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Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the main risk factors for several chronic diseases. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) contain many antioxidants and may contribute to managing OS. To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the impacts of the DASH diet on OS parameters. A comprehensive electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed through September 2020 to find related studies evaluating the impact of the DASH diet on OS parameters. Standardized mean differences were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Eight studies with a total of 317 subjects met our inclusion criteria. Four studies included in meta-analysis model with 200 participants (100 in treatment and 100 in control group). The DASH diet was associated with a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: −0.53; 95% CI: −0.89, −0.16; I2 = 42.1%), and a significant increase in glutathione (GSH) (SMD: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.03; I2 = 42.1%). Meta-analysis found no statistically significant effect of DASH diet on nitric oxide (NO) (SMD: −1.40; 95% CI: −0.12, 1.93; I2 = 92.6%) or total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (SMD: 0.95; 95% CI: −0.10, 1.99; I2 = 87.6%). Our results demonstrated that a DASH diet could significantly increase GSH and decrease MDA levels. Furthermore, there is a trend to improve TAC, NO, and f2-isoprostanes by the adherence to the DASH diet. However, long-term, large sample size and well-designed randomized clinical trials are still needed to draw concrete conclusions about DASH diet's effects on OS parameters. • DASH diet could significantly increase glutathione levels. • DASH diet could decrease lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. • The DASH diet can improve the antioxidant defense of the body and decrease oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Curcumin is a biologically active phytochemical ingredient found in turmeric and has antioxidant pharmacologic actions that may benefit patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The aim in this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin supplementation on oxidative stress enzymes, sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) gene expression in PCOS patients. Seventy-two patients with PCOS were recruited for this randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Thirty-six patients received curcumin, 1500 mg (three times per day), and 36 patients received placebo for 3 months. Gene expression of SIRT1, PGC1α and serum activity of glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes were evaluated at the beginning of trial and at 3-month follow-up. Sixty-seven patients with PCOS completed the trial. Curcumin supplementation significantly increased gene expression of PGC1α (p = 0.011) and activity of the Gpx enzyme (p = 0.045). Curcumin also non-significantly increased gene expression of SIRT1 and activity of the SOD enzyme. Curcumin seems to be an efficient reducer of oxidative stress related complications in patients with PCOS. Further studies on curcumin should strengthen our findings. • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological disease. • Oxidative stress and imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants correlate with PCOS complications. • Curcumin is a potent antioxidant in turmeric and it has been proved to impact the expression of antioxidant related genes. • Curcumin can improve body antioxidant enzymes by impacting related gene expression in patients with PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socket prosthesis attachment is the current gold standard for limb amputees. Osseointegrated implantation is a novel technique that has many proposed advantages over the current gold standard. Clear advantages for its use over socket prosthetic attachment has been well established in literature. It decreases socket problems as pinching, pressure points, chronic skin problems and frequent socket change due to atrophy of muscles. We reviewed primary research articles documenting complication rates and outcome measures in patients with osseointegrated prosthesis implantation after limb amputation. Nine studies were identified with a total of 211–242 patients. Clinical, radiographic, and functional outcomes, as well as complications were considered. The mean duration of follow-up was greater than 12 months in all studies. Osseointegration is an effective alternative to socket prosthesis in transfemoral amputees. Transtibial and upper extremity implants are underreported in the literature and clear indication for their effectiveness over socket prosthesis does not exist. Minor complications are most common, such as soft tissue infections, and may be mitigated in the future by improvements in surgical technique and implant design. The level of evidence is 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Open reduction internal fixation is the gold standard for unstable ankle fracture fixation; however, complications in patients with multiple medical comorbidities are common. Intramedullary nail fixation of the fibula can help to mitigate these difficulties. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent fixation for unstable ankle fracture between January 2015 and March 2016 at our level I trauma center. Comorbidities in the patient sample included were one or several of diabetes, renal disease, hypertension, advanced age with osteoporosis, hemorrhagic blisters, and alcoholism. The primary outcomes studied were wound complications, infections, and hardware failure or failure of fixation. Eighteen patients with a mean age of 61 years underwent fibular intramedullary nail fixation, all of whom were considered at high risk for postoperative complications. Patients presented with Weber B or C fracture patterns. All patients had syndesmotic fixation through the nail by one or two 3.5-mm tricortical screws. A medial malleolus was added if needed for stability. The average follow-up time was 291.1 (range 9 to 14 months) days. The prescribed range of time to weightbearing was 2 to 6 weeks. All patients maintained reduction of the fracture and had no wound complications. No syndesmotic screws broke postoperatively, although most patients to failed comply with the postoperative non-weightbearing restrictions. Intramedullary nailing of the fibula with syndesmotic intranail fixation is minimally invasive, quick, and provides adequate fixation strength. It offers a viable treatment option for patients at high risk for complications or who are suspected to have difficulty with follow-up or compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a sequence of small earthquakes (mb ≤ 3.3) that occurred at the Dallas-Fort Worth Airport, Texas, between 30 October 2008 and 31 May 2009. Analysis of records at regional station WMOK identified more than 180 earthquakes in the sequence; about 90 percent occurred in four clusters on 30 October-1 November, 20 November, 26 December and 15-17 May. After the sequence began, a six-station temporary local network obtained high-quality three-component records for 11 earthquakes occurring between 20 November and I December. Analysis of these data demonstrated that all 11 earthquakes originated from a focus near 32.855° N, 97.051° W, with an estimated depth ~4.4 km. This location is less than 0.5 km from a well completed in August 2008 that extends to a depth of 4.2 km, drilled to dispose of brines collected during flowback of hydraulic fracturing fluids associated with the production of natural gas. Brine disposal commenced at the well on 12 September 2008. Seismograms and (S-P) intervals for the earthquakes are similar though not identical, and relative locations indicate they occurred along a north-northeast-south-southwest trend with horizontal and vertical dimensions of ~1.1 km and 0.2 km, respectively. This trend is approximately coincident with that of a mapped normal fault in the subsurface, and consistent with the maximum horizontal in situ stress direction. Because of the absence of previous historical earthquakes, the proximity of the brine disposal well, and the similarity with other documented cases of induced seismicity, it seems likely that fluid injection induced the 2008-2009 sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Data obtained from 6 studies with 342 children and adolescents participants were meta-analyzed. • Evidence of the limited number of published trials does not show that omega-3 FAs supplementation changes anthropometric indices in children. • Further large-scale trials with sufficient sample size in children is needed to clarify the effects of omega-3 FAs on anthropometric measures. • Background Childhood obesity is a major public health problem with a global prevalence greater than 23 %. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) supplementation may improve anthropometric indices by increased energy expenditure, attenuated appetite, elevated adiponectin levels, though current evidence is still inconclusive. • Objective The aim of this systematic review was to conduct the first comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the association between omega-3 FAs supplementation and anthropometric indices in children and adolescents. • Methods We performed an extensive online database search of the published literature using the SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases from the index date through April 2019. Six studies met inclusion criteria. Changes in anthropometric indices (weight, BMI and waist circumference) were extracted from each article. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed by calculating the I2 statistic. We used the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95 % confidence interval. The meta-analysis was performed based on a random effects model. • Results This meta-analysis demonstrated that omega-3 FAs supplementation had no effect on reducing body weight (SMD = -0.00, 95 % CI -0.26 to 0.25), BMI (SMD = -0.07, 95 % CI -0.32 to 0.17) and waist circumference (SMD = -0.16, 95 % CI -0.51 to 0.19). • Conclusions Omega-3 FAs supplementation did not change anthropometric indices in children and adolescents. Further large-scale studies with larger sample sizes in children and adolescents are needed to clarify the effects of omega-3 FAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Premature growth arrest can pose a challenge to the orthopedic surgeon. Various options for treating physeal arrest exist. Methods Systematic searches were conducted on PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, OVID, and Cochrane Library. Secondary searching was performed, where certain articles from reference lists of the selected studies were reviewed that were not found in the primary search. Results This review article discusses the different methods of management for premature growth arrest. Conclusions The use of mesenchymal stem cells provides a promising alternative treatment modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]