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16 results on '"Orcutt, Holly K."'

2. Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder

Author

Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia-Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R. I., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Duncan, Laramie E., Polimanti, Renato, Aaronson, Cindy, Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Soren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegoviç, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bacanu, Silviu-Alin, Baker, Dewleen G., Batzler, Anthony, Beckham, Jean C., Belangero, Sintia, Benjet, Corina, Bergner, Carisa, Bierer, Linda M., Biernacka, Joanna M., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Brandolino, Amber, Breen, Gerome, Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Børglum, Anders D., Børte, Sigrid, Cahn, Leah, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Chatzinakos, Chris, Cheema, Sheraz, Clouston, Sean A. P., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Coombes, Brandon J., Cruz-Fuentes, Carlos S., Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, Davis, Lea K., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Desarnaud, Frank, DiPietro, Christopher P., Disner, Seth G., Docherty, Anna R., Domschke, Katharina, Dyb, Grete, Kulenović, Alma Džubur, Edenberg, Howard J., Evans, Alexandra, Fabbri, Chiara, Fani, Negar, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feder, Adriana, Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles F., Goleva, Slavina B., Gordon, Scott D., Goçi, Aferdita, Grasser, Lana Ruvolo, Guindalini, Camila, Haas, Magali, Hagenaars, Saskia, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Hesselbrock, Victor, Hickie, Ian B., Hogan, Kelleigh, Hougaard, David Michael, Huang, Hailiang, Huckins, Laura M., Hveem, Kristian, Jakovljević, Miro, Javanbakht, Arash, Jenkins, Gregory D., Johnson, Jessica, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kennedy, James L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kotov, Roman, Kranzler, Henry R., Krebs, Kristi, Kremen, William S., Kuan, Pei-Fen, Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A. M., Lehto, Kelli, Levey, Daniel F., Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Logue, Mark W., Lori, Adriana, Lu, Yi, Luft, Benjamin J., Lupton, Michelle K., Luykx, Jurjen J., Makotkine, Iouri, Maples-Keller, Jessica L., Marchese, Shelby, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Nicholas G., Martínez-Levy, Gabriela A., McAloney, Kerrie, McFarlane, Alexander, McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., Medland, Sarah E., Mehta, Divya, Meyers, Jacquelyn, Michopoulos, Vasiliki, Mikita, Elizabeth A., Milani, Lili, Milberg, William, Miller, Mark W., Morey, Rajendra A., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Mufford, Mary S., Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., Nugent, Nicole R., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Pan, Pedro M., Panizzon, Matthew S., Pathak, Gita A., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Porjesz, Bernice, Powers, Abigail, Qin, Xue-Jun, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Rung, Ariane, Runz, Heiko, Rutten, Bart P. F., de Viteri, Stacey Saenz, Salum, Giovanni Abrahão, Sampson, Laura, Sanchez, Sixto E., Santoro, Marcos, Seah, Carina, Seedat, Soraya, Seng, Julia S., Shabalin, Andrey, Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stensland, Synne, Stevens, Jennifer S., Sumner, Jennifer A., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Tiwari, Arun K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur, Van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Waszczuk, Monika, Weber, Heike, Wendt, Frank R., Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winsvold, Bendik S., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Xia, Yan, Xiong, Ying, Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross McD, Zai, Clement C., Zai, Gwyneth C., Zervas, Mark, Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Zwart, John-Anker, deRoon-Cassini, Terri, van Rooij, Sanne J. H., van den Heuvel, Leigh L., Stein, Murray B., Ressler, Kerry J., and Koenen, Karestan C.

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) genetics are characterized by lower discoverability than most other psychiatric disorders. The contribution to biological understanding from previous genetic studies has thus been limited. We performed a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across 1,222,882 individuals of European ancestry (137,136 cases) and 58,051 admixed individuals with African and Native American ancestry (13,624 cases). We identified 95 genome-wide significant loci (80 new). Convergent multi-omic approaches identified 43 potential causal genes, broadly classified as neurotransmitter and ion channel synaptic modulators (for example, GRIA1, GRM8and CACNA1E), developmental, axon guidance and transcription factors (for example, FOXP2, EFNA5and DCC), synaptic structure and function genes (for example, PCLO, NCAM1and PDE4B) and endocrine or immune regulators (for example, ESR1, TRAF3and TANK). Additional top genes influence stress, immune, fear and threat-related processes, previously hypothesized to underlie PTSD neurobiology. These findings strengthen our understanding of neurobiological systems relevant to PTSD pathophysiology, while also opening new areas for investigation.

Published
2024
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3. Rare copy number variation in posttraumatic stress disorder

Author

Maihofer, Adam X., Engchuan, Worrawat, Huguet, Guillaume, Klein, Marieke, MacDonald, Jeffrey R., Shanta, Omar, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Jean-louis, Martineau, Saci, Zohra, Jacquemont, Sebastien, Scherer, Stephen W., Ketema, Elizabeth, Aiello, Allison E., Amstadter, Ananda B., Avdibegović, Esmina, Babic, Dragan, Baker, Dewleen G., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Cardoso, Graça, Deckert, Jurgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Domschke, Katharina, Dunlop, Boadie W., Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Evans, Alexandra, Feeny, Norah C., Franz, Carol E., Gautam, Aarti, Geuze, Elbert, Goci, Aferdita, Hammamieh, Rasha, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Jones, Ian, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., King, Anthony P., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A. M., Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J., Lyons, Michael J., Mavissakalian, Matig R., McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., Mehta, Divya, Mellor, Rebecca, Morris, Charles Phillip, Muhie, Seid, Orcutt, Holly K., Peverill, Matthew, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Risbrough, Victoria B., Rizzo, Albert, Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Rutten, Bart P. F., Schijven, Dick, Seng, Julia S., Sheerin, Christina M., Sorenson, Michael A., Teicher, Martin H., Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Weber, Heike, Winternitz, Sherry, Xavier, Miguel, Yang, Ruoting, McD Young, Ross, Zoellner, Lori A., Salem, Rany M., Shaffer, Richard A., Wu, Tianying, Ressler, Kerry J., Stein, Murray B., Koenen, Karestan C., Sebat, Jonathan, and Nievergelt, Caroline M.

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heritable (h2= 24–71%) psychiatric illness. Copy number variation (CNV) is a form of rare genetic variation that has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, but no large-scale investigation of CNV in PTSD has been performed. We present an association study of CNV burden and PTSD symptoms in a sample of 114,383 participants (13,036 cases and 101,347 controls) of European ancestry. CNVs were called using two calling algorithms and intersected to a consensus set. Quality control was performed to remove strong outlier samples. CNVs were examined for association with PTSD within each cohort using linear or logistic regression analysis adjusted for population structure and CNV quality metrics, then inverse variance weighted meta-analyzed across cohorts. We examined the genome-wide total span of CNVs, enrichment of CNVs within specified gene-sets, and CNVs overlapping individual genes and implicated neurodevelopmental regions. The total distance covered by deletions crossing over known neurodevelopmental CNV regions was significant (beta = 0.029, SE = 0.005, P= 6.3 × 10−8). The genome-wide neurodevelopmental CNV burden identified explains 0.034% of the variation in PTSD symptoms. The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletion region was significantly associated with PTSD (beta = 0.0206, SE = 0.0056, P= 0.0002). No individual significant genes interrupted by CNV were identified. 22 gene pathways related to the function of the nervous system and brain were significant in pathway analysis (FDR q< 0.05), but these associations were not significant once NDD regions were removed. A larger sample size, better detection methods, and annotated resources of CNV are needed to explore this relationship further.

Published
2022
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10. Common Symptom Presentations in Individuals With Probable Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Author

Pinciotti, Caitlin M. and Orcutt, Holly K.

Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are heterogeneous disorders that share common underlying factors, etiology, and symptoms. A small body of literature suggests common OCD symptom presentations may exist for this comorbid group, yet common comorbid PTSD symptom presentations remain unknown. The current study examined common symptom presentations in individuals with probable comorbid OCD + PTSD compared with those with a sole presentation of probable OCD or PTSD, controlling for overlapping symptoms, using a sample of 133 undergraduates. Individuals who exceeded cutoffs for probable OCD + PTSD endorse more severe OCD symptoms overall but report similar levels of PTSD symptoms compared with the respective diagnostic groups. Logistic regressions found that symptom domains present similarly overall in a comorbid presentation compared with the respective diagnostic groups, yet some OCD symptom domains were significantly more severe in the comorbid group compared with individuals with probable PTSD. Explanations for the unique contributions of symptoms are discussed, and clinical recommendations for addressing these domains are provided.

Published
2020
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11. Reliability and Findings From an Instrument Examining Sexual Assault Disclosure Content and Context: The Sexual Assault Inventory of Disclosure.

Author

Pinciotti, Caitlin M., Allen, Christy E., Milliken, Jennifer M., Orcutt, Holly K., and Sasson, Sapir

Subjects
SEXUAL assault, SELF-disclosure, INFORMATION sharing, LEGAL evidence reliability, GENDER differences (Psychology), NONDISCLOSURE, SENSORY perception, RAPE
Abstract

Compared to the depth of research examining the impact of sexual assault disclosure and related responses from others, little is known about the content shared during disclosures. Categorizing survivors as disclosers or nondisclosers disregards the nuanced and complex nature of disclosure. To address this gap, the current studies examined the reliability and preliminary results of the Sexual Assault Inventory of Disclosure (SAID), an inventory of content shared during disclosures and the context in which it was shared. The SAID proved reliable and preliminary findings suggest that perceptions of disclosures as positive or negative are predicted by differences in content and context, above and beyond disclosure recipients' response. The current study also explored gender differences in disclosure. Additional findings, implications, and suggestions for future studies using the SAID are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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12. Re-Examining the Relationship Between Avoidance and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Rape Survivors Enrolled in Self-Defense Training: The Protective Effect of Activities Self-Efficacy.

Author

Pinciotti, Caitlin M., Reffi, Anthony N., and Orcutt, Holly K.

Subjects
AVOIDANCE (Psychology), POST-traumatic stress, SYMPTOMS, RAPE victims, SELF-defense instruction, SELF-efficacy, SEXUAL abuse victims, SELF-confidence
Abstract

Although many women do not report sexual victimization as motivation for seeking self-defense training, differences in self-efficacy suggest that self-efficacy deficits may influence survivors' desire to seek training. Lower self-efficacy, thought to negatively influence perceived confidence in one's ability to engage in everyday activities, may relate to avoidance of mundane activities and cause exacerbation of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The current study examined a three-way interaction modeling the relationships between history of rape, activities self-efficacy, activities avoidance, and PTSS in a diverse sample of 233 women enrolled in self-defense training. Results suggest that survivors who avoid everyday activities experience increased PTSS, but this effect is mitigated by perceived self-efficacy to engage in these activities. Activities self-efficacy may promote resilience in rape survivors regardless of whether they actually engage in such activities. Training that targets self-efficacy, rather than actual engagement in activities, may be sufficient to reduce PTSS in rape survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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14. Fear of self-compassion and psychological inflexibility interact to predict PTSD symptom severity.

Author

Miron, Lynsey R., Sherrill, Andrew M., and Orcutt, Holly K.

Abstract

Evidence suggests that increasing self-compassion is a worthwhile therapeutic target and may be adaptive in the context of trauma recovery. Recently, researchers have noted that particular individuals respond to self-compassion with fear and resistance, a phenomenon known as fear of self-compassion. We argue that fear of self-compassion may increase post-trauma suffering, particularly for individuals who routinely attempt to control difficult private experiences. The present study investigated relations among fear of self-compassion, psychological inflexibility, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in a sample of trauma-exposed undergraduates ( N =201). Hierarchical regression analyses revealed a significant interaction between fear of self-compassion and psychological inflexibility ( B =1.22, p <.05), controlling for negative affect. Follow-up simple effects indicated that psychological inflexibility moderated the relationship between fear of self-compassion and PTSS, such that there was a significant positive association between fear of self-compassion and PTSS among participants with higher psychological inflexibility ( B =3.81, p <.01), but not for those with lower psychological inflexibility. The prospect of fear of self-compassion as a contextual-behavioral treatment target is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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15. Fear of self-compassion and psychological inflexibility interact to predict PTSD symptom severity

Author

Miron, Lynsey R., Sherrill, Andrew M., and Orcutt, Holly K.

Abstract

Evidence suggests that increasing self-compassion is a worthwhile therapeutic target and may be adaptive in the context of trauma recovery. Recently, researchers have noted that particular individuals respond to self-compassion with fear and resistance, a phenomenon known as fear of self-compassion. We argue that fear of self-compassion may increase post-trauma suffering, particularly for individuals who routinely attempt to control difficult private experiences. The present study investigated relations among fear of self-compassion, psychological inflexibility, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in a sample of trauma-exposed undergraduates (N=201). Hierarchical regression analyses revealed a significant interaction between fear of self-compassion and psychological inflexibility (B=1.22, p<.05), controlling for negative affect. Follow-up simple effects indicated that psychological inflexibility moderated the relationship between fear of self-compassion and PTSS, such that there was a significant positive association between fear of self-compassion and PTSS among participants with higher psychological inflexibility (B=3.81, p<.01), but not for those with lower psychological inflexibility. The prospect of fear of self-compassion as a contextual-behavioral treatment target is discussed.

Published
2015
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16. Female-perpetrated intimate partner violence and romantic attachment style in a college student sample.

Author

Orcutt, Holly K., Garcia, Marilyn, and Pickett, Scott M.

Subjects
VIOLENT women, CRIME victims, WOUNDS & injuries, AGGRESSION (Psychology), ATTACHMENT behavior
Abstract

The frequency, severity, and reciprocity of female-perpetrated intimate partner violence and its consequences (i.e., injuries) were investigated in a college sample of women (N = 457). Participants were classified into one of the following four groups on the basis of self-reported physical assault perpetration and victimization against their relationship partners: nonviolent, perpetrator-only, victim-only, and bidirectionally violent. Results showed that females in the bidirectionally violent group had a reportedly higher occurrence (although not always statistically significant) of perpetration and victimization than those in the perpetrator-only and victim-only groups. Additionally, a similar degree of reciprocity was indicated by females in bidirectionally violent relationships in terms of violence severity and the occurrence of injury. Adult romantic attachment style was also examined among a subset of females (N = 328), and bidirectionally violent females were found to have the highest reported levels of attachment anxiety. Further, females high in attachment anxiety and low in attachment avoidance were more likely to report perpetrating violence than females high in both styles. Implications for prevention are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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