Search

Background Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) has a strong function of tumor suppression involving apoptosis regulation, autophagy, and metastasis inhibition. Hypermethylation of CpG islands in DAPK gene promoter region is one of the important ways to inactivate this tumor suppressor gene, which might promote lung carcinogenesis. However, the clinicopathological significance of the DAPK promoter hypermethylation in lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis trying to estimate the clinicopathological significance of DAPK promoter hypermethylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods A detailed literature search for publications relevant to DAPK gene promoter methylation and NSCLC was made in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CSTJ, Wanfang databases, and SinoMed (CBM). The random-effects model and fixed-effects model were utilized to pool the relative ratio based on the heterogeneity test in the meta-analysis.Results A total of 41 studies with 3348 patients were included. The frequency of DAPK methylation was significantly higher in NSCLC than in non-malignant control (odds ratio (OR) = 6.88, 95% confidence interval (CI):  4.17–11.35, P< 0.00001). The pooled results also showed that DAPK gene promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with poor prognosis for overall survival in patients with NSCLC (hazard ratio: 1.23, 95% CI:1.01–1.52, P= 0.04). Moreover, DAPK gene promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01–1.54, P= 0.04) and smoking behavior (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.04–1.93, P= 0.03) but not with TNM stage, tumor differentiation, age, or gender.Conclusion DAPK promoter hypermethylation might be a candidate diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker for NSCLC.

Background The diagnostic value of six tumor markers was investigated and the appropriate combinations of those tumor markers to discriminate small cell lung cancer was explored.Methods Patients suspected with lung cancer (1938) were retrospectively analyzed. Candidate tumor markers from carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), and progastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) were selected to construct a logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for evaluating the diagnostic value of the tumor markers and the predictive model.Results ProGRP had the highest positive rate (72.3%) in diagnosed small cell lung cancer, followed by neuron-specific enolase (68.3%), CYFRA21-1 (50.5%), carcinoembryonic antigen (45.5%), tissue polypeptide antigen (30.7%), and squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (5.9%). The predictive model for small cell lung cancer discrimination was established, which yielded the highest area under the curve (0.888; 95% confidence interval: 0.846–0.929), with a sensitivity of 71.3%, a specificity of 95.0%, a positive predictive value of 49.0%, and a negative predictive value of 98.0%.Conclusions Combining tumor markers can improve the efficacy for small cell lung cancer discrimination. A predictive model has been established in small cell lung cancer differential diagnosis with preferable efficacy.

To enhance our comprehension of the fundamental mechanisms driving tumor metabolism and metastasis, it is essential to dynamically monitor intratumoral lipid droplet (LD) and collagen processes in vivo. Traditional LD analysis in tumors predominantly relies on observations of in vitro cells or tissue slices, which unfortunately hinder real-time insights into the dynamic behavior of LDs during in vivo tumor progression. In this study, we developed a dual-modality imaging technique that combines coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy for in vivo monitoring of tumor LDs and collagen alterations, assisted by a murine breast cancer 4T1 cell-based dorsal skinfold window. Specifically, we accomplished real-time observations and quantitative analysis of the LD size, density, and collagen alignment within living tumors through CARS/SHG imaging. Additionally, our findings demonstrate that real-time LD monitoring provides a valuable means of assessing the efficacy of anticancer drugs in vivo. We evaluated the impact of adipose activators on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and tumor suppression by monitoring changes in LD size and density. Overall, this study highlights the potential of dual-modality CARS/SHG microscopy as a sensitive and flexible tool for antitumor therapeutic strategies.

Urban–rural integrated development is the priority task of China due to the wide development gap between cities and villages caused by the most rapid economic growth in history. In the province–city–town–village administrative system of China, town, as the smallest urban form, is the social, economic, and cultural center of a rural area and becomes the key to many development problems. An improved township enhances living standards and creates numerous jobs in rural areas, and it will provide opportunities for urban–rural sustainable integration. This paper introduces three typical rural forms in Nantong and demonstrates the objective fact that rural form is an important manifestation of residents’ living habits, historical context, and the regional characteristics of rural areas. Then, this study aims to find the close inner relationship between rural form and town development through a comparative study of morphological indicators. Therefore, on the basis of full understanding of rural forms, this study proposes that town development from the perspective of serving the countryside, improving the quality of life of rural residents, and protecting the rural landscape texture with regional characteristics is the development mode conforming to the spirit of sustainable development.

Inhibitor of differentiation 4 (Id4) plays an important role in tumorigenesis, but its role in cancer chemoresistance remains unclear. Our study showed that Id4expression in cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells was higher than that in parental A549 cells. Moreover, overexpression of Id4in A549 cells results in cisplatin resistance and apoptosis inhibition, while increasing the IC50for cisplatin through activation of phospho-p38 MAPK. However, Id4knockdown in A549/DDP cells was shown to resensitize A549/DDP cells to cisplatin and induce apoptosis, as well as decrease the IC50for cisplatin through inactivation of phospho-p38 MAPK. In addition, a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) could partly reverse both Id4-reduced apoptosis and Id4-induced cisplatin resistance. These results suggest that Id4inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma, partially through activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. Our research indicates that Id4may be a new target for non-small-cell lung cancer treatment.

AbstractBackground:Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thymectomy has become a feasible treatment for myasthenia gravis (MG) in recent years. The objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the perioperative characteristics, safety, and completely stable remission rate in patients with MG who received VATS or open thymectomy (OT).Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and CNKI for related articles using combinations of the search terms video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy, transsternal thymectomy, and MG. The inter-study heterogeneity was assessed by χ2-based Qstatistics, and the extent of inconsistency was generated by I2statistics.Results:A total of 12 studies with 1173 patients were included, and there was no difference in the operation time (p = 0.08) and ICU time (p = 0.14) between the two groups, but VATS thymectomy was associated with less intra-operation blood loss and hospital time (p < 0.00001). VATS was also associated with lower rates of total complication (OR =0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.94; p = 0.03) and myasthenic crisis (OR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28–0.92; p = 0.03), but the rates of pneumonia (OR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.29–1.32; p = 0.21) and complete remission rate (CSR) (OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.38–1.09; p = 0.10) had no obvious differences between the VATS and OT groups.Conclusion:Patients with MG undergoing VATS thymectomy achieved better surgical outcomes and fewer complications than those who received OT.

In contrast to cardiomyocytes, autophagy in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) during ischemiareperfusion (IR) injury has not been fully investigated. Tongxinluo (TXL), a traditional Chinese medicine, was shown to be vascular protective. We aimed to elucidate the role of autophagy and its regulatory mechanisms by TXL in CMECs subjected to IR injury. CMECs were exposed to different treatments for 30 minutes and subjected to hypoxiareoxygenation each for 2 hours. The results indicated that hypoxiareoxygenation significantly induced autophagy, as identified by an increased number of monodansylcadaverine-positive CMECs, increased autophagosome formation, and a higher type IItype I of light chain 3 ratio, but not Beclin-1 expression. Autophagy inhibition using 3-methyladenine was proapoptotic, but rapamycin-induced autophagy was antiapoptotic. TXL enhanced autophagy and decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, reaching its largest effect at 800 gmL. 3-methyladenine attenuated the TXL-promoted autophagy and antiapoptotic effects, whereas rapamycin had no additional effects compared with TXL alone. TXL upregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation; however, PD98059 abrogated ERK phosphorylation and decreased autophagy and increased apoptosis compared with TXL alone. These results suggest that autophagy is a protective mechanism in CMECs subjected to IR injury and that TXL can promote autophagy through activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinaseERK pathway.

As the rapid growth of national economy and further development of city construction, the exploitation of high-rise buildings and underground buildings is augmenting gradually, and leading to more and more deep foundation excavation that embrace difficult design, complicated construction technology, vulnerability to circumstance and other complex characteristics. A lot of accidents happen to deep foundation excavation in China every year, which severely affected our daily life and brought great losses to the corporations. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out effective risk management on the deep foundation excavation based on on-site surveys. This paper ascertains the main risks by the way of RBS, and with the help of adjudication by the experts and AHP methods, calculates the weights and makes sequence, then determines different corresponding risks followed by strategies put forward, so as to lay foundation for risk management in the construction corporation to effectively reduce the risk possibility and losses.

In order to enhances the battle efficiency and transport support ability, accomplish the central task of “perform duties, counterterrorism, handle thunderbolt”, it has a very important significance to strengthen the safety administration of vehicle and prevent traffic accident. the paper from a safety administration point of view, set up a transport safety ensuring effectiveness evaluation indices system for the Armed Police Force(APF),and calculated the weight of the indices using AHP method. Finally, Based on the theories of Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory, the comprehensive evaluation model on transport safety ensuring effectiveness of APF is established.

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon-germanium (a-SiGe:H) alloy thin films were fabricated by conventional radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) with a gas mixture of silane (SiH4) and germane (GeH4). The structural, optical and electrical properties of the films with different gas volume fraction of germane were investigated by Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and I-V curves, respectively. The amorphous network and structural disorder in the a-SiGe:H thin films were evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the Si-H and Ge-H configurations of the films were investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. From UV-vis spectroscopy and I-V curves, the optical and electrical properties of the testing films could be deduced with varied germanium. It can be concluded that the structural and photoelectronic properties of a-SiGe:H thin films can be influenced apparently by varing of GeH4/(SiH4+ GeH4) ratio in PECVD process.

Abstract: In the present study, we express the quality, function, and characteristics of architecture to help people comprehensively understand what architecture is. We also reveal the problems and conflict found in population, land, water resources, pollution, energy, and the organization systems in construction. China’s economy is transforming. We should focus on the cities, architectural environment, energy conservation, emission-reduction, and low-carbon output that will result in successful green development. We should macroscopically and microscopically analyze the development, from the natural environment to the artificial environment; from the relationship between human beings and nature to the combination of social ecology in cities, and farmlands. We must learn to develop and control them harmoniously and scientifically to provide a foundation for the methods used in architecture research.

Abstract: Objective: To design a new draining method for near total thyroidectomy at the lower two sides of the neck. Methods: Near total thyroidectomies in 63 cases were performed with new drain incisions at the lower two sides of the neck between December 1998 and July 2004. Results: All the draining operative procedures were performed smoothly, and all produced cosmetic scars were effective. The mean amount drained was 38 ml (minimum 10 ml, maximum 120 ml) and no patient developed wound infection. Conclusion: The drain incision for near total thyroidectomy placed at the lower sides of the neck results in a cosmetic scar which is easily covered by the collar, and was safe and effective. We thereby recommend the use of this drain incision for near total thyroidectomy.

Abstract: In this paper, using capacity theory and extension theorem of Lipschitz functions we first discuss the uniqueness of weak solution of nonhomogeneous quasilinear elliptic equations −div A p (x, u) + a p (x, u) = f (x) in space W (θ, p) (Ω), which is bigger than W (θ, p) (Ω). Next, using revise reverse H�lder inequality we prove that if ω c is uniformly p-think, then there exists a neighborhood U of p, such that for all t ∈ U, the weak solutions of equation corresponding t are bounded uniformly. Finally, we get the stability of weak solutions on exponent p.

AbstractBased on the kairomone from the accessory gland of female Bombyx morielicting the parasitoid, Telenomus theophilae, to parasitize artifical beads. A cDNA expression library of enrich kairomone gene was constructed using mRNA‐rich secretory portion of the accessory glands of B. moriat the 9– day‐old of pupa. The titer of the unamplified library was 3.29 times 104pfu/μL with a recombinant rate of 90.05%, and titer of amplified library was 1.56 times 107pfd μL. The inserted cDNA fragments of the library ranged from 0.5 to 8.0 kb and concentrated around the 2.5 kb, 1. 1kb, and 0.75kb regions. All of the data suggest that the library has appropriate titer and high frequency kairomone gene fragments by using special developing stage and tissue of B. morito extract mRNA. Directional cloning and λZiplox expression were help to clone the kairomone gene with immunoscreening.

Many researches on the problem of cormgation formatting on the track of railway have been reported in the world. But most of those researches are carried out by phenomena analyzing which occurred on real track or by just using theoretical model and scaled model simulation. For the reason of technical difficulties, theoretical researches proved by practical experiment are very rare. By using the cormgation formatting model considering with the characteristic of creep between wheel and rail interface we successfully fixed the formation mechanism of cormgation. Theoretical analyzing results agree well with the phenomena measured on stand experiment and on commercial line.

A series of novel one-dimensional (1D) ZnS/MnS heteronanostructures were prepared by a multistep solution–solid–solid (SSS) growth method using [(C4H9)2NCS2]2Zn and [(C4H9)2NCS2]2Mn as the precursors and Ag2S as the catalyst. The composition of the 1D heteronanostructures could be effectively modulated by varying the addition sequence of the precursors, such as the Ag2S/MnS/ZnS and Ag2S/ZnS/MnS heteronanostructures, which were obtained through the successive addition of [(C4H9)2NCS2]2Zn and [(C4H9)2NCS2]2Mn precursors but in different sequences. Using the same Ag2S catalysts, the average diameter of the 1D ZnS/MnS heteronanostructures with multisegments of ZnS and MnS is located between that of ZnS nanorod in Ag2S/ZnS and that of MnS nanorod in Ag2S/MnS. This phenomenon could arise from the different cationic radii and lattice parameters of ZnS and MnS. The UV–vis absorbance of the 1D ZnS/MnS heteronanostructures could be attributed to the interband transitions of ZnS and MnS. These findings contribute to the rational synthesis of novel 1D semiconductor heteronanostructures with multicomponents and benefit the development of optoelectronic devices.

The relationship between structure and electronic properties of n-type doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films was investigated. Samples with different features were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at various substrate temperatures. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to evaluate the structural evolution, meanwhile, electronic-spin resonance (ESR) and optical measurement were applied to explore the electronic properties of P-doped a-Si:H thin films. Results reveal that the changes in materials structure affect directly the electronic properties and the doping efficiency of dopant.