1. Self-reported smoking, urine cotinine, and risk of type 2 diabetes: Findings from the PREVEND prospective cohort study.
- Author
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Kunutsor, Setor K., Tetteh, John, Dey, Richard S., Touw, Daan J., Dullaart, Robin P.F., and Bakker, Stephan J.L.
- Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the evidence has mostly relied on self-reports. We aimed to compare the associations of smoking exposure as assessed by self-reports and urine cotinine with T2D. Using the PREVEND prospective study, smoking status was assessed at baseline by self-reports and urine cotinine in 4708 participants (mean age, 53 years) without a history of diabetes. Participants were classified as never, former, light current and heavy current smokers according to self-reports and analogous cut-offs for urine cotinine. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were estimated for T2D. During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, 259 participants developed T2D. Compared with self-reported never smokers, the multivariable adjusted HRs (95% CI) of T2D for former, light current, and heavy current smokers were 1.02 (0.75–1.4), 1.41 (0.89–2.22), and 1.30 (0.88–1.93), respectively. The corresponding adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 0.84 (0.43–1.67), 1.61 (1.12–2.31), and 1.58 (1.08–2.32), respectively, as assessed by urine cotinine. Urine cotinine-assessed but not self-reported smoking status improved T2D risk prediction beyond established risk factors. Urine cotinine assessed smoking status may be a stronger risk indicator and predictor of T2D compared to self-reported smoking status. • The misclassification rate of active smokers due to self-reporting was 5.4%. • Self-reported smoking was modestly associated with type 2 diabetes. • Cotinine-assessed light smoking was independently associated with type 2 diabetes. • Urine cotinine-assessed but not self-reported smoking improved risk prediction. • Urine cotinine-assessed smoking is a stronger risk indicator of type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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