1. Clinical characteristics and treatment exposure of patients with marked treatment-resistant unipolar major depressive disorder: A RECOVER trial report.
- Author
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Conway, Charles R., Aaronson, Scott T., Sackeim, Harold A., Duffy, Walter, Stedman, Mary, Quevedo, João, Allen, Rebecca M., Riva-Posse, Patricio, Berger, Matthew A., Alva, Gustavo, Malik, Mohd Azfar, Dunner, David L., Cichowicz, Ivan, Luing, Heather, Zajecka, John, Nahas, Ziad, Mickey, Brian J., Kablinger, Anita S., Kriedt, Christopher L., and Bunker, Mark T.
- Abstract
RECOVER is a randomized sham-controlled trial of vagus nerve stimulation and the largest such trial conducted with a psychiatric neuromodulation intervention. To describe pre-implantation baseline clinical characteristics and treatment history of patients with unipolar, major depressive disorder (MDD), overall and as a function of exposure to interventional psychiatric treatments (INTs), including electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and esketamine. Medical, psychiatric, and treatment records were reviewed by study investigators and an independent Study Eligibility Committee prior to study qualification. Clinical characteristics and treatment history (using Antidepressant Treatment History [Short] Form) were compared in those qualified (N = 493) versus not qualified (N = 228) for RECOVER, and among the qualified group as a function of exposure to INTs during the current major depressive episode (MDE). Unipolar MDD patients who qualified for RECOVER had marked TRD (median of 11.0 lifetime failed antidepressant treatments), severe disability (median WHODAS score of 50.0), and high rate of baseline suicidality (77% suicidal ideation, 40% previous suicide attempts). Overall, 71% had received at least one INT. Compared to the no INT group, INT recipients were younger and more severely depressed (QIDS-C, QIDS-SR), had greater suicidal ideation, earlier diagnosis of MDD, and failed more antidepressant medication trials. RECOVER-qualified unipolar patients had marked TRD and marked treatment resistance with most failing one or more prior INTs. Treatment with ≥1 INTs in the current MDE was associated with earlier age of MDD onset, more severe clinical presentation, and greater treatment resistance relative to patients without a history of INT. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03887715. [Display omitted] • 493 well characterized patients with marked unipolar TRD enrolled at multiple sites, after vetting by independent review. • Marked lifetime resistance: 11.0 median antidepressant treatment failures. • Marked disability: a median WHO Disability Assessment Scale (WHODAS) score of 50.0. • High rate of baseline suicidality: 77% reported suicidal ideation and 40% had previous suicide attempts. • ECT, TMS, or ESK use in current episode was associated with greater treatment resistance, symptom severity, and earlier onset age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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