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Copyright of Biota Neotropica (Edicao em Iingles) is the property of Biota Neotropica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many advances have been made to understand the pathogenesis of primary autoinflammatory syndromes. Several NOD-like receptors, such as NLRP3, NLRC4 and NLRP12 are at the center stage of the different types of familial cold autoinflammatory syndromes, but the mechanisms that govern their activation after cold exposure still need clarification. Here, I discuss several studies that demonstrate a link between cold-induced proteins and NLRP3, NLRC4 and NLRP12 activation, in particular, heat shock protein (HSP) 90 and death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). Therefore, I hypothesize that cold-induced proteins lead to inflammasome assembly, and suggest a methodological approach to validate the here proposed hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biota Neotropica (Edicao em Iingles) is the property of Biota Neotropica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

SARS-CoV-2 infection intrigued medicine with diverse outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and death. After more than two years of pandemic, reports of reinfection concern researchers and physicists. Here, we will discuss potential mechanisms that can explain reinfections, including the aggravated ones. The major topics of this hypothesis paper are the disbalance between interferon and antibodies responses, HLA heterogeneity among the affected population, and increased proportion of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells polarization in relation to T follicular cells (Tfh) subtypes. These features affect antibody levels and hamper the humoral immunity necessary to prevent or minimize the viral burden in the case of reinfections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter focuses on how children learn through work in ongoing family and community endeavors in an Indigenous Mexican (Mixe) community, where cultural values emphasize that human dignity is derived from work and from collaboration with the work of other people, animals, and the natural world. The chapter highlights the central role that work plays in children's learning, and how attentive and more casual observation and accomplishment of endeavors are important tools that children employ in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of nuclear fission is governed by well-understood physical laws that may cause specific and predictable changes in the nuclear fuels resulting from, for instance, the type of nuclear reactor, fuel type and its irradiation history, or aspects associated with energy production through the buildup of fission products and the transmutation of heavy metals. All such information, compiled in a national nuclear forensic library (NNFL), can be an important tool during the identification of a seized unknown sample, allowing linking of information concerning its irradiation history, the type of reactor or even the origin of the sample. The usefulness of an NNFL depends on not only the quantity or quality of the available data, but also on the capacity of the investigators to identify, correlate, and interpret the main characteristics identified, or measured, in the seized sample. This paper describes the strategy adopted by the Brazilian team during the virtual, web-based Galaxy Serpent Exercise,1 coordinated by the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group, where an NNFL was developed and used to identify a hypothetical unknown sample. Our experience demonstrated the importance of knowledge of nuclear reactions in order to identify parameters that are most relevant during the technical evaluation. Then, using these, the importance of simple isotopic correlations can be used to verify the consistency of the available information before invoking more complex multivariate statistical techniques. Based on our investigation the hypothetical seizure, which was determined to come from a boiling water reactor, was conclusively found not to have originated from a reactor in our model NNFL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]