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Anthropogenic pollution poses a threat to marine conservation by causing chronic toxic effects. Seabirds have contact throughout their lives with pollutants like plastic, metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides such as hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). We assessed 155 Manx shearwaters (Puffinus puffinus) stranded along the Brazilian coast, analyzing associations between organic pollutants, plastic ingestion, biomarkers (transcript levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor , cytochrome P450-1A-5 [ CYP1A5 ], UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase [ UGT1 ], estrogen receptor alpha-1 [ ESR1 ], and heat shock protein-70 genes) and enzymes activity (ethoxy-resorufin O-deethylase and glutathione S -transferase [GST]). Plastic debris was found in 29 % of the birds. The transcription of UGT1 and CYP1A5 was significantly associated with hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and PCBs levels. ESR1 was associated with HCB and Mirex, and GST was associated with Drins and Mirex. While organic pollutants affected shearwaters more than plastic ingestion, reducing plastic availability remains relevant as xenobiotics are also potentially adsorbed onto plastics. [Display omitted] • Organic pollutants and plastic ingestion were monitored in Manx shearwaters for five years. • Plastic debris was found in 29 % of the 155 birds surveyed. • HCB, PCBs, Drins and Mirex influenced transcription of biomarkers of organic pollutants. • Drins and Mirex are the most explanatory variables for GST enzymatic activity. • Biotransformation biomarkers were consistent measuring response of seabirds to ocean pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]