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In this study, two species occurring in Turkey/Eskisehir, 6 morphological, ecological and 5 were examined for the 22 anatomical feature. Or-this purpurea Huds and Orchis mascula (L.) L. were examined in terms of morphological, anatomical characters and habitat characteristics. Plant materials of the Orchir L. species were collected in Eskişehir between 2018-2019. In the morphological examinations, the flower, lateral sepal, petal, dorsal sepal, lip and anther structures were examined and measurements were made. Results were compared with the findings of the Flora of Turkey. Root, stem and leaf structure were determined in anatomical examinations. The anatomical results were dis-cussed with similarities and differences with the anatomical structure of other Orchis L. species. According to the habitat definition, purpurea and masula grow between 100 m and 1000 m. O. purpuree and O. mascula are the most common habitats in meadow, macchie and forest areas. Also, Quereus forests were the most common habitat. We found that both of them had similar soil characteristics, and differences occurred according to habitat characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upon a detailed analysis of the protologue of Orchis morio var. mascula and elements associated with it, we demonstrate that Linnaeus based its original diagnosis on only one specimen and one illustration. The previously designated lectotype of O. morio var. mascula, which is not referable to O. mascula in its current taxonomic circumscription, is not part of the original material but is to be taken as neotype superseded here under Art. 9.19(a) in favour of a specimen from Burser's Hortus Siccus. The typifications of O. morio and O. morio var. angustifolia are revised as well; the first lectotypes of these names are corrected to neotypes, and a new lectotype is designated here for O. morio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An exceptionally wide range of systematic data has been accumulated on subtribe Orchidinae, which dominates the European orchid flora. Despite (or perhaps because of) this wealth of information, delimitation of genera within the subtribe continues to prompt extensive debate among taxonomists. Here, we use the controversial genus Orchis s.l. as a case-study to explore the broader issues that surround the definition and circumscription of genera, and suggest a new approach to selecting among competing formal classifications that focuses on the biological cohesion of the resulting taxa. Levels of postzygotic reproductive isolation, assessed as differential embryo mortality through extensive artificial crosses between species, are compared with three taxonomic treatments: a pre-cladistic morphological classification permitting polyphyly; a cladistic classification generated by applying monophyly to Internal Transcribed Spacer sequences; and a `post-cladistic' classification that aimed to compromise between morphological and molecular differences and permitted paraphyly. The monophyletic cladistic classification is by far the most consistent with levels of postzygotic isolation through embryo mortality. Reproductive isolation, sequence divergence and morphological similarity can all usefully be quantitatively compared with formal classifications, though floral morphology in orchids offers a high risk of rapid co-evolutionary divergence with pollinator guilds, often generating spurious monospecific 'genera'. Best practice in taxonomy reflects reciprocal illumination between key biological datasets and formal classifications, pursued in a rigorous framework of precise definitions of taxa and wellfounded evolutionary-phylogenetic concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article discusses the 1939 proposal to conserve the name Orchis occidentalis against Orchis kerryensis or Orchidaceae. It cites that epithet accidentalis was first coined by H. W. Pugsley in 1935 in his monograph on European marsh-orchids, where he provided formal description of Orchis majalis subspecies occidentalis. It notes that the name Orchis accidentalis is more appropriate rank over Orchis kerryensis resulting in the maintenance of the varietal combination Dactylorhiza occidentalis.

Presents a proposal to conserve the name of Orchis majalisagainst orchidaceae. Segregation of the genus Dactylorhiza; Mostdiscriminatory morphological characters of the species; Appearanceof the introgressive hybridization.