a 16-year and 26-year period.Design, Setting, and Participants: A twin design was used to assess whether the heritability of ASD and autistic traits has changed over time. Data from 2 nationwide Swedish twin cohorts was used: the Swedish Twin Registry (STR; participants born between January 1982 and December 2008) and the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS; participants born between January 1992 and December 2008). Autism spectrum disorder diagnoses were identified for twins in the STR, with follow-up to 2013. Questionnaires assigned screening diagnoses of ASD to CATSS participants and assessed autistic traits. Analyses were performed from September 1, 2018, to March 31, 2019.Exposures: Each sample was divided into several birth cohorts covering 1982 to 1991 (for the STR only), 1992-1995, 1996-1999, 2000-2003, and 2004-2008.Outcomes: We assessed whether the genetric and environment variance underlying autistic traits changed across birth cohorts and examined whether the relative contribution of genetics and environment to liability for autism changed across birth cohorts.Results: Data were available for 22 678 twin pairs (5922 female same-sex pairs [26.1%], 5563 male same-sex pairs [24.5%], and 11193 opposite-sex pairs [49.4%]) in the STR and 15 280 pairs (4880 female same-sex pairs [31.9%], 5092 male same-sex pairs [33.3%], and 5308 opposite-sex pairs [34.7%]) in CATSS. The heritability of ASD diagnoses in the STR ranged from 0.88 (95% CI, 0.74-0.96) to 0.97 (95% CI, 0.89-0.99). The heritability of screening diagnoses in CATSS varied from 0.75 (95% CI, 0.58-0.87) to 0.93 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98). Autistic traits showed a modest variance increase over time that was associated with increases in genetic and environmental variance, with the total variance increasing from 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92-0.98) to 1.17 (95% CI, 1.13-1.21) over time.Conclusions and Relevance: Weak evidence was found for changes in the genetic and environmental factors underlying ASD and autistic traits over time. Genetic factors played a consistently larger role than environmental factors. Environmental factors are thus unlikely to explain the increase in the prevalence of ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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15. Deconstruction and hermeneutical space as keys to understanding the rural.
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Rosenqvist, Olli
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DECONSTRUCTION ,PHOTOGRAPHIC lenses ,URBAN planning ,MODERNIZATION theory ,RURAL sociology ,SPACE - Abstract
The purpose of this article is to complement the existing literature on defining the rural by suggesting a novel approach that makes possible a holistic understanding of the rural. The proposed approach is based on deconstruction of the concept of the rural and on hermeneutical philosophy. The current approaches applied in rural studies are evaluated through the lens of holistic understanding, and solutions to the observed problems are discussed. The problems of current rural studies stem from inadequate conceptualization and biased social theory. The conceptual problems can be alleviated, firstly, by understanding the concept of space not only literally but also figuratively. Secondly, the concept of the rural has to be deconstructed into its essential parts. Regarding social theory, the modernization theory applied in rural studies has to be modified so that it gives more room to otherness than it currently does. The article proposes that a holistic understanding of the rural can be achieved through hermeneutical realism, that is, by understanding the world as a hermeneutical space and by reassembling the deconstructed parts of the rural in that hermeneutical space. Deconstructing the rural into qualities such as contrast with the urban, open space and freedom is groundbreaking in the sense that the rural is not seen as an independent social construct with its specific advocates. From the viewpoint of social theory, the emphasis on otherness provides an opportunity to find a more significant role in society for the rural than that of a follower of urban development. • Holistic understanding of the rural. • Understanding the literal and figurative meanings of space and the rural. • Analysis of current rural studies. • Constructing a hermeneutical tool to understand the rural holistically. • Deconstruction of the rural: rural as otherness, open space and freedom as essences of the rural. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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16. A population-based family clustering study of tic-related obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Brander, Gustaf, Kuja-Halkola, Ralf, Rosenqvist, Mina A., Rück, Christian, Serlachius, Eva, Fernández de la Cruz, Lorena, Lichtenstein, Paul, Crowley, James J., Larsson, Henrik, and Mataix-Cols, David
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In the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) included a new “tic-related” specifier. However, strong evidence supporting tic-related OCD as a distinct subtype of OCD is lacking. This study investigated whether, at the population level, tic-related OCD has a stronger familial load than non-tic-related OCD. From a cohort of individuals born in Sweden between 1967 and 2007 (n= 4,085,367; 1257 with tic-related OCD and 20,975 with non-tic-related OCD), we identified all twins, full siblings, maternal and paternal half siblings, and cousins. Sex- and birth year-adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were calculated to estimate the risk of OCD in relatives of individuals with OCD with and without comorbid tics, compared with relatives of unaffected individuals. We found that OCD is a familial disorder, regardless of comorbid tic disorder status. However, the risk of OCD in relatives of individuals with tic-related OCD was considerably greater than the risk of OCD in relatives of individuals with non-tic-related OCD (e.g., risk for full siblings: aHR = 10.63 [95% CI, 7.92–14.27] and aHR = 4.52 [95% CI, 4.06–5.02], respectively; pvalue for the difference < 0.0001). These differences remained when the groups were matched by age at first OCD diagnosis and after various sensitivity analyses. The observed familial patterns of OCD in relation to tics were not seen in relation to other neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Tic-related OCD is a particularly familial subtype of OCD. The results have important implications for ongoing gene-searching efforts.
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- 2021
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17. Changes in 24-h ambulatory blood pressure following restoration of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation
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Olbers, Joakim, Östergren, Jan, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Skuladottir, Helga, Klavebäck, Sofia, Ljungman, Petter, and Witt, Nils
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Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text
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- 2021
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18. Intermittent moisture supply induces drought priming responses in some heat‐tolerant chickpea genotypes
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Makonya, Givemore M., Ogola, John B.O., Muasya, A. Muthama, Crespo, Olivier, Maseko, Sipho, Valentine, Alex J., Ottosen, Carl‐Otto, Rosenqvist, Eva, and Chimphango, Samson B.M.
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Heat and drought stresses are two abiotic factors that often occur simultaneously and are predicted to increase, consequently hampering plant growth. Response of different species to either stresses is well documented but information on the response of the same genotypes to both stresses in chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) is limited. We aimed to determine whether previously noted heat‐stress‐tolerant genotype (Acc#7) is drought tolerant, that heat‐sensitive genotype (Acc#8) is drought sensitive, and whether intermittent moisture supply at vegetative stage would induce priming effect to later drought at flowering. At vegetative stage, plants were divided into three groups, nonstressed (watered to 75% field capacity [FC], severe water stress (moisture withholding for 14 d), and treated to 40% FC throughout the experiment (mild stress), with recovery for the severely stressed plants after which they were stressed (double stress) at flowering. Drought treatments at vegetative and flowering growth stages decreased physiological parameters and biomass accumulation in both genotypes except low water supply at 40% FC that decreased biomass in Acc#7 but not Acc#8. Double‐drought stress resulted in priming effect in Acc#7, having higher biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthesis, and relative water content (RWC) vs. the introduction of stress only at flowering growth stage as well as in comparison with Acc#8. These results showed that both Acc#7 and Acc#8 are sensitive to drought, whereas after priming, Acc#7 is better acclimated to drought than Acc#8 associated with osmotic adjustment on leaf RWC and higher capacity to protect photosynthetic activity, making Acc#7 potentially ideal for areas associated with intermittent drought spells.
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- 2020
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19. Harnessing Big Data to Support the Conservation and Rehabilitation of Mangrove Forests Globally
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Worthington, Thomas A., Andradi-Brown, Dominic A., Bhargava, Radhika, Buelow, Christina, Bunting, Pete, Duncan, Clare, Fatoyinbo, Lola, Friess, Daniel A., Goldberg, Liza, Hilarides, Lammert, Lagomasino, David, Landis, Emily, Longley-Wood, Kate, Lovelock, Catherine E., Murray, Nicholas J., Narayan, Siddharth, Rosenqvist, Ake, Sievers, Michael, Simard, Marc, Thomas, Nathan, van Eijk, Pieter, Zganjar, Chris, and Spalding, Mark
- Abstract
Mangrove forests are found on sheltered coastlines in tropical, subtropical, and some warm temperate regions. These forests support unique biodiversity and provide a range of benefits to coastal communities, but as a result of large-scale conversion for aquaculture, agriculture, and urbanization, mangroves are considered increasingly threatened ecosystems. Scientific advances have led to accurate and comprehensive global datasets on mangrove extent, structure, and condition, and these can support evaluation of ecosystem services and stimulate greater conservation and rehabilitation efforts. To increase the utility and uptake of these products, in this Perspective we provide an overview of these recent and forthcoming global datasets and explore the challenges of translating these new analyses into policy action and on-the-ground conservation. We describe a new platform for visualizing and disseminating these datasets to the global science community, non-governmental organizations, government officials, and rehabilitation practitioners and highlight future directions and collaborations to increase the uptake and impact of large-scale mangrove research.
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- 2020
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20. Prenatal androgen exposure and transgenerational susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome
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Risal, Sanjiv, Pei, Yu, Lu, Haojiang, Manti, Maria, Fornes, Romina, Pui, Han-Pin, Zhao, Zhiyi, Massart, Julie, Ohlsson, Claes, Lindgren, Eva, Crisosto, Nicolas, Maliqueo, Manuel, Echiburú, Barbara, Ladrón de Guevara, Amanda, Sir-Petermann, Teresa, Larsson, Henrik, Rosenqvist, Mina A., Cesta, Carolyn E., Benrick, Anna, Deng, Qiaolin, and Stener-Victorin, Elisabet
- Abstract
How obesity and elevated androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affect their offspring is unclear. In a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort and a clinical case–control study from Chile, we found that daughters of mothers with PCOS were more likely to be diagnosed with PCOS. Furthermore, female mice (F0) with PCOS-like traits induced by late-gestation injection of dihydrotestosterone, with and without obesity, produced female F1–F3offspring with PCOS-like reproductive and metabolic phenotypes. Sequencing of single metaphase II oocytes from F1–F3offspring revealed common and unique altered gene expression across all generations. Notably, four genes were also differentially expressed in serum samples from daughters in the case–control study and unrelated women with PCOS. Our findings provide evidence of transgenerational effects in female offspring of mothers with PCOS and identify possible candidate genes for the prediction of a PCOS phenotype in future generations.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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21. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry
- Author
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Sawhney, Jitendra PS., Kothiwale, Veerappa A., Bisne, Vikas, Durgaprasad, Rajashekhar, Jadhav, Praveen, Chopda, Manoj, Vanajakshamma, Velam, Meena, Ramdhan, Vijayaraghavan, Govindan, Chawla, Kamaldeep, Allu, Jagan, Pieper, Karen S., John Camm, A., Kakkar, Ajay K., Kakkar, Ajay K., Bassand, Jean-Pierre, John Camm, A., Fitzmaurice, David A., Goldhaber, Samuel Z., Goto, Shinya, Haas, Sylvia, Hacke, Werner, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Misselwitz, Frank, Pieper, Karen S., Turpie, Alexander G.G., van Eickels, Martin, Verheugt, Freek W.A., John Camm, A., Bassand, Jean-Pierre, Goldhaber, Samuel Z., Haas, Sylvia, Kayani, Gloria, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Fox, Keith A.A., Gersh, Bernard J., Luciardi, Hector Lucas, Gibbs, Harry, Brodmann, Marianne, Cools, Frank, Barretto, Antonio Carlos Pereira, Connolly, Stuart J., Spyropoulos, Alex, Eikelboom, John, Corbalan, Ramon, Hu, Dayi, Jansky, Petr, Nielsen, Jørn Dalsgaard, Ragy, Hany, Raatikainen, Pekka, Le Heuzey, Jean-Yves, Darius, Harald, Keltai, Matyas, 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Gutierrez del Val, M., Herrero Maeso, B., Hevia Rodriguez, E., Iglesias Garcia, A., Jimenez Fernandez, M.J., Jimeno Besa, B., Juan Salvadores, P., Lage Bouzamayor, M.B., Lasuncion, I., Lezcano Gort, L.E., Llobet Molina, M., Lopez, M., Manzanal Rey, A., Mara Guerra, J., Marcus, S., Martin Vila, A., Martinez Mena, M., Mazon, P., Mendez Zurita, F., Millán, G., Molina, M., Montero Alia, P., Montes, D., Moure Gonzalez, M., Munoz Munoz, R.B., Negrete Palma, A., Orellana Figueroa, H.N., Ortega, V.M., Ortiz Cortes, C., Otero Tomera, D., Palomo Merchan, N., Pareja Ibar, I., Pena Garcia, E., Pereda Armayor, M., Perez Carasa, M., Prieto, I., Quintern, V., Renom, R., Rincon Diaz, L.M., Rios, V., Riquelme Sola, L., Rivera, R., Robiro Robiro, X., Roca, M., Roca Saumell, C., Rodrigo, C., Rodriguez, E., Rodriguez Garcia, M., Saez Jimenez, S., Sanchez Calderon, P., Sanchez Mendez, L., Sanchez Parra, S., Santolaya, C., Senan Sanz, M.R., Seoane Blanco, A., Serralvo, E., Sierra, N., Simon Valero, C., Sorribes Lopez, J., Teixido Fontanillas, M., Terns Riera, M., Tobajas, G., Torres, C., Torres Marques, J., Ubeda Pastor, M., Rosenqvist, M., Wirdby, A., Linden, J., Henriksson, K., Elmersson, M., Egilsson, A., Börjesson, U., Svärd, G., Liu, B., Lindh, A., Olsson, L.-B., Gustavsson, M., Andersson, Lars, Andersson, Lisbeth, Benson, L., Bothin, C., Hajimirsadeghi, A., Kadir, K., Ericsson, M., Ohlsson, A., Lindvall, H., Svensson, P., Thorne, K., Handel, H., Platonov, P., Eriksson, B., Timberg, I., Romberg, K., Crisby, M., Karlsson, J.-E., Jensen, S.A., Andersson, A., Malmqvist, L., Martinsson, B., Bernsten, F., Engdahl, J., Thulin, J., Hot-Bjelac, A., Stalby, P., Aaröe, H., Ahbeck, E., Ahlmark, H., Al-Khalili, F., Bonkowski, G., Dzeletovic, S., Ekstrand, A.-B., Eriksson, G.-B., Floren, K., Grässjö, C., Hahn, S., Jaensson, P., Jansson, B., Jansson, J.-H., Kangert, R.-M., Koch, A., Kusiak, D., Lettenström, A., Lindberg, A., Lindholm, C.-J., Mannermyr, A., Mansson, K., Millborg, M., Nilsson, C., Ohlin, A.-M., Olofsson, A., Osberg, A., Pedersen, A., Risbecker, K., Rosenberg, K., Samuelsson, J., Shayesteh, M., Skoglund, K., Stjernberg, M., Thorsen, C., Steffel, J., Beer, J.H., Shah, D., Debrunner, J., Amstutz, D., Bruegger, J., Elise, G., Grau, A., Guinand, A., Henriette, I., Saga, E., Winnik, S., Parkhomenko, A., Rudyk, I., Tseluyko, V., Karpenko, O., Zhurba, S., Kraiz, I., Kupnovytska, I., Serediuk, N., Mostovoy, Y., Ushakov, O., Koval, O., Kovalskyi, I., Svyshchenko, Y., Sychov, O., Stanislavchuk, M., Kraydashenko, O., Yagensky, A., Tykhonova, S., Kurylo, B., Fushtey, I., Belegai, R., Berko, G., Burdeuna, L., Chabanna, O., Daniuk, I., Ivanov, A., Kamenska, E., Kaplan, P., Khyzhnyak, O., Kizim, S., Matova, O., Medentseva, O., Mochonyi, V., Mospan, M., Nemtsova, V., Ovdiienko, T., Palamarchuk, O., Pavelko, M., Petrovskyy, R., Plevak, D., Proshak, O., Pyvovar, S., Rasputina, L., Romanenko, O., Romanova, O., Sapatyi, A., Shumakov, O., Stets, R., Todoriuk, L., Varenov, V., Fitzmaurice, D., Chauhan, N., Goodwin, D., Saunders, P., Evans, R., Leese, J., Jhittay, P.S., Ross, A., Kainth, M.S., Pickavance, G., McDonnell, J., Williams, A., Gooding, T., Wagner, H., Suryani, S., Singal, A., Sircar, S., Bilas, R., Hutchinson, P., Wakeman, A., Stokes, M., Paul, N., Aziz, M., Ramesh, C., Wilson, P., Franklin, S., Fairhead, S., Thompson, J., St Joseph, V., Taylor, G., Tragen, D., Seamark, D., Paul, C., Richardson, M., Jefferies, A., Sharp, H., Jones, H., Giles, C., Page, M., Oginni, O., Aldegather, J., Wetherwell, S., Lumb, W., Evans, P., Scouller, F., Macey, N., Stipp, Y., West, R., Thurston, S., Wadeson, P., Matthews, J., Pandya, P., Gallagher, A., Railton, T., Sinha, B., Russell, D., Davies, J.A., Ainsworth, P., Jones, C.P., Weeks, P., Eden, J., Kernick, D., Murdoch, W., Lumley, L., Patel, R.P., Wong, S.W., Saigol, M., Ladha, K., Douglas, K., Cumberlidge, D.F., Bradshaw, C., Van Zon, G., Jones, K.P., Thomas, M.J., Watson, E., Sarai, B., Ahmad, N., Willcock, W., Cairns, J., Sathananthan, S., de Kare-Silver, N., Gilliland, A., Strieder, E., Howitt, A., Vishwanathan, B., Bird, N., Gray, D., Evans, P., Clark, M., Bisatt, J., Litchfield, J., Fisher, E., Fooks, T., Kelsall, A.R., Alborough, E., Wakeling, J., Parfitt, M., Milne, K., Rogers, S., Priyadharshan, R., Oliver, J.L., Davies, E., Abushal, S., Jacobs, M., Hutton, C., Walls, N.I., Thompson, R., Chigbo, C., Zaidi, S.M.A., Howard, M., Butter, K.C., Barrow, S., Little, H., Haq, I.U., Gibbons, L., Glencross, S., McLeod, A.J., Poland, K., Mulholland, C., Warke, A., Conn, P., Burns, G., Smith, R.N., Lowe, S., Kamath, R., Dau, H.S., Webster, J., Hodgins, I., Vercoe, S., Roome, P.C., Pinnock, H., Patel, J.R.A., Ali, A., Hart, N., Davies, R., Stuart, E., Neden, C.A., Danielsen, M., Heath, R., Sharma, P., Galloway, S., Hawkins, C., Oliver, R., Aylward, M., Mannion, S., Braddick, M., Edwards, D., Rothwell, A.C., Sabir, A., Choudhary, F., Khalaque, S., Wilson, A., Peters, S., Coulson, W., Roberts, N., Heer, A., Coates, S., Ward, B., Jackson, D., Walton, S., Shepherd, D., Sterry, M., Wong, T., Boon, M., Bunney, R., Haria-Shah, R., Baron, R.T., Davies, S., Schatzberger, T., Hargreaves, N., Stephenson, T., Choi, H., Batson, R., Lucraft, L., Myhill, T., Estifano, S., Geatch, D., Wilkinson, J., Veale, R., Forshaw, K., Davies, T., Zaman, K., Vinson, P., Liley, C., Bandrapalli, M., McGinty, P., Wastling, R., McEleny, P., Beattie, A., Cooke, P., Wong, M., Gunasegaram, J., Pugsley, M., Ahmad, S., A'Court, C., Ayers, J., Bennett, J., Cartwright, S., Dobson, S., Dooldeniya, C., Flynn, A., Fox, R., Goram, J., Halpin, A., Hay, A., Jacobs, P., Jeffers, L., Lomax, L., Munro, I., Muvva, R., Nadaph, M., Powell, K., Randfield, S., Redpath, D., Reed, R., Rickenbach, M., Rogers, G., Saunders, P.B., Seamark, C., Shewring, J., Simmons, P., Simper, H., Stoddart, H., Sword, A., Thomas, N., Thomson, A., Gibbs, H., Blenkhorn, A., Singh, B., Van Gaal, W., Abhayaratna, W., Lehman, R., Roberts-Thomson, P., Kilian, J., Coulshed, D., Catanchin, A., Colquhoun, D., Kiat, H., Eccleston, D., French, J., Zimmett, L., Ayres, B., Phan, T., Blombery, P., Crimmins, D., O'Donnell, D., Choi, A., Astridge, P., Arstall, M., Jepson, N., Binnekamp, M., Lee, A., Rogers, J., Starmer, G., Carroll, P., Faunt, J., Aggarwala, A., Barry, L., Batta, C., Beveridge, R., Black, A., Bonner, M., Boys, J., Buckley, E., Campo, M., Carlton, L., Connelly, A., Conway, B., Cresp, D., Dimitri, H., Dixon, S., Dolman, M., Duroux, M., Eskandari, M., Eslick, R., Ferreira-Jardim, A., Fetahovic, T., Fitzpatrick, D., Geraghty, R., Gibbs, J., Grabek, T., Modi, M.H., Hayes, K., Hegde, M.P., Hesketh, L., Hoffmann, B., Jacobson, B., Johnson, K., Juergens, C., Kassam, I., Lawlor, V., Lehman, M., Lehman, S., Leung, D., Mackay, S., MacKenzie, M., McCarthy, C., McIntosh, C., McKeon, L., Morrison, H., Mussap, C., Myers, J.-D., Nagalingam, V., Oldfield, G., O'May, V., Palmer, J., Parsons, L., Patching, K., Patching, T., Paul, V., Plotz, M., Preston, S., Rashad, H., Ratcliffe, M., Raynes, S., Rose, J., Sanders, L., Seremetkoska, M., Setio, H., Shone, S., Shrestha, P., Singh, C., Singleton, C., Stoyanov, N., Sutcliffe, S., Swaraj, K., Tarrant, J., Thomas, N., Thompson, S., Tsay, I.M., Vorster, M., Waldman, A., Wallis, L., Wilford, E., Wong, K., Connolly, S.J., Spyropoulos, A., Eikelboom, J., Luton, R., Gupta, M., Pandey, A.S., Cheung, S., Leader, R., Beaudry, P., Ayala-Paredes, F., Berlingieri, J., Heath, J., Poirier, G., Du Preez, M., Nadeau, R., Dresser, G., Dhillon, R., Hruczkowski, T., Schweitzer, B., Coutu, B., Angaran, P., MacDonald, P., Vizel, S., Fikry, S., Parkash, R., Lavoie, A., Cha, J., Ramjattan, B., Bonet, J., Ahmad, K., Angaran, P., Aro, L., Aves, T., Beaudry, K., Bergeron, C., Bergeron, C., Bigcanoe, J., Bignell, N., Breakwell, L., Burke, E., Carroll, L., Clarke, B., Cleveland, T., Daheb, S., Dehghani, P., Denis, I., Djaidani, Z., Dorian, P., Douglass, S., Dunnigan, J., Ewert, A., Farquhar, D., Fearon, A., Ferleyko, L., Fournier, D., Fox, B., Grenier, M.-C., Gulliver, W., Haveman, K., Hines, C., Hines, K., Jackson, A.M., Jean, C., Jethoo, G., Kahlon, R., Kelly, S., Kim, R., Korley, V., Kornder, J., Kwan, L., Largy, J., Lewis, C., Lewis, S., Mangat, I., Moor, R., Navratil, J., Neas, I., Otis, J., Otis, R., Pandey, M., Petrie, F., Pinter, A., Raines, M., Roberts, P., Robinson, M., Sas, G., Schulman, S., Snell, L., Spearson, S., Stevenson, J., Trahey, T., Wong, S., Wright, D., Ragy, H., Abd El-Aziz, A., Abou Seif, S.K., El Din, M.G., El Etriby, S., Elbahry, A., El-Etreby, A., Elkhadem, M., Katta, A., Khairy, T., Mowafy, A., Nawar, M., Ohanissian, A., Reda, A., Reda, M., Salem, H., Sami, N., Samir, S., Setiha, M., Sobhy, M., Soliman, A., Taha, N., Tawfik, M., Zaatout, E., Jacobson, B., Kettles, D., Bayat, J., Siebert, H., Horak, A., Kelfkens, Y., Garda, R., Pillay, T., Guerra, M., van Zyl, L., Theron, H., Murray, A., Louw, R., Greyling, D., Mntla, P., Ueckermann, V., Loghdey, R., Ismail, S., Ahmed, F., Engelbrecht, J., Ramdass, A., Maharajh, S., Oosthuysen, W., Angel, G., Bester, C., Booysen, M., Boshoff, C., Cannon, C., Cassimjee, S., Chami, C., Conway, G., Davids, A., de Meyer, L., Du Plessis, G., Ellis, T., Henley, L., Karsten, M., Loyd, E., Marks, J., Mavhusa, L., Mostert, M., Page, A., Rikhotso, L., Salie, M., Sasto, J., Shaik, F., Skein, A., Smith, L., Tarr, G., Tau, T., van Zyl, F., Al Mahmeed, W., Yousef, G., Agrawal, A., Nathani, M., Ibrahim, M., Esheiba, E.M., Singh, R., Naguib, A., Abu-Mahfouz, M., Al Omairi, M., Al Naeemi, A., Maruthanayagam, R., Bazargani, N., Wassef, A., Gupta, R., Khan, M., Subbaraman, B., Abdul, A., Al Mulla, A., El Bardisy, S., Haridas, P., Jadhav, S., Magdaluyo, K., Makdad, M., Maqsood, I., Mohamed, R., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Thanzeel, M., Goldhaber, S.Z., Canosa, R., Rama, P., Blumberg, E., Garcia, J., Mullen, P., Wilson, V., Quick, A., Ferrick, K., Kutayli, W.M., Cox, M., Franco, M., Falkowski, S., Mendelson, R., Williams, M., Miller, S., Beach, S., Sharma, N., Alfieri, A., Gutowski, T., Haque, I., Reddy, R., Ahmed, W., Delafontaine, P., Diercks, D., Theodoro, D., Remmel, K., Alberts, M., Ison, R., Noveck, H., Duffy, P., Pitta, S., Nishijima, D., Treasure, C., Asafu-Adjaye, N., Ball, K., Bartlett, M., Bentley, M., Bowers, S., Brown, A., Browne, A., Cameron-Watts, J., Canova, M., Cassidy, D., Cervellione, K., Congal, S., DePauw, J., Dickerson, A., Eley, M., Evans, L., Felpel, S., Ferdinand, K., Fielder, D., Gentry, P., Haideri, A., Hakimi, F., Harbour, T., Hartranft, E., Hawkins, B., Headlee, M., Henson, L., Herrick, C., Hicks, T., Jasinski, S., Johnson, K., Jones, A., Jones, L., Jones, P., Karl, S., Keeling, M., Kerr, J., Knowles, P., Langdon, J., Lay, M., Lee, J.A., Lincoln, T., Malone, E., Merliss, A., Merritt, D., Minardo, J., Mooso, B., Orosco, C., Palumbo, V., Parker, M., Parrott, T., Paserchia, S., Pearl, G., Peterson, J., Pickelsimer, N., Purcell, T., Raynor, J., Raziano, S., Richard, C., Richardson, T., Robertson, C., Sage, A., Sanghera, T., Shaw, P., Shoemaker, J., Smith, K., Stephanie, B., Thatcher, A., Theobald, H., Thompson, N., Treasure, L., Tripti, T., Verdi, C., and Worthy, V.
- Abstract
The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry.
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- 2018
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22. Comparison of Health Care Costs Between Claimants and Nonclaimants in the No-Fault Compensation System of Finland.
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Järvelin, Jutta, Häkkinen, Unto, and Rosenqvist, Gunnar
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- 2019
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23. Design and performance of the Climate Change Initiative Biomass global retrieval algorithm
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Santoro, Maurizio, Cartus, Oliver, Quegan, Shaun, Kay, Heather, Lucas, Richard M., Araza, Arnan, Herold, Martin, Labrière, Nicolas, Chave, Jérôme, Rosenqvist, Åke, Tadono, Takeo, Kobayashi, Kazufumi, Kellndorfer, Josef, Avitabile, Valerio, Brown, Hugh, Carreiras, João, Campbell, Michael J., Cavlovic, Jura, Bispo, Polyanna da Conceição, Gilani, Hammad, Khan, Mohammed Latif, Kumar, Amit, Lewis, Simon L., Liang, Jingjing, Mitchard, Edward T.A., Pacheco Pascagaza, Ana Maria, Phillips, Oliver L., Ryan, Casey M., Saikia, Purabi, Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Sukhdeo, Hansrajie, Verbeeck, Hans, Vieilledent, Ghislain, Wijaya, Arief, Willcock, Simon, and Seifert, Frank Martin
- Abstract
The increase in Earth observations from space in recent years supports improved quantification of carbon storage by terrestrial vegetation and fosters studies that relate satellite measurements to biomass retrieval algorithms. However, satellite observations are only indirectly related to the carbon stored by vegetation. While ground surveys provide biomass stock measurements to act as reference for training the models, they are sparsely distributed. Here, we addressed this problem by designing an algorithm that harnesses the interplay of satellite observations, modeling frameworks and field measurements, and generated global estimates of above-ground biomass (AGB) density that meet the requirements of the scientific community in terms of accuracy, spatial and temporal resolution. The design was adapted to the amount, type and spatial distribution of satellite data available around the year 2020. The retrieval algorithm estimated AGB annually by merging estimates derived from C- and L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter observations with a Water Cloud type of model and does not rely on AGB reference data at the same spatial scale as the SAR data. This model is integrated with functions relating to forest structural variables that were trained on spaceborne LiDAR observations and sub-national AGB statistics. The yearly estimates of AGB were successively harmonized using a cost function that minimizes spurious fluctuations arising from the moderate-to-weak sensitivity of the SAR backscatter to AGB. The spatial distribution of the AGB estimates was correctly reproduced when the retrieval model was correctly set. Over-predictions occasionally occurred in the low AGB range (< 50 Mg ha-1) and under-predictions in the high AGB range (> 300 Mg ha-1). These errors were a consequence of sometimes too strong generalizations made within the modeling framework to allow reliable retrieval worldwide at the expense of accuracy. The precision of the estimates was mostly between 30% and 80% relative to the estimated value. While the framework is well founded, it could be improved by incorporating additional satellite observations that capture structural properties of vegetation (e.g., from SAR interferometry, low-frequency SAR, or high-resolution observations), a dense network of regularly monitored high-quality forest biomass reference sites, and spatially more detailed characterization of all model parameters estimates to better reflect regional differences.
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- 2024
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24. Searching for Atrial Fibrillation Poststroke
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Schnabel, Renate B., Haeusler, Karl Georg, Healey, Jeffrey S., Freedman, Ben, Boriani, Giuseppe, Brachmann, Johannes, Brandes, Axel, Bustamante, Alejandro, Casadei, Barbara, Crijns, Harry J.G.M., Doehner, Wolfram, Engström, Gunnar, Fauchier, Laurent, Friberg, Leif, Gladstone, David J., Glotzer, Taya V., Goto, Shinya, Hankey, Graeme J., Harbison, Joseph A., Hobbs, F.D. Richard, Johnson, Linda S.B., Kamel, Hooman, Kirchhof, Paulus, Korompoki, Eleni, Krieger, Derk W., Lip, Gregory Y.H., Løchen, Maja-Lisa, Mairesse, Georges H., Montaner, Joan, Neubeck, Lis, Ntaios, George, Piccini, Jonathan P., Potpara, Tatjana S., Quinn, Terence J., Reiffel, James A., Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho, Rienstra, Michiel, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Sakis, Themistoclakis, Sinner, Moritz F., Svendsen, Jesper Hastrup, Van Gelder, Isabelle C., Wachter, Rolf, Wijeratne, Tissa, and Yan, Bernard
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.Cardiac thromboembolism attributed to atrial fibrillation (AF) is responsible for up to one-third of ischemic strokes. Stroke may be the first manifestation of previously undetected AF. Given the efficacy of oral anticoagulants in preventing AF-related ischemic strokes, strategies of searching for AF after a stroke using ECG monitoring followed by oral anticoagulation (OAC) treatment have been proposed to prevent recurrent cardioembolic strokes. This white paper by experts from the AF-SCREEN International Collaboration summarizes existing evidence and knowledge gaps on searching for AF after a stroke by using ECG monitoring. New AF can be detected by routine plus intensive ECG monitoring in approximately one-quarter of patients with ischemic stroke. It may be causal, a bystander, or neurogenically induced by the stroke. AF after a stroke is a risk factor for thromboembolism and a strong marker for atrial myopathy. After acute ischemic stroke, patients should undergo 72 hours of electrocardiographic monitoring to detect AF. The diagnosis requires an ECG of sufficient quality for confirmation by a health professional with ECG rhythm expertise. AF detection rate is a function of monitoring duration and quality of analysis, AF episode definition, interval from stroke to monitoring commencement, and patient characteristics including old age, certain ECG alterations, and stroke type. Markers of atrial myopathy (eg, imaging, atrial ectopy, natriuretic peptides) may increase AF yield from monitoring and could be used to guide patient selection for more intensive/prolonged poststroke ECG monitoring. Atrial myopathy without detected AF is not currently sufficient to initiate OAC. The concept of embolic stroke of unknown source is not proven to identify patients who have had a stroke benefitting from empiric OAC treatment. However, some embolic stroke of unknown source subgroups (eg, advanced age, atrial enlargement) might benefit more from non–vitamin K-dependent OAC therapy than aspirin. Fulfilling embolic stroke of unknown source criteria is an indication neither for empiric non–vitamin K-dependent OAC treatment nor for withholding prolonged ECG monitoring for AF. Clinically diagnosed AF after a stroke or a transient ischemic attack is associated with significantly increased risk of recurrent stroke or systemic embolism, in particular, with additional stroke risk factors, and requires OAC rather than antiplatelet therapy. The minimum subclinical AF duration required on ECG monitoring poststroke/transient ischemic attack to recommend OAC therapy is debated.
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- 2019
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25. Survival in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest After Standard Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation or Chest Compressions Only Before Arrival of Emergency Medical Services
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Riva, Gabriel, Ringh, Mattias, Jonsson, Martin, Svensson, Leif, Herlitz, Johan, Claesson, Andreas, Djärv, Therese, Nordberg, Per, Forsberg, Sune, Rubertsson, Sten, Nord, Anette, Rosenqvist, Mårten, and Hollenberg, Jacob
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
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- 2019
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26. Comparison of Health Care Costs Between Claimants and Nonclaimants in the No-Fault Compensation System of Finland
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Järvelin, Jutta, Häkkinen, Unto, and Rosenqvist, Gunnar
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- 2019
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27. Keeping the Production Line Running: Internal Substitution and Employee Absence
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Hensvik, Lena and Rosenqvist, Olof
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ABSTRACT:We postulate that the production losses from absence depend on firms’ ability to internally substitute for absent workers, incentivizing firms to keep absence low in jobs with few substitutes. Using Swedish employer–employee data we show that absence is substantially lower in such positions conditional on establishment and occupation fixed effects. The result is driven by employee adjustments of absence to substitutability, and sorting of low (high) absence workers into (out of) positions with few substitutes. These findings highlight that internal substitution insures firms against production disruptions and that absence costs are important aspects of firms’ hiring and separation decisions.
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- 2019
28. Evaluation of temperature stress tolerance in cultivated and wild tomatoes using photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence
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Zhou, Rong, Wu, Zhen, Wang, Xu, Rosenqvist, Eva, Wang, Yinlei, Zhao, Tongmin, and Ottosen, Carl-Otto
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Tomato cultivation at lower or higher temperatures than the optimum negatively affects plant growth and development. Large differences in abiotic stress tolerance have been found between Solanum lycopersicumand wild tomato species. Our aim was to compare temperature stress tolerance in cultivated and wild tomato genotypes to identify cold- and heat-tolerant tomatoes for further utilization in tomato breeding. The maintained net photosynthetic rate (PN) and chlorophyll fluorescence was related to the tolerance of tomatoes at temperature stress. The PNand chlorophyll fluorescence of one cultivated tomato (Ly from S. lycopersicum) and six wild tomatoes genotypes (Ha from Solanum habrochaites, Pe from Solanum pennellii, Pi1 and Pi2 from Solanum pimpinellifolium, Pr1 and Pr2 from Solanum peruvianum) grown at low (12 °C) and high (33 °C) temperatures were compared. The PNof four tomato genotypes during temperature stress were lower than the control, but not in Pe, Pr1, and Pr2. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) of the cultivated tomatoes was lower at both 12 and 33 °C than the control using Handy PEA, whereas Fv/Fmusing MINI-PAM was lower only at 12 °C. The chlorophyll fluorescence OJIP transient (OJIP curve) revealed differences between temperature stress responses and tomato genotype. With the exception of Pr2, the Fv/Fmin wild tomatoes was unaffected by temperature stress; however, they still maintained clear genotype differences for other physiological traits such as PN, quantum yield of PSII (Fq′/Fm′), electron transport rate, non-photochemical quenching, and the fraction of open PSII centers (qL). These results indicated that the wild tomato varieties Pe and Pr1 had the highest temperature stress tolerance, while the cultivated species was the more sensitive to temperature stress in comparison. In general, the wild tomato genotypes were more tolerant to both cold and heat stress than the cultivated tomato, suggesting that these wild species could be used to uncover underlying mechanisms of temperature stress tolerance and will be promising sources of genetic variability for temperature stress tolerance in breeding programs.
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- 2018
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29. Different defibrillation strategies in survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
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Zijlstra, Jolande A, Koster, Rudolph W, Blom, Marieke T, Lippert, Freddy K, Svensson, Leif, Herlitz, Johan, Kramer-Johansen, Jo, Ringh, Mattias, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Palsgaard Møller, Thea, Tan, Hanno L, Beesems, Stefanie G, Hulleman, Michiel, Claesson, Andreas, Folke, Fredrik, Olasveengen, Theresa Mariero, Wissenberg, Mads, Hansen, Carolina Malta, Viereck, Soren, and Hollenberg, Jacob
- Abstract
BackgroundIn the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in the dissemination of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) for prehospital defibrillation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The aim of this study was to study the association between different defibrillation strategies on survival rates over time in Copenhagen, Stockholm, Western Sweden and Amsterdam, and the hypothesis was that non-EMS defibrillation increased over time and was associated with increased survival.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of four prospectively collected cohorts of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients between 2008 and 2013. Emergency medical service (EMS)-witnessed arrests were excluded.ResultsA total of 22 453 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with known survival status were identified, of whom 2957 (13%) survived at least 30 days postresuscitation. Of all survivors with a known defibrillation status, 2289 (81%) were defibrillated, 1349 (59%) were defibrillated by EMS, 454 (20%) were defibrillated by a first responder AED and 429 (19%) were defibrillated by an onsite AED and 57 (2%) were unknown. The percentage of survivors defibrillated by first responder AEDs (from 13% in 2008 to 26% in 2013, p<0.001 for trend) and onsite AEDs (from 14% in 2008 to 30% in 2013, p<0.001 for trend) increased. The increased use of these non-EMS AEDs was associated with the increase in survival rate of patients with a shockable initial rhythm.ConclusionSurvivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are increasingly defibrillated by non-EMS AEDs. This increase is primarily due to a large increase in the use of onsite AEDs as well as an increase in first-responder defibrillation over time. Non-EMS defibrillation accounted for at least part of the increase in survival rate of patients with a shockable initial rhythm.
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- 2018
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30. Highly specific and selective anti-pS396-tau antibody C10.2 targets seeding-competent tau
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Rosenqvist, Nina, Asuni, Ayodeji A., Andersson, Christian R., Christensen, Søren, Daechsel, Justus A., Egebjerg, Jan, Falsig, Jeppe, Helboe, Lone, Jul, Pia, Kartberg, Fredrik, Pedersen, Lars Ø., Sigurdsson, Einar M., Sotty, Florence, Skjødt, Karsten, Stavenhagen, Jeffrey B., Volbracht, Christiane, and Pedersen, Jan T.
- Abstract
The abnormal hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau plays a crucial role in neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies.
- Published
- 2018
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31. Reservoir properties and reactivity of the Faroe Islands Basalt Group: Investigating the potential for CO2 storage in the North Atlantic Igneous Province.
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Rosenqvist, Marija P., Meakins, Max W.J., Planke, Sverre, Millett, John M., Kjøll, Hans Jørgen, Voigt, Martin J., and Jamtveit, Bjørn
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ARCHIPELAGOES ,IGNEOUS provinces ,LAVA flows ,CARBON dioxide ,IMAGE analysis ,GOLD ores ,GAS condensate reservoirs - Abstract
• Brecciated lava flow crusts have the highest reservoir potential in the Faroe Island Basalt Group. • Thick lava flow cores and mineralized crusts may work as seals. • Kinetic experiments reveal primary divalent cation release of Ca
2+ . • Dissolution rates indicate that the rocks would successfully mineralise CO 2. • The study suggests a presence of potential CO 2 storage sites in the offshore NAIP. Offshore injection of CO 2 into volcanic sequences of the North Atlantic Igneous Province may present a large-scale, permanent storage option through carbonate mineralization. To investigate this potential, onshore studies of reservoir properties and reactivity of the subaerially erupted Faroe Islands Basalt Group have been conducted. Outcrop and borehole samples reveal that the lava flow crusts commonly contain vesicles that have been filled with secondary minerals due to hydrothermal fluid circulation, however, unmineralized and highly porous layers do occur. Bulk density measurements, micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) image analysis, and microscope studies of samples from onshore boreholes give present-day porosities ranging from 0.5% to 36.2% in the volcanic sequences. The unmineralized brecciated lava flow crusts contain the largest estimated porosity and simulated absolute permeability (reaching up to 10−12 m2 ). µ-CT studies of the mineralized, brecciated flow crusts indicate initial porosities reaching up to 45%, before clogging. Kinetic experiments of rock dissolution show that the reactivity of the basalt and volcaniclastic sediments depends on the alteration state with more altered basalt being less reactive. However, the presence of reactive, high porosity, and high permeability flow crusts prior to clogging indicate the existence of promising and very large CO 2 reservoirs in less altered offshore sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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32. The effect of typical buoyant flow elements and heat load combinations on room air temperature profile with displacement ventilation.
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Kosonen, Risto, Lastovets, Natalia, Mustakallio, Panu, da Graça, Guilherme Carrilho, Mateus, Nuno M., and Rosenqvist, Marko
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BUOYANT ascent (Hydrodynamics) ,DISPLACEMENT ventilation ,TEMPERATURE lapse rate ,TEMPERATURE measurements ,SMOKE plumes - Abstract
Typically vertical temperature gradient is modelled to be linear over the room height. More advanced models consist of several nodes that allow different slopes for the temperature profile between the nodes. Validation and development of all those models have been based mainly on measurement using low ceiling height (below 3 m). Also, the previous studies have not covered typical flow elements that exist in office buildings. In this study, the performance of a displacement ventilation system is studied using 3.3 m and 5.1 m ceiling heights in a variety of load conditions. Typical buoyant flow elements and heat load combinations were measured in a simulated office room. The experimental study included room air temperature measurements at different heights and locations over the occupied zone in addition to surface measurement and supply and exhaust air temperature measurements. The measurement data was compared with current models. The results show that the major part of the vertical temperature gradient occurs already at low level. With some typical buoyant flow elements there is no benefit if the ceiling is lower or higher level. Also, measurements depict that modelled non-dimensional temperature profile using low ceiling height (about 3 m) is not valid for high ceiling applications (more than 4 m). Multi-node models works quite well with several buoyant flow elements. Still, the proposed multi-node models did not give good estimation of the vertical temperature gradient when warm window surface or heat gains at ceiling level were introduced in the room space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
33. Internalization of tau antibody and pathological tau protein detected with a flow cytometry multiplexing approach.
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Shamir, Dov B., Rosenqvist, Nina, Rasool, Suhail, Pedersen, Jan T., and Sigurdsson, Einar M.
- Abstract
Introduction Tau immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to clear tau aggregates from the brain. Our previous findings suggest that tau antibodies may act outside and within neurons to promote such clearance. Methods We have developed an approach using flow cytometry, a human neuroblastoma cell model overexpressing tau with the P301L mutation, and paired helical filament (PHF)–enriched pathologic tau to effectively screen uptake and retention of tau antibodies in conjunction with PHF. Results The flow cytometry approach correlates well with Western blot analysis to detect internalized antibodies in naïve and transfected SH-SY5Y cells (r 2 = 0.958, and r 2 = 0.968, P = .021 and P = .016, respectively). In transfected cells, more antibodies are taken up/retained as pathologic tau load increases, both under co-treated conditions and when the cells are pretreated with PHF before antibody administration (r 2 = 0.999 and r 2 = 0.999, P = .013 and P = .011, respectively). Discussion This approach allows rapid in vitro screening of antibody uptake and retention in conjunction with pathologic tau protein before more detailed studies in animals or other more complex model systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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34. Criteria for Assessment of Basic Manual Assembly Complexity.
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Falck, Ann-Christine, Örtengren, Roland, Rosenqvist, Mikael, and Söderberg, Rikard
- Abstract
Tough competition force companies to develop and increase their product assortment in order to maintain their market share. This has resulted in numerous product variants with more features and build options. The complexity and risk of quality errors will increase. Managing complex product and installation conditions will result in distinct competitive advantages. Research has shown that sustainable and more cost-efficient assembly solutions can be obtained by proactive improvement of the working environment and installation conditions for the operators. Significant reduction of costly corrective measures can be made. The objective of this paper was to demonstrate criteria for proactive assessment of manual assembly complexity, which have been developed and verified in several studies. A further objective was to clarify and quantify included criteria as far as possible to enable a more general application in manual mass production of complex products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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35. Including Measures of Assembly Complexity in Proactive Geometry Assurance, A Case Study.
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Rosenqvist, Mikael, Falck, Ann-Christine, and Söderberg, Rikard
- Abstract
Geometry assurance is an important part of quality assurance in the manufacturing industry. Typically virtual geometry assurance is done in Computer Aided Tolerancing (CAT) tools. Earlier research shows that assembly complexity influences the product quality but is not considered in CAT simulations. Recently a new robustness value in CAT has been introduced that not only considers sensitivity to variation but also the complexity of the assembly. This study tests this in two industrial case studies. The case studies show good conformance between actual results and simulated results verifying that assembly complexity influences geometrical quality and the benefits of including it in early geometry assurance activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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36. Variation Analysis Considering Manual Assembly Complexity in a CAT Tool.
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Mikael, Rosenqvist, Ann-Christine, Falck, Lars, Lindkvist, and Rikard, Söderberg
- Abstract
Virtual geometry assurance is a key component of today's product development. Much of the virtual geometry assurance is done in Computer Aided Tolerancing (CAT) tools. Earlier research has shown that manual assembly complexity influences the geometrical quality of the product and that assembly tolerances are seldom used in CAT simulations for manual assembly parts. In this study a method for including manual assembly complexity in variation analysis in CAT is introduced and discussed. The method has been tested and implemented in a CAT tool using a real industrial case with promising results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
37. Reduction over time of QTc prolongation in patients with sotalol after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation.
- Author
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Lenhoff, Hanna, Darpö, Börje, Ferber, Georg, Rosenqvist, Mårten, and Frick, Mats
- Abstract
Background: Sotalol is recommended to prevent relapse of atrial fibrillation after cardioversion (CV). Sotalol prolongs the action potential by blocking the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current, which results in corrected QT (QTc) prolongation on the electrocardiogram. Pronounced QTc prolongation may lead to proarrhythmias and sudden death.Objective: We investigated the dynamics of the QTc interval during the week after CV in patients treated with sotalol compared with patients treated with a β-blocker.Methods: Patients who underwent elective CV for persistent atrial fibrillation and maintained sinus rhythm for 1 week were included prospectively. All patients were on the highest tolerable stable dose of metoprolol or sotalol. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms were recorded 1 hour and 1 week after CV.Results: A total of 104 patients on sotalol and 104 on metoprolol were included; clinical characteristics between groups were comparable. One hour after CV, the QTc interval was significantly longer in sotalol-treated patients than in metoprolol-treated patients (465 ± 25 ms vs 423 ± 30 ms; P ≤ .0001). After 1 week, the QTc interval was reduced by -20.3 ± 24 ms in sotalol-treated patients (P ≤ .001); no such effect was seen in metoprolol-treated patients (-2.5 ± 18 ms; P = 0.28). The heart rate was stable during the week in both groups. In multivariate analysis of sotalol-treated patients, factors contributing to pronounced reduction in the QTc interval were longer QTc interval after CV and renal function.Conclusion: The QTc interval is significantly reduced during the week after CV to sinus rhythm in sotalol-treated patients. This provides insight into the increased risk of proarrhythmias in the immediate time period after CV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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38. Screening for Atrial Fibrillation
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Freedman, Ben, Camm, John, Calkins, Hugh, Healey, Jeffrey S., Rosenqvist, Mårten, Wang, Jiguang, Albert, Christine M., Anderson, Craig S., Antoniou, Sotiris, Benjamin, Emelia J., Boriani, Giuseppe, Brachmann, Johannes, Brandes, Axel, Chao, Tze-Fan, Conen, David, Engdahl, Johan, Fauchier, Laurent, Fitzmaurice, David A., Friberg, Leif, Gersh, Bernard J., Gladstone, David J., Glotzer, Taya V., Gwynne, Kylie, Hankey, Graeme J., Harbison, Joseph, Hillis, Graham S., Hills, Mellanie T., Kamel, Hooman, Kirchhof, Paulus, Kowey, Peter R., Krieger, Derk, Lee, Vivian W. Y., Levin, Lars-Åke, Lip, Gregory Y. H., Lobban, Trudie, Lowres, Nicole, Mairesse, Georges H., Martinez, Carlos, Neubeck, Lis, Orchard, Jessica, Piccini, Jonathan P., Poppe, Katrina, Potpara, Tatjana S., Puererfellner, Helmut, Rienstra, Michiel, Sandhu, Roopinder K., Schnabel, Renate B., Siu, Chung-Wah, Steinhubl, Steven, Svendsen, Jesper H., Svennberg, Emma, Themistoclakis, Sakis, Tieleman, Robert G., Turakhia, Mintu P., Tveit, Arnljot, Uittenbogaart, Steven B., Van Gelder, Isabelle C., Verma, Atul, Wachter, Rolf, and Yan, Bryan P.
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.Approximately 10% of ischemic strokes are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) first diagnosed at the time of stroke. Detecting asymptomatic AF would provide an opportunity to prevent these strokes by instituting appropriate anticoagulation. The AF-SCREEN international collaboration was formed in September 2015 to promote discussion and research about AF screening as a strategy to reduce stroke and death and to provide advocacy for implementation of country-specific AF screening programs. During 2016, 60 expert members of AF-SCREEN, including physicians, nurses, allied health professionals, health economists, and patient advocates, were invited to prepare sections of a draft document. In August 2016, 51 members met in Rome to discuss the draft document and consider the key points arising from it using a Delphi process. These key points emphasize that screen-detected AF found at a single timepoint or by intermittent ECG recordings over 2 weeks is not a benign condition and, with additional stroke factors, carries sufficient risk of stroke to justify consideration of anticoagulation. With regard to the methods of mass screening, handheld ECG devices have the advantage of providing a verifiable ECG trace that guidelines require for AF diagnosis and would therefore be preferred as screening tools. Certain patient groups, such as those with recent embolic stroke of uncertain source (ESUS), require more intensive monitoring for AF. Settings for screening include various venues in both the community and the clinic, but they must be linked to a pathway for appropriate diagnosis and management for screening to be effective. It is recognized that health resources vary widely between countries and health systems, so the setting for AF screening should be both country- and health system-specific. Based on current knowledge, this white paper provides a strong case for AF screening now while recognizing that large randomized outcomes studies would be helpful to strengthen the evidence base.
- Published
- 2017
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39. Discovery of the Showdomycin Gene Cluster from Streptomyces showdoensisATCC 15227 Yields Insight into the Biosynthetic Logic of C-Nucleoside Antibiotics
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Palmu, Kaisa, Rosenqvist, Petja, Thapa, Keshav, Ilina, Yulia, Siitonen, Vilja, Baral, Bikash, Mäkinen, Janne, Belogurov, Georgi, Virta, Pasi, Niemi, Jarmo, and Metsä-Ketelä, Mikko
- Abstract
Nucleoside antibiotics are a large class of pharmaceutically relevant chemical entities, which exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. Most nucleosides belong to the canonical N-nucleoside family, where the heterocyclic unit is connected to the carbohydrate through a carbon–nitrogen bond. However, atypical C-nucleosides were isolated from Streptomycesbacteria over 50 years ago, but the molecular basis for formation of these metabolites has been unknown. Here, we have sequenced the genome of S. showdoensisATCC 15227 and identified the gene cluster responsible for showdomycin production. Key to the detection was the presence of sdmA, encoding an enzyme of the pseudouridine monophosphate glycosidase family, which could catalyze formation of the C-glycosidic bond. Sequence analysis revealed an unusual combination of biosynthetic genes, while inactivation and subsequent complementation of sdmAconfirmed the involvement of the locus in showdomycin formation. The study provides the first steps toward generation of novel C-nucleosides by pathway engineering.
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- 2017
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40. Prevalence of feline haemoplasma in cats in Denmark
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Rosenqvist, Maja, Meilstrup, Ann-Katrine, Larsen, Jesper, Olsen, John, Jensen, Asger, and Thomsen, Line
- Abstract
Infections with the three feline haemotropic mycoplasmas Mycoplasma haemofelis, CandidatusMycoplasma haemominutum and CandidatusMycoplasma turicensis cause feline infectious anemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of carriage of feline haemoplasma in Danish cats in different age groups. The presence was detected by a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay on blood samples as well as by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The study revealed a prevalence of 14.9% CandidatusMycoplasma haemominutum positive cats and 1.5% Mycoplasma haemofelispositive cats. No cats were found positive for CandidatusMycoplasma turicensis. The results showed a statistically significant higher prevalence in older (>8 years) cats compared to younger cats and a higher prevalence among domestic cats compared to purebred cats. As part of this study, we developed a cloning strategy to obtain Danish positive controls of haemoplasma 16S rRNA. From convenience-sampled cats in Denmark, we found that 16.4% were carriers of feline haemotropic mycoplasmas. Haemoplasma was mostly found in older and domestic cats. The prevalence found in Denmark is similar to that found in several other European countries.
- Published
- 2016
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41. Book Review: Making Morality Work
- Author
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Rosenqvist, Simon
- Published
- 2019
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42. GaMin’11 – an International Inter-laboratory Comparison for Geochemical CO2 - Saline Fluid - Mineral Interaction Experiments.
- Author
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Ostertag-Henning, null, Risse, A., Thomas, B., Rosenbauer, R., Rochelle, C., Purser, G., Kilpatrick, null, Rosenqvist, J., Yardley, B., Karamalidis, A., Griffith, C., Hedges, S., Dilmore, R., Goodman, A., Black, J., Haese, R., Deusner, C., Bigalke, N., Haeckel, M., and Fischer, S.
- Abstract
Due to the strong interest in geochemical CO2-fluid-rock interaction in the context of geological storage of CO2 a growing number of research groups have used a variety of different experimental ways to identify important geochemical dissolution or precipitation reactions and – if possible – quantify the rates and extent of mineral or rock alteration. In this inter-laboratory comparison the gas-fluid-mineral reactions of three samples of rock-forming minerals have been investigated by 11 experimental labs. The reported results point to robust identification of the major processes in the experiments by most groups. The dissolution rates derived from the changes in composition of the aqueous phase are consistent overall, but the variation could be reduced by using similar corrections for changing parameters in the reaction cells over time. The comparison of experimental setups and procedures as well as of data corrections identified potential improvements for future gas-fluid-rock studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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43. Geometrical Robustness Analysis Considering Manual Assembly Complexity.
- Author
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Rosenqvist, null, Mikael, null, Falck, null, Ann-Christin, null, Lars, Lindkvist, Söderberg, null, and Rikard, null
- Abstract
The manufacturing industry is focused on geometry assurance. Much of the virtual geometry assurance is done in Computer Aided Tolerancing (CAT) tools. Earlier research shows that assembly complexity influences the product quality but is not considered when geometry systems (locators and tolerances) are defined. Further previous research shows CAT simulations do not predict all the variation and therefore additional factors need to be included to improve accuracy. In this study, a robustness value for a geometry system solution based both on geometrical sensitivity and manual assembly complexity has been introduced. Calculation methods have been tested and implemented in a CAT tool using a real industrial case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Pseudouridine-Modifying Enzymes SapB and SapH Control Entry into the Pseudouridimycin Biosynthetic Pathway
- Author
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Artukka, Erika, Schnell, Robert, Palmu, Kaisa, Rosenqvist, Petja, Szodorai, Edit, Niemi, Jarmo, Virta, Pasi, Schneider, Gunter, and Metsä-Ketelä, Mikko
- Abstract
Pseudouridimycin is a microbial C-nucleoside natural product that specifically inhibits bacterial RNA polymerases by binding to the active site and competing with uridine triphosphate for the nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) addition site. Pseudouridimycin consists of 5′-aminopseudouridine and formamidinylated, N-hydroxylated Gly–Gln dipeptide moieties to allow Watson–Crick base pairing and to mimic protein–ligand interactions of the triphosphates of NTP, respectively. The metabolic pathway of pseudouridimycin has been studied in Streptomycesspecies, but no biosynthetic steps have been characterized biochemically. Here, we show that the flavin-dependent oxidase SapB functions as a gate-keeper enzyme selecting pseudouridine (KM= 34 μM) over uridine (KM= 901 μM) in the formation of pseudouridine aldehyde. The pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent SapH catalyzes transamination, resulting in 5′-aminopseudouridine with a preference for arginine, methionine, or phenylalanine as cosubstrates as amino group donors. The binary structure of SapH in complex with pyridoxamine-5′-phosphate and site-directed mutagenesis identified Lys289 and Trp32 as key residues for catalysis and substrate binding, respectively. The related C-nucleoside oxazinomycin was accepted as a substrate by SapB with moderate affinity (KM= 181 μM) and was further converted by SapH, which opens possibilities for metabolic engineering to generate hybrid C-nucleoside pseudouridimycin analogues in Streptomyces.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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45. Guidelines for Planning Afforestation of Former Arable Land.
- Author
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Werger, M. J. A., Heil, Gerrit W., Muys, Bart, Hansen, Karin, Hansen, K., Vesterdal, L., Muys, B., Gilliams, S., Rosenqvist, L., Salm, C., Elemans, M., Gon, H. Denier, Gundersen, P., Johansson, M-B., Orshoven, J. Van, Heil, G., Kros, H., Bleeker, A., Van Deursen, W., and Stendahl, J.
- Abstract
Afforestation objectives vary from one country to another and even within countries. Apart from the objectives, the specific conditions from a biophysical, environmental and socio-economic point of view should always be considered throughout the entire afforestation process, from policy decisions through location of the new forest, establishment and management, and the final utilisation of the forest. Decisions on how and where to afforest, and how much these decisions will affect the environmental impacts should ultimately be a compromise between the site quality in terms of climate, soil and preceding land-use, the initial goals set by planners and managers, and the stakeholders' preferences. The focus of AFFOREST has been on building knowledge and capacity to support decisions regarding afforestation of former arable land with respect to changes in C and N pools and fluxes and changes in water recharge. The guidelines in this chapter are based on literature reviews, the experimental data from chronosequences of afforested stands in Denmark, Sweden, and the Netherlands (described in Chapter 2, 3 and 4), and on the developed mechanistic metamodel (METAFORE) and the spatial Decision Support System (AFFOREST-sDSS) (Chapter 7, 8, 9 and 10). The structure of the guidelines is based on questions and corresponding answers under the main themes of water recharge, nitrate leaching, C sequestration, diversity of understory vegetation and complex questions involving more than one of the first three issues. Hopefully, the guidelines will be helpful and inspire landscape and forest planners in planning how and where afforestation should take place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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46. Nitrogen Deposition and Nitrate Leaching Following Afforestation: Experiences from Oak and Norway Spruce Chronosequences in Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands.
- Author
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Werger, M. J. A., Heil, Gerrit W., Muys, Bart, Hansen, Karin, Rosenqvist, L., Hansen, K., Vesterdal, L., Gon, H. Denier, Salm, C., Bleeker, A., and Johansson, M.-B.
- Abstract
Knowledge on the impact of afforestation of arable land on N deposition and leaching of nitrate to groundwater and surface waters is limited. In the AFFOREST project we evaluated nitrogen (N) deposition and nitrate leaching following afforestation of cropland. Two oak (Quercus robur) and four Norway spruce (Picea abies) afforestation chronosequences (age range 1 to 90 years) were studied with respect to deposition and nitrate leaching in Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands. This paper presents a synthesis of these six chronosequence experiments. Three to six forest stands of Norway spruce and/or common oak were monitored in each chronosequence for a period of two years. In each stand, throughfall and soil solutions beneath the root zone were sampled and nitrate leaching was calculated. For all sites and tree species, the throughfall deposition of N increased with stand height (and age). The forests varied substantially in their ability to retain N in the ecosystem. No consistent pattern was apparent in the three countries. However, in some chronosequences nitrate leaching was low or negligible in the early phase of afforestation and increased after canopy closure (> 15-20 years). In general, nutrient-rich clayey soils leached more nitrate than nutrient-poor sandy soils. In the first approximate 35 years after afforestation, nitrate leaching below the root zone was generally higher below oak than below Norway spruce. The presented results are compared to available studies and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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47. Interception and Water Recharge Following Afforestation: Experiences from Oak and Norway Spruce Chronosequences in Denmark, Sweden and The Netherlands.
- Author
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Werger, M. J. A., Heil, Gerrit W., Muys, Bart, Hansen, Karin, Salm, C., Rosenqvist, L., Vesterdal, L., Hansen, K., Gon, H. Denier, Bleeker, A., Wieggers, R., and Toorn, A.
- Abstract
The long-term effects of afforestation on hydrological fluxes were investigated using a series of forests of different age planted on comparable soils (chronosequences) in Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands. Rainfall, throughfall, soil moisture contents and groundwater dynamics were monitored at two oak chronosequences and four spruce chronosequences during a period of one to two years. At all chronosequences, the hydrological fluxes were simulated using a hydrological simulation model. The model was validated on measured throughfall data, soil water contents and Cl fluxes. Afforestation has a clear influence on the water recharge of the considered sites. Water recharge is generally lower under spruce compared to oak. In the spruce stands 5-30% of the incoming precipitation leads to water recharge to ground and surface water, whereas water recharge in the oak stands ranges between 20-35% of the precipitation. In general, water recharge declined with an increase of the stand age. At the oak stands leaching decreased from 35 to 20% of the precipitation in the first 30 years. In the spruce stands the water recharge varied considerable between the four investigated chronosequences but in general, the decline in water recharge was approximately 100-150 mm (10-20%). In both oak and spruce stands, losses by soil evaporation slightly declined. Transpiration slightly increased in the oak stands and transpiration remained fairly stable in the spruce stands. It can be concluded that afforestation leads to a reduction in water recharge compared to agricultural use. This reduction is mainly due to an increase in interception evaporation. The strongest reduction is found when sites are afforested with dense spruce forests. The smallest impact is found in open deciduous forest, which has lower interception evaporation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Carbon Sequestration in Soil and Biomass Following Afforestation: Experiences from Oak and Norway Spruce Chronosequences in Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands.
- Author
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Werger, M. J. A., Heil, Gerrit W., Muys, Bart, Hansen, Karin, Vesterdal, L., Rosenqvist, L., Salm, C., Hansen, K., Groenenberg, B.-J., and Johansson, M.-B.
- Abstract
There is limited knowledge of the contribution of afforested arable land to mitigation of greenhouse effects. In the AFFOREST project we evaluated the rate and magnitude of carbon (C) sequestration in biomass and soils following afforestation of cropland. Two oak (Quercus robur) and four Norway spruce (Picea abies) afforestation chronosequences (age range 1 to 90 years) were studied with respect to C sequestration in Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands. Biomass C sequestration ranged between 2.7 and 4.6 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 for stands younger than 45 years with no clear influence of different site characteristics. Such effects were probably masked by the soil enrichment, which is a legacy of former agriculture. Biomass C sequestration differed more between sites after 40-50 years owing to different management, tree species-specific growth patterns and less influence of former fertilization. For the total soil compartment studied, i.e. forest floor and mineral soil 0-25 cm, afforestation of cropland as a minimum resulted in unchanged soil C contents and in most cases led to net C sequestration. Rates of soil C sequestration ranged from being negligible in two of the Danish chronosequences to 1.3 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 for the Dutch chronosequence. The allocation of sequestered soil C was also quite different among chronosequences. While forest floor development consistently led to C sequestration, there was no general pattern in mineral soil C sequestration. In the short term (30 years), tree species had little influence on total soil C sequestration. Afforestation of nutrient-poor sandy soils seemed to result in larger C sequestration in forest floors and the whole soil than afforestation of nutrient-rich, clayey soils. For the afforested ecosystem as a whole, the general contribution of soils to C sequestration (i.e. to a net gain in C stock) was about one third of the total C sequestration. The contribution of soil varied among the chronosequences from none to 31%, which is not far from reported contributions of soil in similar studies. In the short term (30-40 years), total C sequestration was higher in Norway spruce than in oak whereas soil type did not clearly influence the rate of C sequestration. The work in AFFOREST has improved the knowledge of C sequestration in afforested cropland. The new results may help to bridge the gap between existing knowledge and policy demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Determination of Antibody Responses to Meningococcal Antigens by ELISA.
- Author
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Walker, John M., Maiden, Martin C.J., Rosenqvist, Einar, Käyhty, Helena, and Pollard, Andrew J.
- Abstract
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, EIA) is a highly versatile and sensitive technique that can be used for quantitative as well as qualitative determination of almost any antigen or antibody. Reagents are stable, non-radioactive and, in most cases, commercially available. Owing to the simplicity and versatility of the method, ELISA represents probably one of the most used methods for studying antibody responses and antibody levels. Since Engvall and Perlman's first paper describing the ELISA in 1971 (1), almost all laboratories working in serology or immunology have designed their own assays with different protocols for coating with antigens, incubation conditions, detecting systems, and ways of reporting of the results. In most cases, there is no need for strict interlaboratory standardization of ELISAs and each laboratory will develop a system that suits their needs. However, for some ELISAs, e.g., used in diagnostic laboratories and in vaccine trials, standardization is important, and this is considered in "Meningococcal Disease" Edited by AJ Pollard and MCJ Maiden, (1a). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Outer Membrane Protein Vesicle Vaccines for Meningococcal Disease.
- Author
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Walker, John M., Pollard, Andrew J., Maiden, Martin C.J., Frasch, Carl E., van Alphen, Loek, Holst, Johan, Poolman, Jan T., and Rosenqvist, Einar
- Abstract
Alternative strategies exist for prevention of group B Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcal) disease through vaccination (seeChapters 5, 8, 13, 14 in this volume). However, the most promising approach to date has been the use of outer-membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines for induction of bactericidal antibodies against cell-surface outer-membrane proteins (OMPs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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