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It remains unclear how the collective strong coupling of cavity-confined photons to the electronic transitions of molecular chromophore leverages the distinct properties of the polaritonic constituents for future technologies. In this study, we design, fabricate, and characterize multiple types of Fabry-Pérot (FP) mirco-resonators containing copper(II) tetraphenyl porphyrin (CuTPP) to show how cavity polariton formation affects radiative relaxation processes in the presence of substantial non-Condon vibronic coupling between two of this molecule’s excited electronic states. Unlike the prototypical enhancement of Q state radiative relaxation of CuTPP in a FP resonator incapable of forming polaritons, we find the light emission processes in multimode cavity polariton samples become enhanced for cavity-exciton energy differences near those of vibrations known to mediate non-Condon vibronic coupling. We propose the value of this detuning is consistent with radiative relaxation of Herzberg-Teller polaritons into collective molecular states coupled to the cavity photon coherently. We contrast the feature stemming from light emission from the HT polariton state with those that occur due to polariton-enhanced light absorption. Our results demonstrate the landscape of molecular and photonic interactions enabled by cavity polariton formation using complex chromophores and how researchers can design resonators to leverage these interactions to characterize and control polaritonic properties.

Background: Exposure to lead has been linked to biochemical changes similar to those patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. Trévo is a phytonutrient-rich product with antiaging and antioxidant properties.Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective activity of trévo against lead-induced biochemical changes in male Wistar rats.Methods: The study involves 35 animals that were randomly divided into five groups of seven rats each. Group I (Control): Orally administered distilled water; Group II (Induced): Administered 15 mg/kg of lead acetate (PbA) intraperitoneally; Group III (Treatment group): Orally administered 2 mL/kg of trévo for two days before co-administration with PbA for 12 consecutive days; Group IV (Treatment group): Orally administered 5 mL/kg of trévo for two days prior to coadministration with PbA for 12 consecutive days; Group V: Orally administered 5 mL/kg of trévo for 14 consecutive days. Animals were anesthetized with diether and the brain excised and processed for the following biochemical assays: Malonedialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), beta-amyloid, glutamate, Na+/K+ ATPase, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GD).Results: PbA caused significant oxidative stress (increased MDA concentration, decreased GSH concentration, suppressed the activity of CAT, SOD), decreased GT activity, increased activity of AChE, increased the concentration of beta-amyloid, and caused glutamate excitotoxicity (increased concentration of glutamate, decreased activity of Na+/K+ ATPase, and GD) in rat brains. Treatment with trévo at the two different doses significantly prevented oxidative damage, beta-amyloid aggregation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and acetylcholine breakdown induced by lead acetate.Conclusion: Our findings added to the reported pharmacological activity of trévo and supported the antiaging potential of trévo.

We earlier reported the protective effect of Solanum dasyphyllumagainst cyanide neurotoxicity. In furtherance to this, we investigated the protective effect of S. dasyphyllumagainst rotenone, a chemical toxin that causes brain-related diseases. Mitochondria fraction obtained from the brain of male Wistar rats was incubated with various solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and methanol) extracts of S. dasyphyllumbefore rotenone exposure. Mitochondria respiratory enzymes (MRE) were evaluated along with markers of oxidative stress. The inhibition of MRE by rotenone was reversed by treatment with various fractions of S. dasyphyllum. The oxidative stress induced by rotenone was also reversed by fractions of S. dasyphyllum. In addition, the ethylacetate fraction of S. dasyphyllumwas most potent against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. In conclusion, S. dasyphyllumis rich in active phytochemicals that can prevent some neurotoxic effects of rotenone exposure. Further study can be done in an in vivo model to substantiate our results.

Abstract:The study investigated the competency training needs of lecturers for e-learning instructional delivery in teacher education programs. Two research questions and hypotheses guided the study. The sample size comprised 540 participants from the colleges of education and faculties of education in the universities in South West, Nigeria. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested using Z-test statistical tool. The results of data analysis showed that lecturers needed training for technology related competencies and pedagogical knowledge. It was recommended among others that workshops and seminars should be organized within and outside the country for cross fertilization of ideologies and skills, and regular up-grading of teaching and learning facilities.

This study examines the effect of board attributes (board size, board composition and CEO duality) on the extent of voluntary disclosure using data for 237 firm-year observations from 75 firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2012. The study constructs disclosure index score comprising 36 items. Using random-effects regression model, the result shows that CEO duality is negatively related to voluntary disclosure. This study also finds that board size and board composition do not have any significant relationship with voluntary disclosure. This study has implications for future researchers, regulators, and investors. Future researchers may find it interesting to examine board behaviour in order to understand the complexities of board operations as it affects their monitoring role. There is no evidence that the introduction of Corporate Governance Code by the Nigerian Securities and Exchange Commission has led to improvement in the voluntary disclosure made by listed companies. There is therefore the need for regulators to improve their enforcement and compliance mechanism at ensuring that listed companies comply with the disclosure requirements. It may also be appropriate that certain disclosures be made mandatory, since the management may not have the incentives to make such disclosures.

Very few faculties of law in Nigerian universities that offer law programme have established law clinics that offer live-client services to the public as part of their legal education training. Across the border, clinical legal education is gaining more popularity by the day as a tool to imbibe the necessary skills in students to become sound legal practitioners. This article assesses the impact of law clinics on the skills of law students to enable them handle effectively the demands of the legal profession. The article analyses the correlation between law clinics that provide services to live clients and the skills acquired vis-à-vis the performance of student clinicians. The article recommends the need to integrate live-client law clinics into the mainstream legal education system in Nigeria.

ABSTRACTNew archaeological research inside the Christiansted National Historic Site in St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands, has uncovered a wealth of cultural resources around the Danish West India and Guinea Company Warehouse that have lasting implications for the largely Afro-Caribbean descendent Crucian community living in St. Croix today. Following a stump removal, exposing the remains of a Danish military stock warehouse containing 3,152 artifacts, two excavations targeting the dwelling spaces of royal enslaved Afro-Caribbeans recovered over 4,000 artifacts within the same warehouse structure. This new research brings into focus the daily lives of the enslaved Afro-Caribbean peoples residing within the walls of the Danish West India and Guinea Company Warehouse in service to the King of Denmark. The project also brings attention to the lives of the Danish officers who carried out their operations in the same space. This article explores the relationship between these two groups.

ABSTRACTData from a study of 59 adolescent University students were correlated using Spearman rank-difference coefficient (rho) to assess the extent to which the future could be predicted from these measures. The 58 adolescents' score on the Satisfaction Questionnaire and Purpose-in-Life Test showed data significantly supporting the hypothesis and its relationship to goal directedness. Male southerners' and graduate study oriented groups supported the hypothesis while the opposite held for girls, northerners', and non-graduate-study orientation samples. The findings partially agree with the findings of previous studies especially those of Jenks, Kahana, Bobinski, and Piermarini.

Many theorists and helping professionals have emphasized the importance of self-concept in personal adjustment. Increasingly, theorists and caregivers are perceiving self-concept as playing a pivotal role in the specific realm of learning, teaching and everyday living. As clinicians and scientists we see daily the close tie between parental competence, teacher's influence and emotional functioning and how children succeed with many of life's worries. Insufficient attention has been paid to the theoretical underpinnings of predicting children's emotional reactions to stress and conflict with self from a systems viewpoint. Longitudinal preventive and developmental studies of adults' influence on children's ability to cope with life's stresses and classroom's conflict, through polydimensionl procedures incorporated into a therapeutic counselling or consulting atmosphere that includes caring, respect, empathic understanding and acceptance, are mandatory. Theoretical frameworks are already developed which must be drawn on to drive the best predictions of when and how to involve our child client (patient) with social and family support. The current essay will attempt to bridge school and family systems and social network theories to the understanding of children's coping with self in a bid to enhance their self-concept.

The major objective of this study was to identify certain needs which limit the effectiveness of early childhood teachers in the classroom. This was done by the use of an assessment tool. Results indicated a high priority and dire need for help in five factor need areas: children guidance and achievement of the basic skills; functional and qualitative learning and a mastery of the basic skills; motivating children to learn; identifying and sustaining readiness factors that affect learning and establishing and maintaining discipline. Consequently, a test for relation ship between the identified factor needs of early childhood teachers and selected teachers variables yielded no statistical significance (p>0.05).