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The proper timing prior to any treatment should be the therapeutic decision. This concept seems to us particularly opportune as we deal, in the exercise of our disciplines, with facial morphology, a topic that is nowadays affected by excessive expectations and by the dictates of fashion, body image and appearance, all stirred up to a fever pitch by the media. Le temps essentiel et pr?alable ? tout traitement devrait ?tre l'indication th?rapeutique. Cette r?flexion nous para?t particuli?rement opportune dans le cadre de nos disciplines qui interviennent sur la morphologie de la face et font parfois l'objet de demandes abusives dict?es par le culte de la mode, de l'image et du para?tre v?hicul? par les m?dias.

A practical and convenient methodology for the synthesis of chiral cyclopentenol derivative (+)-12a has been developed as the key intermediate that was utilized for the synthesis of biologically active carbocyclic nucleosides. The selective protection of allylic hydroxyl group followed by the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction with Grubbs catalysts provided (+)-12a on a 10 g scale with 52% overall yield from d-ribose (4). The key intermediate (+)-12a was utilized for the synthesis of unnatural five-membered ring heterocyclic carbocyclic nucleosides. The newly synthesized 1,2,3-triazole analogue (17c) exhibited potent antiviral activity (EC50 0.4 μM) against vaccinia virus and moderate activities (EC50 39 μM) against cowpox virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV) (EC50 47 μM). The 1,2,4-triazole analogue (17a) also exhibited moderate antiviral activity (EC50 21 μM) against SARSCoV.

Cooperative education as an integral part of societys changing educational demand.

With sidestream venturi injection and a specially designed downflow tube, this recently developed ozone contactor is an attractive alternative to the fine‐bubble diffusion contactor for high ozone concentrations. A new type of ozone contactor, called the SVI‐DT (sidestream venturi injection with downflow tube) contactor, was evaluated at pilot scale and compared with the performance of a traditional countercurrent flow, fine‐bubble diffusion contactor. The specially designed downflow tube, equipped with one or more pressurized sidestream venturi injectors and installed inside an ozone reactor, facilitated the dissolution of ozone into water. The results showed that the SVI‐DT contactor achieved high mass transfer rates and outperformed the fine‐bubble diffusion contactor in removing color and yielding higher and longer‐lasting dissolved ozone residuals. The hydraulic behavior of the new contactor was also evaluated, and operating limits were established for maintaining stable two‐phase flow conditions in the downflow tube.

The article discusses current processes and applications of transferring videotape to film adapted from the paper presented at the 12th UNIATEC congress in Moscow, Russia on October 5-10, 1976. The basic methods, triniscope systems, color separation systems, electron beam recording and laser beam recording are discussed.

L. Bernard Happe's Basic Lotion Picture Technology (Hastings House, $10.30)Thomas Fensch's Films on the Campus (A.S. Barnes, $15.00)Linda B. Greensfelder, The American Film Institute's Guide to College Film Courses: 1970-71 (American Library Association, 50 'East Huron St., Chicago, Ill. 60611, $2.50 paperback)Neil P. Hurley's Theology Through Film (Harper & Row, $5.95)Lex Reed's Big Screen, Little Screen (MacMillan, $7.95)The New York TimesFilm Reviews: 1913-1968 (Library and Information Services Division, New York Times, 229 West 43rd St., New York, N.Y. 10036, $395 for set of six volume)

Phorbol ester tumor promoters affect a broad scope of changes in mammalian cells. This report describes the activation of expression of an introduced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), in a variety of fibroblast and hematopoietic cell lines. PMA-mediated activation appears to be promoter region specific, yet widespread. Enhanced gene expression is observed for four out of five promoter systems tested, and, in some cases, is dependent on the cellular environment. Further experiments indicate that PMA mediates elevated gene expression by rapidly increasing steady state levels of CAT mRNA. The broad range of promoters affected by PMA may help explain the high potency of this agent in tumor production.

Bob Westmoreland's Teleproduction Shortcuts: A Manual for Low-Budget Television Production in a Small Studio (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1974—$10.95)Joseph F. Robinson's Videotape Recording.: Theory and Practice (New York: Hastings House, 1975- $18.50)L. Bernard Happe's Your Film & the Lab (New York: Hastings House, 1974 —$11.50/6.50)