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The past two decades has witnessed a remarkable increase in the number of microbial genomes retrieved from marine systems1,2. However, it has remained challenging to translate this marine genomic diversity into biotechnological and biomedical applications3,4. Here we recovered 43,191 bacterial and archaeal genomes from publicly available marine metagenomes, encompassing a wide range of diversity with 138 distinct phyla, redefining the upper limit of marine bacterial genome size and revealing complex trade-offs between the occurrence of CRISPR–Cas systems and antibiotic resistance genes. In silico bioprospecting of these marine genomes led to the discovery of a novel CRISPR–Cas9 system, ten antimicrobial peptides, and three enzymes that degrade polyethylene terephthalate. In vitro experiments confirmed their effectiveness and efficacy. This work provides evidence that global-scale sequencing initiatives advance our understanding of how microbial diversity has evolved in the oceans and is maintained, and demonstrates how such initiatives can be sustainably exploited to advance biotechnology and biomedicine.

Our objective was to explore the disparities in the intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) patterns of primary visual cortex (V1) between patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and healthy controls (HCs) utilizing resting-state functional MRI. Twenty-one patients with TAO (14 males and 7 females; mean age: 54.17 ± 4.83 years) and 21 well-matched HCs (14 males and 7 females; mean age: 55.17 ± 5.37 years) underwent functional MRI scans in the resting-state. We assessed modifications in the intrinsic FC patterns of the V1 in TAO patients using the FC method. Subsequently, the identified alterations in FC regions in the analysis were selected as classification features to distinguish TAO patients from HCs through the support vector machine (SVM) method. The results indicated that, in comparison to HCs, patients with TAO exhibited notably reduced FC values between the left V1 and the bilateral calcarine (CAL), lingual gyrus (LING) and superior occipital gyrus, as well as between the right V1 and the bilateral CAL/LING and the right cerebellum. Furthermore, the SVM classification model based on FC maps demonstrated effective performance in distinguishing TAO patients from HCs, achieving an accuracy of 61.9% using the FC of the left V1 and 64.29% using the FC of the right V1. Our study revealed that patients with TAO manifested disruptions in FC between the V1 and higher visual regions during rest. This might indicate that TAO patients could present with impaired top-down modulations, visual imagery and vision-motor function. These insights could be valuable in understanding the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of vision impairment in individuals with TAO.

Objective: To evaluate the value and challenges of CT-guided percutaneous placement of coil and indocyanine green (ICG) in the pulmonary nodule localization techniques in video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). Additionally, to explore a new fluorescent probe targeting lung cancers. Methods: This study analyzed 26 patients underwent CT-guided coil placement at the edges of pulmonary nodules and received ICG injection. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging was conducted using a fluorescence thoracoscope to assist in lesion localization and resection. Given the challenges observed in clinical cases, the study designed a new molecular imaging probe, NY-FR-07 targeting folate receptor alpha (FR-α) of lung cancer. Cellular and animal experiments were conducted to validate its safety, targeting ability of FR-α, and in vivo imaging efficacy of tumors. Results: In the VATS guided by the coils and ICG, all 26 lesions were successfully resected. However, coil displacement and ICG diffusion into the thoracic cavity occurred, leading to an expanded surgical field in nine of the cases. To overcome these challenges, a novel fluorescent probe named NY-FR-07 was successfully developed, characterized by minimal cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. Animal experiments demonstrated that the tumor fluorescence intensity of NY-FR-07 is higher than that of lung tissue at 24 h and 72 h. In the 0.03 mg/kg dose group at 24 h, the tumor-to-lung ratio is 1.714. At 72 h, the tumor-to-lung ratio in all different dose groups exceeds 1.5. Conclusion: The coil and ICG localization can assist the VATS of pulmonary nodules, but it still has some limitations. Additionally, the new FR-α targeted fluorescent probe NY-FR-07 demonstrates excellent biocompatibility and precise targeting capabilities, showing potential in accurately identifying the position and boundaries of lung cancer during VATS.

In the single-wire power transmission (SWPT) system composed of Tesla’s coils, only one loop resonates, which not only limits the further enhancement of efficiency, but also brings harmonic harm. Moreover, the adoption of accurate circuit model has increased the complexity of analysis and design. To address the above three issues, in this article, the LCL compensation network is added to the SWPT system to achieve simultaneous resonance of three loops to improve transmission efficiency, and high-order harmonics are greatly suppressed due to the effect of the compensation network. A simplified model of the SWPT system is obtained by establishing and solving nonlinear equations. Then, the detailed design process of the compensation network has been elaborated. A comprehensive comparison is conducted between the uncompensated SWPT system and systems with various compensation networks. Finally, in the experiment with a transmission distance of 70 m, the effectiveness of the simplified model is verified. The system with compensation transmits power of 720 W with an efficiency of 91.3%, which is 4% higher than the uncompensated system. The high-order harmonic voltage dropped by 87.5% compared with that before compensation.

Emission of volatile organic compounds has important influence on complex air pollution and human health. In this paper, a series of tungsten–iron composite oxides with different proportions and preparation methods were synthesized and first used for catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene and toluene, as typical polluting gas sources. These WO3-based solid catalytic materials were systematically characterized by modern analytical methods, and the results showed that there was strong electron interaction between W and Fe elements in the composite oxides, and the presence of a certain amount of tungsten oxide inhibited the crystallization of iron oxide, and vice versa, which were beneficial to the uniform dispersion of tungsten–iron components into each other and the improvement of redox properties. Compared with single-component oxide, the formation of tungsten–iron composite oxide affected the micro-structure, improved the specific surface area and optimized the pore structure of materials. The performance test results showed that the tungsten–iron composite oxide (FeWO4–0.5Fe2O3, molar ratio of tungsten and iron was 1/2) prepared using citric acid-based sol–gel method was the optimal, and its catalytic degradation efficiency could reach 90% for chlorobenzene and 83% for toluene at 320 °C, and maintain at least 60 h without obvious deactivation, with high selectivity to the formation of HCl and CO2.

Cuticular waxes play important roles in plant development and the interaction between plants and their environment. Researches on wax biosynthetic pathways have been reported in several plant species. Also, wax formation is closely related to environmental condition. However, the regulatory mechanism between wax and environmental factors, especially essential mineral elements, is less studied. Here we found that nitrogen (N) played a negative role in the regulation of wax synthesis in apple. We therefore analysed wax content, composition and crystals in BTB-TAZ domain protein 2(MdBT2) overexpressing and antisense transgenic apple seedlings and found that MdBT2 could downregulate wax biosynthesis. Furthermore, R2R3-MYB transcription factor 16-like protein (MdMYB106) interacted with MdBT2, and MdBT2 mediated its ubiquitination and degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway. Finally, HXXXD-type acyl-transferase ECERIFERUM 2-like1(MdCER2L1) was confirmed as a downstream target gene of MdMYB106. Our findings reveal an N-mediated apple wax biosynthesis pathway and lay a foundation for further study of the environmental factors associated with wax regulatory networks in apple.

The light harvesting–reaction center complex (LH–RC) of Roseiflexus castenholziibinds bacteriochlorophylls a(BChls a), B800 and B880, absorbing around 800 and 880 nm, respectively. We comparatively investigated the interband excitation energy transfer (EET) dynamics of the wild-type LH–RC (wt-LH–RC) of Rfl. castenholziiand its carotenoid (Car)-less mutant (m-LH–RC) and found that Car can boost the B800 → B880 EET rate from (2.43 ps)−1to (1.75 ps)−1, accounting for 38% acceleration of the EET process. Interestingly, photoexcitation of wt-LH–RC at 800 nm induced pronounced excitation dynamics of Car despite the insufficient photon energy for direct Car excitation, a phenomenon which is attributed to the BChl–Car exciplex 1[B800(↑↑)···Car(↓↓)]*. Such an exciplex is suggested to play an essential role in promoting the B800 → B880 EET process, as corroborated by the recently reported cryo-EM structures of wt-LH–RC and m-LH–RC. The mechanism of Car-mediated EET will be helpful to deepen the understanding of the role of Car in bacterial photosynthesis.

ABSTRACTA study is presented on a quantitative evaluation method of structural safety for an existing three-hole stone arch bridge, in order to determine the structural safety status of this type of stone arch bridges and provide a scientific basis for their restoration and conservation. Taking as an example a typical three-hole stone arch bridge, the Yongchang Bridge, firstly, its shape and the structural configuration were studied and its damages were surveyed and categorized. Then, the structural performance of the Yongchang Bridge was analyzed by using finite element software. An improved analytic hierarchy process method based on component importance analysis was proposed to obtain the weight coefficients of the main structural components of this kind of bridges. Finally, the structural safety status of the Yongchang Bridge was quantitatively evaluated with this proposed method, which was proved to be consistent with the real situation, verifying the efficiency and accuracy of this evaluation method. The results can provide a reference for structural safety evaluation and scientific conservation of ancient stone arch bridges.

Allergic diseases are a major global health issue. Interleukin (IL)-9-producing helper T (TH9) cells promote allergic inflammation, yet TH9 cell effector functions are incompletely understood because their lineage instability makes them challenging to study. Here we found that resting TH9 cells produced IL-9 independently of T cell receptor (TCR) restimulation, due to STAT5- and STAT6-dependent bystander activation. This mechanism was seen in circulating cells from allergic patients and was restricted to recently activated cells. STAT5-dependent Il9/IL9regulatory elements underwent remodeling over time, inactivating the locus. A broader ‘allergic TH9’ transcriptomic and epigenomic program was also unstable. In vivo, TH9 cells induced airway inflammation via TCR-independent, STAT-dependent mechanisms. In allergic patients, TH9 cell expansion was associated with responsiveness to JAK inhibitors. These findings suggest that TH9 cell instability is a negative checkpoint on bystander activation that breaks down in allergy and that JAK inhibitors should be considered for allergic patients with TH9 cell expansion.

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is the foundation of autonomous navigation for unmanned systems. The existing SLAM solutions are mainly divided into the visual SLAM(vSLAM) equipped with camera and the lidar SLAM equipped with lidar. However, pure visual SLAM have shortcomings such as low positioning accuracy, the paper proposes a visual-inertial information fusion SLAM based on Runge-Kutta improved pre-integration. First, the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) information between two adjacent keyframes is pre-integrated at the front-end to provide IMU constraints for visual-inertial information fusion. In particular, to improve the accuracy in pre-integration, the paper uses the Runge-Kutta algorithm instead of Euler integral to calculate the pre-integration value at the next moment. Then, the IMU pre-integration value is used as the initial value of the system state at the current frame time. We combine the visual reprojection error and imu pre-integration error to optimize the state variables such as speed and pose, and restore map points' three-dimensional coordinates. Finally, we set a sliding window to optimize map points' coordinates and state variables. The experimental part is divided into dataset experiment and complex indoor-environment experiment. The results show that compared with pure visual SLAM and the existing visual-inertial fusion SLAM, our method has higher positioning accuracy.

Individual output voltage regulation is an important issue in the multireceiver simultaneous wireless power transfer system. To solve this issue, a novel output voltage regulation method based on a multifrequency modulator and multiple proportional–integral (PI) controllers has been proposed. The proposed modulator combines the improved selected harmonic elimination pulsewidth modulation (SHEPWM) technique and delta-sigma modulation (DSM) technique, which has much less number of switching actions in comparison with the existing multifrequency modulation methods. A continuous-time small-signal model of the system is derived to close the voltage loop. With the proposed method, the output voltages of the system can be regulated individually, continuously, and accurately just using a single inverter and standard receivers. Moreover, the proposed method can be easily extended to the system with more receivers. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified experimentally.

With the increasing penetration of the Internet of things (IoT) into people's lives, the limitations of traditional medical systems are emerging. First, the typical way of handling sensitive information can easily lead to privacy disclosure. Second, the medical system is relatively isolated. It is difficult for one medical system to share data with another, and the scope of users' activities is limited within the system boundary. To solve these two problems, we propose a new privacy-preserving medical data-sharing scheme by introducing the authorization mechanism and attribute-based encryption (ABE) based on blockchain, which breaks system boundaries and realizes data sharing among several medical institutions. ABE is used to realize scalable access control. In addition, doctors can share their knowledge to diagnose users by introducing many-to-many matching, which means that patients' health data can be represented by multiple keywords and doctors' expertise can be represented by multiple interests. We provide the correctness and security analysis of our scheme and implement a prototype tool on Ethereum. The experimental results show that our scheme solves the contradiction between the privacy preservation of medical data and the necessity of data sharing.

With the more and more extensive demand of ocean exploration, the communication system of deep-water operation equipment in the ocean requires higher and higher performance. Due to the absorption of electromagnetic wave by seawater, underwater wireless communication is very difficult. In order to adapt to the complex working environment in the deep sea, it is necessary to adopt the communication system with the characteristics of non-contact, low power consumption, small size, two-way transmission and so on. In this paper, a set of underwater short distance magnetic coupling communication system equipment is developed. Combined with the parameter calculation formula of magnetic coupling coil, the short spiral coil is wound, and the experiment is carried out to simulate the seawater environment. The experimental results show that the system has the advantages of low power consumption, small volume, two-way transmission and good stability.

A single-wire power transmission (SWPT) system based on a multilayer Tesla coil is studied in this article. In the existing SWPT system, a single-layer Tesla coil is usually used, and the maximum transmission efficiency is only 50%–60% within a transmission distance of tens of meters. In this article, a Tesla coil with a multilayer structure is proposed, and the connection of earth also enables the energy of the electromagnetic field to be concentrated, which can greatly improve the transmission efficiency. Moreover, considering the parasitic parameters of the multilayer coil, the circuit model of the Tesla coil is established, and the lumped parameter circuit model of the SWPT system is further obtained. Design guidance is given based on the established model. Long-distance experimental platforms have been built, and various characteristics of the SWPT system, such as input impedance and output power, are studied. In the experiments, when the transmission distance is 70 m, power of 1150 W is transmitted with an efficiency of 90%. Power of 5 kW is transmitted with an efficiency of 87% at a transmission distance of 5 km.

This paper presents a dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system for rotary equipment. Two concentric coils on the primary side are used to keep the mutual inductance between the primary and secondary constant during the rotation. The dual-coupled XLC/S compensation topology is proposed to enhance the radial misalignment tolerance performance and improve the flexibility in the design of loosely coupled transformers (LCT). The design flow of LCT and optimization process of component parameters are proposed to achieve radial misalignment tolerance. The characteristics of constant current output (CCO) and zero voltage switch (ZVS) are realized. The power flow is analyzed. A 200-W prototype is designed and implemented to validate the proposed design method. The experimental results show that the proposed LCT structure with dual-coupled XLC/S compensation topology can achieve high tangential and radial misalignment tolerance. Therefore, the system proposed in this article is suitable for powering the device that rotates around an axis wirelessly.

This article describes a new frequency- domain multi-input multioutput linear time-invariant (LTI) system identification algorithm for accurate model construction suitable for motion control systems. The proposed method can capture the effects of time-delay, lightly damped poles (structural resonances), as well as highly damped complex or real poles, and direct or derivative-like terms. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been validated using experimental frequency response measurements obtained from different types of motion control mechanisms. The proposed algorithm has also been compared with “tfest” and “modalfit” functions in MATLAB. Over these methods, nearly two orders of magnitude improvement is observed in the closeness of the model prediction, in terms of root mean square of the frequencywise modeling error.

In January 2022, we received ant specimens collected from three field colonies from Shantou City, Guangdong Province, China. They were identified as the little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, through morphological and molecular analyses. Wasmannia auropunctatais listed as one of the 100 most dangerous invasive species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and has spread from its native range in South America to every continent except Antarctica. DNA analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) in nine specimens of W. auropunctatafound that they had a close genetic relationship with specimens from Argentina. This study represents the first formal record of the establishment of W. auropunctataoutdoor in Chinese mainland. However, the invasion stage and occurrence degree of W. auropunctatain China are not clear to date. The implementation of quarantine measures, investigation of the occurrence and distribution, and development of monitoring and control strategies are needed to actively respond to the threat posed by this highly invasive ant.

There is a pair of binocular cameras for navigation onboard the Chang’e-4 lunar rover. Although the cameras were calibrated before launch, it is necessary to calibrate them again after landing on the moon, especially the external parameters. In this article, an image of a solar panel containing parallel-line features is used for recalibration. According to the collinear equations of an image point, object point and projection centre, the algebraic relationship between the slope kand intercept tparameters of a line in the image and the external parameters of the cameras are deduced. Through this algebraic relationship, we propose an external parameter recalibration method based on an image that includes parallel lines on a plane in the object space. Three experiments were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method.

When it comes to explicitly nurturing math, future school success depends more on the quality than the quantity of early math instruction (Cerezci, 2020). Let's talk about math: Making math language part of everyday routines. The impact of the quality of early mathematics instruction on mathematics achievement outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Output voltage control is an important subject in magnetically coupled wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) applications. Conventional control methods for MC-WPT systems use the PI controller. However, this method suffers from three issues: time-consuming tuning work of the PI parameters, increased control complexity due to the needs of the modulator, and poor dynamic performance. To provide an attractive alternative to the PI controller, a novel output voltage regulation method based on finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) has been proposed for a MC-WPT system. The proposed method has inherent advantages such as a very intuitive concept, no need for a modulator, and fast dynamic response. Moreover, it can achieve soft switching by constructing pulse-density-modulation-based voltage pulse sequences as the control set. The design and implementation of the proposed controller are discussed in this paper. The proposed control method has been tested on a series-series-compensated MC-WPT system, and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method in comparison with PI control methods.