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21 results on '"Parolini, O"'

1. Review: Preclinical studies on placenta-derived cells and amniotic membrane: An update.

Author

Parolini, O. and Caruso, M.

Subjects
AMNION, PLACENTA, STEM cell treatment, ANIMAL disease models, INFLAMMATION, HEALTH outcome assessment
Abstract

Abstract: Recent years have seen considerable advances in our knowledge of the biology and properties of stem/progenitor cells isolated from placental tissues. This has encouraged researchers to address the potential effects of these cells in animal models of different diseases, resulting in increasing expectations regarding their possible utility for cell-based therapeutic applications. This rapidly evolving research field is also enriched by studies aimed at expanding the use of the whole amniotic membrane (AM), a well-known surgical material, for pathological conditions other than those tested so far and for which clinical applications already exist. In this review, we provide an update on studies that have been performed with placenta-derived cells and fragments of the entire AM to validate their potential clinical applications in a variety of diseases, in particular those associated with degenerative processes induced by inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms. We also offer, as far as possible, insight into the interpretation and suggested mechanisms to explain the most important outcomes achieved to date. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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2. Atypical Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in a girl

Author

Conley, ME, Wang, WC, Parolini, O, Shapiro, DN, Campana, D, and Siminovitch, KA

Abstract

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a fully penetrant X-linked recessive disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia with small platelets, eczema, and defects of both T-cell and B-cell immunity. Obligate carriers of this disorder show no signs of the gene defect because in the cell lineages primarily affected by the disorder they demonstrate preferential use of the normal, nonmutant X as the active X. This can be explained by the selective disadvantage in proliferation and/or survival experienced by the cells with the mutant X as the active X. We have recently evaluated an 8-year-old girl with a disorder phenotypically identical to WAS. Cytogenetic studies did not show any structural abnormalities of the X chromosome and X chromosome inactivation analysis showed that both of her X chromosomes could function as the active X. These findings suggest that there is an autosomal recessive disorder that is very similar to classic WAS.

Published
1992
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3. High prevalence of nonsense, frame shift, and splice-site mutations in 16 patients with full-blown Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Author

Wengler, GS, Notarangelo, LD, Berardelli, S, Pollonni, G, Mella, P, Fasth, A, Ugazio, AG, and Parolini, O

Abstract

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a fully penetrant X-linked recessive disorder characterized by immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, and severe eczema. WAS is a life-threatening disease, with a poor quality of life and high mortality rate in childhood. The gene responsible for the disease has been localized to the proximal short arm of the X- chromosome and recently isolated through positional cloning and named WAS protein (WASP). We have characterized 17 WAS families. We have developed a rapid, nonradioactive screening protocol for identifying WASP gene alterations in genomic DNA. Our method allows simultaneous evaluation of single strand confirmation polymorphism and heteroduplex formation. We have identified 15 novel mutations that involve single basepair changes, or small insertions or deletions, all of which result in premature stop cordon, frame shift with secondary premature stop codon, or splice site defect. These studies document the considerable heterogeneity of the location of mutations in the WASP gene causing full-blown WAS and show the efficiency and rapidity of a screening approach for mutation identification in WAS that will be useful for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis.

Published
1995
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5. Carrier detection in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy by determination of very long chain fatty acid levels and by linkage analysis

Author

Notarangelo, L. D., Parolini, O., Baiguini, G., Buzi, F., Paterlini, C., Perini, A., Rimoldi, M., Tiberti, S., Uziel, G., Notarangelo, Lucia, Camerino, G., and Ugazio, A. G.

Abstract

Diagnosis of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is based upon demonstration of high levels of very long chain fatty acids. More recently, in addition to biochemical analysis, closely linked DNA probe St14 has been used for prenatal diagnosis in informative families. Identification of heterozygotes is particularly important, both in order to specifically address only carrier females to prenatal diagnosis, and because appropriate dietary therapy is now available to treat those heterozygotes presenting with neurological symptoms. We report two pedigrees in which carrier detection was performed by a combination of biochemical and molecular genetic analysis. Such approach should allow extremely high accuracy in carrier detection.

Published
1992
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15. Meeting report of the first conference of the International Placenta Stem Cell Society (IPLASS).

Author

Parolini, O., Alviano, F., Betz, A.G., Bianchi, D.W., Götherström, C., Manuelpillai, U., Mellor, A.L., Ofir, R., Ponsaerts, P., Scherjon, S.A., Weiss, M.L., Wolbank, S., Wood, K.J., and Borlongan, C.V.

Subjects
STEM cells, PLACENTA, FETAL membranes, BIOLOGICAL societies, MEETINGS, LECTURES & lecturing, IMMUNOREGULATION, MESENCHYMAL stem cells
Abstract

Abstract: The International Placenta Stem Cell Society (IPLASS) was founded in June 2010. Its goal is to serve as a network for advancing research and clinical applications of stem/progenitor cells isolated from human term placental tissues, including the amnio-chorionic fetal membranes and Wharton’s jelly. The commitment of the Society to champion placenta as a stem cell source was realized with the inaugural meeting of IPLASS held in Brescia, Italy, in October 2010. Officially designated as an EMBO-endorsed scientific activity, international experts in the field gathered for a 3-day meeting, which commenced with “Meet with the experts” sessions, IPLASS member and board meetings, and welcome remarks by Dr. Ornella Parolini, President of IPLASS. The evening’s highlight was a keynote plenary lecture by Dr. Diana Bianchi. The subsequent scientific program consisted of morning and afternoon oral and poster presentations, followed by social events. Both provided many opportunities for intellectual exchange among the 120 multi-national participants. This allowed a methodical and deliberate evaluation of the status of placental cells in research in regenerative and reparative medicine. The meeting concluded with Dr. Parolini summarizing the meeting’s highlights. This further prepared the fertile ground on which to build the promising potential of placental cell research. The second IPLASS meeting will take place in September 2012 in Vienna, Austria. This meeting report summarizes the thought-provoking lectures delivered at the first meeting of IPLASS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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19. Amniotic membrane and amniotic cells: Potential therapeutic tools to combat tissue inflammation and fibrosis?

Author

Manuelpillai, U., Moodley, Y., Borlongan, C.V., and Parolini, O.

Subjects
CELL membranes, AMNIOTIC liquid, UMBILICAL cord, PLACENTA, THERAPEUTICS, INFLAMMATION, FIBROSIS, MESENCHYMAL stem cells
Abstract

Abstract: In addition to the placenta, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid, the amniotic membrane is emerging as an immensely valuable and easily accessible source of stem and progenitor cells. This concise review will focus on the stem/progenitor cell properties of human amniotic epithelial and mesenchymal stromal cells and evaluate the effects exerted by these cells and the amniotic membrane on tissue inflammation and fibrosis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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