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Background: The safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) remain controversial. Methods: Patients with LAGC who received either nICT or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) at 3 tertiary referral teaching hospitals in China between January 2016 and October 2022 were analyzed. After propensity-score matching (PSM), comparing the radiological response, pathological response rate, perioperative outcomes, and early recurrence between the two groups. Results: After PSM, 585 patients were included, with 195 and 390 patients comprising the nICT and nCT groups, respectively. The nICT group exhibited a higher objective response rate (79.5% vs. 59.0%; P<0.001), pathological complete response rate (14.36% vs. 6.41%; P=0.002) and major pathological response rate (39.49% vs. 26.15%; P =0.001) compared with the nCT group. The incidence of surgical complications (17.44% vs. 16.15%, P =0.694) and the proportion of perioperative textbook outcomes (80.0% vs. 81.0%; P= 0.767) were similar in both groups. The nICT group had a significantly lower proportion of early recurrence than the nCT group (29.7% vs. 40.8%; P =0.047). Furthermore, the multivariable logistic analysis revealed that immunotherapy was an independent protective factor against early recurrence [odds ratio 0.62 (95% CI 0.41-0.92); P= 0.018]. No significant difference was found in neoadjuvant therapy drug toxicity between the two groups (51.79% vs. 45.38%; P= 0.143). Conclusions: Compared with nCT, nICT is safe and effective, which significantly enhanced objective and pathological response rates and reduced the risk for early recurrence among patients with LAGC. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Robotic gastrectomy is a safe and feasible approach for gastric cancer (GC); however, its long-term oncological efficacy remains unclear. The authors evaluated the long-term survival outcomes and recurrence patterns of patients with locally advanced proximal GC who underwent robotic total gastrectomy (RTG). Methods: This prospective study (FUGES-014 study) enrolled 48 patients with locally advanced proximal GC who underwent RTG between March 2018 and February 2020 at a tertiary referral teaching hospital. Patients who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) in the FUGES-002 study were enrolled in a 2:1 ratio to compare the survival outcomes between RTG and LTG. The primary endpoint of the FUGES-014 study was postoperative 30-day morbidity and has been previously reported. Here, the authors reported the results of 3-year disease-free survival (DFS), 3-year overall survival (OS), and recurrence patterns. Results: After propensity score matching, 48 patients in the RTG and 96 patients in the LTG groups were included. The 3-year DFS rates were 77.1% (95% CI: 66.1-89.9%) for the RTG and 68.8% (95% CI: 60.1-78.7%) for the LTG groups (P = 0.261). The 3-year OS rates were not significantly different between the groups (85.4 vs. 74.0%, P = 0.122). Recurrence occurred in nine patients (18.8%) in the RTG and 27 (28.1%) patients in the LTG groups (P = 0.234). Recurrence patterns and causes of death were similar between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The oncological outcome of RTG was noninferior to that of LTG. Thus, RTG might be an alternative surgical treatment for locally advanced proximal GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The authors aimed to use preoperative computed tomography images to develop a radiomic nomogram to select patients who would benefit from spleen-preserving splenic hilar (No.10) lymphadenectomy (SPSHL). Methods: A pooled analysis of three distinct prospective studies was performed. The splenic hilar lymph node (SHLN) ratio (sLNR) was established as the quotient of the number of metastatic SHLN to the total number of SHLN. Radiomic features reflecting the phenotypes of the primary tumor (RS1) and SHLN region (RS2) were extracted and used as predictive factors for sLNR Results: This study included 733 patients: 301 in the D2 group and 432 in the D2+No.10 group. The optimal sLNR cutoff value was set at 0.4, and the D2+No.10 group was divided into three groups: sLNR=0, sLNR =0.4, and sLNR >0.4. Patients in the D2+No. 10 group were randomly divided into the training (n=302) and validation (n=130) cohorts. The AUCs value of the nomogram, including RS1 and RS2, were 0.952 in the training cohort and 0.888 in the validation cohort. The entire cohort was divided into three groups based on the nomogram scores: low, moderate, and high SHLN metastasis burden groups (LMB, MMB, and HMB, respectively). A similar 5-year OS rate was found between the D2 and D2+No. 10 groups in the LMB and HMB groups. In the MMB group, the 5-year OS of the D2+No. 10 group (73.4%) was significantly higher than that of the D2 group (37.6%) (P<0.001). Conclusions: The nomogram showed good predictive ability for distinguishing patients with various SHLN metastasis burdens. It can accurately identify patients who would benefit from SPSHL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The efficacy of laparoscopic completion total gastrectomy (LCTG) for remnant gastric cancer (RGC) remains controversial. Methods: The primary outcome was postoperative morbidity within 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes included 3-year disease-free survival (DFS), 3-year overall survival (OS), and recurrence. Inverse probability treatment weighted (IPTW) was used to balance the baseline between LCTG and OCTG. Results: Final analysis included 46 patients with RGC who underwent LCTG at the FJMUUH between June 2016 and June 2020. The historical control group comprised of 160 patients who underwent open completion total gastrectomy (OCTG) in the six tertiary teaching hospitals from CRGC-01 study. After IPTW, no significant difference was observed between the LCTG and OCTG groups in terms of incidence (LCTG vs. OCTG: 28.0 vs. 35.0%, P= 0.379) or severity of complications within 30 days after surgery. Compared with OCTG, LCTG resulted in better short-term outcomes and faster postoperative recovery. However, the textbook outcome rate was comparable between the two groups (45.9 vs. 32.8%, P=0.107). Additionally, the 3-year DFS and 3-year OS of LCTG were comparable to those of OCTG (DFS: log-rank P=0.173; OS: log-rank P=0.319). No significant differences in recurrence type, mean recurrence time, or 3-year cumulative hazard of recurrence were observed between the two groups (all P> 0.05). Subgroup analyses and concurrent comparisons demonstrated similar trends. Conclusions: This prospective study suggested that LCTG was noninferior to OCTG in both short-term and long-term outcomes. In experienced centers, LCTG may be considered as a viable treatment option for RGC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of indocyanine green (ICG)-guided lymph node (LN) dissection during laparoscopic radical gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). Background: Studies on ICG imaging use in patients with LAGC on NAC are rare. Methods: Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (clinical T2-4NanyM0) who received NAC were randomly assigned to receive ICG-guided laparoscopic radical gastrectomy or laparoscopic radical gastrectomy alone. Here, we reported the secondary endpoints including the quality of lymphadenectomy (total retrieved LNs and LN noncompliance) and surgical outcomes. Results: Overall, 240 patients were randomized. Of whom, 236 patients were included in the primary analysis (118 in the ICG group and 118 in the non-ICG group). In the ICG group, the mean number of LNs retrieved was significantly higher than in the non-ICG group within the D2 dissection (48.2 vs 38.3, P < 0.001). The ICG fluorescence guidance significantly decreased the LN noncompliance rates (33.9% vs 55.1%, P = 0.001). In 165 patients without baseline measurable LNs, ICG significantly increased the number of retrieved LNs and decreased the LN noncompliance rate (P < 0.05). For 71 patients with baseline measurable LNs, the quality of lymphadenectomy significantly improved in those who had a complete response (P < 0.05) but not in those who did not (P > 0.05). Surgical outcomes were comparable between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: ICG can effectively improve the quality of lymphadenectomy in patients with LAGC who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy after NAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The results of several large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have changed the clinical practice of bariatric surgery. However, the characteristics of global RCTs of bariatric surgery have not been reported internationally and whether there was research waste in these RCTs is unknown. Methods: Search ClinicalTrials.gov for bariatric surgery RCTs registered between January 2000 and December 2022 with the keywords 'Roux-en-Y gastric-bypass' and 'Sleeve Gastrectomy'. The above analysis was conducted in January 2023. Results: A total of 326 RCTs were included in this study. The number of RCTs registered for sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass surgery increased year by year globally. Europe has always accounted for the largest proportion, Asia has gradually increased, and North America has decreased. A total of 171 RCTs were included in the analysis of waste, of which 74 (43.8%) were published. Of the 74 published RCTs, 37 (37/74, 50.0%) were judged to be adequately reported and 36 (36/74, 48.6%) were judged to have avoidable design defects. In the end, 143 RCTs (143/171, 83.6%) had at least one research waste. Body weight change as the primary endpoint (OR: 0.266, 95% CI: 0.103-0.687, P=0.006) and enrolment greater than 100 (OR: 0.349, 95% CI: 0.146-0.832, P=0.018) were independent protective factors for research waste. Conclusions: This study for the first time describes the characteristic changes of the mainstream RCT of bariatric surgery globally in the last 20 years and identifies a high research waste burden and predictive factor in this area, which provides reference evidence for carrying out bariatric surgery RCTs more rationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging is effective in increasing the number of lymph node dissections during laparoscopic radical gastrectomy; however, no studies have attempted to explain this phenomenon. Methods: This study utilized the data from a previous randomized controlled trial (FUGES-012 study) investigating ICG-guided laparoscopic radical gastrectomy performed between November 2018 and July 2019. The Objective Structured Assessments of Technical Skills (OSATS) scoring system was used to grade videos from the ICG and non-ICG groups. Patients with an OSATS score greater than 29 were classified as the high-OSATS population, while those with an OSATS score less than or equal to 29 were classified as the low-OSATS population. Results: A total of 258 patients were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis: 129 in the ICG group and 129 in the non-ICG group. The OSATS score of the ICG group was higher than that of the non-ICG group (29.6 ± 2.6 vs. 26.6 ± 3.6; P< 0.001). The ICG group underwent a significantly higher mean total number of lymph node dissections than the non-ICG group (50.5 ± 15.9 vs. 42.0 ± 10.3; adjusted P<0.001). The group assigned to ICG use, better OSATS (high-OSATS) scores were observed, which correlated with greater D2 lymph node retrieval (54.1 ± 15.0 vs. 47.2 ± 8.7; adjusted P =0.039). Finally, the ICG group had a lower rate of lymph node noncompliance than that of the non-ICG group (31.8 vs. 57.4%; P <0.001). Conclusions: By applying the ICG fluorescence navigation technique, better OSATS scores were observed, which correlated with greater lymph node retrieval and a lower lymph node noncompliance rate, as recommended for individualized laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to lacking evidence on surveillance for gastric cancer (GC), this study aimed to determine the optimal postsurgical surveillance strategy for pathological stage (pStage) II/III GC patients and compare its cost-effectiveness with traditional surveillance strategies. Methods: Prospectively collected data from stage II/III GC patients (n =1661) who underwent upfront surgery at a large-volume tertiary cancer center in China (FJMUUH cohort) between January 2010 and October 2015. For external validation, two independent cohorts were included, which were composed of 380 stage II/III GC patients at an tertiary cancer center in U.S.A (Mayo cohort) between July 1991 and July 2012 and 270 stage II/III GC patients at another tertiary cancer center in China (QUAH cohort) between May 2010 and October 2014. Random forest models were used to predict dynamic recurrence hazards and to construct individual surveillance strategies for stage II/III GC. Cost-effectiveness was assessed by the Markov model. Results: The median follow-up period of the FJMUUH, the Mayo, and QUAH cohorts were 55, 158, and 70 months, respectively. In the FJMUUH cohort, the 5-year recurrence risk was higher in pStage III compared with pStage II GC patients (P<0.001). Our novel individual surveillance strategy achieved optimal cost-effectiveness for pStage II GC patients (ICER = $490/QALY). The most intensive NCCN surveillance guideline was more cost-effective (ICER =$983/QALY) for pStage III GC patients. The external validations confirmed our results. Conclusion: For patients with pStage II GC, individualized risk-based surveillance outperformed the JGCTG and NCCN surveillance guidelines. However, the NCCN surveillance guideline may be more suitable for patients with pStage III GC. Even though our results are limited by the retrospective study design, the authors believe that our findings should be considered when recommending postoperative surveillance for stage II/III GC with upfront surgery in the absence of a randomized clinical trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common driver genes in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), of which mutations in exons 18-21 are frequent, especially the loss of exon 19 and exon 21 L858R mutation are the most frequent. Other rare gene mutations are rare. Simultaneous occurrence of two or more rare EGFR mutations are extremely rare in lung cancer, and the incidence of EGFR L833V/H835L rare gene compound mutations is very low, and there is little clinical data and evidence of relevant treatment methods. Some EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective in treating lung cancer patients with rare gene mutations. In this article, we reported a case of NSCLC patient with a rare gene compound mutation EGFR L833V/H835L, who responded to Afatinib in combination with Anilotinib treatment well after 5 months of treatment, and computed tomography (CT) showed shrinkage of lung lesions. Meanwhile, we also compiled previously reported NSCLC patients with EGFR L833V/H835L rare gene compound mutation and summarized the characteristics of this group of patients and the effect of applying different kinds of EGFR-TKIs treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the effects of printing-layer thickness and build angle on the surface characteristics and microbial adhesion of denture base polymers manufactured by digital light processing (DLP). Methods: Specimens were additively manufactured using DLP. The specimens were printed with different printing-layer thicknesses (25, 50, and 100 µm) and build angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface topography, and the arithmetical mean heights (Sa) were measured. Moreover, the initial Candida albicans (C. albicans) adhesion to the specimens was evaluated using an adhesion test. Finally, two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison tests were conducted. Results: The results regarding the Sa values exhibited a statistically significant interaction (F (4, 45) = 90.77, P < 0.0001). The build angle has a significant impact on the surface topography. Furthermore, quantitative results revealed that the printing-layer thickness significantly affected C. albicans adhesion (F (2, 99) = 6.96, P = 0.0015). Conclusions: The surface roughness was significantly affected by the printing-layer thickness and the build angle. Additionally, the surface topography was mainly determined by the build angle. Furthermore, the adhesion of C. albicans to the DLP-printed denture surfaces was significantly affected by the printing-layer thickness but not by the build angle. Consequently, it is critical to decrease the thickness of the printing layer to produce digital dentures with optimal material properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birth asphyxia causes hypoxia or inadequate perfusion to the organs of newborns, leading to metabolism dysfunctions including blood glucose disorders. Neonates with and without birth asphyxia were retrospectively recruited from 53 hospitals in Hubei Province from January 1 to December 31, 2018. In summary, 875, 1139, and 180 cases in the control group, the mild asphyxia group, and the severe asphyxia group were recruited, respectively. Neonatal blood glucose values at postnatal 1, 2, 6, and 12 h (time error within 0.5 h was allowed) were gathered from the medical records. The incidence rates of hyperglycemia in the control group, the mild asphyxia group and the severe asphyxia group were 2.97%, 7.90%, and 23.33%, respectively (p < 0.001). Additionally, the incidence rates of hypoglycemia in the three groups above were 3.66%, 4.13%, and 7.78%, respectively (p = 0.042). The blood glucose values of neonates with hypoglycemia in the asphyxia group were lower than in the control group (p = 0.003). Furthermore, the blood glucose values of neonates with hyperglycemia were highest in the severe asphyxia group (p < 0.001). There were 778 and 117 cases with blood glucose records at four predefined time points in the mild and severe asphyxia group, respectively. The incidence of blood glucose disorders in the mild asphyxia group significantly decreased from postnatal 6 h (p＜0.05). However, we found no obvious changes of the incidence of glucose disorders within postnatal 12 h in the severe asphyxia group (p = 0.589). Birth asphyxia is likely to cause neonatal blood glucose disorders, both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, during the early postnatal life. The neonates with severe asphyxia have higher incidence, worse severity and longer duration of blood glucose disorders than neonates with mild asphyxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Laparoscopic D2 lymph node dissection (LND) for gastric cancer has a wide range and high difficulty. In the past, the quality of surgery was often judged by the time of the operation or the amount of blood loss, but the analysis based on surgical video was rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the quality of laparoscopic D2 LND for gastric cancer and postoperative complications. Methods: The surgical video and clinicopathological data of 610 patients in two randomized controlled trials in our center from 2013 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Klass-02-QC LND scale and general error score tool were used to quantitatively evaluate the intraoperative performance of D2 LND. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative complications. Results: The overall incidence of complications (CD classification ≥ 2) was 20.6%; the incidence of surgical complications was 6.9%. According to whether the LND score reached 44, patients were divided into a qualified group (73%) and a not-qualified group (27%). Event score (ES) by quartile was divided into grade 1 (21.7%), grade 2 (26%), grade 3 (28%), and grade 4 (24.3%) from low to high. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that ES greater than or equal to 3, tumor size greater than or equal to 35 mm, and cTNM > II were independent risk factors for not-qualified LND. Male,tumor size greater than or equal to 35 mm and cTNM > II were independent risk factors for grade 4 ES. Not-qualified LND (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.16-3.89, P = 0.021), grade 4 ES (OR = 3.21,95% CI: 1.52-3.90, P = 0.035), and cTNM > II (OR = 1.74,95% CI: 1.39-7.33, P = 0.041) were independent risk factors for postoperative surgical complications. Conclusions: The qualification of LND and intraoperative events based on surgical video are the independent influencing factors of postoperative complications of laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery. Specialist training and teaching based on surgical video may help to improve the surgical skills of specialists and improve the postoperative outcome of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapeutics have been recommended as the standard protocol for inoperable patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) at advanced stage, yet limited success has been achieved in prolonging survival rates by this monotherapy. A major reason for this failure is the chemo-resistance from traditional apoptotic pathways resulting in poor therapeutic effect. Ferroptosis has become a powerful modality of no-apoptotic cell death, which can effectively evade chemo-resistance in apoptotic pathways. Herein, we propose an active-targeting small-molecular self-assembly nano-prodrug for co-delivery of chemotherapeutics (CPT), Ferrocene (Fc) and GPX4 inhibitor (RSL3) to overcome the chemo-resistance from traditional apoptotic pathways. In this nano-prodrug, the disulfide linkage not only serves as a GSH-responsive trigger, but also exhibits a stable self-assembly behavior that forms nanoparticle. Interestingly, the RSL3 can be loaded during this self-assembly process that forms a three-components nano-prodrug. In tumor environment, the high GSH level can disassemble the nano-prodrug to trigger the release of the parent drug, which can improve the therapeutic effect by synergistic effects of ferroptosis and apoptosis. In different TNBC mice models, the nano-prodrug is encapsulated into RGD-modified phospholipid micelles (DSPE-PEG2000-RGD) and exhibits high anti-tumor and anti-metastasis efficacy, especially in orthotopic models. The application of ferroptosis to assist the enhancement of chemotherapeutics may serve as a promising strategy for TNBC treatment. Chemotherapeutics have been recommended as the standard of care for palliative and adjuvant treatment in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet limited success has been achieved in prolonging the overall survival of patients by this monotherapy. A major reason for this failure is the chemo-resistance from traditional apoptotic pathways resulting in poor therapeutic effect. Thus, the co-delivery of the apoptosis and ferroptosis drug may overcome or evade the resistance in chemotherapy-induced apoptotic pathways and provide a promising strategy to combat TNBC. In this work, we developed a small-molecular self-assembly nano-prodrug for co-delivery of chemotherapeutics (CPT), Ferrocene (Fc) and ferroptosis resistance inhibitor (RSL3), which could overcome the chemo-resistance and improve the therapeutic effect by synergistic effects of ferroptosis and apoptosis. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This short term structured, multimodal, home-based, self-help program was designed to reduce frailty of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and detect the major predictors of frailty status improvement. Method: This study recruited T2DM patients aged 65 years and older from the DM shared care center in a regional hospital who were frail or prefrail according to Fried Frailty Phenotype. Short term (12 weeks) home-based intervention including an elastic band low resistance exercise, a smart bracelet monitored walking exercise, and nutrition consultation was conducted. Change of frailty status, functional outcomes, body composition and metabolic indices after intervention were analyzed. A logistic regression was applied to determine the predictive factors associated with frailty status improvement. Results: 81 participants were enrolled after they were fully consented. After 12 weeks' intervention, 60 participants completed the program. Since two participants with incomplete data were excluded, there were 58 remaining in the analysis. They were on average 71.7 ± 4.9 years old and 22 persons (36.7%) were male. 46 (79.3%) of them were prefrail and 12 (20.7%) were frail. The average duration between the pre-test and the post-test was 107.1 ± 25.6 days. The average incidence of home-based exercise was 1.4 ± 1.1 times a week. Fried Frailty Phenotype, handgrip strength, muscle quality, HbA1c, and symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes significantly improved. Initial poorer frailty status was the major predictor (OR = 104.446, 95% CI = 7.551-1444.726, p = 0.001) of frailty status improvement. Conclusions: Short term structured, multimodal, interdisciplinary, home-based, self-help program is effective in reducing frailty status among elderly T2DM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment on the bonding of resin cement to high-translucency zirconia. Zirconia specimens were subjected to different treatments: no treatment (ZrT), 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing primer (ZrT-M), alumina particle air-abrasion with/without MDP-containing primer (ZrT-AM/ZrT-A), CAP with/without MDP-containing primer (ZrT-PM/ZrT-P). The surface topography, wettability, and chemical composition were evaluated. The shear bond strength (SBS) was tested before and after thermocycling. CAP did not alter the morphology, increased the wettability, and decreased the carbon/oxygen ratio of zirconia surface. The SBSs of ZrT-PM and ZrT-P were significantly higher than the other groups. After thermocycling, ZrT-A, ZrT-M, ZrT-AM, and ZrT-P showed comparable SBSs, all of which were lower than ZrT-PM. It was concluded that CAP improved the bonding performance of high-translucency zirconia without damaging its surface. The combination of CAP with MDP further enhanced the bond strength and may enable durable bonding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Sustainable chemical recycling for biodegradable polyester poly(butylene succinate). • PBS hydrolysis was successfully catalyzed by succinic acid in water. • PBS hydrolysis products can be used for repolymerization without any separation operation. • Repolymerized PBS has mechanical/thermal properties similar to PBS from commercial monomers. • Selective hydrolysis of PBS in mixed plastics can be achieved by controlling reaction conditions. The recycling of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) plastic aligns with the principles of sustainable development and the circular economy. However, existing recycling systems often lack environmental friendliness and involve complex product separation operations. In this study, we developed a new recycling system based on succinic acid, a constituent monomer of PBS, as the catalyst and water as the solvent to hydrolyze PBS into different products, including oligomers, monomers, and tetrahydrofuran. These products (monomers or oligomers) were then repolymerized without requiring any separation steps by adding tetrabutyl titanate as the catalyst and 1,4-butanediol. The resynthesized PBS had similar mechanical and thermal properties to those synthesized from commercial monomers. In addition, the selective hydrolysis of PBS in mixed plastics was achieved by adjusting the reaction conditions. The process demonstrated here could inspire new recycling strategies for plastic wastes. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the crosslinking effect of the radio-frequency atmospheric-pressure glow discharge (RF-APGD) plasma jet treatment on dentin collagen. The dentin collagen was treated by an RF-APGD plasma jet with the gas temperature of 4°C under different treatment times, while the control was a non-treatment group. The dentin collagen was characterized in terms of atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimeter, Raman analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement. The crosslinking effect of the plasma-treated dentin collagen was found compared to that of the control group. The elastic modulus and denaturation temperature of the dentin collagen after plasma treatment for 30 s were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). The RF-APGD plasma jet treatment can promote the crosslinking of the dentin collagen, which is of great significance to improve its mechanical and thermal stabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High salt diet (4%Nacl) can induce an increase in blood pressure in SD rats. • High salt diet (4 %Nacl) can cause vascular inflammation, impair vascular endothelial function and significantly increase the levels of IL-6 (P < 0.01), IL-1β (P < 0.05), ET-1(P < 0.001). • Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge can treat hypertension induced by High salt diet (4%Nacl). • The key mechanism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge in treating high-salt diet-induced hypertension may be achieved through modulating the balance of the Th17/Treg axis and improving gut microbiota. The traditional Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) is widely used for hypertension complications, yet its mechanism remains undefined. This study assessed SM extract effects on Th17/Treg cells and gut microbiota in rats with an high-salt diet (HSD, 4 %Nacl)-induced hypertension. SM (1 mL/100 g) restored hypertensive rats' blood pressure to controls, regulating Th17/Treg balance, selectively increasing Treg cells. It improved gut dysbiosis from HSD, reducing Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio (P < 0.001), notably augmenting beneficial Prevotellaceae. Correlation analysis linked SM's therapeutic effect to Th17/Treg changes and specific genera presence like Prevotellaceae , Bacteroides , Lactobacillus. SM effectively regulated HSD-induced hypertension, likely by balancing Th17/Treg axis and altering gut microbiota. These findings support SM's potential for treating HSD-induced hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the online recruitment data of first-tier cities, this paper conducts a visualized analysis by investigating the complex impact of the epidemic, youth, c and employment, and explores the path of youth employment affected by the artificial intelligence in the post-epidemic era. The corresponding research indicates that the epidemic has a negative impact on employment; in the post-epidemic era, artificial intelligence has shown great value and has a positive impact on employment; the epidemic has intensified the polarization of labour force, the demand for non-programmed interactive skills has significant growth potential; and technical unemployment runs through the whole process; more uncertain is brought in new job positions; the scope of youth employment is wider, and artificial intelligence has become a new way to promote employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effects of a helium cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the bonding performance and surface modification of the caries-affected dentin (CAD). Artificial CAD was created by pH-cycling. The microtensile bond of CAD were examined before and after CAP treatments at 24 h and after 2-year aging. The effects of surface modification were studied with contact-angle measurement, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Thirty-second CAP treatment increased the immediate bond strength of CAD to a level that was statistically the same as sound dentin, and slowed the aging process of the bonding as well. The CAP treatment induced modified CAD surface with increased wettability, cleaner appearance, and increased percentage of the mineral-associated elements and oxygen. This research demonstrated that the helium CAP jet treatments of 30 s and 45 s improved the bond strength of the artificial CAD, and was considerably effective in its surface modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synergetic effects were observed in an oriented-NaNbO3/g-C3N4 heterostructure system synthesized from in situ pyrolysis of urea with hydrothermally prepared NaNbO3 microcuboids. Chemically wrapping NaNbO3 with an appropriate amount of g-C3N4 forms an efficient heterojunction which separates photoexcited charges, and the internal electric field produced by oriented NaNbO3 grains facilitates their transfer. The mechanism developed here is applicable to enhancing photoelectrical utilization in other perovskite systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the short-term outcomes of patients with GC who received RDG or LDG. Summary Background Data: Despite the increasing use of RDG in patients with GC, its safety and efficacy compared to those of LDG have not been elucidated in a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Three hundred patients with cT1-4a and N0/+ between September 2017 and January 2020 were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial at a high-volume hospital in China. The short-term outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: The modified intention-to-treat analysis included data from 283 patients (RDG group: n = 141) and (LDG group: n = 142). Patients in the RDG group exhibited faster postoperative recovery, milder inflammatory responses, and reduced postoperative morbidity (9.2% vs 17.6%, respectively, P = 0.039). Higher extraperigastric lymph nodes (LNs) were retrieved in the RDG group (17.6 ± 5.8 vs 15.8 ± 6.6, P = 0.018) with lower noncompliance rate (7.7% vs 16.9%, respectively, P = 0.006). Additionally, patients in the RDG group were more likely to initiate adjuvant chemotherapy earlier [median (interquartile range) postoperative days: 28 (24–32) vs 32 (26–42), P = 0.003]. Although total hospital costs were higher in the robotic group than in the laparoscopic group, the direct cost was lower for RDG than for LDG (all P < 0.001). Conclusions: RDG is associated with a lower morbidity rate, faster recovery, milder inflammatory responses, and improved lymphadenectomy. Additionally, faster postoperative recovery in the RDG group enables early initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy. Our results provide evidence for the application of RDG in patients with GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]